CN101685986A - Wind and light complementary power generation system using super capacitor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind and solar power generation, and in particular relates to a wind and solar hybrid power generation system using a supercapacitor. The power generation system adds a supercapacitor auxiliary circuit on the basis of the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system, which is used to buffer the excessively high or low voltage generated by the system, and supply power to the battery pack with an appropriate voltage after voltage regulation. The auxiliary circuit consists of a supercapacitor module and a voltage regulator. This system can not only greatly improve the efficiency of the wind-solar hybrid system, but also can withstand high-current and high-voltage rapid charging due to the high power density of the supercapacitor, which further improves the overvoltage protection performance of the wind-solar hybrid system. The system can be realized conveniently, and can be used in wind and solar hybrid systems of various powers, and has great commercial value and social benefits.

Description

Wind-solar hybrid power generation system using supercapacitor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind and solar power generation, and in particular relates to a wind and solar hybrid power generation system using a supercapacitor.

Background technique

The wind-solar hybrid system is a new energy power generation system that has developed rapidly in recent years. my country has abundant wind energy resources and solar energy resources, and wind energy and solar energy have good complementarity, so the wind and solar hybrid system has a good development potential.

However, due to natural reasons, wind energy and solar energy are non-ideal renewable energy sources with great uncertainty. Most of the time, wind energy and solar energy cannot reach the ideal intensity. In many cases, the wind speed is too low or the solar energy is weak, and the voltage generated by the wind turbine or solar panel is not enough to charge the battery, so it can only be wasted in vain. When the wind speed is too high or the sunshine intensity is too high, the voltage generated by the system is too high and the battery will be damaged. At present, when the wind turbine exceeds the wind speed, the energy is generally consumed by the discharge resistor, which causes a lot of waste; There is no better solution to the situation where the intensity of sunlight is too high. We can only leave a certain margin for the battery to prevent overvoltage.

Ultracapacitor (ultracapacitor) refers to a new type of capacitor developed in recent years. Its energy density is more than 10 times higher than that of conventional capacitors, which can reach Farad level or even thousands of Farads. Compared with batteries, supercapacitors have high power density, Features such as long life. Supercapacitors allow fast charging, and can usually be charged and discharged within 1-2 minutes, which is very suitable for applications with high instantaneous power and frequent charging and discharging. With the development of science and technology, the price of supercapacitors will be further reduced, their performance will be further improved, and there will be wider applications in the field of wind power generation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind-solar hybrid power generation system, which can provide complementary adjustments to different voltages generated under different conditions of wind force and sunshine intensity.

The wind-solar hybrid power generation system proposed by the present invention adds an auxiliary power supply buffer device, that is, a supercapacitor module and a voltage regulator, to the existing wind-solar hybrid power generation system. When the wind speed is too high or the sunshine intensity is too high, the input voltage generated by the system is added to the supercapacitor, and then charged to the battery after being regulated by a voltage regulator; The capacitor is charged, and then the super capacitor is quickly discharged after a certain period of time, generating a high voltage to charge the battery.

The present invention is a wind-solar hybrid power generation system using a supercapacitor, and its composition is as follows:

1) A supercapacitor module is installed on the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system, which is used to absorb the excessive voltage generated by the fan and solar panel combination system under high wind speed or when the sunshine is too strong;

2) A voltage regulator is provided, which is respectively connected with the supercapacitor module, the charging and discharging controller of the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system and the battery pack; the energy stored in the supercapacitor is released at an appropriate voltage, Charging the battery pack;

3) A supercapacitor voltage and current sensor and a battery pack voltage and current sensor are installed, and the detection results are input to the charge and discharge controller, so that the controller can simultaneously control the main power supply of the original system and the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor.

The charge and discharge controller control chip adopts single-chip microcomputer, DSP and other devices to control the action of the DC/DC converter by collecting voltage and current signals and outputting PWM signals.

The main power supply of the system is composed of a group of 200AH lead-acid batteries in series; lithium-ion batteries or nickel-metal hydride batteries can also be used.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.

Numbers in the figure: 1 is the wind power generator, 2 is the bypass switch of the wind turbine overload discharge resistor, 3 is the wind turbine rectifier, 4 is the solar battery pack, 5 is the DC-DC converter, 6 is the supercapacitor bank, and 7 is the voltage regulator , 8 is a charging and discharging controller, 9 is a battery pack, 10 is an inverter circuit, and 11 is a user load.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the technical route for the implementation of this scheme is: on the basis of the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system, add a super capacitor auxiliary circuit system, the system is composed of a super capacitor module and a voltage regulator, and the super capacitor module is composed of several super capacitors The monomers are connected in series to form groups, and each group is then connected in parallel to form. In this way, the power generation system includes: wind generators, solar battery packs, supercapacitor modules, voltage regulators, DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, charge and discharge controllers, battery packs, inverter circuits and loads wait. The charging and discharging controller is a pulse controller or a multi-stage controller or a bypass controller, and devices such as single-chip microcomputers and DSPs can be used.

The charging and discharging controller includes a control circuit and a full-bridge controllable conversion circuit. The control circuit is connected with the fan, solar panel voltage detection circuit, battery current, voltage detection circuit, and supercapacitor current and voltage detection circuit; the full-bridge controllable conversion circuit adopts a bidirectional step-up and step-down converter circuit, as shown in Figure 2.

The control chip of the control circuit adopts a single-chip microcomputer or DSP, collects voltage and current signals, and outputs PWM signals to control the action of the full-bridge controllable conversion circuit; various levels required by the controller are provided by the battery. The power device of the full-bridge controllable conversion circuit adopts field effect transistor MOSFET or IGBT tube.

The switch tubes T1, T2, T3, T4 and the diodes D1, D2, D3, D4 form a bidirectional step-up and step-down converter circuit. As well as the voltage generated by the fan and solar cells, the control chip outputs PWM to control the action of the switching tube to make the circuit work in one of the following four states: driving step-down conversion, driving step-up conversion, braking step-up conversion, braking step-down transform. Charge the battery directly with the voltage generated by wind turbines and solar panels, or input the supercapacitor when the generated voltage is too high or too low, and then charge the battery;

Concrete working principle of the present invention is:

When the wind speed is too high or the sunshine intensity is too high, T4 is turned on, T2 and T3 are turned off, T1 works in PWM chopper modulation, the full bridge circuit works in the driving step-down conversion state, and the voltage generated by the system is input into the super capacitor module.

When the wind speed and sunshine are weak, T1 and T2 are turned off, T3 and T4 are turned on, and the weak voltage generated by the system is input into the supercapacitor module.

When the wind speed and sunshine are normal, and the voltage of the supercapacitor module is higher than 120v, T1 and T3 are turned off, T2 is turned on, T4 works in PWM chopping modulation, and the electric energy in the supercapacitor is charged to the battery pack through voltage regulation.

When the wind speed and sunshine are normal, T2 is turned on, T3 and T4 are turned off, T1 works in PWM chopping modulation, and the voltage generated by the system directly charges the battery.

Claims (3)

1. A wind-solar hybrid power generation system using a supercapacitor, characterized in that the specific composition is as follows: 1) A supercapacitor module is installed on the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system, which is used to absorb the excessive voltage generated by the fan and solar panel combination system under high wind speed or when the sunshine is too strong; 2) There is a voltage regulator, which is respectively connected with the supercapacitor module, the charging and discharging controller of the original wind-solar hybrid power generation system and the battery pack, and releases the energy stored in the supercapacitor at an appropriate voltage. Charging the battery pack; 3) A supercapacitor voltage and current sensor and a battery pack voltage and current sensor are installed, and the detection results are input to the charge and discharge controller, so that the controller can simultaneously control the main power supply of the original system and the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor. 2. The wind-solar hybrid power generation system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that the supercapacitor module is composed of several supercapacitor monomers connected in series, and each group is then connected in parallel. 3. The wind-solar hybrid power generation system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, wherein said charge and discharge controller includes a control circuit and a full-bridge controllable conversion circuit; The current and voltage detection circuits are connected with the supercapacitor current and voltage detection circuits; the full-bridge controllable conversion circuit adopts a bidirectional step-up and step-down converter circuit.

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