CN103330981A - Automatic sputum suction type artificial airway and sputum suction system with same - Google Patents
Automatic sputum suction type artificial airway and sputum suction system with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103330981A CN103330981A CN201310278897XA CN201310278897A CN103330981A CN 103330981 A CN103330981 A CN 103330981A CN 201310278897X A CN201310278897X A CN 201310278897XA CN 201310278897 A CN201310278897 A CN 201310278897A CN 103330981 A CN103330981 A CN 103330981A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic sputum suction type artificial airway. The automatic sputum suction type artificial airway comprises an airway duct, wherein an air ventilating channel is arranged inside the airway duct, and an air inflation bag and an air inflation tube are arranged on the airway duct. The automatic sputum suction type artificial airway is characterized in that a sputum suction tube is arranged in the air ventilating channel, and a sputum suction channel is formed inside the sputum suction tube. A sputum suction system comprises a sputum collecting bottle, a sputum-pumping pump and a control circuit, wherein a sputum inlet tube and a sputum outlet tube are arranged on the sputum collecting bottle, a sputum-pumping inlet tube is arranged on the sputum-pumping pump, the sputum inlet tube is communicated with the sputum suction tube, the sputum-pumping inlet tube is communicated with the sputum outlet tube, and the control circuit controls the sputum-pumping pump to carry out sputum pumping. The automatic sputum suction type artificial airway and the sputum suction system avoid stimulation caused by an existing movable sputum suction tube to the trachea wall of a patient in the process of sputum suction, and damage caused by the existing movable sputum suction tube to trachea mucosae, overcome the defect that hypoxia is caused by removal of a respirator, and relieve pain of the patient. Medical workers only need to carry out analysis on the symptoms and the physical sign of the patient, and set relevant parameters of a device, the device can carry out automatic sputum suction, and workload and working intensity of the medical workers are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the suction expectorant system of a kind of automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway and formation thereof, belong to medical instruments field.
Background technology
The artificial airway inserts conduit trachea or directly inserts the gas passage that trachea is set up through upper respiratory tract.The artificial airway is for guaranteeing airway patency in effective connection of setting up between physiology air flue and air or other sources of the gas, for the effective drainage of air flue, unobstructed, mechanical ventilation, treatment pulmonary disease provide condition.
Setting up the artificial airway by endotracheal intubation and tracheotomy tube placing operation is to the important measures in the anxious Cavity in Critical Patients rescue process of respiratory dysfunction.Be first aid and critical illness patient relief, when nursing the most effective mature technique means.Be general, the most effective most widely used means the most efficiently in the management of respiratory, rescue patient life, reduction case fatality rate are played crucial effects.Tracheal intubation sucking-off in time trachea endocrine or foreign body prevent that foreign body from entering respiratory tract, keep respiratory passage unblocked, carry out effectively artificial or breathing machine ventilation, prevent patient's anoxia and carbon dioxide retention.Tracheal intubation and tracheostomy tube are the crucial operating theater instruments of setting up the artificial airway in endotracheal intubation and the tracheotomy tube placing operation.
Patient's major part of implementing endotracheal intubation and tracheotomy tube placing operation has sputum and generates, and its sputum generates following reason:
Since disease itself due to as diseases such as pulmonary infection, pulmonary edema.
2. reasons such as artificial airway itself and calmness cause the disappearance that weakens of coughre flex and function, cause sputum to gather and increase.Because set up the ability that the artificial airway has lost cough and expectoration.
3. the artificial airway inserts trachea stimulates tracheal mucosa to cause secretions increase.
Inhale at present the expectorant method during endotracheal intubation and the tracheotomy tube placing operation and adopt certain hour at interval usually, sputum is a certain amount of in the trachea inner accumulated, sputum aspirator tube is inserted arrive trachea in the artificial airway and aspirate, clear up the sputum that arrives trachea and artificial airway in the lung.Inhale the expectorant method by the artificial airway at present and mainly have following shortcoming:
1. inhale the blanking time of expectorant and passed through patient's symptom, sign (auscultation respiratory murmur, observation blood oxygen saturation) analysis and patient are required to decide by medical personnel, or regularly inhale expectorant.Inhale the sputum that gathers between the expectorant for twice when not bringing the change of symptom and sign to the patient, also can accumulate in inner surface of trachea for a long time because of sputum and can cause tracheal wall cilium lodging in the respective regions, final result is that sputum can't arrive trachea by fibre swing by lung tissue.Also bring a large amount of workloads and working strength to medical personnel with the sign that observes the symptoms that Hour Minute Second does not stop
2. inhale the expectorant method at present because zest is big, sputum aspirator tube touches tracheal wall suction meeting and brings violent discomfort to the patient, repeatedly inhales expectorant repeatedly and also can cause damage to tracheal mucosa.Bring repeatedly injury on the body and mind for patient and family members.Increase the patient to inhaling the feared state of mind of expectorant, be unfavorable for patient's partner treatment.
And the needs of patients of mechanical ventilation separate air duct, inhale the expectorant time at every turn and can only control in 15 seconds-20 seconds.Overlong time can cause patient's discomfort and anoxia.And the more patient of sputum, exhaustion intra-tracheal sputum liquid need divide and carries out several times, and taking time and effort also increases patient's discomfort.
4. when this type of patient stands up or kowtow contrary to reason treatment, the sputum short time often occurs to pour in trachea by the lung tissue bronchioles, cause airway obstruction, respiratory resistance increases, and sensation of asphyxia appears in the patient.The sputum aspirator tube that this moment, medical personnel prepared to open aseptic packaging inhale again the expectorant waiting time long, patient is painful big.
5. often need carry out the analysis of sputum sample examination at this type of patient clinically.In leaving and taking sputum sample process, pollute mutually because of sputum and the external world or oral secretion through regular meeting, cause the pollution of sputum sample, the accuracy of sputum result of laboratory test is impacted.
For example the patent No. is that CN200580031174.3, denomination of invention are the patent documentation of " suction device of intra-tracheal sputum ", disclose a kind of in person's windpipe, place tracheal intubation 14 after, utilize suction catheter 15 with the device of sputum sucking-off from person's windpipe.Wherein, suction catheter 15 is not integrative-structure with tracheal intubation 14, and the end of suction catheter 15 easily produces the person's windpipe inwall to stimulate, and easily the patient is damaged.Of paramount importancely be, do not add in the respirator 12 owing to be attracted the gas of pipe 15 sucking-offs, like this, respirator can detect the difference of gas of the gas of its output and input not in set scope, can make respirator be in alarm condition all the time, very be unfavorable for using.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the suction expectorant system of a kind of automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway and formation thereof in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned technical problem.
Automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention, comprise the pneumatic duct that matches with person's windpipe, the inside of described pneumatic duct is airway, and the gas tube that pneumatic duct is provided with aerating gasbag and is connected with aerating gasbag, aerating gasbag are positioned on the outer wall of pneumatic duct; It is characterized in that: be provided with sputum aspirator tube in the described airway, the inside of sputum aspirator tube is for inhaling the expectorant passage; The end of described sputum aspirator tube terminates in the end of pneumatic duct, and the top of sputum aspirator tube is connected with sputum aspirator.
If as the usefulness of tracheal intubation, then by the oral cavity pneumatic duct is inserted in the person's windpipe, if put pipe as tracheotomy, then will pneumatic duct be inserted in the person's windpipe by the cervical region edge of a knife.The patient is by the airway breathe air or adopt respirator to breathe, aerating gasbag be arranged at pneumatic duct around, after the gas tube inflation, can be fixed in the person's windpipe.Sputum aspirator tube is arranged among the airway, forms integrative-structure with pneumatic duct, after sputum aspirator is connected, and can be effectively with the sputum sucking-off that forms in the person's windpipe.Can inhale expectorant when patient adopts respirator, also avoid adopting movable sputum aspirator tube easily inner surface of trachea to be caused the drawback of stimulation in the past.
Automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention, described suction expectorant passage is circle or the oblong cavity that is formed in the pneumatic duct tube wall, the inwall of inhaling the expectorant passage is provided with avoids sputum to adhere to the nano coating of tube wall.It is unsuitable too small and excessive to inhale the expectorant passage, and the work that conference influences airway is crossed in the too small outflow that is unfavorable for sputum, and nano coating can avoid sputum to adhere on the suction expectorant vias inner walls, to avoid inhaling the obstruction of expectorant passage.
Automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention, the end of described pneumatic duct is the inclined plane, the end of described suction expectorant passage also is the inclined plane; Become with horizontal plane under the situation of plumbness on the inclined plane of pneumatic duct end, the inclined plane of inhaling the expectorant channel end becomes 30～60 ° angle with horizontal plane.The patient generally is in the state that becomes with horizontal plane about 30 °, and the end of inhaling the expectorant passage becomes 30～60 ° angle with horizontal plane, both be conducive to the sucking-off sputum, also can avoid inhaling the obstruction of expectorant passage.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes comprises collection sputum bottle, drawing liquid pump and control circuit, and the collection sputum bottle is provided with into the expectorant pipe and goes out the expectorant pipe, and the inside of collection sputum bottle is for being used for holding the cavity of sputum, and drawing liquid pump is provided with the drawing liquid inlet pipe; Advance the expectorant pipe and be connected with sputum aspirator tube, the drawing liquid inlet pipe with go out the expectorant pipe and be connected, control circuit control drawing liquid pump is taken out sputum.
Under the control action of control circuit to drawing liquid pump, the sputum in the sputum aspirator tube can be pumped in the collection sputum bottle, to realize the auto-pumping effect to sputum in the person's windpipe.Control circuit can carry out the setting of mode of operation, can satisfy the different sputum demands of taking out.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes comprises that be used to the respirator of keeping patient respiratory respirator is connected with pneumatic duct by air inlet pipe and escape pipe; Drawing liquid pump goes out pipe by drawing liquid and is connected with air inlet pipe or escape pipe, and drawing liquid goes out pipe and is used for and will mends into to the respirator gas-circulating system from inhaling gas that the expectorant passage extracts out.For the patient that need finish respiratory movement by respirator, because the gas that drawing liquid pump extracts is sent to again on escape pipe or the air inlet pipe, avoided the warning of respirator from person's windpipe.And, because sputum aspirator tube arranges separately, do not influence the work of respirator when taking out sputum, the drawback that respirator need have been unloaded when having avoided in the past taking out sputum.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes, described sputum aspirator tube with advance the expectorant pipe and be connected by tee T, the junction that goes out expectorant pipe and drawing liquid inlet pipe is provided with microbe filter; Microbe filter is structure as a whole with the collection sputum bottle.When inhaling expectorant passage generation obstruction, can realize clearing up the effect of inhaling the expectorant passage by tee T, simultaneously by inhaling the expectorant passage, also can be to injection medicament in the person's windpipe.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes, described control circuit comprises microcontroller, pressure transducer, the full sense switch of collection expectorant, drawing liquid pump motor, microcontroller is connected with the drawing liquid pump motor by motor control module, and microcontroller also is connected with power module, clock circuit and control button; Described pressure transducer is arranged on the drawing liquid inlet pipe, and the full sense switch of collection expectorant is arranged at out on the expectorant pipe, and the control button is used for the mode of operation of control drawing liquid pump motor.
Whether microcontroller has the effect of signals collecting, data operation and control output, can detect the force value of inhaling in the expectorant passage by pressure transducer, blocked to judge suction expectorant passage.Whether the full sense switch of collection expectorant is filled with for detection of the sputum in the collection sputum bottle.Power module is used for providing inhales the required electric energy of expectorant system works, and clock circuit is used for providing microcontroller work required pulse signal, and the control button is used for the mode of operation of control control circuit.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes, the full sense switch of described collection expectorant comprises combined socket and switch and two metal probes that are arranged at out on the expectorant pipe, two metal probes penetrate in the tube wall that goes out the expectorant pipe; Combined socket and switch is provided with the metal slot that matches with metal probe, and the metal slot is connected with the input of microcontroller by lead; Control circuit detects when having sputum to exist between two metal probes, can send alarm signal.Two probes closely near but do not contact, combined socket and switch plugs with metal probe and cooperates.After the collection sputum bottle is filled with, have sputum and enter into out in the expectorant pipe, make two metal probes contact; The lead that is connected with the metal slot will be by off-state displacement closure state, and it is full that microcontroller will detect the collection sputum bottle.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes, described collection sputum bottle comprises storage expectorant chamber and the following storage expectorant chamber that is connected with last storage expectorant chamber; Described bottom of going up storage expectorant chamber is tapered portion, is provided with conical plug in the tapered portion.In the process that extracts sputum, sputum at first enters in the storage expectorant chamber, and when the sputum in the last storage expectorant chamber was abundant, conical plug can suspend, and makes sputum enter into down in the storage expectorant chamber.
The suction expectorant system that automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of the present invention constitutes comprises the control box that is easy to carry and lays, and described drawing liquid pump, control circuit all are arranged in the control box, and described control button all is arranged on the control box; Described control box is provided with for the hook that hangs the collection sputum bottle, and control box is provided be used to the equipment fixed hook that is suspended on sick bed guardrail or the respirator.Control box can be fixed on sick bed guardrail or the respirator easily by the equipment fixed hook, and the collection sputum bottle hangs on the control box by hook, and is very convenient to use.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) artificial airway of the present invention, by sputum aspirator tube is set in airway, having formed can be with the suction expectorant passage of sputum sucking-off in the person's windpipe, because inhaling expectorant passage and pneumatic duct is structure as a whole, when inhaling expectorant, can not stimulate the inner surface of trachea of human body, avoided the stimulation to the patient tracheal wall when inhaling expectorant of existing movable sputum aspirator tube, and to the damage of tracheal mucosa.(2) simultaneously, because suction expectorant passage is the autonomous channel in the pneumatic duct, when inhaling expectorant, can not influence the work of respirator, avoid the drawback that need remove respirator and easily cause patient's anoxia in the existing suction expectorant process, reduce patient's slight illness.(3) and, because inhaling expectorant passage and pneumatic duct is structure as a whole, can make things convenient for and take out the sputum operation timely, when the patient is stood up or kowtows contrary to reason treatment, even the sputum short time is poured in trachea by the lung tissue bronchioles phenomenon occurs, owing to need not to open the sputum aspirator tube of aseptic packaging, significantly reduced patient's waiting time, reduced patient's misery.
The suction expectorant system that is constituted by the artificial airway of the present invention, (1) by being provided for depositing the collection sputum bottle of sputum and the control circuit that can carry out automatic control action, control circuit can be operated in automatically, continuous and manual work state, realized the patient is taken out sputum automatically, medical personnel are by analyzing patient's symptom, sign (auscultation respiratory murmur, observation blood oxygen saturation), set and inhale expectorant blanking time and suction expectorant persistent period, effectively reduce medical personnel's workload and working strength.(2) drawing liquid pump is sent to again the respirator system after drawing liquid goes out pipe from the gas of collection sputum bottle extraction, has avoided respirator owing to the error that passes in and out gas produces warning greatly.(3) because whole suction sputum system is in airtight state, in getting sputum sample process sputum, can not be subjected to the pollution of the external world or oral secretion, make that the sputum result of laboratory test is more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway's of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of pneumatic duct end among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of first kind of pneumatic duct among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of second kind of pneumatic duct among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart of the suction expectorant system of band respirator among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of control circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the full sense switch of collection expectorant among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of first kind of collection sputum bottle among the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of second kind of collection sputum bottle among the present invention;
Figure 10 is for inhaling the use structural representation of expectorant system among the present invention;
Figure 11 among the present invention not with the structure principle chart of the suction expectorant system of respirator;
The schematic diagram that Figure 12 carries out disinfection for drawing liquid pump;
Figure 13 is for inhaling the schematic diagram that the expectorant vias inner walls arranges nano coating.
Among the figure: 1 pneumatic duct, 2 airways, 3 aerating gasbags, 4 gas tubes, 5 sputum aspirator tubes, 6 inhale expectorant passage, 7 person's windpipes, 8 pressure transducers, 9 tee Ts, 10 collection sputum bottles, 11 advance the expectorant pipe, and 12 go out the expectorant pipe, 13 sputum bottles lid, the full sense switch of 14 collection expectorant, 15 microbe filters, 16 drawing liquid inlet pipes, 17 drawing liquid pumps, 18 control circuits, 19 drawing liquids go out pipe, 20 respirators, 21 air inlet pipe, 22 escape pipes, 23 microcontrollers, 24 power modules, 25 clock circuits, 26 motor control modules, 27 drawing liquid pump motors, 28 metal probes, 29 combined socket and switch, 30 metal slots, on 31 storage expectorant chamber, 32 times storage expectorant chambeies, 33 tapered portion, 34 conical plugs, 35 control boxes, 36 control buttons, 37 hooks, 38 equipment fixed hooks, 39 packed disinfectant solution, 40 disinfectant solution cavitys, 41 storage cavities, 42 sputum aspirator tube tube walls, 43 nano coatings, 44 hydrones.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, provided automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway's of the present invention structural representation, it comprises pneumatic duct 1, aerating gasbag 3, gas tube 4 and sputum aspirator tube 5, pneumatic duct 1 matches with person's windpipe 7, in the trachea plug-in type, come in and go out to trachea by patient's oral cavity, when incision was inserted, the cervical region by human body was inserted in the person's windpipe.The inside of pneumatic duct 1 is airway 2, but perhaps by the gas in airway 2 incoming call air or the respirator 20.Aerating gasbag 3 is arranged at the periphery of pneumatic duct 1, and the upper end of gas tube 4 protrudes from the outer wall of pneumatic duct 1, and the lower end is formed among the tube wall of pneumatic duct 1, and gas tube 4 is connected with aerating gasbag 3.Can inflate aerating gasbag by gas tube 4, after aerating gasbag 3 expands, both can guarantee pneumatic duct 1 fixing at person's windpipe 7 in person's windpipe 7, also can avoid the gas of aerating gasbag 3 bottoms to overflow.
The diameter of inhaling expectorant passage 6 is unsuitable excessive also unsuitable too small, excessive, and the normal use of meeting airway 2 impacts; Too small, be unfavorable for the outflow of sputum.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, provided the structural representation of first kind and second kind pneumatic duct respectively, suction expectorant passage 6 shown in Figure 3 is oblong cavity, and it is formed among the tube wall of pneumatic duct 1; Suction expectorant passage 6 as shown in Figure 4 is circular cavity, and it also is formed among the tube wall of pneumatic duct 1, and gives prominence in airway 2.
As shown in Figure 5, provided the structure principle chart of the suction expectorant system of band respirator among the present invention, it comprises pneumatic duct 1, collection sputum bottle 10, drawing liquid pump 17, control circuit 18 and respirator 20, pneumatic duct 1 enters among the person's windpipe 7 by patient oral cavity or cervical region, respirator 20 is connected by air inlet pipe 21 and escape pipe 22 and pneumatic duct 1, is used for keeping patient's breathing.Shown collection sputum bottle 10 is provided with into expectorant pipe 11 and goes out expectorant pipe 12, advance expectorant pipe 11 and be communicated with sputum aspirator tube 5 selectivitys by tee T 9 so that with the sputum in the person's windpipe 7 by suction expectorant passage 6, tee T 9, advance 11 suction of expectorant pipe to collecting in the sputum bottle 10.Simultaneously, when person's windpipe 7 needs injection, can in person's windpipe 7, inject relative medicine by tee T 9; And, when inhaling the 6 generation obstructions of expectorant passage, can will inhale expectorant passage 6 by tee T 9 and get through.
Be provided with drawing liquid inlet pipe 16 and the drawing liquid of drawing liquid pump 17 go out pipe 19, drawing liquid inlet pipe 16 with go out expectorant pipe 12 and be connected so that drawing liquid pump 17 is with in the sputum suction collection sputum bottle 10.Also be provided with microbe filter 15 in drawing liquid inlet pipe 16 and the junction that goes out expectorant pipe 12, enter into the pipeline of drawing liquid pump 17 and respirator 20 to avoid microorganisms such as antibacterial in the sputum in person's windpipe 7, the collection sputum bottle 13; Microbe filter 15 can be made of one structure with going out expectorant pipe 12, with the collection sputum bottle 10 the same disposable medical articles that are all.Drawing liquid goes out pipe 19 and is communicated with air inlet pipe 21 or escape pipe 22 on the respirator 20, and like this, the gas that drawing liquid pump 17 is extracted out from person's windpipe 7 flow into again in the recyclegas of respirator 20, has avoided the warning of respirator.During suction expectorant system works of the present invention, the swing of cilium on person's windpipe 7 inwalls can be pushed to sputum 6 places; Or accelerate sputum by clinical physics modes commonly used such as standing up button back of the body postural drainage and enter trachea by the base of lung and arrive 6 places, to realize utilizing sputum aspirator tube 5 with sputum sucking-off purpose.
As shown in Figure 6, provided the schematic diagram of control circuit in the invention, it comprises microcontroller 23, power module 24, pressure transducer 8, clock circuit 25, control button 36, the full sense switch 14 of collection expectorant, motor control module 26, drawing liquid pump motor 27; Microcontroller 23 has the effect of signals collecting, data operation and control output, and it can adopt single-chip microcomputer.Power module 24 provides electric energy for the work of whole suction expectorant system, and clock circuit 25 provides pulse signal for the operate as normal of microcontroller.Pressure transducer 8 is arranged on the drawing liquid inlet pipe 16, realizes the measurement to pressure in the drawing liquid inlet pipe 16; When pressure transducer 8 detected negative pressure are too high, illustrate that inhaling expectorant passage 6 stops up, should in time clear up inhaling expectorant passage 6.
Whether the full sense switch 14 of collection expectorant is arranged at going out on the expectorant pipe 12 on the collection sputum bottle 10, full for detection of the sputum in the collection sputum bottle 10.As shown in Figure 7, provided the structural representation of the full sense switch of collection expectorant, it is made up of metal probe 28, combined socket and switch 29 and metal slot 30, and two metal probes 28 are parallel to each other, two metal probes 28 on the tube wall that goes out expectorant pipe 12, and mutually near but do not contact.Two metal slots 30 are arranged on the combined socket and switch 29, are used for matching with metal probe.Two metal slots 30 are connected by the input of lead with microcontroller 23, in order to detect the state between two metal probes 28.When collection sputum bottle 10 did not fill with sputum, the state that microcontroller 23 detects between detected two metal probes 28 was open-circuit condition; When the sputum collection of collection in the sputum bottle 10 was full, the moisture in the sputum can make two metal probes 28 be in conducting state, and microcontroller 23 can send alarm signal after detecting 28 conductings of two metal probes, and controlled drawing liquid pump 17 immediately and stop to inhale expectorant work.
As shown in Figure 8, provided the structural representation of first kind of collection sputum bottle among the present invention, it is cylindrical structural, and shown sputum bottle lid 13 can be screwed to the upper end that collects sputum bottle 10 by screw thread, realizes the sealing of collection sputum bottle 10.When collection sputum bottle 10 used, sputum bottle lid 13 also can be screwed to the top, to prevent loss.At collection after sputum bottle 10 collects patient's sputum, by sputum bottle lid 13 tighten sealing after, can inspect by ready samples, avoided sputum that pollution condition takes place easily.
As shown in Figure 9, provided the structural representation of second kind of collection sputum bottle among the present invention, it comprises storage expectorant chamber 31, stores up expectorant chamber 32 and conical plug 34 down, and the volume in shown following storage expectorant chamber 32 can be realized the storage to the larger volume sputum greater than the volume in last storage expectorant chamber 31.The bottom in last storage expectorant chamber 31 is tapered portion 33, is provided with conical plug 34 in the tapered portion 33; When the sputum in the last storage expectorant chamber 31 was abundant, conical plug 34 was understood floating and is risen, and makes sputum enter into down in the storage expectorant chamber 32.Like this, in the process of drawing liquid pump 17 work, the portion gas that only needs will go up in the storage expectorant chamber 31 is extracted out, and can produce is enough to and will inhales the suction of the sputum sucking-off in the expectorant passage 6.
As shown in figure 10, provided the use structural representation of inhaling the expectorant system among the present invention, control circuit, drawing liquid pump 17 all are arranged at the inside of control box 35, and a plurality of control buttons 36 are arranged on the outer surface of control box 35.Collection sputum bottle 10 can hang on the outer wall of control box 35 by linking up with 37, also is provided with the equipment fixed hook on the control box.In the process of using, control box 35 can hang on sick bed guardrail or the respirator by the equipment fixed hook, and is more convenient to use.Control box 35 with and inner control circuit 18 and drawing liquid pump 17 be reusable part, collecting sputum bottle 13, artificial airway, microbe filter 15 is disposable product.
As shown in figure 11, provided among the present invention not the structure principle chart with the expectorant system of respirator, be applicable to the patient that can not finish respiratory movement by respirator voluntarily, the top of described pneumatic duct 1 need not to be connected with respirator 20; The gas that drawing liquid pump 17 is extracted out directly enters in the atmosphere and gets final product, and remaining structure is all with shown in Figure 5 identical.
As shown in figure 12, provided the schematic diagram that drawing liquid pump carries out disinfection, shown packed disinfectant solution 39 is made up of disinfectant solution cavity 40 also storage cavities 41, stores disinfectant solution in the disinfectant solution cavity 40, and storage cavities 41 is cavity.In the process of using, the drawing liquid inlet pipe 16 of drawing liquid pump 17 is connected with disinfectant solution cavity 40, the drawing liquid of drawing liquid pump 17 goes out pipe 19 and is connected with storage chamber 41, start drawing liquid pump 17, with the liquid suction in the disinfectant solution cavity 40 to the process of storage cavities 41, namely finished the cleaning and sterilizing of drawing liquid pump pipeline.The position that other need carry out disinfection adopts the chlorine-containing disinfectant wiping to get final product.
As shown in figure 13, provided and inhaled the schematic diagram that the expectorant vias inner walls arranges nano coating, shown nano coating 43 is arranged on the inner surface of sputum aspirator tube tube wall 42, because the size of hydrone 44 is greater than the distance between adjacent two projectioies, hydrone can't adhere on the sputum aspirator tube tube wall 42, therefore sputum also can't adhere on the sputum aspirator tube tube wall 42, has avoided sputum to stop up the effect of inhaling expectorant passage 6.
Suction expectorant of the present invention system is in the process of work, and the concrete condition according to patient's sputum generates transfers to different duties by control button 36 with it; For example, under automatic operation mode, can control drawing liquid pump work x minute, stop y minute, run so forth; Under continuous operation mode, but continuous operation 3 minutes; Under manual work pattern, can regulate work and the concrete time that stops, to satisfy requirement of different patients.
Artificial airway of the present invention has avoided the stimulation to the patient tracheal wall when inhaling expectorant of existing movable sputum aspirator tube, and to the damage of tracheal mucosa.Under the situation that respirator does not remove, also can in time inhale the expectorant operation.Owing to need not to open the sputum aspirator tube of aseptic packaging, significantly reduced patient's waiting time, reduced patient's misery.And avoided respirator owing to the error that passes in and out gas produces warning greatly.
Claims (10)
1. inhale expectorant type artificial airway automatically for one kind, comprise the pneumatic duct (1) that matches with person's windpipe (7), the inside of described pneumatic duct is airway (2), the gas tube (4) that pneumatic duct is provided with aerating gasbag (3) and is connected with aerating gasbag, aerating gasbag is positioned on the outer wall of pneumatic duct; It is characterized in that: be provided with sputum aspirator tube (5) in the described airway (2), the inside of sputum aspirator tube is for inhaling expectorant passage (6); The end of described sputum aspirator tube terminates in the end of pneumatic duct, and the top of sputum aspirator tube is connected with sputum aspirator.
2. automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described suction expectorant passage (6) is for being formed at circle or the oblong cavity in pneumatic duct (1) tube wall, and the inwall of inhaling the expectorant passage is provided with avoids sputum to adhere to the nano coating (43) of tube wall.
3. automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the end of described pneumatic duct (1) is the inclined plane, the end of described suction expectorant passage (6) also is the inclined plane; Become with horizontal plane under the situation of plumbness on the inclined plane of pneumatic duct end, the inclined plane of inhaling the expectorant channel end becomes 30～60 ° angle with horizontal plane.
4. suction expectorant system that constitutes based on the described automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise collection sputum bottle (10), drawing liquid pump (17) and control circuit (18), the collection sputum bottle is provided with into expectorant pipe (11) and goes out expectorant pipe (12), the inside of collection sputum bottle is for being used for holding the cavity of sputum, and drawing liquid pump is provided with drawing liquid inlet pipe (16); Advance the expectorant pipe and be connected with sputum aspirator tube (5), drawing liquid inlet pipe (16) with go out expectorant pipe (12) and be connected, control circuit control drawing liquid pump is taken out sputum.
5. the suction expectorant system of automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway formation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: comprise that be used to the respirator of keeping patient respiratory (20) respirator is connected with pneumatic duct (1) by air inlet pipe (21) and escape pipe (22); Drawing liquid pump (17) goes out pipe (19) by drawing liquid and is connected with air inlet pipe or escape pipe, and drawing liquid goes out pipe and is used for and will mends into to the respirator gas-circulating system from the gas of inhaling expectorant passage (6) extraction.
6. the suction expectorant system that constitutes according to claim 4 or 5 described automatic suction expectorant type artificial airways, it is characterized in that: described sputum aspirator tube (5) with advance expectorant pipe (11) and be connected by tee T (9), the junction that goes out expectorant pipe (12) and drawing liquid inlet pipe (16) is provided with microbe filter (15); Microbe filter is structure as a whole with collection sputum bottle (10).
7. the suction expectorant system that constitutes according to claim 4 or 5 described automatic suction expectorant type artificial airways, it is characterized in that: described control circuit comprises microcontroller (23), pressure transducer (8), the full sense switch (14) of collection expectorant, drawing liquid pump motor (27), microcontroller is connected with the drawing liquid pump motor by motor control module (26), and microcontroller also is connected with power module (24), clock circuit (25) and control button; Described pressure transducer is arranged on the drawing liquid inlet pipe (16), and the full sense switch of collection expectorant is arranged at out on the expectorant pipe (12), and the control button is used for the mode of operation of control drawing liquid pump motor.
8. the suction expectorant system that constitutes of automatic suction expectorant type artificial airway according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the full sense switch of described collection expectorant comprises combined socket and switch (29) and is arranged at out two metal probes (28) on the expectorant pipe (12) that two metal probes penetrate in the tube wall that goes out the expectorant pipe; Combined socket and switch is provided with the metal slot (30) that matches with metal probe, and the metal slot is connected by the input of lead with microcontroller (23); Control circuit detects when having sputum to exist between two metal probes, can send alarm signal.
9. according to the suction expectorant system of claim 4 or 5 described automatic suction expectorant type artificial airways formations, it is characterized in that: described collection sputum bottle (10) comprises storage expectorant chamber (31) and the following storage expectorant chamber (32) that is connected with last storage expectorant chamber; Described bottom of going up storage expectorant chamber (31) is tapered portion (33), is provided with conical plug (34) in the tapered portion.
10. the suction expectorant system that constitutes according to claim 4 or 5 described automatic suction expectorant type artificial airways, it is characterized in that: comprise the control box (35) that is easy to carry and lays, described drawing liquid pump (17), control circuit (18) all are arranged in the control box, and described control button (36) all is arranged on the control box (35); Described control box is provided with for the hook (37) that hangs collection sputum bottle (13), and control box is provided be used to the equipment fixed hook (38) that is suspended on sick bed guardrail or the respirator.
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| CN111671591B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2022-01-21 | 上海长征医院 | Portable negative pressure protective screen system |
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