CN103323737B - Based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method and system thereof - Google Patents
Based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method and system thereof, described method comprises: the signal that RS-485 receiver receives is stored in register by (1); (2) storage data is judged; (3) switch polarity switch; (4) detect end, start subsequent data and receive.Described system comprises inverter, acceptor unit, transmitter unit and Check up polarity unit; Check up polarity unit comprises clock circuit, polarity detection circuit and shift register; Described transmitter unit signal input tube pin is connected with inverter, and described acceptor unit signal input tube pin is connected with another inverter.During the networking of RS-485 module of the present invention, A, B polarity can be changed arbitrarily; Adopt and only on concentrator or collector, add pull down resistor, make networking simple and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric device, specifically relate to a kind of based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method and system thereof.
Background technology
In power industry, general multifunctional electric energy meter communication protocol (DL/T645-1997) that adopts is as the Long-distance Control communications protocol of ammeter.
RS-485 is a kind of interface standard, and it has following features and becomes first-selected serial interface standard:
1) RS-485 interface level is low, the chip of not fragile interface circuit, and the flat Transistor-Transistor Logic level of this level is compatible, can conveniently be connected with TTL circuit.
2) the data maximum transmission rate of RS-485 interface is 10Mbps.
3) maximum communication distance of RS-485 interface is 4000 feet (about 1219 meters).
4) RS-485 interface adopts the combination of balance driver and differential receiver, and anti-common mode disturbances ability strengthens, and namely noise immunity is good.
5) RS-485 interface can support 256 nodes in bus, and maximum supports 400 nodes.
RS-485 Application of Interface at point-to-point, point-to-multipoint communication field, such as industrial control automation, road traffic control automation, smart card, work attendance, gate inhibition, industrial collecting and distributing compartment system, closed-circuit control, safety-protection system, POS system, automatic building control system, self-service bank system etc.
The exemplary interface chip that RS-485 communication uses has the SP485R series of SIPEX company.The pin definitions of SP485E chip as shown in Figure 1, wherein,
RO: be receiver output signal;
RE: be receiver enable signal, when logic ' 0 ', chip is in accepting state, receiver starts to receive data, after the differential signal of A, B two pins input being carried out amplify and judge, export from RO pin, the standard judged is differential signal between A, B when being less than-200mV, and output logic is ' 0 '; When differential signal between A, B is greater than 200mV, output logic is ' 1 ';
DE: be transmitter enable signal, when logic ' 1 ', chip is in transmission state, and transmitter starts to send data, by the signal of " DI " pin input after balance driver process, from A, B two pin output difference sub-signals;
DI: be transmitter input signal;
GND: ground;
A/B: differential signal pin, when RE and DE is ' 0 ', as the input pin of receiver; When RE and DE is ' 1 ', as the output pin of balance driver;
VCC: power supply
The communication networking circuit diagram of this chip as shown in Figure 2, in figure, RS-485 intermodule is connected by twisted-pair feeder, RS-485 module and MCU(single-chip microcomputer) between have three holding wires mutual, RO, DE and DI respectively, wherein DE and RE is connected, DE is that high level is effective, and RE is Low level effective, achieves RS-485 half-duplex and controls.Main frame RS-485 connects pull-up resistor R1 and pull down resistor R2, other do not connect pull down resistor from machine RS-485, when RS-485 is in accepting state, it is high-impedance state between A, B, on this, the differential voltage between A, B is kept the state of A>B by pull down resistor, avoids the uncertain state of differential signal between A, B.In addition, when long-distance transmissions, need at main frame with farthest from the indirect terminal build-out resistor Re of the differential signal line of machine.
From RS-485 module definition, in this module, A, B difference transmission lines is fixing, non-swappable, and the input signal of DI carries out homophase output through balance driver A end, B holds is anti-phase output.If the reverse polarity connection of A, B in RS-485 module, then this module loses communication function, correctly can not receive the data that other modules are sent, and can not correctly send to other module datas, and this RS-485 communication module is called there is polarity RS-485 module.
There is polarity RS-485 module in networking process, must according to the connection request of holding wire A, B, the polarity of exact connect ion holding wire A, B, this reduces networking efficiency, adds installation cost.And be easy to connect instead in Practical Project during RS-485 module interconnects, bring very large inconvenience to Networked E-Journals and the maintenance in later stage, affect the stable of network and overall performance, therefore need a kind of nonpolarity RS-485 module of exploitation to meet the demands.
At present, this is had to two kinds of methods processed:
The first scheme: install two cover RS-485 chip and peripheral circuits in RS-485 inside modules, A, B are completely contrary for this two covers circuit definitions holding wire, and only use wherein a set of a moment, and another set of is closed condition.When MCU find within longer a period of time not with any other module generation communication, be then switched to another set of circuit thus recover normal communication.This scheme has 2 deficiencies:
1) need two cover RS-485 chip and peripheral circuits, greatly increase the cost of chip, components and parts and pcb board, and take larger area;
2) require that MCU participates in judgement and the control of polarity, take the resource of MCU.
First scheme: if MCU finds that RS-485 module does not all carry out successfully communication with other modules within longer a period of time, then by anti-phase for RO, DI two signal pins, namely logic ' 0 ' is converted to ' 1 ', ' 1 ' is converted to ' 0 '.The anti-phase solution of RO leg signal receives unsuccessful problem, and the signal inversion of DI pin solves and sends unsuccessful problem.This scheme has 2 deficiencies:
1) easily cause erroneous judgement, reliability is not high;
2) require that MCU participates in polarity and judges and control, the resource of MCU need be taken.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of RS-485 interface polarity detection method based on multi-function watt-hour meter communication protocol and system thereof, utilize the RS based on multifunctional electric energy meter stipulations provided by the invention ?485 communication interface device for detecting polarities automatically can detect and switch A, B holding wire polarity, thus achieve when not increasing cost, when not changing performance index nonpolarity RS ?the requirement of 485 systems.Too complexity, polarity easily connect anti-problem to solve existing polarity detection method.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
(1) signal that RS-485 receiver receives is stored in register;
(2) storage data is judged;
(3) switch polarity switch;
(4) detect end, start subsequent data and receive.
Preferably, described step (1) comprises and the RS-485 receiver differential signal received between A, B is converted to single-ended signal and stores in a shift register; Whether described step (2) judges to comprise to switch the diverter switch of recipient and transmitter and judges.
Preferably, described step (2) is included in clock falling edge and judges the data in register.
Preferably, judge described in described step (2) to comprise to judge whether signal transmits with the signal in register as 0x68 or 0x97, determine whether to maintain polarity switch state.
Preferably, the described disconnection of described step (3) comprises the diverter switch conversion of receiver and the diverter switch conversion of transmitter, and diverter switch adopts electromagnetic relay to realize.
Preferably, described step (3) comprises initial condition, electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P1, electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P1; When connecting correct, electromagnetic relay attracting state is constant; With
When judgement connects anti-phase, corresponding voltage, to electromagnetic relay generation effect, makes electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P2, electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P2;
The inverter of described receiver is effective, the data inversion that receiver receives; The inverter of transmitter is effective, the data inversion that transmitter receives.
The present invention is based on one that another object provides based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises inverter, acceptor unit, transmitter unit and Check up polarity unit; Check up polarity unit comprises clock circuit, polarity detection circuit and shift register;
Described transmitter unit signal input tube pin is connected with inverter, and described acceptor unit signal input tube pin is connected with another inverter.
Preferably, described shift register is connected with receiver.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
RS-485 communication interface of the present invention can detect A, B holding wire polarity automatically, and automatically switches according to Check up polarity state, achieves the requirement of nonpolarity RS-485 system when not increasing cost, when not changing performance index.
(1) during the networking of RS-485 module, A, B polarity can be changed arbitrarily.
(2) employing only adds pull down resistor on concentrator or collector, makes networking simple and reliable.
(3) nonpolarity RS-485 makes electric energy meter constructing communication network more convenient.
(4) during nonpolarity RS-485 networking to engineering construction and later maintenance all very convenient.
(5) realize simple and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pin schematic diagram of the SP485R chip of SIPEX company provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is that one provided by the invention is based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection system schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that one provided by the invention is based on electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Communication interface device for detecting polarity based on multifunctional electric energy meter pact of the present invention is applied to RS-485 communication interface, this RS-485 interface polarity detection system comprises an acceptor unit, a transmitter unit and a Check up polarity unit, Check up polarity unit comprises a clock circuit and a polarity detection circuit, the clock that this polarity detection circuit utilizes clock circuit to provide carries out 8 bit shift register latches to the header signal that acceptor unit receives, and the data according to shift register judge RS-485 communication interface polarity.
What received acceptor unit by polarity detection circuit carries out 8 bit shift register latches, when the signal of this register is 0x68, then judges that RS-485 communication interface polarity is correct; When signal is 0x97, then judge RS-485 communication interface error-polarity connection; When signal is not 0x68 or 0x97, then maintain current polarization state.
Sender signal input pin is connected to an inverter, has a diverter switch can switch this inverter simultaneously, and this diverter switch is connected with polarity detection circuit and controls by it, and diverter switch adopts electromagnetic relay to realize.During initial condition, electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P1, electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P1, inverter is invalid; If RS-485 communication interface polarity is correct, electromagnetic relay attracting state is constant, i.e. electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P1, electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P1; If RS-485 communication interface incorrect polarity, corresponding voltage is to electromagnetic relay generation effect, and make electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P2, electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P2, inverter is effective; The inverter of described receiver is effective, the data inversion that receiver receives; The inverter of transmitter is effective, the data inversion that transmitter receives.
Receiver signal output pin is connected to an inverter, there is a diverter switch can switch this inverter simultaneously, this diverter switch is connected with polarity detection circuit and controls by it, if RS-485 communication interface polarity is correct, then diverter switch state is constant, and inverter is invalid, if RS-485 communication interface incorrect polarity, then diverter switch changes switching state, and inverter is effective, receives and send the signal of reception anti-phase after inverter.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, polarity detection method flow process provided by the invention is:
1, when RS-485 interface communication, according to the requirement of multifunctional electric energy meter stipulations (DL/645-1997), transmission preamble byte 0xfe and frame head 0x68 during communication, is first wanted, and then position, transfer address, data bit etc.
If 2 adopt lead byte 0xfe to judge, the probability then judged by accident is larger, therefore frame head 0x68 is adopted to judge, be stored in 8 bit shift register by the RS-485 receiver differential signal received between A, B, at clock falling edge, the data in register are judged, if the data of register are 0x68, then illustrate that Check up polarity is correct; If the data of register are 0x79, then Check up polarity mistake is described; If the data in register are not 0x68 or 0x97, then illustrate that data are also transmitted, now maintain polarization state constant.
3, when judging that Check up polarity is correct or maintain polarization state, the diverter switch of receiver keeps electromagnetic relay S2 adhesive P1 state, and now the inverter of receiver is invalid, the data positive that receiver receives; The diverter switch of transmitter keeps electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive P1 state simultaneously, and now the inverter of transmitter is invalid, the data positive that transmitter sends.
4, when judging Check up polarity mistake, the diverter switch of receiver switches to magnetic relay S2 adhesive P2 state, and now the inverter of receiver is effective, the data inversion that receiver receives; The diverter switch of transmitter switches to magnetic relay S1 adhesive P2 state simultaneously, and now the inverter of transmitter is effective, and the data inversion that transmitter sends reaches the object of automatic polarity switch.
From the above mentioned, implement RS-485 communication interface of the present invention and automatically can detect A, B holding wire polarity, and automatically switch according to Check up polarity state, achieve the requirement of nonpolarity RS-485 system when not increasing cost, when not changing performance index, allow field personnel connect arbitrarily A, B holding wire when RS-485 networking and still can normally work.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description; those of ordinary skill in the field can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement under the inspiration of content disclosed in present specification, but these amendments or equivalent replacement are all being applied among the claims awaited the reply.
Claims (2)
1., based on an electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
(1) by RS-485 receiver acknowledge(ment) signal storage register;
(2) storage data is judged;
(3) diverter switch disconnects;
(4) end is detected;
Described step (1) comprises the differential signal received between A, B by RS-485 receiver and stores in a shift register;
Whether described step (2) judges to comprise to disconnect the diverter switch of receiver and transmitter and judges;
Described step (2) is included in clock falling edge and judges the data in register;
Judge described in described step (2) to comprise to judge whether signal transmits with the signal in register as 0x68 or 0x97, determine whether to maintain polarization state;
The described disconnection of described step (3) comprises the diverter switch disconnection of receiver and the diverter switch disconnection of transmitter, diverter switch adopts electromagnetic relay to realize, when connecting correct, electromagnetic relay S1 adhesive, when judging to connect anti-phase, corresponding voltage, to electromagnetic relay generation effect, makes S1 disconnect; The inverter of described receiver is effective, the data inversion that receiver receives; The inverter of transmitter is effective, the data inversion that transmitter receives.
2., based on an electric energy meter communication protocol RS-485 interface polarity detection system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises inverter, acceptor unit, transmitter unit and Check up polarity unit; Check up polarity unit comprises clock circuit and frame head polarity detection circuit;
Described transmitter unit signal input tube pin is connected with inverter, and described acceptor unit signal input tube pin is connected with another inverter;
By polarity detection circuit, shift register latch is carried out to the header signal that acceptor unit receives;
Data according to shift register judge RS-485 communication interface polarity;
According to the data mode of register, switch the switch of receiver and transmitter.
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| CN106546833B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-10-09 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of electric energy meter RS-485 communication chip networkings test system |
| CN105262501A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 福州东日信息技术有限公司 | Slave computer receiver, receiving system and slave computer receiving and sending system |
| CN107204789B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-08-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | CAN chip and electronic equipment |
| CN108600243A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-28 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Communication means based on 485 buses and 645 communication protocols and its electric energy meter |
| CN109101362A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-28 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Communicate bearing calibration, device, readable storage medium storing program for executing and slave |
| CN109714235B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2024-06-11 | 武汉光谷电气有限公司 | Non-polar RS485 communication interface and method for realizing non-polar RS485 communication |
| CN110361762A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-22 | 南京俊禄科技有限公司 | The polar reception device of automatic identification NMEA |
| CN111522720B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-02-22 | 深圳智微电子科技有限公司 | RS485 interface access state detection circuit and detection method |
| CN111835598B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-08-22 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Test method and system compatible with polarity 485 networking simulation |
| CN111862572A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-10-30 | 杭州华罡智能科技有限公司 | RS485 terminal meter reading system and meter reading mode |
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Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Co-patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Co-patentee after: STATE GRID HENAN ELECTRIC POWER Co. Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Co-patentee before: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION Research Institute Patentee before: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Co-patentee before: STATE GRID HENAN ELECTRIC POWER Co. Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Co-patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION Research Institute Patentee after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Co-patentee after: STATE GRID HENAN ELECTRIC POWER Co. Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Co-patentee before: STATE GRID SMART GRID Research Institute Patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China Co-patentee before: ELECTRIC POWER OF HENAN |
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