CN103332108A - Two-gear power transmission system for BEV integrated planetary gear train - Google Patents
Two-gear power transmission system for BEV integrated planetary gear train Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a two-gear power transmission system for a BEV (Blade Electric Vehicle) integrated planetary gear train, which comprises a driving motor, a two-gear planetary gear train transmission, a gear shift mechanism with a synchronizer, a differential device, a left half shaft and a right half shaft, wherein the two-gear planetary gear train transmission is formed by the series connection of a first stage planetary gear train and a second stage planetary gear train; the driving motor, the two-gear planetary gear train transmission and the differential device are integrated into a whole; the axes of the driving motor, the two-gear planetary gear train transmission and the differential device are on the same straight line; the low gear, high gear and neutral position can be switched smoothly through the gear shift mechanism with the synchronizer. According to the two-gear power transmission system of the integrated planetary gear train, specially designed for the BEV, the design is unique, the structure is compact, the transmission efficiency is high, the finished automobile arrangement and the light weight are facilitated, the requirements for finished automobile dynamic property, economy and comfort are taken into account, so that the industrialization popularization are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric powered motor driving system, specifically relate to a kind of two shift power drive systems system of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system, belong to the electric powered motor transmission technique field.
Background technology
For the energy and the environmental issue that solve the world, the research and development of electronlmobil have become the focus of automobile industry development and research.In view of pure electric automobile power drive system major part (drive motor, change-speed box and diff) lacks unified design arrangement in R﹠D process, cause power transmission system structure complexity, bulky, weight to increase, system disperses, cost is higher, be unfavorable for its development and industrialization, with drive motor, change-speed box, diff integrated be the inevitable choice of pure electric automobile development.Electronlmobil integrated form power drive system adopts the parallel shafts export structure more at present, this structure realizes simple, technology maturation arranges but the relative diff with change-speed box of drive motor and semiaxis are eccentric, brings very big difficulty for the layout design of power drive system.In addition, present pure electric automobile or employing fuel-engined vehicle automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter, make the drive system structure complexity, complete vehicle quality increases, and has reduced energy utilization efficiency, perhaps adopts the retarder of single fixed speed ratio, make drive motor usually be operated in the low efficiency district, the car load continual mileage reduces, and is difficult to take into account the requirement of car load dynamic property and economy, still is not applicable to the integrated variable speed drive system of pure electric automobile.
Patent CN102616134A discloses a kind of pure electric automobile integrated driving device, and this device is integrated with driving, deceleration, box of tricks, has reduced volume, has improved space availability ratio.This device adopts the double planet wheel rows of mixing gear reduction of one grade of fixed speed ratio, is difficult to take into account car load maximum speed and max. climb slope, and the requirement of dynamic property and economy.
Patent CN102555794A discloses a kind of electronlmobil planet circular system variable speed drive system, comprises drive motor, power-transfer clutch, planet circular system speed-changing mechanism, diff, reducing gear transmission device and wheel.The main shaft of this system drive motor, planet circular system speed-changing mechanism, diff is positioned on same the straight line parallel with wheel axis, realizes two grades of speed changes by clutch driving case with the different fit forms of two clutch driven discs.But this system's planet circular system speed-changing mechanism separates with the reducing gear transmission device, and is the parallel shafts structure, and power transmission line is long, has increased the complexity of this body structure of drive system, and volume size is big.
Patent CN102259588A discloses the integrated actuating device of electronlmobil, and this device is made up of change-speed box, retarder, diff and shared aluminum alloy casing and gearshift, adopts synchro to finish transforming gear, does not need power-transfer clutch to make designs simplification.But its speed-changing mechanism is the parallel shafts structure, and it is big to exist oad, makes troubles for the layout of car load.
Therefore, different in view of drive motor characteristic and fuel engines characteristic, a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form two shift power drive systems system need be provided, make it not only can be in time carry out smooth-going gear shift according to the subjective wishes of vehicle condition, road conditions and chaufeur, and can keep drive motor to be in the high work area of efficient, give full play to the electronlmobil advantages of energy saving and environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
For solving defective or the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of two shift power drive systems system of the pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system that drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff are become one.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Two shift power drive system turnkeys of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention are drawn together gearshift, diff, left half axle and the right axle shaft of drive motor, change-speed box, tape synchronizer, and the mouth of the output shaft of drive motor extends the electric machine casing outside; Diff comprises differential gear box, planet wheel spindle, diff satellite gear, left half axle gear, right axle shaft gear, be respectively equipped with two diff satellite gears by planet wheel spindle between left half axle gear and the right axle shaft gear, the two ends of planet wheel spindle are located on the differential gear box respectively.
Change-speed box of the present invention is two grades of planet gear train speed changers that are made of first order planet circular system and the series connection of second stage planet circular system, comprises the case of transmission of cylindrical tube.
The output shaft of described drive motor is hollow shaft, be fixed with first order sun wheel on the overhanging end of described output shaft, the corresponding first order gear ring that is provided with first order sun wheel, described first order gear ring is located in the end of case of transmission, is provided with three first order satellite gears by the cooperation of first order pinion carrier between first order sun wheel and the first order gear ring; First order sun wheel, first order gear ring, first order pinion carrier and three first order satellite gears constitute first order planet circular system; Three first order satellite gears are positioned at an axial side of first order pinion carrier, the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier is first tubular axis, first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier is provided with second stage sun wheel by spline fitted as the output shaft of first order planet circular system on first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier; The corresponding second stage gear ring that is provided with second stage sun wheel; Be provided with three second stage satellite gears by the cooperation of second stage pinion carrier between second stage sun wheel and the second stage gear ring, second stage sun wheel, second stage gear ring, second stage pinion carrier and three second stage satellite gears constitute second stage planet circular system; First order planet circular system and the series connection of second stage planet circular system constitute two grades of planet gear train speed changers; Three second stage satellite gears are positioned at an axial side of second stage pinion carrier, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier is second tubular axis, and second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; An axial side of described second stage gear ring is the 3rd tubular axis, and described the 3rd pipe sleeve is located on second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, and namely second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier passes the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system all are positioned at case of transmission, one end of the case of transmission corresponding with first order gear ring is connecting the casing end face of drive motor, the other end of case of transmission is provided with end cap, and described the 3rd tubular axis and second tubular axis all extend the end cap outside; First engages gear ring is located on the case of transmission end cap, second engages gear ring is set on second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro that engages between gear ring and the second joint gear ring is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprises baulk ring, sliding hub, slide block and splined hub; The 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring is connecting splined hub by spline fitted; Cooperate with synchro and to be provided with control fork; Second second tubular axis that engages the second stage pinion carrier in the gear ring outside is connecting differential gear box by spline, be provided with left half axle and right axle shaft in the differential gear box, left half axle passes second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, first tubular axis and the drive motor axle of first order pinion carrier, and be connected with the vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft is connected with the vehicle right side wheels, and left half axle and right axle shaft are coaxial, and left half axle gear is located on the left half axle, and the right axle shaft gear is located on the right axle shaft; The axis of the axis of the axis of the output shaft of drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and the left half axle of diff and right axle shaft is on same straight line.
Case of transmission middle part between first order planet circular system and the second stage planet circular system radially is provided with the reinforcement gusset of ring-type, to support the drive disk assembly in the change-speed box.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is:
1. to collect drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff be one in the present invention, and drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff three's axis is on same straight line, compare with the power drive system that power part splits, the integrated level height, drive path is short, volume is little and quality is light, and is conducive to design arrangement and the lightweight of car load;
2. the present invention adopts two grades of planet circular system speed-changing mechanisms, realize the smooth-going switching of low grade, top grade and neutral gear by the gearshift of tape synchronizer, saved the main gear reducer structure in the orthodox car drive axle, compact conformation, light, the stability of rotation of quality, compare with the electric automobile gear mechanism of one grade of fixed speed ratio, can improve car load dynamic property, drive motor efficient, electrokinetic cell life-span and prolong the car load continual mileage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is low grade of the present invention (I shelves) view.
Fig. 3 is top grade of the present invention (II shelves) view.
Fig. 4 is neutral state scheme drawing of the present invention.
Sequence number among the last figure: 1. drive motor, 2. output shaft, 3. first order sun wheel, 4. first order pinion carrier, 5
.First order satellite gear, 6. first order gear ring, 7. second stage sun wheel, 8. second stage satellite gear, 9. second stage pinion carrier, 10. second stage gear ring, 11. first engage gear rings, 12. control forks, 13. baulk ring, 14. sliding hubs, 15. slide blocks, 16. splined hub, 17. second engages gear ring, 18. differential gear boxs, 19. planet wheel spindles, 20. the diff satellite gear, 21. right axle shaft gears, 22. right axle shafts, 23. left half axle gear, 24. left half axles, 25. case of transmissiones.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, do to describe further by the present invention of embodiment.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of two shift power drive system turnkeys of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system are drawn together gearshift, diff, left half axle 24 and the right axle shaft 22 of drive motor 1, two grades of planet gear train speed changers, tape synchronizer.Diff comprises differential gear box 18, planet wheel spindle 19, diff satellite gear 20, left half axle gear 23, right axle shaft gear 21, be respectively equipped with two diff satellite gears 20 by planet wheel spindle 19 between left half axle gear 23 and the right axle shaft gear 21, the two ends of planet wheel spindle 19 are located at respectively on the differential gear box 18.
As seen from Figure 1, the output shaft 2 of drive motor 1 is hollow shaft, and the mouth of output shaft 2 extends the electric machine casing outside; Be installed with first order sun wheel 3 on the overhanging end of output shaft 2, with the first order sun wheel 3 corresponding first order gear rings 6 that are provided with, first order gear ring 6 is located in the end of case of transmission 25 of cylindrical tube, cooperates by first order pinion carrier 4 between first order sun wheel 3 and the first order gear ring 6 three first order satellite gears 5 are installed; First order sun wheel 3, first order gear ring 6, first order pinion carrier 4 and three first order satellite gears 5 constitute first order planet circular system.Three first order satellite gears 5 are positioned at an axial side of first order pinion carrier 4, and the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier 4 is first tubular axis; First tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4 is equipped with second stage sun wheel 7 by spline fitted as the output shaft of first order planet circular system on first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4; With the second stage sun wheel 7 corresponding second stage gear rings 10 that are provided with; By 9 cooperations of second stage pinion carrier three second stage satellite gears 8 are installed between second stage sun wheel 7 and the second stage gear ring 10, second stage sun wheel 7, second stage gear ring 10, second stage pinion carrier 9 and three second stage satellite gears 8 constitute second stage planet circular systems; First order planet circular system and the series connection of second stage planet circular system constitute two grades of planet gear train speed changers.Three second stage satellite gears 8 are positioned at an axial side of second stage pinion carrier 9, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier 9 is second tubular axis, and second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9 is as the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; An axial side of second stage gear ring 10 is the 3rd tubular axis, and the 3rd pipe sleeve is located on second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9, and namely second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9 passes the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system all are positioned at case of transmission 25, one end of the case of transmission 25 of first order gear ring 6 one sides is connecting the casing end face of drive motor 1, the other end of case of transmission 25 is equipped with end cap, and the 3rd tubular axis and second tubular axis all extend the end cap outside; First engages gear ring 11 is located on case of transmission 25 end caps, second engages gear ring 17 is set on second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro that engages between gear ring 11 and the second joint gear ring 17 is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprise baulk ring 13, sliding hub 14, slide block 15 and splined hub 16, the 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 is connecting splined hub 16 by spline fitted; Cooperate with synchro control fork 12 is installed; Second second tubular axis that engages the second stage pinion carrier 9 in gear ring 17 outsides is connecting differential gear box 18 by spline; Be provided with left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 in the differential gear box 18, left half axle 24 passes second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier 9, first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4 and the output shaft 2 of drive motor, and be connected with the vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft 22 is connected with the vehicle right side wheels, and left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 are coaxial, left half axle gear 23 is installed on the left half axle 24, and right axle shaft gear 21 is installed on the right axle shaft 22; The left half axle 24 of the axis of the output shaft 2 of drive motor 1, the axis of two grades of planet gear train speed changers and diff and the axis of right axle shaft 22 are on same straight line.
Case of transmission 25 middle parts between first order planet circular system and the second stage planet circular system radially are provided with the reinforcement gusset of ring-type, to support the drive disk assembly in the change-speed box.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Developing certain type pure electric automobile two shift power drive systems system with reality is example, two shift power drive systems of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention system has saved in the orthodox car transmission system main gear reducer structure in the power-transfer clutch and drive axle etc., I shelves transmitting ratio is 10.2, II shelves transmitting ratio is that the number of teeth of 3.4, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and each transmission gear of diff is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 wheel tooth numerical table
When drive motor 1 drives 3 rotations of first order sun wheel, two grades of planet gear train speed changers are stirred sliding hub 14 by control fork 12, under slide block 15 and baulk ring 13 combineds action, engage gear ring 11, second respectively with first and engage gear ring 17 engagements, realize the smooth-going switching of low grade, top grade and neutral gear, and power passed to differential gear box 18, drive left half axle 24 and right axle shaft 22 rotates, so drive that vehicle is realized low speed driving, runs at high speed, braked, reversing and trailer operating condition.
Two shift power drive systems of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system of the present invention system at low speed driving, the working process running at high speed, brake under the operating mode such as travel, reverse travel and trailer travel is:
1. when vehicle start was with the climbing low speed driving, the two shift power drive systems system of integrated form planet circular system was in low grade (I) running state.Stir sliding hub 14 by control fork 12 and engage gear ring 11 to first of low grade and move, namely sliding hub 14 slides left are finished engage a gear, as shown in Figure 2.The drive motor 1 corresponding torque of output and rotating speed, and through two grades of planet gear train speed changers, differential gear box 18 and left half axle 24, right axle shaft 22 driving vehicles realization low speed drivings.Its power transfer path is:
Sun wheel 7 → second stage, output shaft 2 → first order sun wheel 3 → first order pinion carrier 4 → second stage pinion carrier 9 → differential gear box 18 → left half axle 24 of drive motor 1, right axle shaft 22 → left and right wheel;
This moment, second stage gear ring 10 engaged gear ring 11 engagements by the sliding hub 14 of synchro with first, it is connecting element that cause first engages gear ring 11 affixed with case of transmission 25 end caps, the rotating speed of the 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 is zero, so the time two grades of planet gear train speed changers transmitting ratio can be expressed as:
（1）
Z in the formula
A1The number of teeth of-first order sun wheel 3; Z
B1The number of teeth of-first order gear ring 6; Z
A2The number of teeth of-second stage sun wheel 7; Z
B2The number of teeth of-second stage gear ring 10;
2. during high vehicle speeds, two shift power drive systems of integrated form planet circular system system is in top grade (II) running state.Stir sliding hub 14 by control fork 12 and engage gear ring 17 to second of top grade and move, namely sliding hub 14 slides to the right, finishes engage a gear, as shown in Figure 3.Drive motor 1 is exported corresponding torque and rotating speed, and drives vehicles and realize running at high speed through two grades of planet gear train speed changers, differential gear box 18 and left half axle 24, right axle shaft 22.Its power transfer path is:
Sun wheel 7 → second stage, output shaft 2 → first order sun wheel 3 → first order pinion carrier 4 → second stage pinion carrier 9 → differential gear box 18 → left half axle 24 of drive motor 1, right axle shaft 22 → left and right wheel;
This moment, second stage gear ring 10 engaged gear ring 17 engagements by the sliding hub 14 of synchro with second, the second tubular axis locking of the 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring 10 and second stage pinion carrier 9 and whole rotation, and rotate synchronously with first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier 4, so the time two retaining planet gear train speed changers transmitting ratios can be expressed as:
（2）
3. when braking energy reclaimed, two shift power drive systems of integrated form planet circular system system was in low grade (I) running state.Power transfer path is identical with the low speed driving operating mode, and as shown in Figure 2, drive motor 1 is in generating state, realizes that energy reclaims;
4. when moveing backward low speed driving, the two shift power drive systems system of integrated form planet circular system is in low grade (I) running state, and as shown in Figure 2, this moment, drive motor 1 counter-rotating realized that vehicle backing travels;
5. vehicle be when et out of order need tow in operational process, this moment drive motor 1 freedom of entry mode state.Drive sliding hub 14 by control fork 12 and move axially, finish and pluck the neutral gear separation, make each parts be in separate state, and outage, realize that the trailer under the neutral state travels, as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (2)
1. two shift power drive systems of a pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system are united, and comprise gearshift, diff, left half axle and the right axle shaft of drive motor, change-speed box, tape synchronizer, and the mouth of the output shaft of drive motor extends the electric machine casing outside; Diff comprises differential gear box, planet wheel spindle, diff satellite gear, left half axle gear, right axle shaft gear, be respectively equipped with two diff satellite gears by planet wheel spindle between left half axle gear and the right axle shaft gear, the two ends of planet wheel spindle are located on the differential gear box respectively, it is characterized in that: described change-speed box is two grades of planet gear train speed changers that are made of first order planet circular system and the series connection of second stage planet circular system, comprises the case of transmission of cylindrical tube;
The output shaft of described drive motor is hollow shaft, be fixed with first order sun wheel on the overhanging end of described output shaft, the corresponding first order gear ring that is provided with first order sun wheel, described first order gear ring is located in the end of case of transmission, is provided with three first order satellite gears by the cooperation of first order pinion carrier between first order sun wheel and the first order gear ring; First order sun wheel, first order gear ring, first order pinion carrier and three first order satellite gears constitute first order planet circular system; Three first order satellite gears are positioned at an axial side of first order pinion carrier, the axial opposite side of first order pinion carrier is first tubular axis, first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier is provided with second stage sun wheel by spline fitted as the output shaft of first order planet circular system on first tubular axis of first order pinion carrier; The corresponding second stage gear ring that is provided with second stage sun wheel; Be provided with three second stage satellite gears by the cooperation of second stage pinion carrier between second stage sun wheel and the second stage gear ring, second stage sun wheel, second stage gear ring, second stage pinion carrier and three second stage satellite gears constitute second stage planet circular system; First order planet circular system and the series connection of second stage planet circular system constitute two grades of planet gear train speed changers; Three second stage satellite gears are positioned at an axial side of second stage pinion carrier, and the axial opposite side of second stage pinion carrier is second tubular axis, and second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier is the output shaft of second stage planet circular system; An axial side of described second stage gear ring is the 3rd tubular axis, and described the 3rd pipe sleeve is located on second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, and namely second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier passes the 3rd tubular axis; First order planet circular system and second stage planet circular system all are positioned at case of transmission, one end of the case of transmission corresponding with first order gear ring is connecting the casing end face of drive motor, the other end of case of transmission is provided with end cap, and described the 3rd tubular axis and second tubular axis all extend the end cap outside; First engages gear ring is located on the case of transmission end cap, second engages gear ring is set on second tubular axis by spline fitted, first synchro that engages between gear ring and the second joint gear ring is set on the 3rd tubular axis by spline fitted, described synchro is lock ring type inertia synchronizer, comprises baulk ring, sliding hub, slide block and splined hub; The 3rd tubular axis of second stage gear ring is connecting splined hub by spline fitted; Cooperate with synchro and to be provided with control fork; Second second tubular axis that engages the second stage pinion carrier in the gear ring outside is connecting differential gear box by spline, be provided with left half axle and right axle shaft in the differential gear box, left half axle passes second tubular axis of second stage pinion carrier, first tubular axis and the drive motor axle of first order pinion carrier, and be connected with the vehicle left side wheel, right axle shaft is connected with the vehicle right side wheels, and left half axle and right axle shaft are coaxial, and left half axle gear is located on the left half axle, and the right axle shaft gear is located on the right axle shaft; The axis of the axis of the axis of the output shaft of drive motor, two grades of planet gear train speed changers and the left half axle of diff and right axle shaft is on same straight line.
2. two shift power drive systems of a kind of pure electric automobile integrated form planet circular system according to claim 1 are united, it is characterized in that: the case of transmission middle part between first order planet circular system and the second stage planet circular system radially is provided with the reinforcement gusset of ring-type, to support the drive disk assembly in the change-speed box.
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