CN103320618A - Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board - Google Patents
Physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320618A CN103320618A CN2013102620659A CN201310262065A CN103320618A CN 103320618 A CN103320618 A CN 103320618A CN 2013102620659 A CN2013102620659 A CN 2013102620659A CN 201310262065 A CN201310262065 A CN 201310262065A CN 103320618 A CN103320618 A CN 103320618A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical separation and bioleaching united method for recovering precious metal from a waste circuit board. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, crushing the waste circuit board into fragments with the particle size of 5mm-20mm by a double-tooth-roller type crusher; then, crushing the fragments of the waste circuit board into particles with the size of 0.06mm-0.5mm by a high-speed impact type crusher; next, separating the mixed particles with the size of 0.06mm-0.5mm of the waste circuit board into metal mixed particles and nonmetal particles by a multi-roller type high voltage electrostatic sorting machine; then, dissolving the metal mixed particles of the waste circuit board by a microorganism (pseudomonas) leaching reactor to obtain a mixed metal ion solution; and finally, sequentially exchanging precious metal ions and common metal ions from the metal mixed solution by a metal exchange reactor. Compared with chemical and physical methods for recovering precious metal from a crushed waste circuit board, the physical separation and bioleaching united method has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, no pollution and the like and can be used for overcoming defects that the precious metal in the waste circuit board is difficult to recover by the physical method and serious secondary pollution can be caused by the chemical method in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to separation and the recovery of waste and old circuit board precious metal, is a kind of technological method of waste printed circuit board high added value resource utilization, belongs to the solid waste resource recovery field.
Background technology
Along with science and technology is constantly progressive, the appearance of electric equipment products so that people's standard of living day by day improve.Circuit card is as the core component of various electric equipment productss, and its learies is along with the increase of waste and old electric electrical equipment amount constantly becomes large.Waste printed circuit board contains abundant metals resources, comprises the precious metals such as gold and silver, palladium, the non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminium, zinc, tin, lead, the base metals such as iron.In addition, go back a large amount of nonmetal resource of content in the waste printed circuit board.Therefore, the resource utilization of waste printed circuit board has become the hot issue in resource recovery field.At present, the patented technology application about the discarded circuit board resource utilization mainly concentrates on metal and two aspects of nonmetal resource recovery.Metals resources reclaims the method that adopts and mostly is Physical (" fragmentation of waste and old printed circuit board and high-pressure electrostatic separation method ", the patent No. 200510023785.5, " high-pressure electrostatic separation method of waste PCB grains and device ", the patent No. 200510023788.9) and Chemical Leaching method (" a kind of selectivity leaches tin in the discarded circuit board, copper and plumbous method ", application number 200910082443.9).In the physical recovering method waste printed circuit board during metals resources such as copper, zinc, lead, the method that usually adopts fragmentation-physical separation to combine.This method can success from the smashing waste circuit card, reclaim metalliferous material more than 95%.Yet; Physical has shown the deficiency on the ability and (has embodied separation rate according to the method difference that adopts not high when the separating metal granular mixture; or cost of equipment is too high; the situation that production cost is too high); especially (bullion content is less to be embodied in recovery precious metal aspect; and general physical separation method is difficult the separation, or high cost).When the Chemical Leaching method reclaimed metals resources in the waste printed circuit board, the rate of recovery was high, and can reclaim most of metal.Yet the Chemical Leaching method can be brought serious secondary pollution, and such as waste water, spent acid mist etc. have brought heavy environmental protection pressure for whole production technique.Simultaneously, the use of a large amount of chemical has brought potential safety hazard to production process, and the recovery of precious metal may also need to use chloroazotic acid, the huge cytotoxic chemical articles for use such as prussic acid.
Bioleaching is a kind of meta-bolites dissolving that gives off in microorganism growth, the metabolic process, a kind of method that leaches target substance utilized, and has environmental protection, advantage cheaply.Utilizing the precious metal in the Microorganism Leaching waste printed circuit board is feasible in theory.Unique deficiency be that the common efficient of bioleaching process is lower, especially when processing waste printed circuit board, its nonmetallic ingredient and other metal component can destroy the leaching process of precious metal, reduce the leaching rate of precious metal.
Therefore, only use a kind of method to reclaim that precious metal shows certain limitation in the waste printed circuit board, the coupling of several different methods becomes the inevitable demand that reclaims precious metal in the waste printed circuit board.Yet patent application and pertinent literature report that at present relevant waste printed circuit board precious metal reclaims are less, and the relevant information that precious metal in the waste printed circuit board is reclaimed in the several different methods coupling almost has no.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of uniting physical sepn and Bioleaching, present method has realized that not only the high added value of waste printed circuit board reclaims, and also has efficient and eco-friendly characteristics.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of uniting physical sepn and Bioleaching may further comprise the steps:
(1) adopt the bi-fluted roller type crusher that waste printed circuit board is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm;
(2) adopt high speed impact formula pulverizer that the waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm;
(3) adopting high pressure electrostatic separator is that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle and non-metallic particle with granularity;
(4) cultivate pseudomonas, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached produce the strongest state of prussic acid ability, to reach and produce the prussic acid ability the pseudomonas of strong state and the metal mixed particle in the step (3) at room temperature react in the Microorganism Leaching reactor, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, the metal mixed particle carries out the metal Leaching reaction under the prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, secondly is the inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution that leaches is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, the metal ion solution that filtration obtains is collected, in case monitor when having two metal ion species in the metal ion solution of collecting, stop at once the collection of metal ion solution, with the purity of the metal ion solution that guarantees to collect; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain successively the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal; Adopt the metal displacement reaction device by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively with the precious metal in the hybrid metal solion and common metal ion exchange out.
Preferably, described bi-fluted roller type crusher and high speed impact pulverizer all adopt the recirculated water temperature controlling system, keep broken temperature to be lower than 80 ℃.
Preferably, described high pressure electrostatic separator is the multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste circuit card metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The first, the microorganism in the Microorganism Leaching reactor of the present invention is a kind of pseudomonas, and its metabolic process has the ability of secretion prussic acid, under the condition of nutritive deficiency, has the ability of decomposing prussic acid simultaneously; After Leaching reaction finished, pseudomonas can be decomposed remaining prussic acid, avoids secondary pollution.
Second, bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator, Microorganism Leaching reactor and metal displacement reaction device form closed system, employing travelling belt or transferpump between the system carry out the transmission of material, and whole system is carried out under air-proof condition.
The 3rd, bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer are all equipped the recirculated water temperature controlling system, and broken temperature is controlled at below 80 ℃, to prevent that brominated flame retardant discharges and non-metallic material decomposition generation secondary pollution in the waste printed circuit board shattering process.
The 4th, compare with physical recovering method smashing waste circuit card precious metal with chemical method, the present invention has the characteristics such as cost is low, efficient, pollution-free, has overcome that domestic employing Physical is difficult to reclaim the waste printed circuit board precious metal and chemical method can produce the shortcoming of serious secondary pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that the present invention unites the waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of physical sepn and Bioleaching;
Among the figure, 1 is waste printed circuit board; 2 are sealing bi-fluted roller type crusher; 3 is closed high speed impact pulverizer; 4 is the multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator; 5 is the metal mixed particle; 6 is nonmetal composite grain; 7 is the Microorganism Leaching reactor; 8 is the metal displacement reaction device; 9 is conveying belt; 10 is transferpump.
Embodiment
Embodiment below in conjunction with example is further explained the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of uniting physical sepn and Bioleaching may further comprise the steps:
(1) adopt bi-fluted roller type crusher 2 that waste printed circuit board 1 is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm;
(2) adopt high speed impact formula pulverizer 3 that the waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm;
(3) adopting high pressure electrostatic separator 4 is that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle 5 and nonmetal composite grain 6 with granularity;
(4) cultivate pseudomonas, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached produce the strongest state of prussic acid ability, to reach and produce the prussic acid ability the pseudomonas of strong state and the metal mixed particle in the step (3) at room temperature react in Microorganism Leaching reactor 7, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, the metal mixed particle carries out the metal Leaching reaction under the prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, secondly is the inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution that leaches is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, the metal ion solution that filtration obtains is collected, in case monitor when having two metal ion species in the metal ion solution of collecting, stop at once the collection of metal ion solution, with the purity of the metal ion solution that guarantees to collect; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain successively the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal; Adopt metal displacement reaction device 8 by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively with the precious metal in the hybrid metal solion and common metal ion exchange out.
Bi-fluted roller type crusher and high speed impact pulverizer all adopt the recirculated water temperature controlling system, keep broken temperature to be lower than 80 ℃.
High pressure electrostatic separator is the multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste circuit card metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%.
Microorganism in the Microorganism Leaching reactor of the present invention is a kind of pseudomonas, and its metabolic process has the ability of secretion prussic acid, under the condition of nutritive deficiency, has the ability of decomposing prussic acid simultaneously; After Leaching reaction finished, pseudomonas can be decomposed remaining prussic acid, avoids secondary pollution.
Bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer, multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator, Microorganism Leaching reactor and metal displacement reaction device form closed system, employing travelling belt or transferpump between the system carry out the transmission of material, and whole system is carried out under air-proof condition.
Bi-fluted roller type crusher, high speed impact pulverizer are all equipped the recirculated water temperature controlling system, and broken temperature is controlled at below 80 ℃, to prevent that brominated flame retardant discharges and non-metallic material decomposition generation secondary pollution in the waste printed circuit board shattering process.
Compare with physical recovering method smashing waste circuit card precious metal with chemical method, the present invention has the characteristics such as cost is low, efficient, pollution-free, has overcome that domestic employing Physical is difficult to reclaim the waste printed circuit board precious metal and chemical method can produce the shortcoming of serious secondary pollution.
Embodiment 2
At first by conveying belt 9 waste printed circuit board 1 is sent into twin tooth type roller crusher 2 and carry out fragmentation, granularity is the fragment of 5-20 mm; Then by conveying belt 9 the fragment of granularity 5-20 mm send into high speed impact, pulverizer 3 is pulverized, granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm; By travelling belt 9 the waste printed circuit board particle of 0.06-0.5 mm is sent into multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separator 4 and carry out separating of metal and non-metallic particle, isolate metallic particles 5 and non-metallic particle 6; Metallic particles 5 delivers into microorganism (pseudomonas) Leaching reaction device 7 through conveying belt 9, carries out the dissolving metal reaction, obtains the hybrid metal solion; The hybrid metal solion delivers into metal displacement reaction device 8 through transferpump 10, carries out replacement(metathesis)reaction, displaces successively precious metal and common metal.
Claims (3)
1. a waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of uniting physical sepn and Bioleaching is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) adopt the bi-fluted roller type crusher that waste printed circuit board is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5-20 mm;
(2) adopt high speed impact formula pulverizer that the waste printed circuit board fragment is ground into the particle that granularity is 0.06-0.5 mm;
(3) adopting high pressure electrostatic separator is that the smashing waste circuit card composite grain of 0.06-0.5 mm is separated into metal mixed particle and non-metallic particle with granularity;
(4) cultivate pseudomonas, substratum is beef extract-peptone-sodium-chlor substratum, pseudomonas is reached produce the strongest state of prussic acid ability, to reach and produce the prussic acid ability the pseudomonas of strong state and the metal mixed particle in the step (3) at room temperature react in the Microorganism Leaching reactor, pseudomonas secretes prussic acid, the metal mixed particle carries out the metal Leaching reaction under the prussic acid effect, obtain metal ion solution, prussic acid preferentially leaches active common metal, secondly is the inertia precious metal;
(5) metal ion solution that leaches is obtained metal ion solution through fine and close depth filtration, deep bed filtration, the metal ion solution that filtration obtains is collected, in case monitor when having two metal ion species in the metal ion solution of collecting, stop at once the collection of metal ion solution, with the purity of the metal ion solution that guarantees to collect; Repeat to leach leaching process, obtain successively the single ionic solution of common metal, the single ionic solution of precious metal; Adopt the metal displacement reaction device by replacement(metathesis)reaction successively with the precious metal in the hybrid metal solion and common metal ion exchange out.
2. the waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of associating physical sepn as claimed in claim 1 and Bioleaching is characterized in that, described bi-fluted roller type crusher and high speed impact pulverizer all adopt the recirculated water temperature controlling system, keeps broken temperature to be lower than 80 ℃.
3. the waste printed circuit board method for recovering precious metals of associating physical sepn as claimed in claim 1 and Bioleaching, it is characterized in that, described high pressure electrostatic separator is the multi roll separator, and the separation rate of smashing waste circuit card metal and non-metallic particle is more than 99%.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107119194A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-09-01 | 中山大学 | The high-performance bio leaching method and device of a kind of waste and old circuit board noble metal |
| CN109174293A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 王志强 | A kind of waste power lithium battery core material electromagnetism combined sorting equipment |
| JP2019037944A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Printed circuit board scrap crushing device and printed circuit board scrap crushing method |
| TWI688731B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-03-21 | 陳宣榮 | Waste electronic product processing method and processing device |
| CN111945003A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 无锡市蓝格林金属材料科技有限公司 | Precious metal recovery method for three-way catalytic converter with ceramic carrier |
| CN112176189A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 常宁市华兴冶化实业有限责任公司 | Biological leaching method for valuable metals in waste circuit boards |
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| JP2007308762A (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Osaka Univ | Low environmental load type metal recovery method using cyanogen formation and decomposition bacteria |
| CN101538651A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-09-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling metal |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1786222A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | 浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司 | Grinding recovery treatment technology of waste electron wiring board and its equipment |
| JP2007308762A (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Osaka Univ | Low environmental load type metal recovery method using cyanogen formation and decomposition bacteria |
| CN101538651A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-09-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling metal |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107119194A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-09-01 | 中山大学 | The high-performance bio leaching method and device of a kind of waste and old circuit board noble metal |
| JP2019037944A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Printed circuit board scrap crushing device and printed circuit board scrap crushing method |
| TWI688731B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-03-21 | 陳宣榮 | Waste electronic product processing method and processing device |
| US11059020B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2021-07-13 | Hsuan-Jung Chen | Electronic waste processing method and apparatus thereof |
| CN109174293A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 王志强 | A kind of waste power lithium battery core material electromagnetism combined sorting equipment |
| CN111945003A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 无锡市蓝格林金属材料科技有限公司 | Precious metal recovery method for three-way catalytic converter with ceramic carrier |
| CN112176189A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 常宁市华兴冶化实业有限责任公司 | Biological leaching method for valuable metals in waste circuit boards |
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