CN103336062A - Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting rail head tread defect of steel rail - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting rail head tread defect of steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN103336062A CN103336062A CN2013102585867A CN201310258586A CN103336062A CN 103336062 A CN103336062 A CN 103336062A CN 2013102585867 A CN2013102585867 A CN 2013102585867A CN 201310258586 A CN201310258586 A CN 201310258586A CN 103336062 A CN103336062 A CN 103336062A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting a rail head tread defect of a steel rail. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer comprises a magnetization device and an electromagnetoacoustic probe, wherein the magnetization device comprises two groups of coils and an iron core; the two groups of coils are respectively wound at two ends of the iron core; each group of coils is wound by connecting multiple enameled wires in parallel into stranded wires; the wires are connected in parallel; the electromagnetoacoustic probe comprises a transmitting coil and a receiving coil; high-frequency pulse string current is introduced into the transmitting coil so as to induce induction current with the same frequency on the surface of a detected workpiece, so that the surface acoustic waves are initiated, the surface acoustic waves propagating on the workpiece can be reflected from the defect position of the workpiece, and current is induced in the receiving coil; the magnetization device and the electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the detected workpiece. The blind zone detected by the conventional ultrasonic method is detected, a coupling agent is not required, and the flaw detection efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail examination technology, particularly relate to a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer that detects the rail head of rail thread defect that is applicable to.
Background technology
At present, to adopting the piezoelectric ultrasonic method bar none in the flaw detection of labour rail.Usually the flaw detection mode of using has vehicle-mounted inspection car detection, hand push inspection car to detect and manual carrying out flaw detection.The sort of flaw detection mode no matter, they all need to use (water or oily conduct) couplant, and need carry out pointwise to surveyed area and survey; And for the rail head of rail tread (rail upper surface) that contacts, is easy to generate most defective with train wheel, they all belong to detects the blind area.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of System and method for that utilizes ultrasonic detection method to carry out rail examination.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer that detects the rail tread defective that is applicable to, it is installed on the respective rail inspection vehicle, can realize the quick carrying out flaw detection of rail tread defective, can in time find the defective on rail tread surface and nearly surface, guarantee the traffic safety of railway.
The electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting method is a kind of brand-new ultrasonic detection technology, and it does not use couplant, do not need to contact with detected workpiece, by electromagnetic induction can be in workpiece the excitation ultrasound ripple.The present invention utilizes the electromagnetic acoustic method to excite the surface wave of propagating along the rail head tread in rail, in order to detect the defective in rail head surface and the nearly surface.Compare with traditional piezoelectric supersonic method, the present invention does not use couplant, need not that rail is carried out pointwise and surveys, and the dependence sonic propagation can realize the detection to the defective on its travel path (rail head tread).The present invention has not only realized conventional ultrasonic method is detected the detection of blind area, and flaw detection efficient height.
The invention provides a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer that detects the rail head of rail thread defect that is applicable to, place it on the rail and (no matter adopt vehicle-mounted inspection car and hand push inspection car, still hand-held flaw detection), can realize the quick carrying out flaw detection to the rail head tread, in time find the defective on surface and nearly surface, guarantee the traffic safety of railway.
According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer for detection of the rail head of rail thread defect is provided, comprise: magnetizing assembly, magnetizing assembly comprises two groups of line bags and iron core, two groups of line bags are wound on the two ends of iron core respectively, two groups of line bags are connected in series, every group of line bag by 3-6 wire skeining strand in parallel together coiling form, in parallel between each wire, it is the enameled wire coiling of 0.4-0.8mm that every wire adopts diameter, every equal coiling 30-60 circle, magnetizing assembly produces magnetic field in tested workpiece; Electromagnetoacoustic probe, have transmitting coil and receiving coil, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current in the transmitting coil, to induce the induction current of same frequency at tested surface of the work, thereby initiation ultrasonic surface wave, the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating at workpiece can reflect from the defective locations of workpiece, and generates electric current in receiving coil; Wherein, magnetizing assembly and electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the tested workpiece.
According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer is provided, comprise: magnetizing assembly, magnetizing assembly comprises two groups of line bags and iron core, two groups of line bags are wound on the two ends of iron core respectively, and two groups of line bags are connected in series, and every group of line bag is by the together coiling of many wires skeining strand in parallel, in parallel between each wire, magnetizing assembly produces magnetic field in tested workpiece; Electromagnetoacoustic probe, have transmitting coil and receiving coil, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current in the transmitting coil, to induce the induction current of same frequency at tested surface of the work, thereby initiation ultrasonic surface wave, the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating at workpiece can reflect from the defective locations of workpiece, and generates electric current in receiving coil; Wherein, magnetizing assembly and electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the tested workpiece.
Electromagnetoacoustic probe also comprises skeleton, and a plurality of grooves are set on the skeleton.
Transmitting coil is formed by multiple conducting wires, and a coiling of multiple conducting wires skeining strand in parallel forms, described multiple conducting wires in each groove at most through once.
Receiving coil is formed by the solid conductor coiling, and solid conductor surrounds into multiturn in predetermined groove.
Skeleton is made of nonmetallic materials.
At the outside of described two groups of line bags and iron core cover housing processed.
Every group of line bag by 4 wires skeining strand in parallel together coiling form, it is the enameled wire coiling of 0.6mm that every wire adopts diameter, every equal coiling 50 circles.
The position relation of transmitting coil and receiving coil is arrangement interlaced with each other.
Skeleton is provided with 24 grooves that are parallel to each other, slot pitch 2mm, groove depth 1mm, groove width 1mm.
Transmitting coil adopts 40 enameled wires that diameter is 0.15mm, with their skeining strands in parallel adopt inflection shape mode on skeleton once coiling form, transmitting coil comprises 6 transmitter units, and each transmitter unit takies 2 grooves, and the spacing of the lead of adjacent transmission unit is 3mm.
The geometry of machinery wavelength of transmitting coil is 8mm, and the dominant frequency range of the ultrasonic surface wave that excites thus is at 300kHz-400kHz.
The frequency of the high-frequency pulse string that feeds in the transmitting coil is in the scope of 100kHz～600kHz, and pulse voltage amplitude is 120V, and the pulse number in every group pulse string is adjustable in 1～10.
The frequency of the high-frequency pulse string that feeds in the transmitting coil is in the scope of 300kHz～400kHz.
Receiving coil is formed by the solid conductor coiling, and it is the enameled wire of 0.05mm that described lead adopts diameter, and receiving coil comprises 6 receiving elements, and each receiving element takies two grooves, and the number of turn in these two grooves is 40 circles.
When magnetizing assembly was worked, feeding frequency in described two groups of line bags was 10Hz～200Hz low frequency pulse current, and pulse waveform is approximately square wave, and the amplitude of the voltage of described low frequency pulse current is 24V～80V.
The voltage of described low frequency pulse current, frequency and dutycycle should be adjustable continuously.
The magnetic direction that magnetizing assembly produces in tested workpiece is roughly parallel to the direction of propagation of ultrasonic surface wave.
The direction approximate vertical in the magnetic field that the main trend of the lead of transmitting coil and magnetizing assembly produce in tested workpiece.The main trend of described lead refers in the lead of transmitting coil the bearing of trend on long limit.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of electromagnet ultrasonic changer, comprising: magnetizing assembly, magnetizing assembly comprise two groups of line bags and iron core, and two groups of line bags are wound on the two ends of iron core respectively, and magnetizing assembly produces magnetic field in tested workpiece; Electromagnetoacoustic probe, have transmitting coil, receiving coil and skeleton, a plurality of grooves are set on the skeleton, transmitting coil is formed by multiple conducting wires, multiple conducting wires skeining strand in parallel on skeleton once coiling form, described multiple conducting wires in each groove of skeleton at most through once, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current in the transmitting coil, to induce the induction current of same frequency at tested surface of the work, thereby initiation ultrasonic surface wave, the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating at workpiece can reflect from the defective locations of workpiece, and generates electric current in receiving coil; Wherein, magnetizing assembly and electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the tested workpiece.
The present invention has following characteristics and advantage:
⑴ the excitatory method of low-frequency pulse
The present invention has adopted low frequency pulse current to produce the method for exciting field, rather than common use permanent magnet or direct current excite the method for steady magnetic field.Ultrasound examination is discontinuous work.The excitatory method of pulse has reached only in ultrasound examination duration of work stimulated magnetization field (cooperation is finished emission and received hyperacoustic task) and the purpose that do not excite on one's own time, so both can improve excitatory efficient, saves energy, the magnetic attraction of 1 pair of rail of magnetizing assembly is reduced greatly, eliminate the absorption ferromagnetism foreign matter phenomenon that produces when in the past adopting permanent magnet and direct current to do exciting field, stopped the equipment failure that causes thus.
⑵ the method for making of two groups of line bags 4 in the magnetizing assembly 1
Two groups of line bags of the magnetizing assembly 1 among the present invention by four independently the unit compose in parallel.Such coiling connected mode can reduce the induction reactance of line bag, avoids excitatory pulsating wave distortion.We know that the pulsating wave distortion namely means the change of exciting field intensity, and it can directly cause the variation of detection sensitivity.
⑶ the method for making of electromagnetoacoustic probe 2
Be processed with 24 grooves on the skeleton of the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 among the present invention altogether, slot pitch 2mm, groove depth 1mm, groove width 1mm, wherein transmitting coil and receiving coil respectively take 12 grooves.The geometry of machinery wavelength of the transmitting coil after the coiling is 8mm like this, and the dominant frequency range of the ultrasonic surface wave that excites thus will be about 350kHz, and this band table ground roll has higher detection sensitivity to the tread common deficiency of rail head 3.Transmitting coil adopts Φ 0.15mm enameled wire, a coiling of 40 skeining strands in parallel to form, and so can reduce the transmitting coil impedance, improve emissive power.
⑷ the selection of transmitter current parameter
The frequency of high-frequency pulse string is adjustable in 100kHz～600kHz scope, and pulse voltage is 120V, the pulse number in every group pulse string be 1～10 adjustable, can adjust according to difference detection demand like this, find optimal parameter.
Description of drawings
By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing that an example exemplarily is shown, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram according to the magnetizing assembly 1 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map according to the skeleton of the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the three-view diagram according to the skeleton of the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 has schematically shown coil according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention and has been wrapped in state on the skeleton.
Fig. 6 has schematically shown according to the transmitting coil of exemplary embodiment of the present invention and the staggered state of receiving coil.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram according to the magnetizing assembly 1 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise magnetizing assembly 1 and electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 according to the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, magnetizing assembly 1 and electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 are arranged on the tested workpiece 3.
As shown in Figure 2, the magnetizing assembly among the present invention 1 can comprise two groups of line bags 4, iron core 6 and housing 5 compositions.Wherein, two groups of line bags 4 can be identical, and two groups of line bags 4 are wound on the both sides of U-shaped iron core 6 respectively, constitute the core of magnetizing assembly 1 among the present invention thus, at their outside cover housing 5 processed.Line bag 4 is formed by the enameled wire coiling, and two groups of line bags are connected in series.When passing to low frequency pulse current therein, can be by iron core 6 at tested workpiece 3(tested rail head of rail for example) tread form low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (having another name called an exciting field) B who is parallel to the surface, magnetic direction is parallel to the longitudinal extension direction (also being the direction that ultrasonic surface wave is propagated) of rail, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the longitudinal extension direction of rail is consistent with the direction of magnetic field B, all is from left to right.The housing 5 of magnetizing assembly 1 adopts ferromagnetic material to make, and like this, in the magnetic loop that the magnetic field that is produced by line bag 4 is limited in being made of housing 5 and detected rail head of rail 3, can realize the magnetization to rail head of rail 3 treads to greatest extent.Iron core 6 adopts the silicon steel sheet processing and fabricating.
Every group of line bag can by for example four independently the unit compose in parallel, that is, and by 3-6 root (preferred 4) skeining strand in parallel together coiling be parallel connection, in order to reduce the induction reactance of line bag, avoid the low frequency pulse wave distortion, and can reduce the eddy current in the iron core.And the pulsating wave distortion namely means the change of exciting field intensity, and it can directly cause the variation of detection sensitivity.Each independently can adopt the preferred Φ 0.6mm of Φ 0.4-0.8mm(in the unit) the enameled wire coiling, each is each coiling 30-60 circle of unit (preferred 50 circles) independently.Two groups of line bags 4 adopt series system to connect.When magnetizing assembly 1 work, line bag 4 feeds low frequency pulse current, can form the magnetic field of one-period in tested rail 3 tread surface, the waveform of pulse preferably adopts square wave, the intensity in the magnetic field that the periodical magnetic filed of Xing Chenging can be for some time in each cycle remains unchanged like this, can be used for measuring the defective of rail head tread during this period of time.The present invention uses pulse current to produce exciting field B, if adopt direct current, then magnetizing assembly 1 will produce very strong magnetic attraction, impurity such as some iron filings can be attracted to come, and can make rail magnetize, and then is difficult for separating with rail.Certainly, adopt alternating current to produce periodical magnetic filed in the online bag of the present invention and measure the certain technical difficulty of meeting generation, guarantee preferably that namely emission, transmission ultrasonic surface wave and the fault location in measurement range in the stage, can improve measuring accuracy at steady of periodical magnetic filed B with the time sum that ultrasonic surface wave reflects like this.
The voltage of low frequency pulse current can be 24V～80V, and frequency can be 10Hz～200Hz, and the voltage of pulse current, frequency and dutycycle should be adjustable continuously, to satisfy the measurement under different requirements and the environment.
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map according to the skeleton of the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the three-view diagram according to the skeleton of the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 5 has schematically shown coil according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention and has been wrapped in state on the skeleton.
In the transmitting coil of electromagnetoacoustic probe 2, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current I
0The time, will induce the induction current I of same frequency at the tread of tested rail head 3.The train of impulses electric current I that coil on the skeleton of the direction of induction current I and electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 feeds
0Direction opposite, the direction of induction current I is vertical with exciting field B direction.As shown in Figure 2, induction current I produces Lorentz force F under the effect of exciting field B, and the direction of Lorentz force F changes with the variation of high frequency induction current I.The regular change of this power will produce the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating along rail head 3 treads axial (axially being the longitudinal extension direction of rail).Ultrasonic surface wave is propagated forward along the bearing of trend of rail, if run into defective, then ultrasonic surface wave is reflected, if there is not defective, then outwards blazes abroad and decay naturally always.The ultrasonic surface wave of being returned by defect reflection can make exciting field B change, thereby causes induction current in the receiving coil in electromagnetoacoustic probe 2, according to the position that can obtain the defective place to faradic measurement.
According to embodiments of the invention, the coil that is wound on the skeleton comprises transmitting coil and receiving coil.The high-frequency pulse string I that feeds in the transmitting coil in the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2
0Frequency adjustable in 100kHz～600kHz scope, preferred 300kHz～400kHz scope.Pulse voltage is 120V, the pulse number in every group pulse string be 1～10 adjustable so that adjust according to different requirements, find optimal parameter.
In one embodiment, be processed with 16-28 (preferred 24) groove on the skeleton of electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 altogether, slot pitch 2mm, groove depth 1mm, groove width 1mm.As shown in Figure 5, transmitting coil 8 and receiving coil 9 can respectively take for example 12 grooves, arrangement intersected with each other.Figure 4 illustrates the state of lead 7 on the skeleton, wherein, lead 7 can be transmitting coil 8, wherein feeds high-frequency pulse string electric current I 0, and certainly, lead 7 also can be receiving coil 9, does not feed electric current I in the guiding line 7 only in this case
0
The transmitting coil of electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 adopts the coiling of inflection shape mode in the embodiments of the invention, and shown in 8 among lead among Fig. 57 and Fig. 6, a transmitter unit takies 2 grooves, transmitting coil 8 one total for example 6 transmitter units.The spacing of the lead of adjacent transmission unit is 3mm, the geometry of machinery wavelength of the transmitting coil after the coiling is 8mm like this, the dominant frequency range of the ultrasonic surface wave that excites thus will be about 300kHz-400kHz, and this band table ground roll has higher detection sensitivity to rail head 3 tread common deficiencies.Transmitting coil adopts the preferred Φ 0.15mm of Φ 0.08-0.15mm() enameled wire, a coiling of 40 skeining strands in parallel form (i.e. 40 linear skeining strands, and this strand line only in each groove in described 12 grooves through once), so can reduce the transmitting coil impedance, improve emissive power, if and do not adopt this coiling mode of the present invention, in order to reach identical emissive power, single line need be twined many times, become multiturn coil, the total length of line is very big, cause impedance big, thermal losses is just big.
The preferred 40 line parallel coilings of the present invention certainly, the invention is not restricted to this, also can be line (for example, the 20-60 root) coilings in parallel of other quantity.
The coiling mode of receiving coil 9 and transmitting coil 8 are incomplete same in the electromagnetoacoustic probe 2.The same with transmitter unit, a receiving element takies two grooves (these two grooves are called a unit groove), and the position relation of transmitter unit and receiving element is arrangement intersected with each other, as shown in Figure 6.But receiving coil 9 adopts the preferred Φ 0.05mm of Φ 0.05-0.07mm() enameled wire, solid conductor coiling form, the number of turn in unit groove is 40 circles, so can effectively improve the sensitivity of receiving coil 9.
Preparation method for detection of the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave flaw detection transducer of rail head of rail thread defect is described below.
At first, should make skeleton according to mode shown in Figure 3, skeleton is formed by non-metallic material truck system; After skeleton machines, should be according to mode shown in Figure 4 coiling in skeleton, coil adopts the enameled wire coiling.
Secondly, make magnetizing assembly, should make the housing 5 of magnetizing assembly according to mode shown in Figure 2, housing 5 adopts ferromagnetic material to make; After housing 5 completes, should be according to mode shown in Figure 2 coiling line bag 4 on U-shaped iron core 6, line bag 4 adopts the enameled wire coiling.
At last, the magnetizing assembly 1 after completing and electromagnetoacoustic probe 2 are combined according to mode shown in Figure 1, namely constitute the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave flaw detection transducer apparatus of the complete rail head of rail thread defect of a cover.
Using method for detection of the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave flaw detection transducer apparatus of rail tread defective is described below.
As shown in Figure 1, the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave flaw detection transducer apparatus is placed on the detected rail head of rail tread, in the line bag of magnetizing assembly 1, pass to low frequency pulse current, will produce the periodicity steady magnetic field B of a direction and the distribution of rail 3 tread surface axially parallels in tested rail 3 tread surface.In the transmitting coil of electromagnetoacoustic probe 2, pass to simultaneously the high-frequency pulse string electric current I
0, will go out the induction current I of corresponding frequencies at tested rail 3 surface inductions, the direction of electric current I is vertical with the magnetic field B direction.As shown in Figure 2, induction current I will produce Lorentz force F under the effect of steady magnetic field B, and the direction of Lorentz force F is along with the direction of high frequency induction current I changes and changes.The regular change of this power will produce along rail 3 tread surface and axially propagate ultrasonic surface wave, if run into defective, then ultrasonic surface wave is reflected, measure by the electric current that echo is generated in receiving coil, reach the purpose of utilizing electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave to survey the defective in its travel path (rail head of rail 3 tread surface).Wherein, guarantee that preferably time sum that emission, transmission ultrasonic surface wave and the fault location in the measurement range reflect ultrasonic surface wave is at steady of periodical magnetic filed B in the stage.
The invention has the advantages that, unlike traditional piezoelectric supersonic flaw detection, need to use liquid couplant, transducer does not need to contact with detected rail, only can finish the carrying out flaw detection to the rail tread surface in the rail process process of this electromagnet ultrasonic changer.Because what the present invention adopted is the pulse excitation mode, therefore use-pattern is more flexible, it can be installed on the respective rail inspection vehicle, realizes the quick carrying out flaw detection of rail tread surface imperfection, also hand-holdable formula is used, and the rail tread surface imperfection is carried out the off-line carrying out flaw detection.
Purpose for promoting the understanding of principle of the present invention is illustrated the preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing, and has used specific language to describe these embodiment.Yet this specific language is not that intention limits the scope of the invention, and the present invention should be interpreted into and comprise all embodiment that can occur usually for those of ordinary skills.In addition, except negator is described as " requisite " or " key " especially, otherwise there are not element or module that enforcement of the present invention is absolutely necessary.
Though described exemplary embodiment of the present invention above in detail, have common practise person in the technical field of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various modifications, retouching and modification to embodiments of the invention.But should be appreciated that In the view of those skilled in the art these modifications, retouching and modification will fall in the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention that claim limits.
At last, unless point out here or other and the obvious contradiction of context, the step of all methods described herein can be carried out with the order of any appropriate.
Claims (18)
1. electromagnet ultrasonic changer for detection of the rail head of rail thread defect comprises:
Magnetizing assembly, magnetizing assembly comprises two groups of line bags and iron core, two groups of line bags are wound on the two ends of iron core respectively, two groups of line bags are connected in series, every group of line bag by 3-6 wire skeining strand in parallel together coiling form, in parallel between each wire, it is the enameled wire coiling of 0.4-0.8mm that every wire adopts diameter, every equal coiling 30-60 circle, magnetizing assembly produces magnetic field in tested workpiece;
Electromagnetoacoustic probe, have transmitting coil and receiving coil, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current in the transmitting coil, to induce the induction current of same frequency at tested surface of the work, thereby initiation ultrasonic surface wave, the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating at workpiece can reflect from the defective locations of workpiece, and generates electric current in receiving coil;
Wherein, magnetizing assembly and electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the tested workpiece.
2. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 1, wherein,
In the magnetizing assembly every group of line bag by 4 wires skeining strand in parallel together coiling form, it is the enameled wire coiling of 0.6mm that every wire adopts diameter, every equal coiling 50 circles.
3. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 1, wherein,
Electromagnetoacoustic probe also comprises skeleton, and a plurality of grooves are set on the skeleton.
4. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 3, wherein,
Transmitting coil is formed by multiple conducting wires, and a coiling of multiple conducting wires skeining strand in parallel forms, described multiple conducting wires in each groove at most through once.
5. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 3, wherein,
Receiving coil is formed by the solid conductor coiling, and solid conductor surrounds into multiturn in predetermined groove.
6. according to each described electromagnet ultrasonic changer in the claim 3 to 5, wherein,
Skeleton is made of nonmetallic materials.
7. according to each described electromagnet ultrasonic changer among the claim 3-5, wherein,
The position relation of transmitting coil and receiving coil is arrangement interlaced with each other.
8. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
Electromagnetoacoustic probe also comprises skeleton, and skeleton is provided with 24 grooves that are parallel to each other, slot pitch 2mm, groove depth 1mm, groove width 1mm.
9. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 8, wherein,
Transmitting coil adopts 40 enameled wires that diameter is 0.15mm, with their skeining strands in parallel adopt inflection shape mode on skeleton once coiling form, transmitting coil comprises 6 transmitter units, and each transmitter unit takies 2 grooves, and the spacing of the lead of adjacent transmission unit is 3mm.
10. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 9, wherein,
The geometry of machinery wavelength of transmitting coil is 8mm, and the dominant frequency range of the ultrasonic surface wave that excites thus is at 300kHz-400kHz.
11. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 9, wherein,
The frequency of the high-frequency pulse string that feeds in the transmitting coil is in the scope of 100kHz～600kHz, and pulse voltage amplitude is 120V, and the pulse number in every group pulse string is adjustable in 1～10.
12. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 11, wherein,
The frequency of the high-frequency pulse string that feeds in the transmitting coil is in the scope of 300kHz～400kHz.
13. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 8, wherein,
Receiving coil is formed by the solid conductor coiling, and it is the enameled wire of 0.05mm that described lead adopts diameter, and receiving coil comprises 6 receiving elements, and each receiving element takies two grooves, and the number of turn in these two grooves is 40 circles.
14. according to each described electromagnet ultrasonic changer among the claim 1-5, wherein,
When magnetizing assembly was worked, feeding frequency in described two groups of line bags was 10Hz～200Hz low frequency pulse current, and pulse waveform is approximately square wave, and the amplitude of the voltage of described low frequency pulse current is 24V～80V.
15. electromagnet ultrasonic changer according to claim 14, wherein,
The voltage of described low frequency pulse current, frequency and dutycycle should be adjustable continuously.
16. according to each described electromagnet ultrasonic changer among the claim 1-5, wherein,
The magnetic direction that magnetizing assembly produces in tested workpiece is roughly parallel to the direction of propagation of ultrasonic surface wave.
17. according to each described electromagnet ultrasonic changer among the claim 1-5, wherein,
The direction approximate vertical in the magnetic field that the main trend of the lead of transmitting coil and magnetizing assembly produce in tested workpiece.
18. an electromagnet ultrasonic changer comprises:
Magnetizing assembly, magnetizing assembly comprise two groups of line bags and iron core, and two groups of line bags are wound on the two ends of iron core respectively, and magnetizing assembly produces magnetic field in tested workpiece;
Electromagnetoacoustic probe, has transmitting coil, receiving coil and skeleton, 16-28 groove is set on the skeleton, transmitting coil is formed by 20-60 root lead, described 20-60 root lead skeining strand in parallel on skeleton once coiling form, described 20-60 root lead in each groove of skeleton only through once, pass to the high-frequency pulse string electric current in the transmitting coil, to induce the induction current of same frequency at tested surface of the work, thereby initiation ultrasonic surface wave, the ultrasonic surface wave of propagating at workpiece can reflect from the defective locations of workpiece, and generates electric current in receiving coil;
Wherein, magnetizing assembly and electromagnetoacoustic probe are arranged on the tested workpiece.
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| CN110763863A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | Magnetoelectric rotating speed measuring device |
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| CN106824736A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of electromagnetic acoustic Lamb wave transducer based on magnetostriction mechanism |
| CN106824736B (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2019-05-03 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of electromagnetic acoustic Lamb wave energy converter based on magnetostriction mechanism |
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| CN110672718B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-05-24 | 南昌航空大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic point focusing/diverging surface wave method and device for steel rail tread detection |
| CN110530978B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2022-06-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic probe, flaw detection device and flaw detection method for continuous detection of high-temperature casting and forging |
| CN110530978A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-03 | 南昌航空大学 | High temperature forge piece persistently detects electromagnetic ultrasonic probe, failure detector and method of detection |
| CN110763863A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | Magnetoelectric rotating speed measuring device |
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