CN103235046A - One-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and method adopting transducer to detect metal surface defect - Google Patents
One-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and method adopting transducer to detect metal surface defect Download PDFInfo
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- CN103235046A CN103235046A CN2013101690635A CN201310169063A CN103235046A CN 103235046 A CN103235046 A CN 103235046A CN 2013101690635 A CN2013101690635 A CN 2013101690635A CN 201310169063 A CN201310169063 A CN 201310169063A CN 103235046 A CN103235046 A CN 103235046A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a one-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and a method adopting the transducer to detect a metal surface defect, belonging to the field of electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive detection, and specifically relating to an electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and a method for detecting the metal surface defect. The one-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and the method solve the problem that the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer can not detect the surface of a metal the thickness which is more than 30 mm. The one-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer comprises a permanent magnet, a coil I and a coil II, wherein the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet is vertical magnetizing; the one-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer also comprises a detection circuit and an upper computer, wherein a sinusoidal signal output of the detection circuit and a surface wave signal receiving end are connected with one end of the coil I, and the other end of the coil I is connected with the ground; and the other sinusoidal signal output of the detection circuit and the surface wave signal receiving end are connected with one end of the coil II, the other end of the coil II is connected with the ground, and a detection signal output end of the detection circuit is connected with a detection signal input end of the upper computer. The one-way launching electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and the method provided by the invention are applicable to the field of the electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic acoustic Non-Destructive Testing field, be specifically related to a kind of electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and detect the cracks of metal surface method.
Background technology
Electromagnet ultrasonic changer is widely used in Non-Destructive Testing fields such as high-speed and high-temperature owing to having non-contacting characteristic.Electromagnet ultrasonic changer can excite polytype ultrasound wave, comprises surface wave, bulk wave, horizontal trimming guided wave, Lamb wave etc.Different with piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, electromagnet ultrasonic changer excites the ultrasonic signal of generation to have only the microvolt level, far below the signal intensity of piezoelectric supersonic.Wherein, the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer generally adopts loop construction, adopts electromagnet ultrasonic changer to excite the ripple of generation to launch along both sides usually, all is unfavorable for accurately judging the position of defective under the defective situation for the transducer both sides.
Application number is 200510091091.5, denomination of invention has proposed a kind of new electromagnet ultrasonic changer in the patent of " improved main bang recovery emat ", use different electromagnet ultrasonic changer coils to transmit and receive ultrasound wave, shortened the duration of main bang, reduce the coupling between two coils, but do not solved the two-way emission of ultrasound wave and the problem that can't accurately judge the position of defective that causes.
Application number is that the United States Patent (USP) of US4295214 and application number US4408493 discloses ultrasonic shearing wave transducer and directivity ultrasonic transducer respectively, but applying direction owing to magnetic field is horizontal direction, there is not Lorentz force in the test specimen to be measured, has only magnetostrictive force, and the shearing wave that produces can only detect at thin plate, can't detect the surface imperfection of thickness above the sheet metal of 30mm.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has proposed a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer and has adopted this transducer to detect the cracks of metal surface method in order to solve the problem that existing electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer can't carry out defects detection to the metallic surface that thickness surpasses 30mm.
A kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer of the present invention, it comprises permanent magnet, a coil and No. two coils;
The setting that superposes up and down of a coil and No. two coils, and a coil and No. two coils all place under the permanent magnet;
Distance between the head end of the head end of a coil and No. two coils is 1/4 of the sinusoidal signal wavelength that feeds these two coils;
It is characterized in that: the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is for vertically magnetizing;
Unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer also comprises testing circuit and host computer;
Testing circuit comprises radiating circuit, control circuit, data acquisition circuit and receiving circuit;
A sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit is connected an end of a coil with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of a coil, another sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit is connected an end of No. two coils with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of No. two coils, the detection signal output terminal of testing circuit connects the detection signal input end of host computer;
The control signal input end of radiating circuit connects the emissioning controling signal output terminal of control circuit, the collection control signal output terminal of control circuit connects the collection control signal input end of data acquisition circuit, the reception signal output part of receiving circuit connects the reception signal input part of data acquisition circuit, and the collection signal output part of data acquisition circuit connects the collection signal input part of host computer;
A sinusoidal signal output of described radiating circuit is connected an end of a coil with the surface wave signal receiving end, another sinusoidal signal output of radiating circuit is connected No. two coil one end with the surface wave signal receiving end;
Adopt a kind of method of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer detection cracks of metal surface, the concrete steps of this method:
Step 1, metalwork to be measured placed the below of a coil and No. two coils;
Step 6, host computer are according to the surface wave transmission speed of the length of a coil and No. two coils, this metalwork correspondence and collect time of surface wave, calculate the defective locations on metalwork surface and the horizontal range between the coil, finish the measurement of metalwork surface imperfection.
The present invention uses the unidirectional emission of the surface wave of sinusoidal wave superposition principle realization, simultaneously the surface wave that makes the stack side launch again has and is twice in original amplitude, the performance of surface wave is obviously improved, improved the defects detection ability, when transducer places on all defective metalworks of both sides, can accurately judge defective locations, realize that the metallic surface defectives such as aluminium sheet, iron plate, pipeline and rail that thickness surpassed 30mm detect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the coil of electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer of a kind of unidirectional emission of the present invention and the position of permanent magnet concern synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is two amplitudes and the equal stack synoptic diagram of identical sinusoidal signal of phase place;
Fig. 3 is the stack synoptic diagram of the opposite sinusoidal signal of two amplitude same phases;
Fig. 4 is the concrete electrical schematics of testing circuit;
Fig. 5 is that the position of a coil and No. two coils concerns synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is used for the work synoptic diagram of defects detection and the signal schematic representation that receives for existing two-way emission electromagnet ultrasonic changer;
Fig. 7 is used for the work synoptic diagram of defects detection and the signal schematic representation that receives for unidirectional emission surface wave ultrasonic transducer.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate present embodiment, the described a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer of present embodiment, and it comprises permanent magnet 1, coil 2 and No. two coils (3);
The setting that superposes up and down of a coil 2 and No. two coils 3, and coil 2 and No. two coils (3) all place under the permanent magnet 1;
Distance between the head end of the head end of a coil 2 and No. two coils 3 is 1/4 of the sinusoidal signal wavelength that feeds these two coils;
It is characterized in that: the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 1 is for vertically magnetizing;
Unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer also comprises testing circuit 4 and host computer 5;
A sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit 4 is connected an end of a coil 2 with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of a coil 2, another sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit 4 is connected an end of No. two coils 3 with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of No. two coils, the detection signal output terminal of testing circuit 4 connects the detection signal input end of host computer 5;
The control signal input end of radiating circuit 4-1 connects the emissioning controling signal output terminal of control circuit 4-2, the collection control signal output terminal of control circuit 4-2 connects the collection control signal input end of data acquisition circuit 4-3, the reception signal output part of receiving circuit 4-4 connects the reception signal input part of data acquisition circuit 4-3, and the collection signal output part of data acquisition circuit 4-3 connects the collection signal input part of host computer 5;
The sinusoidal signal output of described radiating circuit 4-1 is connected an end of a coil 2 with the surface wave signal receiving end, another sinusoidal signal output of radiating circuit is connected No. two coil 3 one ends with the surface wave signal receiving end.
Distance in the present embodiment between the head end of the head end of a coil 2 and No. two coils 3 is 1/4 of the sinusoidal signal wavelength that feeds these two coils; As shown in Figure 5, λ represents to feed the sinusoidal signal wavelength of these two coils among Fig. 5.
The described electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer of present embodiment utilizes sinusoidal wave stack and the principle of counteracting according to hyperacoustic superposition principle, and during 180 ° of the phase phasic differences of the sine wave that equates when the two-way amplitude, two row are sinusoidal wave with the phenomenon that occurs cancelling out each other; Otherwise when two row amplitudes equate sinusoidal wave synchronous the time, the two will occur the phenomenon that superposes each other, namely the two will be superposed to the sine wave that an amplitude is equivalent to two times of former amplitudes.The stack of its sine wave and counteracting are as shown in Figures 2 and 3, stack and principle of cancellation based on above-mentioned sine wave, in order to make surface wave only propagate to a direction, the transmitting coil of design electromagnet ultrasonic changer, make surface wave increase because of the superposition phenomenon amplitude in a side of probe, then cancel out each other at opposite side.Use two identical coils to be superimposed, the high frequency that passes to same amplitude and frequency in two coils triggers tone signal, and 90 ° of phase phasic differences, so both realized the unidirectional emission of surface wave, the surface wave that makes the stack side launch again simultaneously has and is twice in original amplitude, the performance of surface wave is obviously improved, improved the defects detection ability greatly.In order to reach better Overlay, the sinusoidal signal of coil need guarantee to have identical amplitude as far as possible, and by controlling the phase differential that this two-way drives signal, obtains desired unidirectional emission circuit.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 5, present embodiment is further specifying embodiment one described a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer, a described coil 2 is identical with No. two coil 3 length, and the spacing of adjacent wires part is 1/2 of excitating surface wave-wave length in each coil.
Embodiment three: present embodiment detects the cracks of metal surface method, the concrete steps of this method for utilizing embodiment one described a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer:
Step 1, metalwork to be measured placed the below of a coil 2 and No. two coils 3;
Step 6, host computer 5 are according to the surface wave transmission speed of the length of a coil 2 and No. two coils 3, this metalwork correspondence and collect time of surface wave, calculate the defective locations on metalwork surface and the horizontal range between the coil, finish the measurement of metalwork surface imperfection.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is embodiment three described a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducers to be detected the cracks of metal surface method further specify, and the repetition period of the sine pulse signal emission described in the step 2 is 20ms.
When adopting existing electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer because single coil excites the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave of generation to propagate along the transducer both sides, when electromagnet ultrasonic changer places both sides all on the defective metal specimen, have only the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer of single coil can receive two echoes, and place both sides all during defective metal specimen when described unidirectional emission electromagnet ultrasonic changer, then can only receive the flaw echo on the ultrasound wave stack direction, and the signal that the unidirectional emission transducer produces is better than common double to the electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave of emission.Its existing transducer and transducer of the present invention be used for the work synoptic diagram of defects detection and the signal that receives as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.Contrast by two figure as can be seen, electromagnet ultrasonic changer of the present invention can be realized the purpose of unidirectional emission, and this transducer can promote the signal intensity of ultrasound emission, can be used for accurately detecting in the measurement of defective locations.
Claims (4)
1. unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer, it comprises permanent magnet (1), a coil (2) and No. two coils (3);
The setting that superpose up and down of a coil (2) and No. two coils (3), and a coil (2) and No. two coils (3) all place under the permanent magnet (1);
Distance between the head end of the head end of a coil (2) and No. two coils (3) is 1/4 of the sinusoidal signal wavelength that feeds these two coils;
It is characterized in that: the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet (1) is for vertically magnetizing;
Unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer also comprises testing circuit (4) and host computer (5);
Testing circuit (4) comprises radiating circuit (4-1), control circuit (4-2), data acquisition circuit (4-3) and receiving circuit (4-4);
A sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit (4) is connected an end of a coil (2) with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of a coil (2), another sinusoidal signal output of testing circuit (4) is connected an end of No. two coils (3) with the surface wave signal receiving end, the other end ground connection of No. two coils, the detection signal output terminal of testing circuit (4) connects the detection signal input end of host computer (5);
The control signal input end of radiating circuit (4-1) connects the emissioning controling signal output terminal of control circuit (4-2), the collection control signal output terminal of control circuit (4-2) connects the collection control signal input end of data acquisition circuit (4-3), the reception signal output part of receiving circuit (4-4) connects the reception signal input part of data acquisition circuit (4-3), and the collection signal output part of data acquisition circuit (4-3) connects the collection signal input part of host computer (5);
A sinusoidal signal output of described radiating circuit (4-1) is connected an end of a coil (2) with the surface wave signal receiving end, another sinusoidal signal output of radiating circuit is connected No. two coil (3) one ends with the surface wave signal receiving end.
2. a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, a described coil (2) is identical with No. two coils (3) length, in each coil the spacing of adjacent wires part be the radiating circuit sinusoidal signal of launching wavelength 1/2.
3. utilize claim 1 unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer to detect the method for cracks of metal surface, it is characterized in that the concrete steps of this method:
Step 1, metalwork to be measured placed the below of a coil (2) and No. two coils (3);
Step 2, control circuit (4-2) control radiating circuit (4-1) feed the sine pulse signal respectively to a coil (2) and No. two coils (3), make permanent magnet (1) produce the magnetic field of vertical direction; The amplitude of the described sine pulse signal that feeds to a coil (2) and No. two coils (3) is identical, phase phasic difference 90 degree;
Step 3, produce at permanent magnet (1) under the effect in magnetic field of vertical direction, the upper surface of metalwork to be measured produces the unidirectional surface wave of propagating along this metalwork surface;
The unidirectional surface wave that produces in step 4, an employing coil (2) and No. two coils (3) the difference receiving step three, and input to receiving circuit (4-4);
Step 5, employing data acquisition circuit (4-3) are gathered the surface wave that receiving circuit (4-4) receives, and are sent to host computer;
Step 6, host computer (5) are according to the surface wave transmission speed of the length of a coil (2) and No. two coils (3), this metalwork correspondence and collect time of surface wave, calculate the defective locations on metalwork surface and the horizontal range between the coil, finish the measurement of metalwork surface imperfection.
4. a kind of unidirectional emission electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave transducer according to claim 3 detects the method for defective metal surface, it is characterized in that, the repetition period of the sine pulse signal emission described in the step 2 is 20ms.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106053614A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-26 | 重庆大学 | Improved electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of LCL resonance circuit and component parameter design method thereof |
| CN107843654A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | In-service electromagnet ultrasonic changer integrity detecting system |
| CN107941902A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of high-efficiency electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for using stacking silicon steel sheet as backboard |
| CN108490079A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of beam-forming method based on ultrasonic transducer |
| CN110118817A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Conducting wire testing apparatus and its detection method |
| CN110333291A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-15 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of adjustable electromagnet ultrasonic changer of SV wave deflection angle and its design method |
| CN110548664A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Variable-mode magnetic concentrator type lamb wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer |
| CN110702789A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107941902A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of high-efficiency electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for using stacking silicon steel sheet as backboard |
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| CN108490079A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of beam-forming method based on ultrasonic transducer |
| CN110548664A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Variable-mode magnetic concentrator type lamb wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer |
| CN110548664B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Variable-mode magnetic concentrator type lamb wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer |
| CN110118817A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Conducting wire testing apparatus and its detection method |
| CN110333291A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-15 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of adjustable electromagnet ultrasonic changer of SV wave deflection angle and its design method |
| CN110333291B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-06-12 | 湖北工业大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer with adjustable SV wave deflection angle and design method thereof |
| CN110702789A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |