CN103320618B - Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board - Google Patents
Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320618B CN103320618B CN201310262065.9A CN201310262065A CN103320618B CN 103320618 B CN103320618 B CN 103320618B CN 201310262065 A CN201310262065 A CN 201310262065A CN 103320618 B CN103320618 B CN 103320618B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from a waste circuit board. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, crushing the waste circuit board into fragments with the particle size of 5mm-20mm by a double-tooth-roller type crusher; then, crushing the fragments of the waste circuit board into particles with the size of 0.06mm-0.5mm by a high-speed impact type crusher; next, separating the mixed particles with the size of 0.06mm-0.5mm of the waste circuit board into metal mixed particles and nonmetal particles by a multi-roller type high voltage electrostatic sorting machine; then, dissolving the metal mixed particles of the waste circuit board by a microorganism (pseudomonas) leaching reactor to obtain a mixed metal ion solution; and finally, sequentially exchanging precious metal ions and common metal ions from the metal mixed solution by a metal exchange reactor. Compared with chemical and physical methods for recovering precious metal from a crushed waste circuit board, the physical separation and bioleaching united method has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, no pollution and the like and can be used for overcoming defects that the precious metal in the waste circuit board is difficult to recover by the physical method and serious secondary pollution can be caused by the chemical method in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to separation and the recovery of waste and old circuit board precious metal, be a kind of technological method of waste printed circuit board high added value resource utilization, belong to solid waste resource recovery field.
Background technology
Along with science and technology constantly progress, the appearance of electric equipment products makes the standard of living of people day by day improve.Circuit card is as the core component of various electric equipment products, and its learies constantly becomes large along with the increase of waste and old electric electrical equipment amount.Containing abundant metals resources in waste printed circuit board, comprise the precious metal such as gold and silver, palladium, the non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminium, zinc, tin, lead, the base metals such as iron.In addition, the nonmetal resource that content is a large amount of is gone back in waste printed circuit board.Therefore, the resource utilization of waste printed circuit board has become the hot issue in resource recovery field.At present, about the patented technology application of discarded circuit board resource utilization mainly concentrates on metal and nonmetal resource reclaim two aspects.Metals resources reclaims the method adopted and mostly is Physical (" fragmentation of waste and old printed circuit board and high-pressure electrostatic separation method ", the patent No. 200510023785.5, " high-pressure electrostatic separation method of waste PCB grains and device ", the patent No. 200510023788.9) and Chemical Leaching method (method of tin, copper and lead " in a kind of Selectively leaching discarded circuit board ", application number 200910082443.9).In physical recovering method waste printed circuit board during the metals resources such as copper, zinc, lead, usually adopt the method that fragmentation-physical separation combines.This method successfully can reclaim the metalliferous material of more than 95% from smashing waste circuit card.But; the deficiency that Physical shows when separating metal granular mixture in ability (embodies separation rate according to adopted method difference not high; or cost of equipment is too high; the situation that production cost is too high); especially (bullion content is less to be embodied in recovery precious metal aspect; and the more difficult separation of general physical separation method, or high cost).When Chemical Leaching method reclaims the metals resources in waste printed circuit board, the rate of recovery is high, and can reclaim most of metal.But Chemical Leaching method can bring serious secondary pollution, as waste water, spent acid mist etc., bring heavy environmental protection pressure to whole production technique.Meanwhile, the use of a large amount of chemical brings potential safety hazard to production process, and the recovery of precious metal may also need to use chloroazotic acid, the huge cytotoxic chemical articles for use such as prussic acid.
Bioleaching is a kind of a kind of method utilizing the meta-bolites given off in microorganism growth, metabolic process to dissolve, leach target substance, has the advantage of environmental protection, low cost.The precious metal in Microorganism Leaching waste printed circuit board is utilized to be feasible in theory.Unique unfortunately the usual efficiency of bioleaching process is lower, and especially when processing waste printed circuit board, its nonmetallic ingredient and other metal component can destroy the leaching process of precious metal, reduces the leaching rate of precious metal.
Therefore, only use a kind of method to reclaim precious metal in waste printed circuit board and show certain limitation, the coupling of multiple method becomes the necessity reclaiming precious metal in waste printed circuit board.But the current patent application about the recovery of waste printed circuit board precious metal and pertinent literature are reported less, and the relevant information that precious metal in waste printed circuit board is reclaimed in multiple method coupling almost has no.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of combining physical sepn and Bioleaching, the high added value that present method not only achieves waste printed circuit board reclaims, and also has efficient and eco-friendly feature.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of combining physical sepn and Bioleaching, comprises the following steps:
(1) bi-fluted roller type crusher is adopted waste printed circuit board to be broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm;
(2) adopt high-speed impact pulverizer that waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm;
(3) high pressure electrostatic separator is adopted to be that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle and non-metallic particle by granularity;
(4) pseudomonas is cultivated, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached and produces the strongest state of prussic acid ability, by reach produce prussic acid ability the strongest state pseudomonas and step (3) in metal mixed particle at room temperature react in Microorganism Leaching reactor, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, metal mixed particle carries out metal Leaching reaction under prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, is secondly inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution of leaching is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, collect filtering the metal ion solution obtained, there are two metal ion species once monitor in the metal ion solution collected, stop the collection of metal ion solution at once, to ensure the purity of the metal ion solution collected; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal successively; Adopt metal displacement reaction device by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively by the precious metal in hybrid metal solion and common metal ion exchange out.
Preferably, described bi-fluted roller type crusher and high speed impact pulverizer all adopt recirculated water temperature controlling system, keep breaking temperature lower than 80 DEG C.
Preferably, described high pressure electrostatic separator is multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste board metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The first, the microorganism in Microorganism Leaching reactor of the present invention is a kind of pseudomonas, and its metabolic process has the ability of secretion prussic acid, simultaneously under the condition of nutritive deficiency, has the ability of decomposing prussic acid; After Leaching reaction terminates, pseudomonas can decompose remaining prussic acid, avoids secondary pollution.
Second, bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator, Microorganism Leaching reactor and metal displacement reaction device composition closed system, employing travelling belt between system or transferpump carry out the transmission of material, and whole system is carried out under air-proof condition.
3rd, recirculated water temperature controlling system all equipped by bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, and breaking temperature controls below 80 DEG C, produces secondary pollution to prevent brominated flame retardant release and non-metallic material in waste printed circuit board shattering process from decomposing.
4th, compare with physical recovering method smashing waste circuit card precious metal with chemical method, the present invention has the features such as cost is low, efficient, pollution-free, overcomes domestic employing Physical and is difficult to reclaim the shortcoming that waste printed circuit board precious metal and chemical method can produce serious secondary pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that the present invention combines the waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of physical sepn and Bioleaching;
In figure, 1 is waste printed circuit board; 2 for closing bi-fluted roller type crusher; 3 is closed high speed impact pulverizer; 4 is multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator; 5 is metal mixed particle; 6 is nonmetal composite grain; 7 is Microorganism Leaching reactor; 8 is metal displacement reaction device; 9 is conveying belt; 10 is transferpump.
Embodiment
Embodiment below in conjunction with example is further explained the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Combine a waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals for physical sepn and Bioleaching, comprise the following steps:
(1) adopt bi-fluted roller type crusher 2 that waste printed circuit board 1 is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm;
(2) adopt high-speed impact pulverizer 3 that waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm;
(3) high pressure electrostatic separator 4 is adopted to be that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle 5 and nonmetal composite grain 6 by granularity;
(4) pseudomonas is cultivated, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached and produces the strongest state of prussic acid ability, by reach produce prussic acid ability the strongest state pseudomonas and step (3) in metal mixed particle at room temperature react in Microorganism Leaching reactor 7, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, metal mixed particle carries out metal Leaching reaction under prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, is secondly inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution of leaching is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, collect filtering the metal ion solution obtained, there are two metal ion species once monitor in the metal ion solution collected, stop the collection of metal ion solution at once, to ensure the purity of the metal ion solution collected; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal successively; Adopt metal displacement reaction device 8 by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively by the precious metal in hybrid metal solion and common metal ion exchange out.
Bi-fluted roller type crusher and high speed impact pulverizer all adopt recirculated water temperature controlling system, keep breaking temperature lower than 80 DEG C.
High pressure electrostatic separator is multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste board metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%.
Microorganism in Microorganism Leaching reactor of the present invention is a kind of pseudomonas, and its metabolic process has the ability of secretion prussic acid, simultaneously under the condition of nutritive deficiency, has the ability of decomposing prussic acid; After Leaching reaction terminates, pseudomonas can decompose remaining prussic acid, avoids secondary pollution.
Bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator, Microorganism Leaching reactor and metal displacement reaction device composition closed system, employing travelling belt between system or transferpump carry out the transmission of material, and whole system is carried out under air-proof condition.
Recirculated water temperature controlling system all equipped by bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, and breaking temperature controls below 80 DEG C, produces secondary pollution to prevent brominated flame retardant release and non-metallic material in waste printed circuit board shattering process from decomposing.
Compare with physical recovering method smashing waste circuit card precious metal with chemical method, the present invention has the features such as cost is low, efficient, pollution-free, overcomes domestic employing Physical and is difficult to reclaim the shortcoming that waste printed circuit board precious metal and chemical method can produce serious secondary pollution.
Embodiment 2
First by conveying belt 9, waste printed circuit board 1 is sent into twin tooth type roller crusher 2 and carry out fragmentation, granularity is the fragment of 5-20 mm; Then by conveying belt 9, the fragment of granularity 5-20 mm feeding high speed impact, pulverizer 3 are pulverized, granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm; By travelling belt 9, the waste printed circuit board particle of 0.06-0.5 mm is sent into multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator 4 and carry out being separated of metal and non-metallic particle, isolate metallic particles 5 and non-metallic particle 6; Metallic particles 5 delivers into microorganism (pseudomonas) Leaching reaction device 7 through conveying belt 9, carries out dissolving metal reaction, obtains hybrid metal solion; Hybrid metal solion delivers into metal displacement reaction device 8 through transferpump 10, carries out replacement(metathesis)reaction, displaces precious metal and common metal successively.
Claims (1)
1. combine a waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals for physical sepn and Bioleaching, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) adopt bi-fluted roller type crusher waste printed circuit board to be broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm, bi-fluted roller type crusher adopts recirculated water temperature controlling system, keeps breaking temperature lower than 80 DEG C;
(2) adopt high-speed impact pulverizer that waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm, high speed impact pulverizer adopts recirculated water temperature controlling system, keeps breaking temperature lower than 80 DEG C;
(3) high pressure electrostatic separator is adopted to be that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle and non-metallic particle by granularity, high pressure electrostatic separator is multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste board metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%;
(4) pseudomonas is cultivated, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached and produces the strongest state of prussic acid ability, by reach produce prussic acid ability the strongest state pseudomonas and step (3) in metal mixed particle at room temperature react in Microorganism Leaching reactor, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, metal mixed particle carries out metal Leaching reaction under prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, is secondly inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution of leaching is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, collect filtering the metal ion solution obtained, there are two metal ion species once monitor in the metal ion solution collected, stop the collection of metal ion solution at once, to ensure the purity of the metal ion solution collected; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal successively; Adopt metal displacement reaction device by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively by the precious metal in single ionic solution and common metal ion exchange out.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310262065.9A CN103320618B (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board |
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| CN201310262065.9A CN103320618B (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board |
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| CN103320618B true CN103320618B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| CN107119194B (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-11-20 | 中山大学 | A kind of the high-performance bio leaching method and device of waste and old circuit board noble metal |
| JP2019037944A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Printed circuit board scrap crushing device and printed circuit board scrap crushing method |
| TWI688731B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2020-03-21 | 陳宣榮 | Waste electronic product processing method and processing device |
| CN109174293B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-11-27 | 杭州翔毅科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic combined sorting equipment for core materials of waste power lithium batteries |
| CN111945003A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 无锡市蓝格林金属材料科技有限公司 | Precious metal recovery method for three-way catalytic converter with ceramic carrier |
| CN112176189B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-11-29 | 安徽超越环保科技股份有限公司 | Biological leaching method for valuable metals in waste circuit boards |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1786222A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | 浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司 | Grinding recovery treatment technology of waste electron wiring board and its equipment |
| CN101538651A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-09-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling metal |
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| JP2007308762A (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Osaka Univ | Low environmental load type metal recovery method using cyanogen formation and decomposition bacteria |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1786222A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | 浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司 | Grinding recovery treatment technology of waste electron wiring board and its equipment |
| CN101538651A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-09-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling metal |
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