CN103332108B - A kind of two shift power drive system systems of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system - Google Patents
A kind of two shift power drive system systems of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103332108B CN103332108B CN201310301920.2A CN201310301920A CN103332108B CN 103332108 B CN103332108 B CN 103332108B CN 201310301920 A CN201310301920 A CN 201310301920A CN 103332108 B CN103332108 B CN 103332108B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two shift power drive system systems of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system.Comprise drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers, the gearshift of tape synchronizer, diff, left half axle and right axle shaft, wherein two grades of planet gear train speed changers be by first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system in series, drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff become one, and drive motor, the axis of two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff three is on same straight line, by the gearshift of tape synchronizer, realize low-grade, the smooth-going switching of top grade and neutral gear, a kind of two shift power drive system systems aiming at the integrated form planet circular system of pure electric automobile design of the present invention, design is unique, compact conformation, driving efficiency is high, be convenient to arrangement and lightweight, take into account car load dynamic property, the requirement of economy and traveling comfort, thus be conducive to Industry Promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power transmission system for electric vehicle, specifically relate to a kind of two shift power drive system systems of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system, belong to electric powered motor transmission technique field.
Background technology
In order to solve the energy and the environmental issue in the world, the research and development of electronlmobil have become the focus of automobile industry development and research.In view of pure electric vehicle power transmission system major part (drive motor, change-speed box and diff) lacks unified design arrangement in R&D process, cause that power transmission system structure is complicated, bulky, weight increases, system dispersion, cost be higher, be unfavorable for its development and industrialization, by drive motor, change-speed box, the integrated inevitable choice being pure electric automobile and developing of diff.Current electronlmobil integrated form power drive system many employings parallel shafts export structure, this structure realizes simple, technology maturation, but drive motor diff relative to change-speed box and semiaxis eccentric setting, bring very large difficulty to the layout design of power drive system.In addition, current pure electric automobile or employing fuel-engined vehicle automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter, make drive system structure complicated, complete vehicle quality increases, and reduces energy utilization efficiency, or adopts the retarder of single fixed speed ratio, drive motor is made usually to be operated in low efficiency district, car load continual mileage reduces, and is difficult to the requirement taking into account car load dynamic property and economy, is not still applicable to the integrated variable speed drive system of pure electric automobile.
Patent CN102616134A discloses a kind of pure electric automobile integrated driving device, and this device will drive, slow down, box of tricks is integrated, decrease volume, improve space availability ratio.This device adopts the double planet wheel rows of mixing gear reduction of one grade of fixed speed ratio, is difficult to take into account car load maximum speed and max. climb slope, and the requirement of dynamic property and economy.
Patent CN102555794A discloses a kind of planetary gear train variable speed driving system of electric automobile, comprises drive motor, power-transfer clutch, planet circular system speed-changing mechanism, diff, reduction gear mechanism and wheel.The main shaft of this system drive motor, planet circular system speed-changing mechanism, diff is positioned on the same straight line parallel with wheel axis, realizes two grades of speed changes by clutch driving case from the different fit forms of two clutch driven discs.But this system planet circular system speed-changing mechanism and reduction gear organizational separation, and be parallel shafts structure, power transmission line is long, and add the complexity of this body structure of drive system, volume size is large.
Patent CN102259588A discloses integrated driving device for electric automobile, and this device is made up of change-speed box, retarder, diff and shared aluminum alloy casing and gearshift, adopts synchro to complete transforming gear, does not need power-transfer clutch to make designs simplification.But its speed-changing mechanism is parallel shafts structure, there is oad large, make troubles to the layout of car load.
Therefore, in view of the difference of drive motor characteristic and fuel engines characteristic, need to provide a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form two shift power drive system to unite, make it in time can not only carry out smooth-going gear shift according to the subjective wishes of vehicle condition, road conditions and chaufeur, and drive motor can be kept to be in the high work area of efficiency, give full play to the advantage of electric automobile energy saving environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
For solving defect or the deficiency of the existence of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of two shift power drive systems systems of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff become one.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Two shift power drive system turnkeys of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention draw together drive motor, change-speed box, the gearshift of tape synchronizer, diff, left half axle and right axle shaft, and the mouth of the output shaft of drive motor extends electric machine casing outside; Diff comprises differential gear box, planet wheel spindle, differential spider wheel, left half axle gear, right axle shaft gear, be respectively equipped with two differential spider wheels by planet wheel spindle between left half axle gear and right axle shaft gear, the two ends of planet wheel spindle are located on differential gear box respectively.
Change-speed box of the present invention is by first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system two grades of planet gear train speed changers in series, comprises the case of transmission of cylindrical tube.
The output shaft of described drive motor is hollow shaft, the overhanging end of described output shaft is fixed with first order sun wheel, correspondingly with first order sun wheel be provided with first order gear ring, described first order gear ring is located in one end of case of transmission, is coordinated be provided with three first order satellite gears between first order sun wheel and first order gear ring by first order pinion carrier; First order sun wheel, first order gear ring, first order pinion carrier and three first order satellite gears form first order planet circular system; Three first order satellite gears are positioned at the axial side of first order pinion carrier, the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier is the first tubular axis, first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier, as the output shaft of first order planet circular system, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier is provided with second stage sun wheel by spline fitted; Correspondingly with second stage sun wheel be provided with second stage gear ring; Coordinated by second stage pinion carrier between second stage sun wheel and second stage gear ring and be provided with three second stage satellite gears, second stage sun wheel, second stage gear ring, second stage pinion carrier and three second stage satellite gears form second stage planet circular system; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system two grades of planet gear train speed changers in series; Three second stage satellite gears are positioned at the axial side of second stage pinion carrier, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier is the second tubular axis, and the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; The axial side of described second stage gear ring is the 3rd tubular axis, and described 3rd pipe sleeve is located on the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, and namely the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is through the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system are all positioned at case of transmission, one end of the case of transmission corresponding with first order gear ring is connected to the casing end face of drive motor, the other end of case of transmission is provided with end cap, and described 3rd tubular axis and the second tubular axis all extend end cap outside; First engages gear ring is located on case of transmission end cap, second engages gear ring is set on the second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro engaged between gear ring and the second joint gear ring is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprises baulk ring, sliding hub, slide block and splined hub; 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring is connected to splined hub by spline fitted; Coordinate with synchro and be provided with control fork; Second the second tubular axis engaging the second stage pinion carrier outside gear ring differential gear box by spline joint, left half axle and right axle shaft is provided with in differential gear box, left half axle is through the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier and drive motor axle, and be connected with vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft is connected with vehicle right side wheel, and left half axle and right axle shaft are coaxially, left half axle gear is located on left half axle, and right axle shaft gear is located on right axle shaft; The axis of the axis of the output shaft of drive motor, the axis of two grades of planet gear train speed changers and the left half axle of diff and right axle shaft is on same straight line.
The radial reinforcement gusset being provided with ring-type in the middle part of case of transmission between first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system, to support the drive disk assembly in change-speed box.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
1. the present invention integrates drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff, and the axis of drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff three is on same straight line, compared with the power drive system split with power part, integrated level is high, drive path is short, volume is little and quality light, and is conducive to design arrangement and the lightweight of car load;
2. the present invention adopts two grades of planet circular system speed-changing mechanisms, smooth-going switching that is low-grade, high-grade and neutral gear is realized by the gearshift of tape synchronizer, eliminate the main gear reducer structure in orthodox car drive axle, compact conformation, quality are light, stability of rotation, compared with the electric automobile gear mechanism of one grade of fixed speed ratio, car load dynamic property, drive motor efficiency, electrokinetic cell life-span can be improved and extend car load continual mileage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is low grade of the present invention (I grade) view.
Fig. 3 is top grade of the present invention (II grade) view.
Fig. 4 is neutral state schematic diagram of the present invention.
Sequence number in upper figure: 1. drive motor, 2. output shaft, 3. first order sun wheel, 4. first order pinion carrier, 5
.first order satellite gear, 6. first order gear ring, 7. second stage sun wheel, 8. second stage satellite gear, 9. second stage pinion carrier, 10. second stage gear ring, 11. first engage gear ring, 12. control forks, 13. baulk rings, 14. sliding hubs, 15. slide blocks, 16. splined hub, 17. second engage gear ring, 18. differential gear boxs, 19. planet wheel spindles, 20. differential spider wheels, 21. right axle shaft gears, 22. right axle shafts, 23. left half axle gears, 24. left half axles, 25. case of transmissiones.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, a kind of two shift power drive system turnkeys of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system draw together drive motor 1, two grades of planet gear train speed changers, the gearshift of tape synchronizer, diff, left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22.Diff comprises differential gear box 18, planet wheel spindle 19, differential spider wheel 20, left half axle gear 23, right axle shaft gear 21, be respectively equipped with two differential spider wheels 20 by planet wheel spindle 19 between left half axle gear 23 and right axle shaft gear 21, the two ends of planet wheel spindle 19 are located on differential gear box 18 respectively.
As seen from Figure 1, the output shaft 2 of drive motor 1 is hollow shaft, and the mouth of output shaft 2 extends electric machine casing outside; The overhanging end of output shaft 2 is installed with first order sun wheel 3, correspondingly with first order sun wheel 3 be provided with first order gear ring 6, first order gear ring 6 is located in one end of case of transmission 25 of cylindrical tube, is coordinated be provided with three first order satellite gears 5 between first order sun wheel 3 and first order gear ring 6 by first order pinion carrier 4; First order sun wheel 3, first order gear ring 6, first order pinion carrier 4 and three first order satellite gears 5 form first order planet circular system.Three first order satellite gears 5 are positioned at the axial side of first order pinion carrier 4, and the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier 4 is the first tubular axis; First tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4, as the output shaft of first order planet circular system, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4 is provided with second stage sun wheel 7 by spline fitted; Correspondingly with second stage sun wheel 7 be provided with second stage gear ring 10; Coordinated by second stage pinion carrier 9 between second stage sun wheel 7 and second stage gear ring 10 and be provided with three second stage satellite gears 8, second stage sun wheel 7, second stage gear ring 10, second stage pinion carrier 9 and three second stage satellite gears 8 form second stage planet circular system; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system two grades of planet gear train speed changers in series.Three second stage satellite gears 8 are positioned at the axial side of second stage pinion carrier 9, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier 9 is the second tubular axis, and the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9 is as the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; The axial side of second stage gear ring 10 is the 3rd tubular axis, and the 3rd pipe sleeve is located on the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9, and namely the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9 is through the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system are all positioned at case of transmission 25, one end of the case of transmission 25 of first order gear ring 6 side is connected to the casing end face of drive motor 1, the other end of case of transmission 25 is provided with end cap, and the 3rd tubular axis and the second tubular axis all extend end cap outside; First engages gear ring 11 is located on case of transmission 25 end cap, second engages gear ring 17 is set on the second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro engaged between gear ring 11 and the second joint gear ring 17 is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprise baulk ring 13, sliding hub 14, slide block 15 and splined hub 16, the 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 is connected to splined hub 16 by spline fitted; Coordinate with synchro and control fork 12 is installed; Second the second tubular axis engaging the second stage pinion carrier 9 outside gear ring 17 differential gear box 18 by spline joint; Left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 is provided with in differential gear box 18, left half axle 24 is through the output shaft 2 of the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4 and drive motor, and be connected with vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft 22 is connected with vehicle right side wheel, and left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 coaxial, left half axle gear 23 is installed on left half axle 24, and right axle shaft gear 21 is installed on right axle shaft 22; The axis of the output shaft 2 of drive motor 1, the axis of two grades of planet gear train speed changers and the left half axle 24 of diff and the axis of right axle shaft 22 are on same straight line.
The radial reinforcement gusset being provided with ring-type in the middle part of case of transmission 25 between first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system, to support the drive disk assembly in change-speed box.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Unite for actual development type pure electric automobile two shift power drive system, two shift power drive systems systems of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention eliminate the main gear reducer structure etc. in orthodox car transmission system in power-transfer clutch and drive axle, I grade of transmitting ratio is 10.2, II grade of transmitting ratio is that the number of teeth of 3.4, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and each transmission gear of diff is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 gear table of gear tooth number
When drive motor 1 drives first order sun wheel 3 to rotate, two grades of planet gear train speed changers stir sliding hub 14 by control fork 12, under slide block 15 and baulk ring 13 combined action, engage gear ring 11, second respectively to engage gear ring 17 engage with first, realize smooth-going switching that is low-grade, high-grade and neutral gear, and power is passed to differential gear box 18, drive left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 to rotate, and then drive vehicle to realize low speed driving, run at high speed, brake, move backward and trailer operating condition.
A kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention two shift power drive systems system at low speed driving, run at high speed, brake the operating modes such as traveling, reverse travel and trailer traveling under working process be:
1., when vehicle start and climbing low speed driving, two shift power drive system systems of integrated form planet circular system are in low grade (I) running state.By control fork 12 stir sliding hub 14 to low grade first engage gear ring 11 move, namely sliding hub 14 slides left, completes engage a gear, as shown in Figure 2.Drive motor 1 exports corresponding torque and rotational speed, and drives vehicle to realize low speed driving through two grades of planet gear train speed changers, differential gear box 18 and left half axle 24, right axle shaft 22.Its power transfer path is:
Sun wheel 7 → second stage, output shaft 2 → first order sun wheel 3 → first order pinion carrier 4 → second stage pinion carrier 9 → differential gear box 18 → left half axle 24 of drive motor 1, right axle shaft 22 → left and right wheel;
Now second stage gear ring 10 engages gear ring 11 by the sliding hub 14 and first of synchro and engages, it is connecting element that cause first engages gear ring 11 affixed with case of transmission 25 end cap, the rotating speed of the 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 is zero, so time two grades of planet gear train speed changers transmitting ratio can be expressed as:
（1）
Z in formula
a1the number of teeth of-first order sun wheel 3; Z
b1the number of teeth of-first order gear ring 6; Z
a2the number of teeth of-second stage sun wheel 7; Z
b2the number of teeth of-second stage gear ring 10;
2., during high vehicle speeds, two shift power drive system systems of integrated form planet circular system are in top grade (II) running state.By control fork 12 stir sliding hub 14 to top grade second engage gear ring 17 move, namely sliding hub 14 slide to the right, complete engage a gear, as shown in Figure 3.Drive motor 1 exports corresponding torque and rotational speed, and drives vehicle to realize running at high speed through two grades of planet gear train speed changers, differential gear box 18 and left half axle 24, right axle shaft 22.Its power transfer path is:
Sun wheel 7 → second stage, output shaft 2 → first order sun wheel 3 → first order pinion carrier 4 → second stage pinion carrier 9 → differential gear box 18 → left half axle 24 of drive motor 1, right axle shaft 22 → left and right wheel;
Now second stage gear ring 10 engages gear ring 17 by the sliding hub 14 and second of synchro and engages, 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 and the second tubular axis locking of second stage pinion carrier 9 and integral-rotation, and with the first tubular axis synchronous rotary of first order pinion carrier 4, so time two keep off planet gear train speed changer transmitting ratio can be expressed as:
（2）
3., when Brake energy recovery, two shift power drive system systems of integrated form planet circular system are in low grade (I) running state.Power transfer path is identical with low speed driving operating mode, and as shown in Figure 2, drive motor 1 is in generating state, realizes energy regenerating;
4., during reversing low speed driving, two shift power drive systems systems of integrated form planet circular system are in low grade (I) running state, and as shown in Figure 2, now drive motor 1 reverses, and realizes vehicle backing and travels;
5. when vehicle et out of order in operational process needs to tow, now drive motor 1 freedom of entry mode state.Drive sliding hub 14 to move axially by control fork 12, complete and pluck neutral gear separation, make each parts be in separate state, and power-off, the trailer realized under neutral state travels, as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (2)
1. two shift power drive systems systems of a pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system, comprise drive motor, change-speed box, the gearshift of tape synchronizer, diff, left half axle and right axle shaft, the mouth of the output shaft of drive motor extends electric machine casing outside; Diff comprises differential gear box, planet wheel spindle, differential spider wheel, left half axle gear, right axle shaft gear, two differential spider wheels are respectively equipped with by planet wheel spindle between left half axle gear and right axle shaft gear, the two ends of planet wheel spindle are located on differential gear box respectively, it is characterized in that: described change-speed box is by first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system two grades of planet gear train speed changers in series, comprises the case of transmission of cylindrical tube;
The output shaft of described drive motor is hollow shaft, the overhanging end of described output shaft is fixed with first order sun wheel, correspondingly with first order sun wheel be provided with first order gear ring, described first order gear ring is located in one end of case of transmission, is coordinated be provided with three first order satellite gears between first order sun wheel and first order gear ring by first order pinion carrier; First order sun wheel, first order gear ring, first order pinion carrier and three first order satellite gears form first order planet circular system; Three first order satellite gears are positioned at the axial side of first order pinion carrier, the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier is the first tubular axis, first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier, as the output shaft of first order planet circular system, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier is provided with second stage sun wheel by spline fitted; Correspondingly with second stage sun wheel be provided with second stage gear ring; Coordinated by second stage pinion carrier between second stage sun wheel and second stage gear ring and be provided with three second stage satellite gears, second stage sun wheel, second stage gear ring, second stage pinion carrier and three second stage satellite gears form second stage planet circular system; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system two grades of planet gear train speed changers in series; Three second stage satellite gears are positioned at the axial side of second stage pinion carrier, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier is the second tubular axis, and the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; The axial side of described second stage gear ring is the 3rd tubular axis, and described 3rd pipe sleeve is located on the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, and namely the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is through the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system are all positioned at case of transmission, one end of the case of transmission corresponding with first order gear ring is connected to the casing end face of drive motor, the other end of case of transmission is provided with end cap, and described 3rd tubular axis and the second tubular axis all extend end cap outside; First engages gear ring is located on case of transmission end cap, second engages gear ring is set on the second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro engaged between gear ring and the second joint gear ring is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprises baulk ring, sliding hub, slide block and splined hub; 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring is connected to splined hub by spline fitted; Coordinate with synchro and be provided with control fork; Second the second tubular axis engaging the second stage pinion carrier outside gear ring differential gear box by spline joint, left half axle and right axle shaft is provided with in differential gear box, left half axle is through the second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, the first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier and drive motor axle, and be connected with vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft is connected with vehicle right side wheel, and left half axle and right axle shaft are coaxially, left half axle gear is located on left half axle, and right axle shaft gear is located on right axle shaft; The axis of the axis of the output shaft of drive motor, the axis of two grades of planet gear train speed changers and the left half axle of diff and right axle shaft is on same straight line.
2. two shift power drive system systems of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radial reinforcement gusset being provided with ring-type in the middle part of the case of transmission between first order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system, to support the drive disk assembly in change-speed box.
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| CN101196235A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control device for vehicle drive system |
| US7762366B2 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2010-07-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Axle drive unit for a hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN101886696A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2010-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Differential and integral type differential power coupling device |
| CN102182801A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-09-14 | 苏州安远新能源动力有限公司 | Two-gear automatic transmission of planet wheel type electric automobile |
| CN202507926U (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-10-31 | 中国汽车技术研究中心 | Pure-electromobile driving device |
| CN203331824U (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Two-gear power transmission system of integrated planetary gear train of pure electric vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4513492B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2010-07-28 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Differential device and vehicle driving force transmission unit using the same |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101196235A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control device for vehicle drive system |
| US7762366B2 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2010-07-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Axle drive unit for a hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN101886696A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2010-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Differential and integral type differential power coupling device |
| CN102182801A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-09-14 | 苏州安远新能源动力有限公司 | Two-gear automatic transmission of planet wheel type electric automobile |
| CN202507926U (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-10-31 | 中国汽车技术研究中心 | Pure-electromobile driving device |
| CN203331824U (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Two-gear power transmission system of integrated planetary gear train of pure electric vehicle |
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| CN103332108A (en) | 2013-10-02 |
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