CN103351890B - Washing cooling tube with flaring structure - Google Patents
Washing cooling tube with flaring structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103351890B CN103351890B CN201310306061.6A CN201310306061A CN103351890B CN 103351890 B CN103351890 B CN 103351890B CN 201310306061 A CN201310306061 A CN 201310306061A CN 103351890 B CN103351890 B CN 103351890B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a washing cooling tube with a flaring structure. The washing cooling tube comprises washing cooling rings, flaring-section washing cooling tubes, water spray rings, a washing cooling tube and a gas distributor, which are sequentially connected from the top down and are coaxial in center line. Compared with a current washing cooling tube used in industry, the washing cooling tube has the advantages of low probability of slag accumulation, strong suitability to rigorous operation conditions, resistance to variation of gasification coal and fluctuation of gasification conditions, and low probability of loss in burning, and the like, ensures long-cycle, safe and stable operation of the gasification device, and is particularly suitable for large-scale coal gasification device. The washing cooling tube can be widely used for a chilling process of the gasification of a hot wall type and cold wall type refractory lining entrained-flow bed taking hydrocarbon substance as raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scrubbing-cooling tube, be particularly a kind ofly applicable to the scrubbing-cooling tube producing high-temperature gas and slag Quench in synthetic gas or gas fitting with coal, refinery coke, biomass, flammable trade waste etc. containing the hydrocarbon substance entrained flow gasification that is raw material.
Background technology
Based on the requirement of gasification following process variant production, according to the difference reclaiming high-temperature gas sensible heat process program, gasification has three kinds of technical process---chilling process, pot destroying process and useless pot Quench combined process flow.For the Chemical Manufacture such as synthetic ammonia, methyl alcohol many employings chilling process.The high-temperature synthesis gas that gasification produces and slag enter shock chamber, contact in shock chamber with chilled water, and synthetic gas cooling, slag solidification, contained more water vapor by the crude synthesis gas after Quench, can directly send into transformation system and not need to add steam again.In this technological process, heat mainly enters water circulation system.The technique of chilling process, equipment and operation are all simpler.
The air-flow bed coal-gasification technology of chilling process adapts to the demand of chemical industry synthesis, be used widely in recent years, the wherein representational multi-nozzle opposed Coal Gasification Technology (patent No. US7862632B2 for East China University of Science's exploitation, ZL98110616.1, ZL01210097.8, ZL2005101114824.8, ZL200810039551.3) and the Texaco coal water slurry gasification technology of the U.S..
Scrubbing-cooling tube (i.e. downtake) is the key part of the air-flow bed coal-gasification stove of chilling process.In scrubbing-cooling tube, go out the high temperature of vaporizer, high pressure, contact with wash cooling water containing the crude synthesis gas of slag, carry out the cooling of crude synthesis gas and contained slag thereof, synthetic gas is humidified, slag phase transformation is solidified, lime-ash is the processes such as water infiltration, makes the crude synthesis gas Quench of high temperature (>1200 DEG C) to the temperature of saturation (<300 DEG C) under corresponding operating pressure.
The Mass and heat transfer process of carrying out in scrubbing-cooling tube is very violent.The scrubbing-cooling tube of existing chilling process coal gasification apparatus adopts the simple isometrical formula cylinder of structure usually, and namely vaporizer is substantially identical with wash cooling bore to the cinder notch internal diameter of shock chamber, washing and cooling ring internal diameter.In order to adapt to high temperature resistant, resistance to slag corrosion and bear violent Mass and heat transfer, by selecting the contour grade alloys material of Incoloy825, Incoloy800, and the moisture film relying on washing and cooling ring to be formed, to realize protection.But along with the raising of vaporizer operational load, and the ature of coal used that gasifies fluctuates, worsen causing the operation operating mode in scrubbing-cooling tube further, because wash cooling bore is less, carry the crude synthesis gas easily dross on scrubbing-cooling tube wall of a large amount of slag, thus cause the study of water film distribution of scrubbing-cooling tube uneven, and then cause scaling loss.The scaling loss of scrubbing-cooling tube directly causes the synthetic gas overtemperature of vapourizing furnace, if interlocked startup is timely, directly causes vapourizing furnace to stop; If interlocked startup not in time, by scaling loss shock chamber housing, serious accident may be there is.This is also one of the important factor of the existing chilling process entrained flow gasification long period of puzzlement, safety, steady running.
Practice confirms, the scaling loss of scrubbing-cooling tube comes from the accumulated slag of scrubbing-cooling tube often.
Therefore, in order to ensure the normal use of scrubbing-cooling tube, avoid it to damage and extend its work-ing life, realizing the steady running of chilling process airflow bed gasification furnace, being necessary to invent a kind of scrubbing-cooling tube that significantly can reduce accumulated slag possibility to replace existing scrubbing-cooling tube.
Summary of the invention
In view of above problem, the invention provides a kind of scrubbing-cooling tube with flaring structure, with the easy accumulated slag of the scrubbing-cooling tube overcoming prior art and scaling loss, work-ing life dissatisfactory defect.
Design of the present invention is such: for the gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus of chilling process, go out the high temperature of vaporizer, high pressure, enter scrubbing-cooling tube containing the crude synthesis gas of slag by cinder notch, carry out violent Mass and heat transfer with by washing and cooling ring with the chilled water forming moisture film form and enter.Existing scrubbing-cooling tube adopts isometrical formula cylinder, and in scrubbing-cooling tube, space is less, and the slag in crude synthesis gas exists certain rebuffed possibility.As the change due to vaporizer operational stage, cause entering slag and flying dust form in shock chamber's crude synthesis gas to change, on scrubbing-cooling tube, accumulated slag probability may improve greatly, by producing the unequal problem of study of water film distribution of washing and cooling ring formation, finally causes scrubbing-cooling tube scaling loss.The scrubbing-cooling tube of designed band flaring structure, adopt the combination of washing and cooling ring, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube and scrubbing-cooling tube, space in scrubbing-cooling tube is increased greatly, significantly can reduce the possibility of slag rebuffed (scrubbing-cooling tube wall), namely the possibility of scrubbing-cooling tube accumulated slag also reduces greatly, thus improve the turndown ratio of scrubbing-cooling tube, to ensure the steady running of scrubbing-cooling tube.
Present inventor, on the basis of large quantity research, proposes technical solution of the present invention, specific as follows:
With a scrubbing-cooling tube for flaring structure, the scrubbing-cooling tube of described band flaring structure comprises washing and cooling ring, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube, water ring, scrubbing-cooling tube and the profile of tooth gas distributor of arranging successively and connecting from top to bottom;
Described washing and cooling ring is placed in the top of described flared section scrubbing-cooling tube;
Described water ring is evenly arranged along the top of described scrubbing-cooling tube, and described profile of tooth gas distributor is arranged on the lower edge of described scrubbing-cooling tube.
The shape of described flared section scrubbing-cooling tube is plate shaped, taper, spherical or elliposoidal.
The ratio of the internal diameter d2 of described scrubbing-cooling tube and the internal diameter d1 of described washing and cooling ring is 1.1 ~ 3.0:1 (preferred ratio is 1.5 ~ 2.5).Ratio is determined by the crude synthesis gas entered and slag flow (i.e. operational load).
The water spray angle of described water ring can adjust, and is respectively to spray water vertically downward along described scrubbing-cooling tube and axis direction to described scrubbing-cooling tube is sprayed water.
The bottom of described scrubbing-cooling tube is provided with gaseous equilibrium mouth.
The medullary ray of described washing and cooling ring, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube, water ring and scrubbing-cooling tube is coaxial.
The scrubbing-cooling tube of described band flaring structure is applicable to the airflow bed gasification furnace of fire brick type and water-cooled wall-shaped.
The bottom of scrubbing-cooling tube arranges gaseous equilibrium mouth, and lower edge arranges the gas distributor of profile of tooth, to realize out the uniform of the crude synthesis gas of scrubbing-cooling tube.Go out the bubbling of crude synthesis gas through shock chamber's liquid phase principal space of scrubbing-cooling tube, gas-liquid separation Hou Chu shock chamber.
Described washing and cooling ring is placed in the top of flared section scrubbing-cooling tube, adjacent with vaporizer cinder notch, forms chilled water moisture film by washing and cooling ring.
The scrubbing-cooling tube of described band flaring structure is applicable to air flow bed coal water slurry or the powder coal gasification furnace of fire brick type and water-cooled wall-shaped.
The advantage that the present invention has: the scrubbing-cooling tube of band flaring structure, space in scrubbing-cooling tube is increased, thus significantly reduces accumulated slag probability on scrubbing-cooling tube, improve the turndown ratio of scrubbing-cooling tube, extend its work-ing life, the stability that powerful guarantee chilling process gasification installation runs.The scrubbing-cooling tube of this band flaring structure is applicable to the airflow bed gasification furnace of various chilling process, as: different refractory liner form (fire brick type and water-cooled wall-shaped), different material form (coal water slurry and fine coal).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of scrubbing-cooling tube of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, concrete scheme of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
As seen from Figure 1, scrubbing-cooling tube of the present invention comprises washing and cooling ring 1, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube 2, water ring 3, scrubbing-cooling tube 4 and gas distributor 5, connect arrangement from top to bottom successively, and medullary ray is coaxial.
Go out the high temperature of vaporizer, high pressure, pass through cinder notch containing the crude synthesis gas of slag and slag with the speed of 5 ~ 30m/s, by way of the washing and cooling ring 1 that internal diameter is identical with cinder notch internal diameter, cocurrent flow descending together with the chilled water moisture film that washing and cooling ring 1 is formed, through flared section scrubbing-cooling tube 2, and after water ring 3 is sprayed water, enter scrubbing-cooling tube 4 and carry out Quench.
The form of flared section scrubbing-cooling tube 2 is plate shaped, also can be taper, spherical or elliposoidal.
The ratio of the internal diameter d2 of scrubbing-cooling tube 4 and the internal diameter d1 of washing and cooling ring 1 is 1.1 ~ 3.0, and preferred ratio is 1.5 ~ 2.5.Ratio is determined by the crude synthesis gas entered and slag flow (i.e. operational load).
Water ring 3 is arranged along scrubbing-cooling tube 4 top, is evenly arranged spout hole.Adopt two kinds of spray mode---spray water vertically downward along scrubbing-cooling tube 4, to scrubbing-cooling tube 4 axis direction water spray, the effect protected scrubbing-cooling tube and strengthen Quench further can be realized.
Crude synthesis gas after Quench is uniform by the gaseous equilibrium mouth 41 of scrubbing-cooling tube 4 bottom and the profile of tooth gas distributor 5 of lower edge, enters the liquid phase principal space bubbling of shock chamber, then through gas-liquid separation Hou Chu shock chamber.
Washing and cooling ring 1, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube 2 and scrubbing-cooling tube 4 mutually adopt and are welded to connect.
Embodiment 2
Process the chilling process multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove of 1500 tons of coals one day, the pressure going out the high-temperature crude synthesis gas of hot wall type (lining of fire brick) vaporizer is 6.5MPa, and temperature is 1290 DEG C, flow 14772m
3/ h, slag inclusion 10245kg/h.The cinder notch internal diameter going out vaporizer is 950mm.Adopt the scrubbing-cooling tube of the band flaring structure of embodiment 1.The internal diameter 950mm of washing and cooling ring, through the flow 280m of the chilled water that washing and cooling ring enters
3/ h; Flared section scrubbing-cooling tube adopts tapering transition; The internal diameter 1750mm of scrubbing-cooling tube, the ratio of itself and washing and cooling ring internal diameter is 1.8; Water ring injection flow rate 80m
3/ h, to spray water about 60m vertically downward along scrubbing-cooling tube
3/ h, to spray water about 20m to wash cooling tube axis direction
3/ h.Scrubbing-cooling tube total length 6.0m, wall thickness 7mm, material Incoloy800.The crude synthesis gas temperature left by the gaseous equilibrium mouth of scrubbing-cooling tube bottom and the profile of tooth gas distributor of lower edge about 270 DEG C.The scrubbing-cooling tube of this band flaring structure, when kinds of coals for gasification changes and operate degrading, there is not accumulated slag phenomenon in scrubbing-cooling tube wall substantially, protects it from scaling loss, and work-ing life can reach more than 3 years.
In sum, above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting practical range of the present invention.Namely all equivalences done according to the content of the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the scrubbing-cooling tube with flaring structure, is characterized in that, the scrubbing-cooling tube of described band flaring structure comprises washing and cooling ring, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube, water ring, scrubbing-cooling tube and the profile of tooth gas distributor of arranging successively and connecting from top to bottom;
Described washing and cooling ring is placed in the top of described flared section scrubbing-cooling tube;
Described water ring is evenly arranged along the top of described scrubbing-cooling tube, and described profile of tooth gas distributor is arranged on the lower edge of described scrubbing-cooling tube;
The shape of described flared section scrubbing-cooling tube is plate shaped, taper, spherical or elliposoidal.
2. scrubbing-cooling tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ratio of the internal diameter d2 of described scrubbing-cooling tube and the internal diameter d1 of described washing and cooling ring is 1.1 ~ 3.0:1.
3. scrubbing-cooling tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water ring adopts two kinds of spray mode simultaneously: spray water vertically downward along described scrubbing-cooling tube, and sprays water to wash cooling tube axis direction.
4. scrubbing-cooling tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described scrubbing-cooling tube is provided with gaseous equilibrium mouth.
5., according to the arbitrary described scrubbing-cooling tube of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the medullary ray of described washing and cooling ring, flared section scrubbing-cooling tube, water ring and scrubbing-cooling tube is coaxial.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310306061.6A CN103351890B (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | Washing cooling tube with flaring structure |
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| CN201310306061.6A CN103351890B (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | Washing cooling tube with flaring structure |
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| CN103351890B true CN103351890B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104673405B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2019-05-21 | 华东理工大学 | Gas cooling wash mill |
| CN108059981B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Crude gas cooling and purifying device |
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| CN202530054U (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-11-14 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel composite type high-temperature raw-gas cooling washing device |
| CN102958870A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-03-06 | 维尔萨利斯股份公司 | Process for the preparation of phenol from cumene |
| CN202849349U (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-04-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Dry pulverized coal graded compression gasification device |
| CN203360401U (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-25 | 华东理工大学 | Scrubbing cooling pipe adopting flaring structure |
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2013
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102958870A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-03-06 | 维尔萨利斯股份公司 | Process for the preparation of phenol from cumene |
| CN202530054U (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-11-14 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel composite type high-temperature raw-gas cooling washing device |
| CN202849349U (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-04-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Dry pulverized coal graded compression gasification device |
| CN203360401U (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-25 | 华东理工大学 | Scrubbing cooling pipe adopting flaring structure |
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