CN1033070C - 有弹性侧边折叶的吸收制品 - Google Patents
有弹性侧边折叶的吸收制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1033070C CN1033070C CN92114813A CN92114813A CN1033070C CN 1033070 C CN1033070 C CN 1033070C CN 92114813 A CN92114813 A CN 92114813A CN 92114813 A CN92114813 A CN 92114813A CN 1033070 C CN1033070 C CN 1033070C
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- layer
- closure member
- insert
- cardinal extremity
- top layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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Abstract
一种有渗液顶层,不渗液背层和用来吸收人体渗出液而定位在上述两者中间的吸收垫的吸收制品,沿该吸收制品的每一侧向边缘还有一弹性的侧边折叶。该侧边折叶有一由顶层或背层、或一可选用的第二无纺布构成的封闭件,该封闭件是从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出并返回到所述的侧向边缘;一个由从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出的层状物构成的插入件。一弹性材料沿插入件长度的一部分固定,和一密封条把封闭件中的插入件在其基端进行固定。
吸收卫生制品提供了更好的贴合和泄漏保护以及更好的舒适感。
Description
本发明涉及一种新颖的吸收制品,尤其是一种卫生制品,如一种卫生巾或一种吸收纸片。其中使用的词组“吸收制品”是指吸收和容纳人体渗出物的装置,更确切地讲,是指抵在或贴近穿戴者身体,以吸收和容纳身体中代谢出的各种渗出物的装置。
象卫生巾或纸尿片一类的吸收制品,除了要防止渗出物泄漏之外,还需要很好地且舒适地与身体相贴。
比如,已经普遍采用的弯曲的卫生巾,其初始张力下的弹性材料被配置在卫生巾的纵向边缘上。如果一块卫生巾在弹性材料的作用下,形成一弯曲的形状,则身体的贴合会更好,且不仅使穿戴者的贴合感觉得到改善,而且能减少侧边的泄漏。美国专利4,865,230、4,701,177和4,770,657公开了这种卫生巾。
在上述美国专利公开的吸收制品中,弹性材料直接或间接粘在与身体接触的纸表面边缘处。一个密封条把边缘处的弹性材料与中心处的吸收芯分隔开。在这种常规结构中,通过使表面纸层和弹性材料折皱,卫生巾一类的吸收制品可获得弯曲的形状。
但是,上述常规的吸收制品存在着一个问题,即它会因为边缘表层上出现的深皱折而引起不舒服的感觉,且在使用弯曲形状的吸收制品时会降低舒适感,尤其在表层是弹性材料时,更是这样。因此,这类卫生巾不十分令人满意,卫生巾和其他吸收制品在妥贴、舒适和容量方面有进一步改善的必要。
本发明的目的是提供一种吸收制品,它能在使用时提高身体的贴合性,且能在舒适和减少侧边泄漏方面得到改善。
本发明提供了一种吸收制品,它包括了一个面向穿戴者、与身体相接触、可渗透液体的顶层,一个面向外层、不渗透液体的背层,和一个在其之间吸收人体渗出液的液体吸收垫,其特征在于有一个沿着所述吸收制品每个侧边设置的弹性侧边折叶,所述的侧边折叶包括:
一个封闭件,它有一开口朝吸收垫边缘的基端,一个末端,一个面向外的部分和一个面向穿戴者的部分;
一个插入件,它穿过所述的基端开口进入所述封闭件,并有一末端和一基端;
一个弹性材料,它沿着所述插入件长度的一部分固定在所述基端外侧,其中所述的弹性材料是不与所述封闭件固定在一起的;以及,
一个密封条在相应的基端处把所述插入件与所述封闭件的所述朝外和朝穿戴者的部分相连。
附图说明:
图1表示本发明的卫生巾;
图2表示本发明的另一种卫生巾;
图3表示穿过本发明横向中心线的剖面图;
图3a表示穿过本发明另一实施例横向中心线的局部剖面图;
图3b表示穿过本发明又一个实施例横向中心线的局部剖面图;
图4表示穿过本发明再一个实施例横向中心线的局部剖面图;
图4a表示穿过本发明又再一个实施例的横向中心线的局部剖面图;
图4b表示穿过本发明另一个实施例的横向中心线的局部剖面图;
图5表示穿过本发明又一个实施例的横向中心线的局部剖面图;以及
图5a表示穿过本发明又再一个实施例的横向中心线的局部剖面图;
如图1所示,吸收制品1整体上常常大致地呈矩形,尽管二端边可以分别是弧形部分5。吸收件4一般比背层小;且大致为矩形,尽管其两端边是以弧形部分6的形式存在的,而弧形部分6与背层3的弧形部分5形状相似。吸收垫4的纵向两侧7向内弯曲,所以中心部分稍窄。
图2表示了一个实例,其中吸收垫4的纵向侧边7′和弹性侧边折叶20的热密封条10′是被做成直线的。
吸收制品1有两条中心线:纵向中心线和横向中心线。“纵向”一词在此处是指吸收制品1平面内的一条直线、轴或方向,该线、轴或方向一般对准(比如大致地平行于)当吸收制品1被穿戴时把站立着的穿戴者身体平分为右左两半的垂直平面。“横断”或“横向”在此处是可相互代换的,是位于吸收制品1平面内的、基本上垂直于纵向的线、轴或方向。
顶层基本上完全盖住面向穿戴者的吸收垫的表面。最好是,顶层伸出吸收垫的周边,或裹住吸收垫的侧向边缘,且固定在背层上,以封住吸收垫。
本发明吸收制品1的一个实施例表示在图3中。该吸收制品1由一渗液顶层2,一不渗液背层3,和位于其间吸收从人体排出的体液,且有一对侧向边缘7的液体吸收垫4组成,其特征在于包括一个沿所述吸收垫每一侧向边缘7的弹性侧边折叶20,该侧边折叶20包括:
一封闭件21,它由一个从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘7伸出并返回来封闭住该侧向边缘7的层状物构成,且该层状物是从所述顶层2和所述背层3中选出的。所说的封闭件21有一个带有一开口23的基端22,该开口23紧靠所述吸收垫的所述侧边7,该封闭件21还有一个末端24,一向外部分25和一向着穿戴者部分26;
一个插入件30,由一个从所述吸收垫的所述侧边7伸出的层状物构成,且该层状物是从所述顶层和背层中选出的。所述的插入件30穿过所述基端开口23插入所述的封闭件21,且插入件有一末端31和一基端32;
一弹性材料40,沿着所述插入件30长度的一部分固定在所述插入件30的基端22的外侧,其中所述的弹性材料不与所述的封闭件21固定在一起;且
一个密封条10,它把所述的插入件30在所述基端处连到所述封闭件21的向外部分25和向穿戴者部分26上。
弹性侧边折叶20沿着至少每一纵向边缘的中间部分定位,通常是关于制品的横向中心线对称地定位。侧边折叶20可以延伸到制品的纵向侧边的全长上,尽管常规延伸该制品纵向侧边长度的25%至100%,但最好是40%~60%。弹性侧边折叶包括一封闭件,一插入件和一弹性材料及一密封条。
封闭件21可以由顶层2或背层3构成,最好由更适于皮肤的顶层2构成。当封闭件21由顶层2构成时,背层可以做为插入件30用。封闭件21通过把其层状物,此时为顶层2,伸过吸收垫的边缘7,并在末端24处向内折叠并返回吸收芯的边缘而构成。所谓“向内”折叠是指折向一个穿过吸收芯Z方向(或高)中间的X-Y取向(或长和宽)的平面。当顶层(向着穿戴者的一层)作为封闭件层时,它可以朝外方向折回;当背层(朝外层)作为封闭件层时,它可以朝穿戴者的方向折回。如图3所示,当顶层2构成封闭件21时,它可以继续延伸并盖住吸收制品背层的侧边。封闭件的基端22靠近侧向边缘7,且有一开口23,插入件30穿过该开口可插入封闭件21内。封闭件21的宽度(从基端22到末端24)一般在10~25mm,最好在15~20mm左右。基端22固定在吸收垫边缘的外侧,一般不大于20mm,最好不大干5mm。基端22最好沿侧边折叶整个长度尽可能地靠近吸收垫边缘7定位。
插入件30通过把背层3,或当背层作封闭件时把顶层2,延伸过吸收垫4的边缘7,穿过开口23并进入封闭件21内而构成。插入件的末端31可以延伸到封闭件的末端24。它也可以在封闭件21内折叠或卷缩。插入件30的延伸过封闭件基端22的部分的有效长度至少是5mm为佳,10~15mm更好。插入件30的末端31做成不受封闭件21的约束且不与之连接,至少沿其中心部位是如此。
另一方面,顶层或背层也可以既作封闭件又作插入件。如图3a所示,顶层2如前所述那样构成封闭件21,然后再从位于或靠近吸收垫边缘7的折点55处向内折叠。余下的顶层端部随之被插入封闭件内。在此实施例中,背层的边缘可以伸向侧边密封条10并被其固定,也可以做为插入件插入封闭件内。相反地,如图3b所示,背层,尽管它不太适宜于穿戴者的皮肤,仍能既作封闭件又作插入件。在此时,该密封条10处在折叠背层3的末端边缘24和折点55之间。
弹性材料40为弹性的侧边折叶提供弹力。弹性材料40沿至少插入件长度的一部分固定在基端32的外侧。一般来说,弹性材料40在被装置41(未示出)固定在插入件30上之前,是被预拉伸的。当使弹性材料处于预拉伸状态下的力被释放时,弹性材料把插入件收缩并聚向一起,密封条10把插入件30在其基端32处固定于封闭件21上,并防止弹性材料40完全收缩到它的彻底松驰状态。弹性材料40沿插入件30长度的至少25%进行固定较好,沿插入件的40%~60%更好。弹性材料40不与封闭件21相连。由弹性材料40收缩导致的或由于弹性材料40自身原因而在插入件30内形成的任何硬度或皱折,都由于有封闭件21层状物而使其与穿戴者的皮肤分离开,这样使舒适感和对皮肤的保护不会降低。由于弹性材料不与穿戴者的皮肤直接接触,所以材料的范围和弹性大小可以很宽。弹性材料40可以是弹性的带、绳或由包括合成或天然橡胶的材料制成的薄膜,诸如:LYCRA、弹性稀布(scrin),弹性薄膜(包括可热收缩的弹性薄膜),弹性纺织或无纺布,弹性复合材料,诸如弹性无纺叠层制品、合成或天然橡胶泡沫等等。较好的弹性带是由美国罗得岛Fulflex生产的9411牌号现售的天然橡胶。弹性材料可以预拉伸到适宜聚拢或收缩侧边折叶20到需要形状,而不会在穿戴者皮肤上引起明显有害影响的任意长度。一般弹性材料可以预拉伸大约5%到100%(原始松弛长度的105%到200%),10%到30%左右最好。弹性材料可以用一种固定方法41,诸如机械粘合或粘结粘合,固定在插入件上。机械粘合可以包括压力或热粘合,它可以把插入件与弹性件粘合起来。最好用粘结的办法。适宜的粘结剂是热融粘结剂,诸如由美国威斯康星州Elm Grove的Findley Adhesives公司出售的Findley粘结剂H2085或H2119。插入件30可以围绕着弹性材料40折叠或弯曲,以改善连接。另一方面,尤其当采用可预拉伸的薄膜时,弹性材料40也可在插入件30的末端31被包裹住。弹性材料40最好被固定在离插入件基端32至少5mm左右的地方,离基端10~15mm左右更好。远离插入件基端32的弹性材料40的固定连接,为收缩弹性材料提供了把插入件末端聚集在一起并把吸收制品端部向上拉起以使制品呈适于穿戴者的形状的力臂,该力臂还使弹性侧边折叶向上竖起并抵住穿戴者的大腿以更好地贴合和防止泄漏。
侧边折叶20的密封条10沿着封闭件21的基端22构成,密封条10可以是连续或间断的,它可以是直线或曲线的,曲线形密封条为向内弯曲朝向吸收垫较好,且有大于30度的孤度为好。密封条最好(和封闭件的基端)应与吸收垫侧向边缘7的形状相配合。该密封条的长度一般至少和弹性材料一样长,比弹性材料长一些较好。在本发明典型的卫生巾中,密封条大约50~280mm,约100~160mm的长度最好。密封条用于固定插入件30并容许弹性材料40把吸收垫的纵向两端拉起。密封条10也帮助防止从吸收垫边侧泄漏。密封条10可以是机械的或粘结剂的封条。密封条必须把封闭件21的朝外部分25和朝穿戴者部分26与插入件30,在它们各自基部,充分地粘合在一起。密封条10可以是机械的或粘结剂的封条。机械力封条是最好的。在此处,“机械力”也包括热力,诸如那种在热密封中所使用的。这种机械力可能用超声波装置或压紧辊的方式施加为好,两方式用作此目的都是已知的。较好的机械封条是一种压力粘合封条,它把封闭件21的热塑性材料与插入件30的垫塑性材料粘合到一起。在密封侧边折叶的一种合适的方法中,被组装好的制品在一转动砧辊和一转动的压紧辊之间通过,这样压在密封区域上的力通常大约为每平方厘米1500~5000公斤,从而形成一个宽度一般在0.5~6mm的密封条,最好从2~4mm宽。温度用低于80℃左右为宜,最好是在室温下操作砧座和压紧辊。较高的温度只是在气温大大低于层状物热塑熔融温度时,为避免在该温度下损坏或损伤这些材料才使用。形成密封条10的另一个较好的方法是在弹性板和底盘的热塑性材料熔融温度下或超过该温度的情况下,通过加热转动的砧辊和/或转动的压紧辊,并施加一个比较低的压力以避免在连接好的区域内损坏或损伤无纺纤维层状物来实现的热密封。密封也可以用粘结剂或化学密封把封闭件21的材料和插入件30的材料粘合在一起来获得。
本发明另一优选的卫生巾进一步包括第二无纺布层15,它位于顶层2和作为第二顶层的吸收件4之间。第二无纺布层的横向两端可以延伸过吸收垫的横向边缘7,且能作封闭件21或作插入件30使用。在这种卫生巾中,顶层2,背层3或第二无纺布层15都可以充作封闭件21的层状物;或者这些层的组合可以共同构成该封闭件。没有被用于构成的封闭件21的层最好作为插入件30。在图4中,封闭件21由顶层2构成,插入组件30由第二无纺布层15和背层3构成。弹性材料40与两插入件相连。另一方面,仅用背层3或仅用第二层无纺布层15作为插入件30也可以。在图4a中,封闭件是由第二无纺布层15构成的,而背层伸出以形成插入件30。顶层2伸出并由侧边密封条10沿其边缘固定。另一方面如图4b所示,顶层的侧边缘也可以延伸过侧边密封条,至少部分地遮住封闭件21。
在另一实施例中,封闭件可以由背层3构成,且第二无纺布层可以伸出构成插入件。象在前的实施例一样,顶层2可以伸出并由侧边密封条10沿其侧边缘固定,或者可以进一步伸出侧边密封条10,以遮住封闭件朝着穿戴者的部分。顶层还可以插入封闭件作为第二插入件。
在本发明另一卫生巾中,吸收制品1有一个顶层2,该顶层2具有一中心部分,且该中心部分的横向侧边各有一侧边部分,吸收制品1还有一无纺布外层11,该外层沿所述顶层的每一侧边部分定位在面朝穿戴者的表面上。无纺布外层11可以连续或离散地粘合到顶层层状物上以加固定它的边缘以防翻卷和撕裂,且用机械密封(加压或加热密封)的方法较好。无纺布外层11适宜用柔软、舒适、不伤皮肤的无纺纤维,它适宜构成侧边折叶的封闭件21。在这种卫生巾中,顶层2、背层3、或无纺布外层11,或者这些层的组合,可以构成封闭件21的层状物。如图5所示,无纺布外层11也回环到顶层2下构成第二无纺布层15。顶层2构成插入件30。背层延伸过吸收垫并由密封条10固定在封闭件朝外表面25上。在另一优选卫生巾中,如图5a所示,无纺布外层11构成封闭件21,且还可以伸出以遮住背层朝外表面的一部分。在图5a中,背层3和顶层2构成了插入件30;另一方面,背层3和顶层2也可以单独构成插入件30。
使用构成封闭件的无纺布外层11或第二无纺布层15,可减少顶层的用量,顶层通常是比较贵的组成部分,从而降低了生产成本。无纺布层的另一个好处是在舒适和保护皮肤方面得到了改善。
第二无纺布层15和无纺布外层11适宜由舒适皮肤感觉好的无纺纤维构成。无纺布可以由天然纤维(如木质或棉质纤维)、合成纤维(如聚酯或聚丙烯纤维),或天然纤维和合成纤维的组合而构成。无纺布纤维由亲水或做过表面疏水处理的材料构成较好,优选的无纺布纤维是由FukumuraSeishi Kabushiki Kaisha提供的透气性无纺布。这种无纺布包括:第一层和第二层,第一层由约50%(W/W)左右重聚乙烯(PE)和50%(w/w)左右重聚丙烯(PP)的约2旦尼尔的纤维构成,该纤维有一聚丙烯制成的芯和一环绕该芯由聚乙烯制成的外套;第二层由约50%(W/W)左右重聚乙烯(PE)和50%(w/w)左右重聚酯(PET)的约2旦尼尔(denier)的纤维构成,该纤维有一聚酯制成的芯和一个环绕该芯由聚乙烯制成的外套。上述用于第一和第二层中的纤维作为“双成份纤维”在本领域是已知的。这种布可以用任意一层面向穿戴者。
吸收垫4是任何一种能够吸收或存住液体(如:月经和/或尿液)的吸收装置。如上所述,吸收芯4可以制成各种各样的尺寸和形状(如:矩形、椭圆形、水漏形、犬骨形、非对称形等),并且可由各种各样的液体吸收材料制成,这些吸收材料常用于吸水卫生巾和其它吸收制品,诸如粉碎的木质纸浆,而这种纸浆一般认为是透气毡化纤维(airfelt)。其他适宜的吸收材料的例子包括剪切的纤维素填料;熔喷的聚合物包括coform;化学硬化、改型或交联的纤维素;合成纤维诸如弯曲的聚酯纤维;泥炭土;包括纸卷和纸叠层这种精细轻巧的织物;吸水泡沫;吸水海绵;超吸水性聚合物;吸水凝胶材料;或任何类似材料或材料的组合,或它们的混合物。吸收芯的外形和结构也可以改变[例如吸收芯可有不同的厚度区域(如中心较厚的分布),亲水的增减率,超吸水性的增减率,或较低的密度和较低的平均基本重量收容带层;或也可以由一层或更多层结构组成]。但是吸收芯的整体吸收能力应该与吸收制品的设计载荷和预定的用途相适应。进一步地讲,吸收芯的尺寸和吸收能力可以随不同的用途而改变,诸如:尿布、内裤衬垫、月经卫生巾,或夜间卫生巾。
用作本发明吸收垫的典型吸收结构公开在题为“薄的柔性卫生巾”1990年8月21日授予Osborn的美国专利4,950,264;题为“高密度吸收结构”1986年9月9日授予Welsman等人的美国专利4,610,678;题为“有较低密度和较低基本重量收容带层的高密吸收组件”1989年5月30日授予Alemany等人的美国专利4,834,735;以及1986年10月22日出版的署名Duenk等人TheProcter&Gamble公司的欧洲专利申请0,198,683之上。这些专利中每一份都在此作为参考。
在本发明较佳的一种卫生巾中,收容层可以放置在顶层和吸收芯之间。收容层可以有几个功能,包括改善穿过和进入吸收芯的渗出物的芯吸。这里有几个理由说明为什么改善渗出物芯吸是重要的,包括使渗入吸收芯的渗出物分布更均匀和容许把卫生巾1制作得较薄。芯吸在此可以包括在一个,二个或全方位(如:在X-Y平面内和/或正方向上)的方向上的液体的传输。收容层可以由几种不同材料构成,包括合成纤维的无纺或纺织纤维网,合成纤维包括聚酯、聚丙烯或聚乙烯;包括棉或纤维素在内的天然纤维的无纺或纺织纤维网;这些纤维的混合;或任何类似材料或材料的组合。有收容层和顶层的卫生巾的例子,更详细地公开在Osborn的美国专利4,950,264和署名Cree,等人1991年12月17申请的美国专利申请07/810,774的“有融合层的吸收制品”中。这些专利中的每份在此都可作为参考。在优选的实施例中,收容层能以任意一种常规方式与顶层连接以结网成一体,最好是象上述参考文献Cree申请中详细描述的那样用熔融粘合的方法。
在本发明另一个优选的卫生巾中,液体分布带(未表示)的芯吸可以固定在顶层和吸收芯之间。芯吸带为体液沿吸收芯的纵向长度提供渗透性和疏散性,并进入其中。适宜的芯吸带是熔喷或纺粘无纺布,且在吸收制品的纵向方向上加强液体的分布。尤其优选的芯吸带包括一系列在无纺芯吸带中的纵向排列的凸起或凹坑,或两者都有,如1991年11月11日申请的(Procter&Gamble FarEest公司)共同未决的自本专利申请294665/1991所述的那样。
吸收制品1的纵向末端边缘部分通常通过把顶层2和背层3以及任一附加的无纺布纤维层15用密封条10,热封为宜,连接在一起而构成。
适宜的背层3和顶层2,以及附加无纺纤维层15可以利用诸如本领域已知的那些装置(未画出)固定在吸收芯4上。如:背层3和/或顶层2可以用均匀连续的粘合剂层、定型的粘合剂层或用分离线段、螺线或点的粘合剂布置使彼此相互连接起来。已经找到的令人满意的粘合剂是由美国明尼苏达州St.Paul的H.B.Fuller公司生产的标牌HL-1258或H-2031的粘合剂。连接装置适宜由粘合剂细线的开口型网构成,象1986年3月4日授予Minetola等人的美国专利4,573,936“可处理的污物收容包皮”所述的那样,此文献在此作为参考。细线开口型网构成的一种典型的连接装置包含绕进一螺旋型内的几条粘合剂细线,诸如1975年10月7日授予Sprague,Jr的美国专利3,911,173所示的、1978年11月22日授予Zieker等人的美国专利4,786,996所示的、以及1989年6月27日授予Werenloz的美国专利4,842,666所示的装置和方法解释的那些。这些专利中的每一个都作为本文的参考。另一方面,连接方法也可以包含热粘合、压力粘合、超声波粘合,动态机械粘合,或任何其它适合的连接方式,或这些本领域已知连接方式的组合。
顶层2对穿戴者的皮肤来说是柔和、绵软且无刺激的。进一步地说,顶层2是透水性的,它使液体(如:月经和/或尿液)迅速穿过它的厚度。适合的顶层2可以由各种材料制成,诸如纺织的,或无纺的材料:聚合物材料如有孔成型的热塑性薄膜,有孔的弹性薄膜,和临氢重整热塑性薄膜;多孔泡沫;网状泡沫;网状热塑性薄膜;和热塑性稀布(scrin)。适合的纺织或无纺织材料可以由天然纤维(如:木质或棉纤维),合成纤维(如:聚合物纤维,象聚酯、聚丙烯、或聚乙烯纤维)或天然和合成纤维的混合物构成。适宜的顶层是有孔成型的薄膜。有孔薄膜适宜做顶层是由于它们可渗透体液,而且还是不吸收性的,并很少有可能使液体返回穿过它再弄湿穿戴者的皮肤。这些,与身体接触的成型薄膜的表面总是干的,从而减少身体污染且使身体产生更舒适的感觉。适合的成型薄膜是1975年12月30日授予Tompson的美国专利3,929,135:有尖梢毛细作用的吸收结构”;1982年4月13日授予Mullane等人的美国专利4,324,246“有不着色顶层的易于处理的吸收制品”;1982年8月3日授予Radel等人的美国专利4,342,314“有纤维样特性的回弹性网状物”;1984年7月31日授予Ahr等人的美国专利4,463,054“有无光泽耐久表面和布样触感的微膨胀三维弹性网状物”;和1991年4月9日授予Baird的美国专利US.5,006,394“多层的聚合物薄膜”所述的那些。在此处,这些专利中的每一份都作为参考。适合于本发明的顶层,是上述的一或更多份专利中所描述的且用在卫生巾上的由The Procter&Gamble公司,俄亥俄州,作为“日用编织物”出售成型薄膜。
在本发明的优选实施例中,成型薄膜顶层接触身体的表面是亲水性的,所以,与身体表面是不亲水性的相比,能帮助液体更快地穿过顶层,如果表面是不亲水性的,就会减少这种作用,从而使月经流出物不流进吸收芯且披其吸收,而是流出顶层之外。在优选的实施例中,表面活性剂被加入到成型薄膜顶层的聚合物中,诸如在此作为参考的1991年11月19日由Aziz等人提出的美国专利申请07/794,745“有无纺带孔薄膜盖层的吸收制品”所述的。另一方面顶层与身体接触的表面,也可以通过利用一种表面活性剂对它进行处理而获得亲水性,诸如上述参考过的Osborn的美国专利4,950,254所述的表面活性剂,在此可作为参考。
背层是不透过液体的(如:月经和/或尿液),且适宜用薄的塑料薄膜制成,尽管其他柔软的且不透液体的材料也可以使用。此处所用的“柔软”是指,材料是柔和的,可以迅速适应一般形状和人身体的轮廓。背层3防止被吸收的并存储在吸收芯4内的渗出液弄湿与卫生巾接触的物品,如裤子、睡衣和内衣。背层3于是可以是纺织或无纺材料,聚合物薄膜如聚乙烯或聚丙烯的热塑性薄膜,或合成材料如有覆盖膜的无纺材料制成的。适宜的背层是有大约0.012mm(0.5密耳)到0.051mm(2.0密耳)左右厚度的聚乙烯薄膜。实用的聚乙烯薄膜是由俄亥俄州辛辛那提市的Clopay Corpo-ration公司制造的P18-0401牌号产品和印第安纳州Terre Haute的Ethyl Corporation公司Visqueen Division分部制造的XP-39385牌号产品。该背层最好是凸凹浮雕式的和/或表面粗糙的,以提供更象衣服的外观。进一步地说,背层3能让水蒸气从吸收层4(如:可吸入的)中释放出去,同时还能防止渗出物透过背层3。
在使用中,卫生巾1可以由任意已知的用于此目的的支撑方法或连接方法(未示出)定位。卫生巾适宜位于使用者的内衣里或紧身短衬裤内,并且在那里用扣件如粘合物13固定住。粘合物13为把卫生巾固定在紧身短衬裤裆部提供了一种方法。这样,吸收制品1的朝外表面全部或部分的涂有粘合物。任何已在本领域用作此目的的粘合物或胶都可以用在这里,压敏粘合物较适宜。适合的粘合物是Century A-305-1V型,由美国俄亥俄州Columbus的The Century Adhesives Corporation公司制造,和Instant Lock34-2823型由美国新泽西州Bridgewater的National Starch and ChemicalCompary公司制造的。适宜的粘合物扣件也是在美国专利4,917,697所述的那种。使用中,在卫生巾披定位以前,压敏粘合物通常用一个可除去的释放衬垫14盖住,为的是保持粘合物在使用前不变干或粘附到不是紧身短衬裤裆部的其他表面上。适宜的释放衬垫也是上述参考过的美国专利4,917,697中所述的。任何出售的常用于此目的的释放衬垫都能在此使用。非限定性的适宜的释放衬垫的实例是BL30MG-A Silox El/O和BL30MG-A Silox 4P/O型的,两种都是威斯康星州Menasha的Akroall Corporation公司制造的。本发明的卫生巾1需要通过除去释放衬垫,然后把卫生巾定位在紧身短衬裤,以使粘合物与紧身短衬裤接触来使用。粘合物13在使用过程中帮助卫生巾保持在紧身短衬裤内它的位置上。
从以上的描述中可以清楚地看到,根据本发明,一种卫生巾包括一个向上竖直并帮助制品形成弯曲形状的封闭件,从而改善了贴合性和舒适性且减少了侧边泄漏的危险。弹性材料连接到插入件上,但不与封闭件直接相连。插入件与弹性材料连接或由于弹性材料本身所致的任何硬化或皱折,都通过封闭件层状物与穿戴者的皮肤相隔离,这样使舒适性和皮肤的保护不致降低。由于弹性材料没有与穿戴者的皮肤直接接触,各种弹性材料和弹性特性都可采用。
在本发明已经描述过的特殊实施例的同时,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的条件下而做出的各种其它变化和变形,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,都是显而易见的。而且附加的权利要求旨在覆盖包括在本发明范围内有所有这样的变化和变形。
Claims (11)
1.一种吸收制品,包括一渗透液体的顶层,一不渗透液体的背层和一定位于此二者中间,吸收人体渗出液并有一对侧向边缘的液体吸收垫,其特征在于,包括一沿所述吸收垫的每一所述边缘的弹性侧边折叶,其特征在于所述的侧边折叶包括:
一封闭件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述的侧向边缘伸出并返回该侧向边缘构成,而且层状物是从所述顶层和所述背层中选出的,所述的封闭件具有一带有朝所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘开口的基端,一末端,一面向外部的部分,和一面向穿戴者的部分;
一插入件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出构成,该层状物是从所述背层和所述顶层中选出的,所述插入件穿过所述基端开口插入所述封闭件,并且有一末端和一与所述基端开口相邻的基端;
一弹性材料,沿着所述插入件长度的一部分被固定在所述插入件的所述基端之外侧,其中所述的弹性材料不与所述封闭件固定,以及
一密封条,把所述插入件在所述基端连接到所述封闭件的所述朝外部分和朝穿戴者的部分上。
2.一种吸收制品,包括一渗透液体的顶层,一不透液体的背层,一定位于此二者中间,以吸收人体渗出液并有一对侧向边缘的液体吸收垫,以及定位在所述顶层和所述吸收垫之间的第二无纺布层,其特征在于,包括一沿所述吸收垫每一所述侧向边缘的弹性侧边折叶,其特征在于所述的侧边折叶包括:
一封闭件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出并返回该侧向边缘构成,层状物从所述顶层、所述背层、所述第二无纺布层,以及其组合中选出,所述封闭件具有一带有朝所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘开口的基端,一末端,一面向外的部分,和一面向穿戴者的部分;
一插入件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出而构成,且层状物从所述背层,所述顶层,所述第二无纺布层,以及其组合中选出,所述的插入件穿过所述基端开口插入所述封闭件内,并且有一末端和一与所述基端开口相邻的基端;
一弹性材料,沿着所述插入件长度的一部分被固定在所述插入件的所述基端之外侧,其中所述的弹性材料不与封闭件固定在一起,以及
一密封条,把所述的插入件在所述的基端与所述封闭件的所述朝外部分和朝穿戴者的部分相连接。
3.一种吸收制品,依次包括一不透液体的背层,一吸收人体渗出液且有一对侧向边缘的液体吸收层,一个有中心部分和该中心部分每一横侧边处的侧边部分的渗透液体顶层,和一沿所述顶层的每一侧边部分定位的无纺布外层,其特征在于,包括一沿所述吸收垫的每一所述边缘的弹性侧边折叶,其特征在于所述的侧边折叶包括:
一封闭件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出并返回该侧向边缘而构成的,且层状物是从所述顶层、所述背层,所述无纺布外层,和其组合中选出的,所述的封闭件具有一带有朝所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘开口的基端、一末端,一面向外部分,和一面向穿戴者的部分;
至少一个插入件,由一层状物从所述吸收垫的所述侧向边缘伸出而构成,该层状物是从所述背层、所述顶层,所述无纺布外层,和其组合中选出的,所述的插入件穿过所述基端开口插入所述封闭件内并且有一末端和一与所述基端开口相邻的基端;
一弹性材料,沿着所述插入件长度的一部分被固定在所述插入件所述基端之外侧,其中所述的弹性材料不与所述封闭件固定,以及
一密封条,把所述插入件在所述基端处连接到所述封闭件的所述朝外部分和朝穿戴者的部分上。
4.根据权利要求1或2的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的密封件是顶层,且所述的至少一层插入层状物是所述背层。
5.根据权利要求2的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的密封件是顶层,且所述的至少一层插入层状物是从所述背层和所述第二无纺布层中选出的。
6.根据权利要求5的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的弹性材料被固定在所述背层和所述第二无纺布层上。
7.根据权利要求2的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的密封件是所述的第二无纺布层,且所述的至少一层插入层状物是所述背层。
8.根据权利要求7的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的至少一层插入层状物还包括所述顶层。
9.根据权利要求3的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的密封件是所述的无纺布外层,且所述的至少一层插入层状物是所述背层。
10.根据权利要求9的吸收制品,其特征在于所述的至少一层插入层状物还包括所述顶层。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项的吸收制品,其特征在于进一步包括一定位于所述顶层和所述吸收垫之间的凸凹浮雕型无纺布的芯吸带。
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US5009653A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1991-04-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Thin, flexible sanitary napkin |
FR2636522A1 (fr) * | 1988-09-21 | 1990-03-23 | Kaysersberg Sa | Serviette periodique |
GB2233235A (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-01-09 | Kao Corp | Absorbent pad with resilient side flaps |
JPH084020Y2 (ja) * | 1991-04-10 | 1996-02-07 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨てオムツ |
US5234422A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-08-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Elasticized sanitary napkin |
-
1992
- 1992-11-27 AR AR92323777A patent/AR246180A1/es active
- 1992-11-27 NZ NZ245297A patent/NZ245297A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-28 MY MYPI92002194A patent/MY110524A/en unknown
- 1992-11-28 CN CN92114813A patent/CN1033070C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-30 CA CA002123603A patent/CA2123603C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-30 JP JP05509595A patent/JP3119876B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-30 DK DK92924032.3T patent/DK0614348T3/da active
- 1992-11-30 WO PCT/JP1992/001567 patent/WO1993010733A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-11-30 AU AU29565/92A patent/AU675920B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-30 SG SG1996008329A patent/SG76475A1/en unknown
- 1992-11-30 BR BR9206846A patent/BR9206846A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-30 EP EP92924032A patent/EP0614348B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 DE DE69210624T patent/DE69210624T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 KR KR1019940701810A patent/KR100245354B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-30 PT PT8664U patent/PT8664T/pt active IP Right Grant
- 1992-11-30 AT AT92924032T patent/ATE137660T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-30 ES ES92924032T patent/ES2087563T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 MX MX9206895A patent/MX9206895A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-05-12 US US08/439,907 patent/US5542941A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-27 PT PT101743A patent/PT101743B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-08-08 GR GR960402116T patent/GR3020757T3/el unknown
-
1998
- 1998-06-15 HK HK98105314A patent/HK1006143A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112689493A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-04-20 | 大王制纸株式会社 | 吸收性物品 |
CN112689493B (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2022-09-27 | 大王制纸株式会社 | 吸收性物品 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT101743A (pt) | 1996-01-31 |
AU2956592A (en) | 1993-06-28 |
WO1993010733A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
SG76475A1 (en) | 2000-11-21 |
JP3119876B2 (ja) | 2000-12-25 |
BR9206846A (pt) | 1995-11-21 |
DE69210624T2 (de) | 1996-10-31 |
CN1081610A (zh) | 1994-02-09 |
GR3020757T3 (en) | 1996-11-30 |
JPH07501723A (ja) | 1995-02-23 |
CA2123603C (en) | 1998-12-29 |
US5542941A (en) | 1996-08-06 |
PT101743B (pt) | 1998-09-30 |
MY110524A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
CA2123603A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
DK0614348T3 (da) | 1996-08-05 |
MX9206895A (es) | 1993-08-01 |
KR100245354B1 (ko) | 2000-02-15 |
NZ245297A (en) | 1996-07-26 |
EP0614348A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
AR246180A1 (es) | 1994-07-29 |
PT8664T (pt) | 1993-08-31 |
ATE137660T1 (de) | 1996-05-15 |
AU675920B2 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
EP0614348B1 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
HK1006143A1 (en) | 1999-02-12 |
ES2087563T3 (es) | 1996-07-16 |
DE69210624D1 (de) | 1996-06-13 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
OR01 | Other related matters | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 19961023 Termination date: 20101128 |