CN103326436A - Road vibration power generation device - Google Patents
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- CN103326436A CN103326436A CN2013102573732A CN201310257373A CN103326436A CN 103326436 A CN103326436 A CN 103326436A CN 2013102573732 A CN2013102573732 A CN 2013102573732A CN 201310257373 A CN201310257373 A CN 201310257373A CN 103326436 A CN103326436 A CN 103326436A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a road vibration power generation device which comprises a piezoelectric transducer, a multi-voltage rectifying circuit, a voltage stabilizing charging circuit, a super capacitor and a rechargeable battery which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a large number of piezoelectric transducers are implanted into any large-flow road, voltage is generated by rolling the piezoelectric transducers through an automobile, and the super capacitor and the rechargeable battery are charged through the voltage stabilizing charging circuit after the voltage is subjected to multi-voltage boosting and rectification by the multi-voltage rectifying circuit. Therefore, the piezoelectric transducers are implanted into any large-flow road including common asphalt pavements and cement pavements in large quantity, electricity is generated through piezoelectric transformation when an automobile runs, the generated current can be transmitted back to a national power supply network or used for illumination, heat supply and the like, and the carbon reduction effect brought by the piezoelectric transducers cannot be estimated, and the piezoelectric transducers have great significance particularly for China which depends on coal electricity seriously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatic detection field technology, refer in particular to a kind of road vibration generating device.
Background technology
The energy is the subject under discussion that world is concerned about most, and each state of our times all meets with energy bottleneck, estimates the world oil reserves only enough 40 years, and natural gas can with 70 years, therefore be developed alternative energy source extremely urgent.Because limited energy, therefore industrial circle is continually developed the replacement energy, but and clean and for the energy of continuous utilization be an important topic for the problem of the shortage that solves earth energy, such as solar power generation, biomass energy, wind power generation etc., but these energy mainly all use the state of nature to produce, therefore also there are many uncertain factors and the upset condition that can not grasp, such as the hours of daylight of the sun, the output of big or small, the living material of wind-force etc., so the energy is more unstable.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to the disappearance of prior art existence, its main purpose provides a kind of road vibration generating device, is installed on the road surface, and the power conversion of utilizing automobile to roll is electric energy, and is lasting and certainly pollution-free.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of road vibration generating device, comprise the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) that is connected in series successively, many voltage doubling rectifing circuits, voltage stabilizing charging circuit, super capacitor and rechargeable battery, this PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is implanted to the road of any large flow in a large number, roll PZT (piezoelectric transducer) by automobile and produce voltage, these many voltage doubling rectifing circuits to voltage carry out many times boost, after the rectification, be that super capacitor and rechargeable battery charge through voltage stabilizing charging circuit.
Preferably, described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is bonded at its surperficial rectangular piezoelectric ceramic chip by phosphor bronze substrate and one and consists of.
Preferably, thick 0.3mm and the 0.3mm of being respectively of described phosphor bronze sheet and ceramic chips.
Preferably, described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) comprises the multilayer piezoelectric ceramic chip, and each lamination electroceramics chip is connected in parallel.
Preferably, described many voltage doubling rectifing circuits are trapezoidal two voltage doubling rectifying circuit, operation principle is: when piezoelectric ceramic PZT voltage is positive half cycle, and diode D1 conducting, D2 cut-off, power supply is through C1, D1 forms the loop, to capacitor C l charging, because charge circuit resistance is very little, according to the principle of peak value rectification as can be known, capacitor C l is charged to peak value
Ui, and substantially remain unchanged.This moment, diode D2 was in cut-off state, and C2 is not recharged;
When piezoelectric ceramic PZT output voltage is negative half period, DI cut-off, D2 conducting.At this moment the magnitude of voltage that fills at positive half cycle of C1
Ui, and the addition of supply voltage same polarity, its maximum is
Ui.Through after several charge cycles, the voltage on the C2 is like this
Ui, thus realized the purpose of voltage-doubler rectification.
Preferably, described many voltage doubling rectifing circuits are voltage tripler rectifier circuit, and operation principle is: C1 is charged to when first positive half cycle of sinusoidal voltage source
, the voltage during first negative half period on the C2 is charged to approaching
, when second positive half cycle, D1, the D3 conducting, the D2 cut-off, the voltage on the C2 is connected with power supply and through D3 C3 is charged to
Thereby, obtain the commutating voltage of approximate three multiplication of voltages at the load two ends.
Preferably, described voltage stabilizing charging circuit comprises MAX1672 chip and peripheral component thereof, the MAX1672 integrated chip boost dc/dc converter that contains linear voltage regulator, have the function of boost type or buck DC/DC converter.
Preferably, the peripheral component of described MAX 1672 chips mainly comprises the tantalum electric capacity of the inductance of a Schottky diode, a l0uH, two 100uF, electric capacity and the some resistance of a 4.7uF of output termination; One of the tantalum electric capacity of two 100uF is connected on input, mainly plays the effect of removing the input ripple; Because the output resistance of upper level rectification circuit is larger, will produce larger output ripple for the switching load that strengthens, the electric capacity of 4.7uF plays exactly alleviates the load acute variation, reduces the effect of output pulsation; The output resistance of the tantalum electric capacity of another 100uF is less, can effectively improve output current.
The present invention compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect, particularly, as shown from the above technical solution, at first, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is implanted in a large number the road of any large flow, comprises plain asphalt road surface, cement pavement, railway, dance hall or street etc.Piezoelectricity conversion when crossing by automobile is generated electricity.Then for traditional bridge rectifier in the accumulation of charging capacitor to a certain extent the time, the problem that conversion efficiency descends.Select suitable electronic building brick to design the voltage tripler rectifier circuit, promote charging voltage, improved conversion efficiency.At last, the DC/DC voltage stabilizing charging circuit that adopted MAX 1672 chip designs, this chip can be started working under the minimum voltage of setting, but wide input voltage range.Just opening after super capacitor has added up a certain amount of electric charge and making work is that rechargeable battery charges.
Draw through experiment, use road electricity generation system of the present invention, 1 kilometer road surface can produce approximately 100 ~ 400 kilowatts electric power, the electric current that produces can be passed back national power supply network or is used for illumination and heat supply etc., bring thus to subtract the carbon effect inestimable, especially for the country of this serious dependence coal electricity of China, has especially suitable meaning.
For more clearly setting forth architectural feature of the present invention and effect, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is power conversion and the memory circuit schematic diagram of the present invention's embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) among the present invention's the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart that the present invention's embodiment middle level piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected in parallel;
Fig. 4 is the positive inverse piezoelectric effect figure of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) among the present invention's the embodiment;
Fig. 5 is trapezoidal two voltage doubling rectifying circuit figure among the present invention's the embodiment;
Fig. 6 is voltage tripler rectifier circuit diagram among the present invention's the embodiment;
Fig. 7 is voltage stabilizing charging circuit figure among the present invention's the embodiment.
The accompanying drawing identifier declaration:
10, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 11, phosphor bronze substrate
12, ceramic chips 20, many voltage doubling rectifing circuits
30, voltage stabilizing charging circuit 40, super capacitor and rechargeable battery.
Embodiment
Please refer to shown in Figure 1, it has demonstrated the concrete structure of the present invention's preferred embodiment, comprise the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10, many voltage doubling rectifing circuits 20, voltage stabilizing charging circuit 30, super capacitor and the rechargeable battery 40 that are connected in series successively, this PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 is implanted to the road of any large flow in a large number, roll PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 by automobile and produce voltage, 20 pairs of voltages of these many voltage doubling rectifing circuits carry out many times and boost, after the rectification, charge for super capacitor and rechargeable battery 40 through voltage stabilizing charging circuit 30.
As shown in Figure 2, this PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 is implanted to the road of any large flow in a large number, comprises plain asphalt road surface, cement pavement, railway, dance hall or street etc.
Described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 is bonded at its surperficial rectangular piezoelectric ceramic chip 12 by phosphor bronze substrate 11 and one and consists of, and is preferred, thick 0.3mm and the 0.3mm of being respectively of phosphor bronze sheet and ceramic chips 12.Because the electric weight that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 produces is less, the piezoelectric ceramic of individual layer is difficult to satisfy the energy supply of battery, in order to improve the generation of electric energy, as shown in Figure 3, can design the electricity generation system based on multiple pressure electric transducer 10.Multilayer piezoelectric ceramic is gone here and there or be together in parallel to consist of to ceramic chips 12.Best bet is the thickness that reduces every lamination electroceramics chip 12, in the mode of being connected in parallel.
As shown in Figure 4, ceramic chips 12 has the characteristic of direct piezoelectric effect and reversed piezoelcetric effect.During without electric field action, when ceramic chips 12 produces mechanical deformation in the effect that is subject in a certain direction external force, its inner polarization phenomena that produce, heterocharge appears in two apparent surfaces at it simultaneously.Active force and lifting surface area are larger, and the electric charge of accumulation is just more.After external force was removed, crystal can return to uncharged state again, is called direct piezoelectric effect.On the contrary, do not having under the mechanical force, when the polarised direction in ceramic chips 12 applies electric field, these crystal can deform.After removing electric field, the distortion of crystal also disappears thereupon, and this phenomenon then is called inverse piezoelectric effect.
The power conversion of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 vibrating power-generations and memory circuit schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 4.What PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 produced is that low alternating voltage, current ratio are fainter, and it is moment and replacing, provide energy with irregular random form, in the power extraction process, has damping effect: when vibrational energy is delivered to piezoelectric, owing to direct piezoelectric effect is converted into electric energy, produce alternating voltage at material internal, too large or resistance is too hour and when material internal resistance, the electric energy that produces does not shift, and can namely produce the reaction force that hinders the further distortion of piezoelectric because inverse piezoelectric effect is converted into vibrational energy again.Because the electric energy that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 obtains can not directly be applied on the battery, need logical many voltage doubling rectifing circuits 20, voltage stabilizing charging circuit 30 again from environment, the noisy signal of telecommunication that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 is exported transfers the suitable external electronic device signal of telecommunication to.Provide electric energy for what electric equipment continued.
In described super capacitor and the rechargeable battery 40, adopt super capacitor to carry out the previous stage energy accumulating, namely can carry out the voltage stabilizing charging by 30 pairs of rechargeable batteries of voltage stabilizing charging circuit when the electric charge of super capacitor is accumulated to certain degree.Thereby be embodied as powered battery.Super capacitor has that capacity is large, the life-span is long, overvoltage does not puncture and free state under the advantage such as leakproof, can replace common electric capacity as a kind of continuous, stable power supply.Charge-trapping as the piezoelectric generating device first order is most suitable.The clang battery has that energy density is high, life cycle is long and the good characteristics of Capacitance reserve, is suitable as the stored energy of the second level.
Super capacitor first is the electrical equivalent circuit of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10, boosts through many voltage doubling rectifing circuits 20, charges for super capacitor Cd after the rectification.Voltage stabilizing didoe D4 is the protection super capacitor, and parameter is chosen as the highest withstand voltage of super capacitor.Thereby externally under the excitation of vibration environment, through after the regular hour, super capacitor just can be collected from the electric weight of piezoelectric generating device generation and provide electric current for the voltage stabilizing charging circuit of next stage.
Described many voltage doubling rectifing circuits 20 trapezoidal two voltage doubling rectifying circuits.As shown in Figure 5, its operation principle is: when piezoelectric ceramic PZT voltage is positive half cycle, and diode D1 conducting, D2 cut-off, power supply is through C1, and D1 forms the loop, and capacitor C l is charged, because charge circuit resistance is very little, according to the principle of peak value rectification as can be known, capacitor C l is charged to peak value
Ui, and substantially remain unchanged.This moment, diode D2 was in cut-off state, and C2 is not recharged.
When piezoelectric ceramic PZT output voltage is negative half period, DI cut-off, D2 conducting.At this moment the magnitude of voltage that fills at positive half cycle of C1
Ui, and the addition of supply voltage same polarity, its maximum is
Ui.Through after several charge cycles, the voltage on the C2 is exactly basically like this
Ui, thus realized the purpose of voltage-doubler rectification.
Certainly, many voltage doubling rectifing circuits 20 are not limited to two voltage doubling rectifying circuit, also can be voltage tripler rectifier circuit as shown in Figure 6, the voltage tripler rectifier circuit be exactly on the basis of above-mentioned trapezoidal two voltage doubling rectifying circuit, increases a rectifier diode D3 and a filter capacitor C3.The operation principle of voltage tripler rectifier circuit is: C1 is charged to side when first positive half cycle of sinusoidal voltage source, and the voltage during first negative half period on the C2 is charged to approaching
When second positive half cycle, D1, the D3 conducting, the D2 cut-off, the voltage on the C2 is connected with power supply and through D3 C3 is charged to, thereby obtains the commutating voltage of approximate three multiplication of voltages at the load two ends.
Described voltage stabilizing charging circuit 30 is comprised of MAX1672 chip and peripheral component thereof.
MAX1672 is because inner integrated boost dc/dc converter that contains linear voltage regulator, therefore this chip has the function of boost type or buck DC/DC converter, the scope of input voltage is 1.8 ~ 11V, and the main design objective of circuit is exactly to select according to actual needs suitable peripheral component.Voltage stabilizing DC-DC charging circuit is as shown in Figure 7:
The voltage stabilizing charging circuit peripheral components that is comprised of MAX 1672 mainly comprises a Schottky diode, the inductance of a l0uH, electric capacity and the some resistance of two larger 4.7uF of tantalum electric capacity (100uF) output termination.One of the tantalum electric capacity of two 100uF is connected on input, mainly plays the effect of place to go input ripple.Because the output resistance of upper level rectification circuit is larger, will produce larger output ripple for the switching load that strengthens, the electric capacity of 4.7uF plays exactly alleviates the load acute variation, reduces the effect of output pulsation.The output resistance of the tantalum electric capacity of another 100uF is less, can effectively improve output current.Inductance is the Primary Component of MAX1672 energy storage, and the parameter of mainly considering when selecting has saturation current, inductance value and D.C. resistance.Larger inductance value is conducive to reducing of current pulsation, the reduction of output ripple, and the increase of output current capacity will increase when magnetic core loss when saturated, so select the larger inductance of saturation current just can promote the conversion efficiency of chip.Select simultaneously the little inductance of D.C. resistance can fall lower powered consumption.In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference of upper level modulate circuit, preferably select the inductance of closed magnetic core.
The Main Basis of selecting filter capacitor is that system is to the requirement of the ripple of rectification circuit generation.The equivalent series resistance of filter capacitor is the main cause that produces output ripple, and the conversion efficiency of electric current is also had certain impact, therefore should select the electric capacity of low ESR.The load electrochemical capacitor has lower equivalent series resistance, and the alminium electrolytic condenser of low ESR also can.Capacity is proper in 10 ~ l00uF left and right sides, should choose larger electric capacity for the situation that load is large.Jumbo filter capacitor is conducive to improve transient response and output ripple.
Such as, externally under the excitation of vibration environment, through after the regular hour, super capacitor just can be collected from the electric weight of piezoelectric generating device generation and provide electric current for the voltage stabilizing charging circuit of next stage.Be approximately 0~3.6v from alternating current peak one peak value that piezoelectric generating device obtains, in the process of rectification, filtering along with the forward voltage drop of diode and the loss of circuit, the voltage that arrives super capacitor Cd is inadequate, adopt voltage tripler rectifier not only to play the purpose of rectification, also promoted the charging voltage of super capacitor.(magnitude of voltage on the super capacitor may fluctuate to some extent, but as long as in the input voltage range of MAX1672, chip is all with in running order) after super capacitor Cd has stored enough electric charges, when capacitance voltage has reached the requirement of MAX1672 voltage stabilizing charging control end input voltage, voltage stabilizing circuit is started working, and gives constant charging voltage of rechargeable battery.
In sum, design focal point of the present invention is: at first, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 10 is implanted in a large number the road of any large flow, comprises plain asphalt road surface, cement pavement, railway, dance hall or street etc.Piezoelectricity conversion when crossing by automobile is generated electricity.Then for traditional bridge rectifier in the accumulation of charging capacitor to a certain extent the time, the problem that conversion efficiency descends.Select suitable electronic building brick to design the voltage tripler rectifier circuit, promote charging voltage, improved conversion efficiency.At last, the DC/DC voltage stabilizing charging circuit that adopted MAX 1672 chip designs, this chip can be started working under the minimum voltage of setting, but wide input voltage range.Just opening after super capacitor has added up a certain amount of electric charge and making work is that rechargeable battery charges.
Draw through experiment, use road electricity generation system of the present invention, 1 kilometer road surface can produce approximately 100 ~ 400 kilowatts electric power, the electric current that produces can be passed back national power supply network or is used for illumination and heat supply etc., bring thus to subtract the carbon effect inestimable, especially for the country of this serious dependence coal electricity of China, has especially suitable meaning.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that technical scope of the present invention is imposed any restrictions, therefore every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any trickle modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (8)
1. road vibration generating device, it is characterized in that: comprise the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) that is connected in series successively, many voltage doubling rectifing circuits, voltage stabilizing charging circuit, super capacitor and rechargeable battery, this PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is implanted to the road of any large flow in a large number, roll PZT (piezoelectric transducer) by automobile and produce voltage, these many voltage doubling rectifing circuits to voltage carry out many times boost, after the rectification, be that super capacitor and rechargeable battery charge through voltage stabilizing charging circuit.
2. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is bonded at its surperficial rectangular piezoelectric ceramic chip by phosphor bronze substrate and one and consists of.
3. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the thick 0.3mm of being respectively and the 0.3mm of described phosphor bronze sheet and ceramic chips.
4. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) comprises the multilayer piezoelectric ceramic chip, each lamination electroceramics chip is connected in parallel.
5. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described many voltage doubling rectifing circuits are trapezoidal two voltage doubling rectifying circuit, operation principle is: when piezoelectric ceramic PZT voltage is positive half cycle, and diode D1 conducting, D2 cut-off, power supply is through C1, D1 forms the loop, to capacitor C l charging, because charge circuit resistance is very little, according to the principle of peak value rectification as can be known, capacitor C l is charged to peak value
Ui, and substantially remain unchanged; This moment, diode D2 was in cut-off state, and C2 is not recharged;
When piezoelectric ceramic PZT output voltage is negative half period, DI cut-off, D2 conducting; At this moment the magnitude of voltage that fills at positive half cycle of C1
Ui, and the addition of supply voltage same polarity, its maximum is
Ui; Through after several charge cycles, the voltage on the C2 is like this
Ui, thus realized the purpose of voltage-doubler rectification.
6. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described many voltage doubling rectifing circuits are voltage tripler rectifier circuit, and operation principle is: C1 is charged to when first positive half cycle of sinusoidal voltage source
, the voltage during first negative half period on the C2 is charged to approaching
, when second positive half cycle, D1, the D3 conducting, the D2 cut-off, the voltage on the C2 is connected with power supply and through D3 C3 is charged to
Thereby, obtain the commutating voltage of approximate three multiplication of voltages at the load two ends.
7. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described voltage stabilizing charging circuit comprises MAX1672 chip and peripheral component thereof, the MAX1672 integrated chip boost dc/dc converter that contains linear voltage regulator, have the function of boost type or buck DC/DC converter.
8. a kind of road vibration generating device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the peripheral component of described MAX 1672 chips mainly comprises the tantalum electric capacity of the inductance of a Schottky diode, a l0uH, two 100uF, electric capacity and the some resistance of a 4.7uF of output termination; One of the tantalum electric capacity of two 100uF is connected on input, mainly plays the effect of removing the input ripple; Because the output resistance of upper level rectification circuit is larger, will produce larger output ripple for the switching load that strengthens, the electric capacity of 4.7uF plays exactly alleviates the load acute variation, reduces the effect of output pulsation; The output resistance of the tantalum electric capacity of another 100uF is less, can effectively improve output current.
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Cited By (12)
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CN103824933A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-05-28 | 长安大学 | Road piezoelectric transducer and preparation method and imbedding method thereof |
CN103956934A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-30 | 同济大学 | Superimposed column type bituminous pavement energy harvesting device |
CN104104268A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-15 | 张书傲 | Collection device applied to mobile power supply charging |
CN104143856A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-12 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Energy storing charging circuit with vibration energy collector |
CN104242475A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州大学 | Energy collecting device of microelectronic device |
CN104821744A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-05 | 中交四航工程研究院有限公司 | Bridge sling power generation system based on piezoelectric effect |
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CN108718160A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-30 | 新奥泛能网络科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric transducer based on mechanical oscillation and method |
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