CN103306714B - Gas control method for drilling hole and hole three-purpose in close-range coal seam group bottom drainage roadway - Google Patents
Gas control method for drilling hole and hole three-purpose in close-range coal seam group bottom drainage roadway Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种近距离煤层群底抽巷钻孔一孔三用的瓦斯治理方法,属于煤矿瓦斯治理方法。在矿井底抽巷中利用同一个钻场中的钻孔按以下阶段进行瓦斯抽采:首先,在煤层开采之前,通过矿井底抽巷钻场中的钻孔,预抽煤层中的瓦斯,消除上部煤层的煤与瓦斯突出危险性;其次,开采上部煤层,上部煤层开采时对下部煤层和中部煤层造成采动卸压及应力释放,利用原来钻场的钻孔,以负压的方式抽采处于采动卸压带内中部煤层和下部煤层中的瓦斯;最后,开采中部煤层和下部煤层,同时,再次利用原来的钻孔以负压的方式抽采开采层的采空区瓦斯。能提高工作效率,瓦斯抽采率高,节约成本,抽采瓦斯浓度高,方便瓦斯的利用。包含两个或者更多煤层的近距离煤层群的瓦斯治理。
A gas control method for a close-range coal seam group bottom drainage tunnel drilling hole with three functions belongs to a coal mine gas control method. In the bottom drainage tunnel of the mine, the boreholes in the same drilling field are used to extract gas in the following stages: first, before the coal seam is mined, the gas in the coal seam is pre-extracted through the boreholes in the bottom drainage tunnel drilling field of the mine to eliminate the danger of coal and gas outburst in the upper coal seam; second, the upper coal seam is mined, and the mining pressure relief and stress release are caused to the lower coal seam and the middle coal seam during the mining of the upper coal seam, and the boreholes in the original drilling field are used to extract the gas in the middle coal seam and the lower coal seam in the mining pressure relief zone in a negative pressure manner; finally, the middle coal seam and the lower coal seam are mined, and at the same time, the original boreholes are used again to extract the gas in the goaf of the mining layer in a negative pressure manner. It can improve work efficiency, high gas extraction rate, save costs, high extraction gas concentration, and facilitate gas utilization. Gas control of a close-range coal seam group containing two or more coal seams.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种煤矿瓦斯的治理方法,具体的说是一种近距离煤层群底抽巷钻孔一孔三用的瓦斯治理方法。The invention relates to a method for controlling coal mine gas, in particular to a method for controlling gas in which one hole is used for three purposes in the bottom extraction roadway of a group of close-distance coal seams.
背景技术Background technique
煤矿瓦斯是威胁煤矿安全生产的主要灾害之一,但同时瓦斯又是一种储量非常丰富的清洁能源。现今,我国大多数煤矿都在通过抽采来防治瓦斯灾害,这不仅可以实现煤矿安全生产,又可以对抽出的瓦斯进行合理利用以减少能源损失。Coal mine gas is one of the main disasters that threaten the safe production of coal mines, but at the same time, gas is a kind of clean energy with very abundant reserves. Nowadays, most coal mines in my country are preventing and controlling gas disasters through drainage, which can not only achieve safe production in coal mines, but also make rational use of the extracted gas to reduce energy loss.
目前,许多矿井都是采用井下钻孔抽采瓦斯的方法,也就是在煤矿井下设置钻场,用钻机施工顺煤层钻孔或者穿层钻孔,再将施工好的钻孔与巷道中的抽采管路连接起来,利用抽放泵抽采煤层瓦斯。At present, many mines adopt the method of underground drilling for gas extraction, that is, a drilling site is set up underground in a coal mine, and a drilling rig is used to drill holes along the coal seam or drill through layers, and then connect the constructed boreholes with the gas extraction in the roadway. It is connected with the mining pipeline, and the coal seam gas is extracted by the drainage pump.
但是,现在煤矿井下的抽采钻孔作用都比较单一,而且实际维护的力度不够,通常情况下,抽采完一个煤层的瓦斯之后再想抽其他煤层或者采空区等地方的瓦斯就要重新打钻孔,尤其是在近距离煤层群的瓦斯治理方面不仅加大了工作量而且花费颇高。However, at present, the function of drainage drilling in underground coal mines is relatively simple, and the actual maintenance is not strong enough. Usually, after the gas in a coal seam is drained, if you want to pump gas in other coal seams or goafs, etc., you have to reinstall the gas. Drilling, especially in the gas control of close coal seam groups not only increases the workload but also costs a lot.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是为避免上述现有技术所存在的问题,提供一种瓦斯抽采率高,经济实惠,容易施工的近距离煤层群底抽巷钻孔一孔三用的瓦斯治理方法。In order to avoid the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a gas control method with high gas extraction rate, economical and practical, and easy construction of bottom extraction lanes in close-distance coal seam groups with one hole and three functions.
本发明的目的是这样实现的,该瓦斯治理方法适用于包含两个或者更多煤层的近距离煤层群实施瓦斯治理,具体方法如下:在矿井底抽巷中利用钻场中的钻孔按以下阶段进行瓦斯抽采:The object of the present invention is achieved in that the gas control method is applicable to the implementation of gas control in close-range coal seam groups comprising two or more coal seams. The specific method is as follows: use the borehole in the drill field in the mine bottom pumping roadway as follows Stages for gas extraction:
第一阶段:在煤层开采之前,通过矿井底抽巷的钻场中的钻孔,预抽煤层中的瓦斯,消除上部煤层的煤与瓦斯突出危险性;The first stage: before the coal seam is mined, the gas in the coal seam is pre-extracted through the drilling holes in the drilling field of the mine bottom pumping roadway, and the risk of coal and gas outburst in the upper coal seam is eliminated;
第二阶段:开采上部煤层,上部煤层开采时对中部煤层和下部煤层造成采动卸压及应力释放,利用原来钻场的钻孔,以负压的方式抽采处于采动卸压带内中部煤层和下部煤层中的瓦斯;The second stage: Mining the upper coal seam. When the upper coal seam is mined, the mining pressure relief and stress release will be caused to the middle coal seam and the lower coal seam. Using the original drill hole, the mining is located in the middle of the mining pressure relief zone in the form of negative pressure. Gas in coal seams and lower coal seams;
第三阶段:开采中部煤层和下部煤层,同时,再次利用原来的钻场的钻孔负压抽采开采层的采空区瓦斯;The third stage: Mining the central coal seam and the lower coal seam, and at the same time, using the negative pressure of the original drilling site to drain the gas in the goaf of the mining layer;
所述的矿井底抽巷的钻场中的钻孔要向上穿过三层煤;矿井底抽巷的钻场中的钻孔全程安装钢套管防护,在钢套管穿过煤层的部分要打上筛孔。The boreholes in the drilling field of the mine bottom pumping roadway will pass through the three layers of coal upwards; the drilling holes in the drilling field of the mine bottom pumping roadway are protected by steel casings throughout the whole process, and the part where the steel casing passes through the coal seam must be protected. Make a sieve.
所述的煤层大于二层,在大于二层煤层的近距离煤层群实施瓦斯治理。The coal seam is larger than the second layer, and the gas control is implemented in the close-distance coal seam groups larger than the second layer coal seam.
有益效果:由于采用了上述方案,1、通过钻孔的一孔三用,既抽采煤层原生瓦斯,又抽采卸压瓦斯,还抽采采空区瓦斯,改变了传统的井下瓦斯治理方法,开创了一条井下钻孔抽采治理矿井瓦斯的新思路;2、通过钻孔的一孔三用,做到一次打孔,多次长期使用,可以减少井下大量瓦斯抽放钻孔工程以及瓦斯抽放巷道,相应地节省了矿井瓦斯治理费用。Beneficial effects: due to the adoption of the above-mentioned scheme, 1, through the drilling of one hole for three purposes, it not only extracts the original gas in the coal seam, but also extracts the pressure relief gas, and also extracts the gas in the goaf, which changes the traditional underground gas control method, creating a new idea of underground drilling and drainage to control mine gas; 2. Through the drilling of one hole for three purposes, it is possible to drill once and use it for many times for a long time, which can reduce a large number of underground gas drainage drilling projects and The gas drainage roadway saves the cost of mine gas treatment accordingly.
优点:该方法能提高工作效率,瓦斯抽采率高,节约成本,抽采瓦斯浓度高,方便瓦斯的利用。Advantages: This method can improve work efficiency, has a high gas extraction rate, saves costs, has a high concentration of gas extraction, and is convenient for gas utilization.
附图说明Description of drawings
图l为本发明方法示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention.
图2为本发明方法第一阶段煤层瓦斯流向示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of coal seam gas in the first stage of the method of the present invention.
图3为本发明方法第二阶段煤层瓦斯流向示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of coal seam gas in the second stage of the method of the present invention.
图4为本发明方法第三阶段煤层瓦斯流向示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of coal seam gas in the third stage of the method of the present invention.
图5为本发明钻孔结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the drilling structure of the present invention.
图中,l、底抽巷;2、钻孔;3、上部煤层;4、中部煤层;5、下部煤层;6、钢套管;7、筛孔。In the figure, 1, bottom pumping roadway; 2, drilling; 3, upper coal seam; 4, middle coal seam; 5, lower coal seam; 6, steel casing; 7, screen hole.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明适用于包含两个或者更多煤层的近距离煤层群实施瓦斯治理,下面以包含三个煤层的近距离煤层群为例对本发明的具体实施方式进行说明。The present invention is suitable for implementing gas control in close-distance coal seam groups containing two or more coal seams. The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below by taking the close-distance coal seam group containing three coal seams as an example.
实施例1:对于包含三个煤层的近距离煤层群的具体方法为:在底抽巷1中每隔30m设置一个钻场,对上部煤层3前后各15m区域施工密集穿层钻孔2,钻孔2穿过中部煤层4和下部煤层5,在上部煤层3中的终孔间距为5m×5m。由钻场位置和终孔位置可确定钻孔的方位角和倾角,从而进行施工。施工钻孔2时要全程使用钢套管6防护,在钢套管6穿过煤层的部分要打上筛孔7。Embodiment 1: the specific method for the close-range coal seam group that comprises three coal seams is: a drilling site is set every 30m in the bottom pumping roadway 1, and each 15m area before and after the upper coal seam 3 is densely drilled through the bed 2, drilled The holes 2 pass through the middle coal seam 4 and the lower coal seam 5, and the distance between the final holes in the upper coal seam 3 is 5m×5m. The azimuth and inclination of the drilling can be determined by the position of the drilling site and the position of the final hole, so as to carry out construction. Steel casing 6 protection will be used in the whole process during construction drilling 2, and sieve holes 7 will be marked on the part where steel casing 6 passes through the coal seam.
具体实施中,利用同一个钻场中的钻孔2按以下阶段进行瓦斯抽采:In the specific implementation, the gas drainage is carried out in the following stages by using the borehole 2 in the same drilling site:
第一阶段:在煤层开采之前,通过矿井底抽巷1的钻场中的钻孔2,预抽煤层中的瓦斯,消除上部煤层3的煤与瓦斯突出危险性。The first stage: before the coal seam is mined, the gas in the coal seam is pre-extracted through the drill hole 2 in the drilling field of the mine bottom pumping roadway 1, and the risk of coal and gas outburst in the upper coal seam 3 is eliminated.
第二阶段:开采上部煤层3,上部煤层3开采时对中部煤层4和下部煤层5造成采动卸压及应力释放,利用原来的钻场的钻孔2,以负压的方式抽采处于采动卸压带内中部煤层4和下部煤层5中的瓦斯。The second stage: Mining the upper coal seam 3, when the upper coal seam 3 is mined, the mining pressure and stress release will be caused to the middle coal seam 4 and the lower coal seam 5, and the original drilling hole 2 will be used to drain the coal in the mining area by negative pressure. Gas in the middle coal seam 4 and the lower coal seam 5 in the dynamic pressure relief zone.
第三阶段:开采中部煤层4和下部煤层5,同时,再次利用原来的钻场的钻孔2负压抽采开采层的采空区瓦斯。The third stage: the central coal seam 4 and the lower coal seam 5 are mined, and at the same time, the gas in the goaf of the mining seam is extracted by using the negative pressure of the original drill hole 2 again.
所述的煤层大于二层,在大于二层煤层的近距离煤层群实施瓦斯治理。The coal seam is larger than the second layer, and the gas control is implemented in the close-distance coal seam groups larger than the second layer coal seam.
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