CN103313612B - 一种可食用组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种可食用组合物，特别是涉及一种用于提供对氧化应激和由酒精引起的肝损伤的保护即护肝的可食用组合物。发明人出乎意料地发现当归提取物和特定草药的组合提供了对氧化应激和肝损伤的保护。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可食用组合物，特别是涉及一种用于提供对氧化应激和由酒精引起的肝损伤的保护即护肝的可食用组合物。
发明背景
在人体摄入多种化学品(包括酒精)时会导致氧化应激的提高而损害肝细胞，因此需要提供充分的肝保护。
CN1136457A(1996年公开)涉及一种治疗肝硬化、由肝硬化引起的腹水、急性和慢性肝炎和胆汁性膀胱炎的药物。这种药物的主要成分是当归。
WO2006/090980(Bionutrigen公司，2006年)涉及防止肥胖和高血脂的食品。其中制备了含有大量生物类黄铜物质、多酚物质或膳食纤维的植物的粉末或混合粉末、沸水提取物或乙醇提取物，以及用这些制剂处理肉产品、加工肉产品或乳制品。
发明目的
因此，本发明的一个目的是克服或改善现有技术中的至少一种缺陷。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种防止由酒精引起肝损伤的可食用组合物。
本发明的进一步目的是提供一种充分护肝的可食用组合物。
本发明的发明人出乎意料地发现当归提取物和特定草药的混合物提供了对氧化应激和防止肝损伤的保护。
发明概述
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供一种包含如下成分的可食用组合物：
a.0.1％-12％的当归；和
b.2％-12％的南非醉茄。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供上述第一个方面的可食用组合物作为药物的用途。
发明的详细说明
当归
当归是一种草药，也被称为中国当归或女人人参或Dong Kwai或Dong Quai或fermal ginseng。本发明使用的术语当归包括Angelica sinensis、东当归(Angelica acutiloba)、欧洲当归(Angelina archangelica)、Angelica atropurpurea、白芷(Angleica dahurica)、可食当归(Angelica edulis)、大当归(Angelica gigas、滨海当归(Angelica keiskei)、朝鲜当归(Angelica koreana)、拐芹(Angelica polymorpha)、重齿毛当归(Angelica pubescens)、Angelica radix和林当归(Angelica silvestris)。优选地，当归是Angelica sinensis。可以使用该植物的任何部位，不过根部是优选的部位。优选当归以水提取物、更优选以粉末的形式使用。
所述的可食用组合物包含0.1％-12％重量的当归，优选1.5％-12％重量。
南非醉茄
本发明使用的术语“南非醉茄”包括Withania somnifera，Withania coagulens和Withania simonii。优选地，南非醉茄是Withania somnifera。可以使用南非 醉茄的任何部位，不过根部是优选的部位。优选南非醉茄以水提取物的形式使用，更优选以粉末的形式使用。
所述的可食用组合物包含2％-12％的南非醉茄。
对于所述可食用产品的类型没有特殊限制，可以是人们日常生活消耗的任何可食用产品，例如各种汤、果酱/果冻、番茄酱、面包等中的任何一种。
果酱/果冻形式的可食用组合物
果酱是公知的产品，尤其是人们在早餐时与面包一起食用。果酱/果冻组合物主要包含糖、水果果浆、结构物、酸度调节剂、水、风味剂和防腐剂。
本发明提供一种优选呈果酱形式的可食用组合物，其包含(a)当归和(b)南非醉茄。该果酱组合物包含0.1％-12％的当归。
所述果酱组合物还包含2％-12％的南非醉茄。
所述果酱组合物包含30％-70％，较优选40％-70％，最优选45％-70％的糖。
制备果酱的一个重要原料是水果果浆。水果可以是任何可获得的水果，对水果品种没有偏爱。也可以使用不同水果果浆的混合物。所述果酱组合物优选包含10％-50％，较优选15％-50％的水果果浆。
所述果酱组合物还可以优选包含结构物，该结构物优选是多粮/胶。最优选的多糖选自果胶、黄原胶和瓜尔胶。
酸度调节剂，例如柠檬酸，也可以优选添加到果酱组合物中。
也可以优选添加防腐剂，如山梨酸钾或苯甲酸钠或任何其他种类的防腐剂。
根据消费者的需要，还可以在果酱组合物中添加不同种类的色素和风味剂。
可食用组合物的用途
优选地，所述可食用组合物用作药物。
优选地，所述药物用作治疗或预防酒精引起的肝损伤。
根据本发明另一个优选的方面，所述药物用于提供肝保护。
根据本发明另一个优选的方面，所述药物用于治疗或预防氧化应激。本发明将借助于实施例进行阐述，这些实施例仅仅作为阐述的目的，并不对发明的范围具有任何的限制。
实施例
制备草药提取物
使用标准化的方法由Anju Phytochemical，Bangalore获得南非醉茄提取物。简单地说，在提取物的制备中所遵循的程序包括以下步骤。将干燥的草药的根茎研磨成细粉并过筛。将所述粉末在60-80℃的热蒸馏水中进行提取并浓缩。将浓缩的提取物在喷雾干燥机中采用170-180℃的入口空气温度和75-80℃的出口空气温度、5分钟的与热空气的接触时间进行干燥。
冷冻干燥的当归提取物按如下所述制备：在800ml水中添加100克的细研磨的草药粉末，在旋转蒸发器(rotavap)中于80℃下提取8小时。提取后，用平纹细布(muslin cloth)过滤混合物，冷冻干燥滤液，得到草药提取物。
实验中使用的是新鲜制得的在水中的提取物。为了制备草药原液，将100mg干燥的提取物粉末添加到100ml水中，在90℃下加热该混合物10分钟。在1600g下离心所得的悬浮液10分钟。以重量测定法测定上清液中固体的含量。
体外肝切片培养
在对草药的护肝作用进行评估的时候，使用肝切片培养模型作为动物模型的替代品。肝切片来自丢弃的死亡小鼠的肝，该死亡小鼠是源自另一研究员的培养胰腺组织的单独项目，其涉及收割胰腺组织和丢弃小鼠尸体。培养胰腺组织的项目与Unilever无关，也不受其资助或赞助。获得的肝组织仅来自上述丢弃的死亡小鼠，这些肝切片用于实验中以研究化合物的护肝活性的可能机理。
按照由Wormser等人开发的方案(生物体外的毒物学；第4卷，第6版，1990年，第783-789页)和Invittox Protocol No.42((1992年)，INVITTOX，英格兰)维持肝切片培养。切除肝叶(lobes)并转移至预热的Krebs Ringer Hepes(KRH)缓冲液(2.5mlM Hepes，pH7.4，118mMNaCl，2.85mMKCl，2.5mM CaCl2，1.5mMKH2PO4，1.18mMMgSO4，5mM β-羟基丁酸酯和4.0mM葡萄糖)中。然后，使用锋利的解剖刀片将肝切成薄片，使用重量4-6mg的切片进行实验。每个实验包含20-22个切片。这些切片用10ml KRH缓冲液每隔10分钟清洗，持续1小时，然后在含有2ml KRH小的塞口烧杯中于37℃摇动水浴中预培养60分钟。在预培养结束时，用2ml新鲜的KRH缓冲液代替上述介质，在37℃下用单独乙醇(1732mM)或含有不同浓度的草药及其组合(250ppm，125ppm)的乙醇培养2小时。在培养结束时，在冰浴下在1ml冷的磷酸钾缓冲液(100ml，pH7.8)中以100mg/ml的浓度将每组切片进行均质化。将匀浆和用过的介质(homogenates and spent medium)在4℃下以10,000rpm离心10分钟。收集上清液，使用标准的方案(Whalefeld，1983-Wahlefeld，A.W.(1983)UV-methodwith L-lactate and NAD.在Methods of EnzymaticAnalysis(Bergmeyer，H.U.等人，eds)第3版，第3卷，第126-133页，Verlag Chemie，Weinheim)测定细胞毒性标记酶即乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性。使用来自Anju Phytochemicals的南非醉茄和菊苣的水提取物，以及冷冻干燥的当归提取物。
表1显示了释放的LDH结果％，以及与以下实施例的标准偏差：对照组(即没有任何添加物的肝切片)(实施例A)，仅乙醇(实施例B)，菊苣提取物(实施例C和F)，南非醉茄(实施例D和G)，当归(实施例E和H)，当归和菊苣的组合(实施例1)，当归和南非醉茄的组合(实施例2)。实施例A(LDH＝6.6％)被认为提供100％的保护，实施例B(LDH＝50.15％)被认为提供0％的保护。用该刻度计算保护的百分数％，即保护％＝(50.15-LDH值)/(50.15-6.6)*100。
表1：生物体外研究肝切片的结果
显然，当归与南非醉茄的组合具有协同的效果。
制备果酱组合物
使用表2中的成分制备果酱组合物。
表2：果酱组合物
果浆组合物的制备方法如下。首先，将糖添加到水中制得糖浆。然后将水果果浆加入到糖浆中，并适当地混合。接着，测定该混合物的白利糖度(Brix)值，结果为60左右。然后添加柠檬酸，检查酸度。该混合物的pH值应当小于3.3。最后，添加色素、风味剂、防腐剂和草药提取物，并适当地混合。然后，将该混合物煮沸10分钟，热灌到瓶子中。
水果果浆通常含有大量水。根据配方的水含量和要求的果酱稠度，人们能够选择具有合适水含量的水果果浆。
果酱组合物的感官评价
由5人的专家组品尝上述果酱组合物并进行打分。感官评价涉及给味道、口感、余味(如果有的话)打分。评价的结果概括如下：
表3：含有当归和南非醉茄的果酱组合物
从表3和表4中显而易见，可以在可食用组合物(果酱)中添加大量的所选草药而不影响味道。
因为本发明不限于一种特定的可食用组合物，所以这些草药的组合可以用于任何可食用组合物以提供护肝的益处。根据可食用组合物，也可将大量的这些草药添加到组合物中。
Claims (5)
1.一种可食用组合物，包含由下述组成的药物组分：
a. 0.1%-12%重量的当归和；
b. 2％-12%重量的南非醉茄，
并且其中当归与南非醉茄的比例为1：1。
2.根据上述权利要求所述的可食用组合物，其为果酱/果冻。
3.根据上述任一项权利要求所述的可食用组合物，其用作药物。
4.如权利要求3所述的可食用组合物，其中所述药物用于治疗或预防由酒精引起的肝损伤。
5.如权利要求3所述的可食用组合物，所述药物用于提供肝保护。
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| PCT/EP2011/068562 WO2012055820A1 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2011-10-24 | An edible composition |
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| CN107897889A (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 兰州大学 | 一种当归菊粉咀嚼片及其配制方法 |
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