CN103350647B - 一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统 - Google Patents

一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统 Download PDF

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CN103350647B
CN103350647B CN201310251308.9A CN201310251308A CN103350647B CN 103350647 B CN103350647 B CN 103350647B CN 201310251308 A CN201310251308 A CN 201310251308A CN 103350647 B CN103350647 B CN 103350647B
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energy storage
traction
storage device
interface
contact net
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CN103350647A (zh
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李军
王成涛
荀玉涛
李雪飞
韩伟
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/32—Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/30—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/53—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
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    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/24—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines
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    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/24—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines
    • B60L9/28—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines polyphase motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/297—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal for conversion of frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/42—Electrical machine applications with use of more than one motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：主要包括牵引变压器、储能装置、牵引变流器、牵引电机，接触网通过受电弓与牵引变压器原边相连，牵引变压器两个副边绕组直接与牵引变流器相连，牵引变流器与牵引电机连接，储能装置与牵引变流器中间直流母线相连。本发明可以同时运行在电气化线路和非电气化线路上，在无接触网工况下，制动能量通过储能装置进行吸收，实现了能量的循环利用，体现绿色节能理念。在特殊的雨雪天气或接触网受损时有应急救援和战备功能，储能装置还可以作为移动电源使用。

Description

一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统
技术领域
本发明涉及动车组牵引系统，尤其涉及一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组电力牵引系统。
背景技术
牵引系统是动车组传动系统的核心，肩负着为列车提供行驶动力的任务。传统的动车组牵引系统主要为单一的电力牵引，采用接触网供电模式，只能运行在电气化铁路上。而根据我国铁路规划，截至2012年底，我国电气化铁路占全国铁路线路的53%；根据《中长期铁路网规划》，预计2020年，电气化铁路将占全国铁路线路的60%，非电气化铁路仍将长期占有很大比例。所有单一电力牵引的动车组无法满足在非电气化铁路上运行，并且在电气化路段发生故障或者车辆本身高压系统发生故障时，无法及时实行自救。
另外，在目前非电气化路段，传统集中供电的列车采用热动力源即内燃机车集中供电牵引的方式，在制动过程中，制动能量主要通过制动电阻的方式消耗，造成能源的巨大浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种混合动力的动车组牵引系统，实现动车组有、无接触网的情况下都能正常运行的同时，实现能量的循环利用，同时实现混合动力的最佳加速性能和应急救援、战备等目的。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：主要包括牵引变压器、储能装置、牵引变流器、牵引电机，接触网通过受电弓与牵引变压器原边相连，牵引变压器两个副边绕组直接与牵引变流器相连，牵引变流器与牵引电机连接，储能装置与牵引变流器中间直流母线相连。
牵引变流器包括牵引变压器接口、储能装置接口、第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置、四象限整流器、中间直流环节、牵引逆变器、双向DC/DC斩波器、过压抑制电路、牵引电机接口和辅助变流器接口，所述牵引变压器接口与所述整流器的输入端连接，所述储能装置接口与所述双向DC/DC斩波器连接，且并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述第一预充电装置设置在所述牵引变压器接口与所述四象限整流器之间的电路上，所述第二预充电装置设置在所述储能装置接口与所述双向DC/DC斩波器之间的电路上，所述四象限整流器的输出端与所述牵引逆变器的输出端连接，所述中间直流环节并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述牵引逆变器的输出端用于与所述牵引电机接口连接，所述过压抑制电路并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述辅助变流器接口并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上。
所述第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置均包括主接触器、预充电接触器和预充电电阻；所述主接触器用于控制主电路的通断，所述预充电接触器用于分别控制所述第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置向所述支撑电容预充电。
所述中间直流环节包括支撑电容和电容放电电阻。
所述双向DC/DC斩波器包括两个IGBT功率器件和一个电抗器，所述两个IGBT功率器件连接后与电抗器连接。
所述过压抑制电路包括串联的IGBT功率器件和能量吸收电阻。
本发明与现有技术相比所具有的有益效果：
1）能够实现跨线运行，可适应不同环境的不同运输需求。
2）在非电气化路段，采用储能装置供电模式，实现无接触网工况的正常运行。
3）在非电气化路段，实现“零”排放。
4）在无接触网工况下，制动能量通过储能装置进行吸收，实现了能量的循环利用，体现绿色节能理念。
5）由于采用了储能装置，该动车组不仅具有非电气化路段的运行能力，在特殊的雨雪天气或接触网受损时有应急救援和战备功能，还可以作为移动电源使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施方式的主电路原理图；
图2为牵引变流器组成框图；
图3为牵引变流器主电路原理图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，本发明实施方式主要包括牵引变压器、储能装置、牵引变流器和牵引电机，接触网通过受电弓与牵引变压器原边相连，变压器两个副边绕组直接与牵引变流器相连，牵引变流器驱动牵引电机。牵引变压器的作用是将交流接触网的单相网压降压，作为牵引变流器的输入电压，牵引变流器再驱动牵引电机实现动车组牵引，储能装置与牵引变流器中间直流母线相连。
参照图2、图3，1-牵引变压器接口；2-辅助变流器接口；3-储能装置接口；4-第一预充电装置；5-四象限整流器；6-中间直流环节；7-牵引逆变器；8-双向DC/DC斩波器；9-过压抑制电路；10-牵引电机接口；11-第二预充电装置
牵引变压器接口1与四象限整流器5的输入端连接，牵引变压器接口1用于对接触网的单相网压降压。储能装置接口3与双向DC/DC斩波器8连接，且并联在四象限整流器5的输出端直流母线上，中间直流环节6并联在四象限整流器5的输出端直流母线上，四象限整流器5的输出端与牵引逆变器7的输入端连接，牵引逆变器7的输出端用于与牵引电机接口10连接，为牵引电机接口10供电，通过牵引电机接口10为动车组提供动力。中间直流环节6可以包括支撑电容C1和电容放电电阻Rc1,支撑电容C1对四象限整流器5的输出端具有滤波作用，能够稳定四象限整流器5输出端的直流电压。储能装置接口3可以与蓄电池或超级电容连接，也可以与飞轮或燃料电池等其他储能元件连接。过压抑制电路9并联在四象限整流器5的输出端直流母线上的，过压抑制电路9包括串联的IGBT功率器件IV7和能量吸收电阻Rov，过压抑制电路9用于吸收中间直流支撑电容6中的瞬时电压尖峰，以保证电路中IGBT功率器件的安全。辅助变流器接口2并联在四象限整流器5的输出端直流母线上，通过中间直流支撑电容6为辅助变流器接口2供电，辅助变流器接口2用于向动车组的辅助负载供电。第一预充电装置4设置在牵引变压器接口1与四象限变流器5之间的电路上，第二预充电装置11设置在储能装置接口3与双向DC/DC斩波器8之间的电路上；其中，第一预充电装置4和第二预充电装置11相同，第一预充电装置4包括第一主接触器LK1、第一预充电接触器K1和第一预充电电阻R1。第二预充电装置11包括第二主接触器K4、第二预充电接触器K3和第二预充电电阻R3。
当中间直流环节6的中间直流电压较低时，可以先闭合第一预充电接触器K1，同过第一预充电电阻R1和四象限整流器5的反并联二极管对支撑电容C1充电。当支撑电容C1两端的电压达到一定值后闭合第一主接触LK1、断开第一预充电接触器K1，启动四象限整流器5。
第二主接触器K4用于控制主电路的通断，第二预充电接触器K3分别控制第二预充电电阻R3向支撑电容C1预充电。当中间直流环节6的中间直流电压较低时，先闭合第二预充电接触器K3，同过第二预充电电阻R3、电抗器L1和IGNT功率器件BV1的反并联二极管对中间支撑电容C1充电。当中间支撑电容C1两端的电压接近储能电池电压后闭合主接触K4、断开预充电接触器K3，然后双向启动DC/DC斩波器8。
在本实施例中，四象限整流器5包括八个IGBT（InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor，绝缘栅双极型晶体管）功率器件，具体为IGBT功率器件CV1-CV8，整流器5用于实现AC/DC（交流直流）变换，接触网供电模式下，该四象限整流器5采用两电平主电路拓扑，通过移相脉宽调制技术使得该四象限整流器5的等效开关频率变为单个四象限变流器开关频率的两倍，从而大大减小四象限整流器5的电流谐波；动力包供电模式下，可以仅利用三相桥臂进行二极管不控或四象限整流，以提供稳定的直流电压。
牵引逆变器7可以包括六个IGBT功率器件IV1-IV6，通过DC/AC（直流/交流）变换，将中间直流电压逆变为电压和频率可调节的三相交流电，用于驱动并联的牵引电机接口10，为动车组提供动力。牵引逆变器7可以采用高性能电机控制算法，在准确磁链观测的基础上，可以对牵引电机接口10进行精确的转矩控制，以保证动车组良好的加减速性能和运行的平稳可靠；另外，可以采用多模式调制算法，以充分利用直流电压，并降低功率器件损耗，减小噪声。
双向DC/DC斩波器8包括两个IGBT功率器件BV1、BV2和一个电抗器L1。两个IGBT功率器件BV1、BV2连接后与电抗器L1连接。通过不同的开关方式实现对储能装置进行充放电控制，具体为：动力包供电模式下，车辆处于牵引状态时，若动力包功率不足，储能装置接口3通过双向DC/DC斩波器8进行升压控制，以输出牵引能量，以补偿动力包的功率不足；当车辆处于制动状态时，对双向DC/DC斩波器8进行降压控制，对储能装置充电，以吸收制动能量，实现能量循环利用。
工作过程：在有电力源工况下，在列车牵引时，使用四象限变流器进行供电，保证列车牵引、辅助系统正常运行，在满足列车牵引需求的前提下将对储能装置进行储能；在列车制动时，优先对储能装置进行储能，当储能装置能量达到临界饱和时，使用四象限变流器将制动能量回馈电网。
在无电力源工况下，在列车牵引时，使用双向DC/DC斩波器进行储能装置放电，满足列车运行需求，获得最佳加速性能；在列车制动时，制动能量全部回馈储能装置，实现能量高效利用与节能减排。

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1.一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：主要包括牵引变压器、储能装置、牵引变流器、牵引电机，接触网通过受电弓与牵引变压器原边相连，牵引变压器两个副边绕组直接与牵引变流器相连，牵引变流器与牵引电机连接，储能装置与牵引变流器中间直流母线相连,其中：牵引变流器包括牵引变压器接口、储能装置接口、第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置、四象限整流器、中间直流环节、牵引逆变器、双向DC/DC斩波器、过压抑制电路、牵引电机接口和辅助变流器接口，所述牵引变压器接口与所述整流器的输入端连接，所述储能装置接口与所述双向DC/DC斩波器连接，且并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述第一预充电装置设置在所述牵引变压器接口与所述四象限整流器之间的电路上，所述第二预充电装置设置在所述储能装置接口与所述双向DC/DC斩波器之间的电路上，所述四象限整流器的输出端与所述牵引逆变器的输出端连接，所述中间直流环节并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述牵引逆变器的输出端用于与所述牵引电机接口连接，所述过压抑制电路并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上，所述辅助变流器接口并联在所述四象限整流器的输出端直流母线上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：所述第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置均包括主接触器、预充电接触器和预充电电阻；所述主接触器用于控制主电路的通断，所述预充电接触器用于分别控制所述第一预充电装置、第二预充电装置向所述中间直流环节预充电。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：所述中间直流环节包括支撑电容和电容放电电阻。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：所述双向DC/DC斩波器包括两个IGBT功率器件和一个电抗器，所述两个IGBT功率器件连接后与电抗器连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种接触网和储能装置混合供电的动车组牵引系统，其特征在于：所述过压抑制电路包括串联的IGBT功率器件和能量吸收电阻。
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