CN103355501A - Feed with addition of bioactive peptides and of grow-finishing pigs and preparation method - Google Patents
Feed with addition of bioactive peptides and of grow-finishing pigs and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed feed with addition of bioactive peptides and of grow-finishing pigs and a preparation method. The feed with addition of bioactive peptides has good palatability and utilization rate, can raise yield and quality of grow-finishing pigs, inhibits infection of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, and enhances disease resistance and immune ability of bodies. The feed has no side effects and no residues of harmful substances in animal products for any length of time, is harmless to health of consumers of animal products, and has no pollution to the environment. The feed mainly aims to adjust physiology and ecology of nutrient substances in the digestive tract. The additives belong to functional feed additives mostly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contain the animal-breeding feed that derives from plant, animal or raw mineral materials, particularly the grow-finish pig feed of biologically active peptide.
Background technology
1998,17 residents in Hong Kong poisoned because of edible " clenobuterol hydrochloride " the residual port haslet that supplies that contains interiorly.The bacterium that 13300 patients of the U.S. in 1992 die from antibiotic resistance infects.During 1987 to 1999, the sick ox of the BSE that Britain makes a definite diagnosis (rabid ox disease) has lost 30,000,000,000 dollars just up to 170,000.In May, 1999 Belgian " dioxin contamination food " event, the direct losses that cause reach 3.55 hundred million Euros.These events show that the food-safety problem of the world today is very severe.Relate to the links such as production, circulation although affect the factor of the security of animal products.But feed is undoubtedly one of most important route of transmission of numerous pathogens, virus and toxin.Propagation such as " rabid ox disease " mainly is the meat meal tankage that utilizes the animal processed side product to make in the feed, and " dioxin " primary pollution source is the animal fat that adds in the feed in the meat." rabid ox disease " caused that the worldwide public is panic, the alarm bell of also having beaten feed safety for the world.Present many countries are own through completely forbid the meat meal tankage of using the animal processed side product to make in animal feed, and feed has been implemented severeer monitoring.Although at present from buying, storage and the processing aspect of raw material, stop as far as possible harmful microbe pollution and propagation, taked some effective prophylactico-therapeutic measures, such as heat treatment, the competitive probiotic of interpolation and organic acid production.Wherein the most general method is still and uses antibiotic and other medicine class additives, but this has caused again that the pathogenic microorganism resistance to the action of a drug strengthens, livestock and poultry autogenous infection and suprainfection, livestock and poultry Cellular Immunity, the decline of humoral immune function, feed cost strengthen, destroy normal micropopulation in the animal body, causes the series of problems such as microecological balance imbalance and animal products drug residue.Caused the great attention of countries in the world owing to adding antibiotic negative effect in the feed.In the face of this global difficult problem, the World Health Organization puts forward a proposal to scientists, seeks countermeasure.And the means that increasing country takes to make laws are especially forbidden antibiotic, the tissue of setting up in the 1981-careful antibiotic alliance that uses, and its member spreads all over more than 90 country.In the end of the year 2000, EU Committee has promulgated 4 kinds of antibiotic use ban in European Union's scope.These 4 kinds of antibiotic comprise bacillus skin zinc, spiramvcin, Virginia mycin and tylosin, must not be applied to poultry, cattle breeding from 1 day July in 1997.Antibiotic forbidding has stayed the market that exploitation can keep the Substitutes For Antibiotic of animal health and output.When the positive searching of people can substitute antibiotics effect and when not having the product of its side effect, because biotechnology and engineered developing rapidly, picture microorganism formulation, oligosaccharides, some of little peptide, Chinese herbal medicine, enzyme preparation, the general acid of nuclear and Yolk antibody etc. have no side effect, the natural feed addictive of noresidue arises at the historic moment.These feed addictives are promoting aspect breeding performonce fo animals and the raising animal health significant effect is arranged.Below we mainly study biologically active peptide, peptide refers to that amino acid is each other with the interconnective compound of peptide bond.Small peptide refers generally to the peptide class that is comprised of 2-10 amino acid, has straight chain or circulus.Be less than the peptide that 10 amino acid form, be called oligopeptides, what surpass is called polypeptide, surpasses the polypeptide that 50 amino acid form and claims protein.Biologically active peptide is exactly the peptide class that animal is had physiological function.These effects comprise growth promotion, immunological regulation, antibiotic, antiviral, antitumor action and promote the characteristic such as mineral absorption.In recent years, oneself isolates a variety of biologically active peptides from microorganism, plant and animal.Traditional protein metabolism model thinks, protein just can be absorbed and used after must being hydrolyzed into free amino acid.The human or animal namely is needs to essential amino acid and synthesizing amino acid to the needs of protein.The Animal nutrition scholar finds that animal also not exclusively is subjected to the impact of Single restriction acidic amino acid level to the degree of utilizing of various essential amino acids in the feed, also and not exclusively follows " bucket rule " now.In addition, animal feeds with by the isozygotying when daily ration or protein amino acid balance of desirable amino acid pattern preparation, can not obtain best production status (Pinchasou etc., 1990; Kqohart and Sherritt, 1990).Thereby some scholars have proposed animal has the special ability of absorbing to whole protein itself or peptide viewpoint.20th century 50, the sixties, observe intactly absorption and transport glycylglycine of enteron aisle by Agor (1953), after this confirmed the viewpoint that peptide can complete transhipment absorbs.Nowadays it is believed that, little peptide and amino acid are entered the absorptive cell of mucous membrane of small intestine equally by transhipment, and further research finds that the own characteristic that peptide absorbs is very different in some importances and amino acid whose absorption characteristics.Mucous membrane of small intestine is faster with the amino acid whose infiltration rate that the kilnitamin form exists to the Amino Acid Absorption velocity ratio that exists with the peptide form, and, do not compete mutually between the absorption of peptide and the amino acid whose absorption, there is mechanism of absorption independent of each other." about the mechanism of little peptide, following three kinds of forms may be arranged: 1. have the dependent hydrogen ion of PH and sodium ion delivery system, do not consume ATP (Kato etc., 1989).2. rely on the active transport process of hydrogen ion or calcium ion concentration, need to consume ATP (Vincenzini etc., 1989).3. glutathione (GSH) movement system.Vincenzini (1989) report, the transmembrane transport of GSH is relevant with the concentration gradient of sodium ion, potassium ion, clang ion, calcium ion, manganese ion, and irrelevant with hydrionic concentration.Because GSH has antioxidation at biomembrane, thereby the GSH movement system may have special physiological significance.Because disease or other factors can not well absorb certain seed amino acid the time, can provide amino acid when animal by the oligopeptides that interpolation contains this seed amino acid, this absorption advantage of oligopeptides has very large potential trophism (Webb, 1990).Affecting the factor that little peptide absorbs has: the 1. quality of protein.Many experiments show, protein quality, the AA utilization rate of the oligopeptides that proteolysis produces and quantity, ratio and the feed of free amino acid are closely related.Show in the report, the little peptide burst size of good protein is more than protein inferior.Happy big state (1996) research discovery, some feed protein oligopeptides burst sizes are with effectively lysine and alkaline AA content are proportionate.2. protein content.When protein content increased in people's the diet, brush border peptidases is active to be increased, and when low albumen or deproteinized, peptidase activity reduces, and simultaneously, the absorption of peptide also increases thereupon or reduces.3. the level of searching for food.Webb etc. (1992) research draws, for a long time to rat restriction of feed intake (50% free choice feeding amount), the ability that can make intestinal tissue absorb L-Methionine rises, but the research hamster but draws opposite conclusion, and restriction of feed intake can cause the forfeiture of hamster small intestine to the absorbability of some amino acid and peptide; 4. the configuration of peptide and composition.General less peptide more easily absorbs than acidity peptide than D type, neutrality than large peptide, L-type.Body to the transhipment of peptide take dipeptides and tripeptides as main.5. animal species and physiological status.Seal (1991), Koeln (1993) evidence, peptide is up to 70%-80% in the Niu Yuyang venous plasma.Seal (1990) report, peptide is up to 50% in the rat plasma.Under pathological state, protein, skin and amino acid whose malabsorption.6. processing, storage requirement.Processing storage requirement is the key factor that affects protein digestibility process Small Peptides burst size and FAA ratio.Processing and storage is to protein digestibility and peptide burst size, and the relation research between the peptide molecule size is still few, and its mechanism it be unclear that.7. protectant use.Because peptide can be utilized by rumen microorganism, therefore can change the absorption of little peptide by adding protective agent.Add sodium acetate in the daily ration of sheep after, the protective rate of the little peptide of cud improves 19.66%, and behind the interpolation ionophore, the protective rate of cud peptide improves 20% in the goat daily ration, and the overall digestibility of nitrogen is also significantly improved (Liu Xiaomu etc., 2000).
But, whether entered blood with complete form by gastrointestinal absorption for the nitrogen of searching for food at present actually and it be unclear that.Mainly be because: 1. there are many problems in the methodology aspect, thereby the peptide in can't accurate quantitative analysis blood.Oneself knows at present hundreds and thousands of kinds little peptides, and the total amount of every kind of peptide is but very small, therefore wants each peptide is carried out quantitatively absolutely not may; 2. the difference between animal is too large.Past is animal used as test take rat as representative used animal aspect the absorption of peptide and the metabolism research mostly, yet some animal with special alimentary canal anatomical features has widely peptide absorbability, and this ability is may be more outstanding in the animal of microbial fermentation function such as instead having from animal etc.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of grow-finish pig feed that contains biologically active peptide simple, that manufacture craft is easy of filling a prescription is provided, the feed that adds biologically active peptide has good palatability, utilization rate, and can improve the yield and quality of store pig; Suppress the infection of intestines and stomach harmful bacteria, strengthen resistance against diseases and the immunocompetence of body, can create preferably social value and economic interests.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of grow-finish pig feed that contains biologically active peptide, described feed comprises following component: biologically active peptide.
Described biologically active peptide addition is at the addition of mixed feed per ton: being 3000g in the piggy stage, is 4000g in the middle pig stage, is 5000g in the large pig stage.
Described biologically active peptide reaches biochemical technology Co., Ltd available from U.S. China.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided by the invention is brought is: material proportioning science, make simply, and economical and practical, can create preferably social value and economic interests.
The specific embodiment
The present invention mainly sets about from production safety meat, raising production performance, and interpolation optimum level biologically active peptide achieves the above object in the grow-finish pig feed by exploring.
The generation of food safety affair not only can cause great economic loss, gives animal husbandry with heavy losses, even also can have influence on the stable of national political situation.And along with expanding economy, the continuous reinforcement of the raising of people's quality of life and sense of self-protection.Food-safety problem has become the factor of overriding concern.At present pollution-free, noresidue, oneself becomes direction and the main flow of development the food of safety and Health, is subject to consumers in general's welcome.Post-WTO is very little with the leeway of tariff and traditional nontariff measures limiting inlet.In this case, some countries can take harsh Environmental Technology standard to form new Trade technique barrier-Green Technical Barriers.This has brought very large impact to China's animal food export trade, seriously hinders the expansion in China's export market.And Post-WTO, the inevitable diversification of consumption, the organic agriculture of west through managing for many years will enter the domestic market with low-cost, high-quality livestock products.If domestic livestock products can't be competed with external product on the aspects such as quality, price, security, will have the no longer livestock products in the country of consumption of many people, this all is disastrous effect to internal feed industry and aquaculture.So production and use green feed have been not only the long-range matter of fundamental importance that promotes the well-being of mankind, also are the needs of the current economic interests of industry practitioner.According to incompletely statistics, the global gross output of industry was about 600,000,000 tons in 2002, China's mixed feed production is about more than 6,000 ten thousand tons, the production of fodder total amount rises to the 18th by the 25th in 59 industries, later forage yield may increase in addition, add antibiotic and forbid the blank that stays to market, feedstuff industry is still a huge market.Therefore, " natural noresidue animal growth promoting agent " this animal growth promoting agent without any side effects, the research of the green feed biotechnology that this is generally acknowledged in the world has huge suitable application area and development space.Pig industry is the major industry of China's animal husbandry, calendar year 2001 4.57 hundred million of China live pig livestock on hands, deliver 5.49 hundred million of pork pigs for sale, account for respectively 51.8% and 46.8% of world's amount of livestock on hand, total amount of livestock for sale, pork accounts for 66.1% at the proportion of national meat total amount.It also is a pork consumption big country that China is not only the big country of raising pigs, and pork consumption proportion is higher nearly 28 percentage points than world average level.China's existing population 12.7 hundred million, pre-capita consumption meat 48kg, wherein pork accounts for 67%.China's population will reach 14.04 hundred million when predicting 2010, and pork accounts for the ratio of consuming will can not be lower than 60%.According to the agreement of China and WTO, the pork annual export volume of free trade scheme will be risen to by the 241kt of present reference scheme 6357kt (increasing nearly 27 times).But because the problem of the livestock products quality of China causes China's livestock products outlet seriously to be obstructed.From the beginning of the nineties, after China's livestock products entered the international market, oneself had many products because medicament residue is in succession return or destroyed by many countries.The broiler chicken of outlet Japan, residual exceeding standard returned goods in succession in chicken, causes outlet to be obstructed owing to " gram ball powder "; European Union is excessively indiscriminate with Chinese feed medication, and the reason such as exceed standard that animal products is residual stops import China animal products in August, 1996.Subsequently, the animal products of China is also contained in the outlet of the states such as Korea S, South Africa; European Union member countries determined in 1998, continued China's animal products is taked commercial embargo.Therefore we will greatly develop high efficiency, high-quality pig industry.And the food of production safety should be that safe feed is started with from its source at first.Therefore, be necessary the research of extensive Developing Green feed addictive in pig produces, selection can replace effects of antibiotics fully, improve the green additive feed of meat quality.Therefore this test is for promoting applying of biologically active peptides products; Research, screening and exploitation meet the feed formula of the development of feed industry and intensive industrialized piggery; This to the production safety meat, improve production performance, safeguard that human health has profound significance, and provide scientific basis for the unification of formulating later on the green feed prescription.
Develop the interpolation biologically active peptide feed of efficient special use for the present invention, carried out series of experiments in test pig factory.
1, materials and methods
Test is the product that is reached biochemical technology Co., Ltd by U.S. China with biologically active peptide.Include multiple biological small peptides, organic huge legendary turtle is closed trace element and UGF.The single-factor packet design is adopted in test.If a processed group (A2) and a control group (A1), the research biologically active peptide reaches the impact on meat quality to feeding effect, the feed digestibility of bacon hogs.
The Screening Experiment of Diet of each test group is consistent, and the premix of only adding is different, and experimental design sees Table 1.
Annotate: control group adds and U.S. premix, does not add antibiotic more than the 45kg.
The basal diet trophic level sees Table 2, and the single factor experiment design is adopted in test.Raw material selects to make every effort to simple and unified during formula Design, avoids the inconsistent test error that causes of raw material as far as possible.Experimental period, divide three phases, i.e. piggy stage of 15-30kg, the middle pig stage of 30-60kg, 60-90kg
The large pig stage.
The basal diet of selecting has three kinds of prescriptions, its formula table following (unit: weight portion):
Table 2
Annotate: 1. nutritional labeling is calculated value, and the basal diet of two groups is identical.
2 biologically active peptide additions are respectively at the addition of mixed feed per ton:. at piggy stage, 3000g.In the middle pig stage, be 4000g successively.At large pig stage, 5000g.
Biologically active peptide in the present embodiment reaches biochemical technology Co., Ltd available from U.S. China.
3. the processing of diet: premix and mixed feed are pressed feed formula production by new hope six and group.
2, experimental animal and grouping
The source of test pig and grouping
The examination pig is the DLY tri-crossbreeding.Random choose goes out 100 9 one 10 kilograms healthy piggy.After 7 day probationary period, therefrom select again 64 of health pig by the principle of " parity is consistent, kind is identical, body weight is close, male and female half and half " and be divided into four groups, every group has 16, and every group has two repetitions, and each repeats 8 pigs.All test pig are freely drunk water and are searched for food.Every pig all is equipped with overbit.Experimental period comprises raises and train the observation period (4 days), probationary period (7 days) and is just trying the phase (107 days).Finish morning next day and carry out empty stomach to weigh at each Phase-feeding, last recast is the first starting weight of next stage on last stage.
3, the feeding and management of test pig
Pig house is semi open model, be built in wind sheltering, on the sunny side, dry, draughty place.Pig house is concrete floor, and the gradient is approximately 6%.Pig enters before the pig house, with 0.3% Verbatim Anaprox solution, repeatedly spray disinfectant is carried out on whole pig house and trough, swinery, floor.Pig enters front 2 days of house with flame disinfection 2 times.Duration of test, jede Woche 1 time sprays pig body surface, pig house aisle, crib and swinery with the Verbatim Anaprox.With limewash ground and peripheral environment are carried out disinfection weekly.During transition, with the left miaow expelling parasite of hydrochloric acid (intramuscular injection 7.5mg/kg); Test pig immune programme for children according to this in process of the test is carried out.During transition, change gradually feed kind and feeding manner, until fully.Adjust feeding coal by the appetite of pig, can both eat to the greatest extent after making each feed, few surplus or during surplus material, the test diet of namely searching for food.When preliminary trial period begins live-weight of each group test pig is carried out variance analysis, group difference is (P〉0.05) not significantly.Experimental period is to the pig testing material of throwing something and feeding, and feeds and record the feed intake on each hurdle in single hurdle.Every day, feeding was three times, and the time is respectively 8:30,12:30 and 17:30.Change the formal test after date over to, different Different diet in the pig reception test design of each test group.The system of feeding and mode are constant.Diverse location at pig house hangs hygrometer and thermometer, temperature and humidity in the front record house of feeding every day.The daily mean temperature of duration of test pig house is 3.2 ℃ of 20.5 scholars in the piggy stage, and the middle pig stage is 8.2 ℃ of 22.7 scholars, and the large pig stage is 8.6 ℃ of 23.5 scholars.Per day relative humidity is to be 56.3 soil 12.0% in the piggy stage, and the middle pig stage is 61.6 scholars 8.9%, and the large pig stage is 65.3 scholars 7.5%.Observe the appetite health status of record examination pig every day.
4, the processing of data and statistical analysis
Data are carried out the one-factor analysis of variance, and multiple ratio adopts the Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method.
5, results and analysis
5.1 the different tests diet is on the production performance of examination pig and the impact of economic benefit
Table 3 15-30kg piggy step-by-step test interpretation of result
As can be seen from Table 3, each test group examination phase starting weight difference all not significantly (P〉0.05).In the piggy stage, head is the biological peptide group of daily gain and control group significant difference (P＜0.05) all.The significant difference (P＜0.05) of the biological peptide group of feedstuff-meat ratio and control group.Significant difference (P＜0.05) between the biological peptide group of feed cost and other each groups.
Table 4 30-60kg piggy step-by-step test interpretation of result
As can be seen from Table 4, the difference of the biological equal daily gain of peptide group head and control group extremely significantly (P＜0.01).The significant difference (P＜0.05) of feedstuff-meat ratio contrast and biological peptide group.Feed cost two group differences are (P〉0.05) not significantly.
Table 5 60-90kg piggy step-by-step test interpretation of result
As can be seen from Table 5, the equal daily gain utmost point of the head of large biological peptide group of pig stage is significantly higher than control group (P＜0.01); Head is day consumption control group and biological peptide group significant difference (P＜0.05) all; Feedstuff-meat ratio control group and biological peptide group difference is (P＜0.01) extremely significantly.
4, brief summary
Show by above a series of result of the test:
In the omnidistance feeding experiment of growing-finishing pig, the equal daily gain ratio of the head of biological peptide is far above control group.Low and the control group of feedstuff-meat ratio.The feed cost control group is higher than biological peptide group.Therefore, biologically active peptide growth-promoting effect and economic benefit are better than control group.Can improve the growth performance of store pig, improve feed digestibility, increase economic efficiency.
Claims (4)
1. a feed that contains the store pig of biologically active peptide is characterized in that, described feed comprises following component: biologically active peptide.
2. the feed of the store pig of described biologically active peptide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described biologically active peptide addition is at the addition of mixed feed per ton: be 3000g in the piggy stage.
3. the feed of the store pig of described biologically active peptide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described biologically active peptide addition is at the addition of mixed feed per ton: be 4000g in the middle pig stage.
4. the feed of the store pig of described biologically active peptide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described biologically active peptide addition is at the addition of mixed feed per ton: be 5000g in the large pig stage.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107125443A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-05 | 石家庄市金元康牧药业有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional and composite type green feed additive |
| CN107751605A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-03-06 | 张鹤亮 | A kind of Low protein diet of growing-finishing pig |
| CN110150472A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-23 | 江苏威泰龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of vigor peptide pre-mixing material |
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| CN101365427A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2009-02-11 | 米兰大学 | Microparticulate systems for the oral administration of biologically active substances |
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| CN107751605A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-03-06 | 张鹤亮 | A kind of Low protein diet of growing-finishing pig |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |