CN102587962A - Methods for arranging and supporting wall-expanded gas extraction drill sites - Google Patents
Methods for arranging and supporting wall-expanded gas extraction drill sites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种扩帮瓦斯抽采钻场的布置及支护方法，在回采巷道的两帮内交错布置多个呈楔形状的迈步式钻场，迈步式钻场的跨度沿回采巷道掘进方向逐渐增大；在迈步式钻场内帮壁上向本煤层或顶、底板邻近煤层裂隙带布置1~3排抽采钻孔；在抽采钻孔的孔口内安放护孔管，然后安装与护孔管相连的瓦斯抽采管；钻场跨度沿回采巷道掘进方向逐渐增大，并交错迈步式分布于回采巷道两帮内。楔形结构不但为钻孔机械和瓦斯抽采设备提供了足够的作业空间，而且大大减少了钻场施工量，降低了施工难度；交错迈步式分布和楔形结构使跨度大幅度减小，利于支护与维护，并可保证抽采与回采巷道掘进同时进行，提高了掘进效率，带来更高地经济效益。
A method of layout and support for gas drainage drilling sites with extended sides, in which a plurality of wedge-shaped stepping drilling sites are arranged staggeredly in the two sides of the mining roadway, and the span of the stepping drilling sites increases gradually along the excavation direction of the mining roadway ; Arrange 1 to 3 rows of extraction boreholes on the inner side wall of the stepping drilling site to the coal seam or the coal seam fissure zone adjacent to the roof and floor; place the protective hole pipe in the hole of the extraction drilling hole, and then install the protective hole pipe Connected gas drainage pipes; the span of the drill site gradually increases along the excavation direction of the mining roadway, and is distributed in the two sides of the mining roadway in a staggered step. The wedge-shaped structure not only provides enough working space for drilling machinery and gas drainage equipment, but also greatly reduces the amount of drilling site construction and reduces the difficulty of construction; the staggered step distribution and wedge-shaped structure greatly reduce the span, which is beneficial to support and maintenance, and can ensure that the excavation and recovery roadway excavation are carried out at the same time, which improves the excavation efficiency and brings higher economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of layout and supporting method that expands group's gas pumping drill site, be particularly useful for the gas pumping and the stope drift active workings supporting in this coal seam in the gas projecting mine or top, the contiguous coal seam of base plate.
Background technology
It is main energy-consuming big country with the coal that China is one, and almost 95% coal resources are from underground mining, and condition of coal seam occurrence is complicated and changeable, and dynamic disaster accidents such as gas and dust explosion, coal and gas are outstanding, roof collapse happen occasionally.In coal mine roof plate, gas, water damage three big disasters, gas accident occupies ratio in particularly serious accident the highest, and the gas disaster is the biggest threat of restriction Coal Production.In China's minable coal seam, absolute ratio is occupied in the soft low coal seam of passing through, and along with the continuous extension of the coal mining degree of depth, this ratio also will increase, the working condition more sophisticated of coal mine operation, and the security threat that the constructor receives is also more and more important.Weak seam is because loosely organized, in this coal seam drilling process, occurs drilling accidents such as spray orifice, gas are outstanding, hole wall collapse easily, and drilling depth is received considerable restraint, seriously restricts Safety of Coal Mine Production, influence driving or coal mining efficient.
China's coal-mine gas disaster is threatening mine staff's life security with being on the rise, is restricting the development that mine is produced, and brings heavy financial burden for coal enterprise, forces many high gas projecting mine long-term losses to be managed, have in addition be on the verge of bankruptcy.For improving safety of coal mines exploitation situation, alleviate and produce pressure, adopt the fire damp drainage method since the fifties, to the end of the year 1999, down-hole extraction system and ground transmission & distribution gas system have been set up in existing 158 collieries, the whole nation, and a year pumping volume reaches 7.89 billion cubic meters.
Coal bed gas drainage generally is meant gas pump or other extraction equipment of utilizing, and extracts the gas of coal seam middle and high concentration, and the pipe network through isolating with stope drift active workings, drains into the gas of the high concentration of extraction in ground or the mine main return airway.Think that at present gas discharge in mine is not only the reduction mine gas emission rate, the important measures of the outstanding disaster of control gas explosion and coal and gas; And can turn bane into boon; Associated resources as coal develops, therefore, and from the 1950's; Each main coal producer very payes attention to the gas drainage under suction in colliery in the world, makes gas drainage under suction work obtain development faster.In recent years, along with the increase of the coal mining degree of depth and the raising of mining rate, mine gas emission rate increases, and draws out methane more and more be called the high gas layer exploitation one than indispensable important step, and essential condition is provided for the coal mine gas utilization.
The boring method mash gas extraction is a down-hole coal bed gas drainage under suction pumping method the most commonly used.Take out this coal-bed gas in advance owing to have easy construction, low, the concentration that the draws out methane advantage of higher of cost like boring method, in China's coal-mine, obtained using widely.Boring method is taken out this coal-bed gas in advance and is mainly contained two kinds of arrangements, i.e. a layer-through drilling arrangement and a suitable layer bore arrangement mode.When adopting boring to take out in advance, drill site can be located at floor rock stope drift active workings or contiguous coal mining roadway, punches layer boring to mined bed, carries out digging through getting into the coal seam again after the extraction, thereby can solve the gas problem in driving and the coal mining process.When adopting along layer bore arrangement mode, then generally be to utilize the coal road of digging out in advance of taking, beat along the coal seam along layer boring, carry out back production again through after the extraction, to solve the problem of gushing out of gas in the exploitation process.
The next layer gas drainage method can be divided into surface drilling method, down-hole drilling extraction method and top board stope drift active workings substantially and combine boring extraction method.Because the restriction that surface drilling extraction method and top board stope drift active workings combine the application of boring method to receive ocurrence of coal seam and open up conditions such as stope drift active workings layout is so mainly adopt down-hole drilling extraction method.General layout ocurrence of coal seam situation is different with the arrangement of developing stope drift active workings, the down-hole drilling arrangement divides for by stope drift active workings in the mined bed arrange that extraction is holed and outside mined bed in the stope drift active workings layout drill site and extraction hole two kinds.Wherein, arrange that by stope drift active workings in the mined bed method of extraction boring can be located at drill site in the tailentry, punch coal bed drilling to contiguous coal seam, the gas in the contiguous coal seam of extraction by drill site; Can drill site be located in the work plane air intake lane in addition, punch layer boring extraction the next layer gas to adjacent layer by drill site.In addition; The method applicable elements of outside mined bed, arranging drill site and extraction boring in the stope drift active workings is wider; Can be used for the coal seam of different angle and the stope of different coal-mining methods; It can be located at drill site in the mined bed floor roadway, punches layer boring, the gas in the extraction adjacent layer by drill site to contiguous coal seam; Also can drill site be located in the mined bed top board rock gangway, punch a layer extraction boring extraction the next layer gas to contiguous coal seam by drill site.
At present; The gas pumping in general this coal seam or top, the contiguous coal seam of base plate; Need be when stope drift active workings tunnel expand group and arrange the gas pumping drill site at assigned address correspondingly, in drill site to the fissure zone boring in this coal seam or top, the contiguous coal seam of base plate and carry out the gas pumping operation.Mostly traditional expansion group gas pumping drill site form is alcove formula, vertical, inclined, and the alcove formula is just as " hole " of cutter one solid in the group of lane, and with vertical basic identical, the drill site space face of bowing is square or rectangle; The inclined drill site space face of bowing assumes diamond in shape, and forward and backward two skew walls and stope drift active workings tunneling direction are parallel to each other at an angle.Though traditional form has reached the effect of expection this coal seam of extraction or top, the contiguous coal-bed gas of base plate, it is big to expand group's stope section stope drift active workings section span, and supporting is difficult, and maintenance difficulties is big, and simultaneously, the disturbing factor that is easy to generate is many.In addition, traditional drill site form, the stope drift active workings road heading machinery digs cutter and is difficult to once-forming, often needs manual work to carry out secondary forming, and the artificial construction measures greatly, and the engineering time is long; Because poor anti jamming capability is influenced greatly by disturbing factor, before shaping of traditional type drill site and the supporting, should not proceed the stope drift active workings driving, this has just influenced the stope drift active workings drivage efficiency, has lagged behind the duration.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point in the prior art, a kind of simple in structure, antijamming capability is strong, the gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion that be easy to supporting and maintenance layout and supporting method are provided.
Technical scheme: the layout of gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The layout of gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A. in two of stope drift active workings are helped, be staggered front to back and arrange a plurality of step type drill sites that are wedge shape; The step type drill site is staggered front to back the distance of being separated by and is not less than 2m; The span of step type drill site increases along the stope drift active workings tunneling direction gradually; Wherein: span is 0.5 ~ 3 m, is 3 ~ 8 m along the length of stope drift active workings tunneling direction, and spacing is 60 ~ 100m between the adjacent step type drill site;
B. in the step type drill site, arrange 1 ~ 3 row's extraction borehole to this coal seam or top, the contiguous cracks in coal seam band of base plate on group's wall; Row's spacing of said extraction borehole is 2 ~ 3m; The quantity in every gang drill hole is 3 ~ 15, and the angle of extraction borehole and top board normal is 0 °～180 °, and the degree of depth is 10 ~ 100m;
C. in the aperture of extraction borehole, lay the guard aperture pipe that length is 5 ~ 6m, the gas pumping pipe that links to each other with the guard aperture pipe is installed then;
D. extraction borehole is carried out sealing of hole, fixing guard aperture pipe, said sealed borehole length is 10 ~ 50m.
The present invention expands the supporting method that group's gas pumping drill site is arranged, comprises the steps:
A. the synchronous supporting of step type drill site and stope drift active workings by array pitch skyhook between equal, and the whole wire lath of laying, drill site and stope drift active workings top board entire arrangement, is hung equally spaced back timber;
B. each makes a call to an anchor cable hole on step type drill site top board between back timber and the back timber and stope drift active workings top board; Two pitchs of holes are 2 ~ 3m, and along lateral arrangement, two holes are down " eight " font; Anchor cable hole bearing of trend and stope drift active workings roof water plane included angle are 45 ° ~ 55 °; In the anchor cable hole, squeeze into and add long anchor cable, adding long anchor cable length is 10m ~ 12m, and the outstanding part of revealing of the outer anchor cable of top board is connected and fixed with the truss connector;
C. row's anchor pole is vertically arranged in group intersection in two in the step type drill site, and anchor pole quantity is 4 ~ 6, and spacing is 0.5m ~ 0.8m;
D. be the concrete of 10 ~ 15cm to step type drill site top board and inwall thereof and the whole evenly jet thickness of back and lane group;
E treats after the abundant drying of concrete; In the step type drill site, longitudinally top board is carried out monomer hydraulic support shed shoring apart from group 0.6m place, stope drift active workings lane; The length of monomer hydraulic support shed shoring articulated roof beam is 6 ~ 7m; Face a hinged tilting hydraulic prop between two monomer hydraulic supports mutually, to strengthen support.
Beneficial effect: owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention is good to the country rock integrality, but the good location drill site supporting of anchor pole anchoring effect can be laid wire lath earlier, and the suspension joist is squeezed into anchor pole then and carried out anchoring, sprayed mortar afterwards on joist.Wherein anchor pole can bear most ofly and press, and prevents that wall rock loosening from destroying, and has certain scalability, can be with the shrinkage strain simultaneously of stope drift active workings country rock, rather than remove support capacity; Joist couples together single anchor pole, has formed a monocoque structure, has significantly improved the whole structure of bolt support; The concrete that sprays can be closely connected with country rock, and the instant sprayed construction of ability seals country rock after scar exposes; Thereby eliminate water, moisture laden air and weathering adverse effect, reduce country rock intensity and descend, reach the purpose of indirect raising country rock intensity rock mass; The concrete that sprays simultaneously can be filled and led up the uneven place on country rock surface; Form a smooth surface, eliminate the stress concentration phenomenon that causes because of the scar injustice, thereby avoid stress to concentrate the surrounding rock failure that is caused.The step type drill site that is wedge shape has been not only for drilling machine and gas pumping equipment provide enough working spaces, and reduced difficulty of construction, avoided the manual secondary of drill site to be shaped, and greatly reduces construction volume, shortened the engineering time; Simultaneously, the wedge structure antijamming capability is strong, is easy to supporting; It is simple that drill site is safeguarded, combines with staggered step type distribution mode, reduced the stope drift active workings total span greatly; Be beneficial to supporting and maintenance, stope drift active workings section stability is improved relatively, can guarantee that gas pumping and stope drift active workings driving carries out simultaneously; Improve driving speed, correspondingly improved economic benefit.It is simple in structure, and bearing capacity is bigger, and contractibility can better be used with the anchor and spray net once supporting, and supporting effect is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plane structure sketch map that the gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view that the gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view in expansion group's gas pumping drill site of the present invention and contiguous coal seam.
Among the figure: the 1-drill site; 2-lane group; The 3-stope drift active workings; The 4-extraction borehole.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing one embodiment of the present of invention are further described:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention expands the layout of group's gas pumping drill site:
The layout of gas pumping drill site is helped in expansion of the present invention: at first press routine techniques; Utilize the driving mode of combining pick or big gun pick to tunnel stope drift active workings; Help to be staggered front to back in 2 a plurality of step type drill sites 1 that are wedge shape of layout at two of stope drift active workings 3 then; Step type drill site 1 is staggered front to back the distance of being separated by and is not less than 2m, and the span of step type drill site 1 increases along stope drift active workings 3 tunneling directions gradually, and its span is 0.5 ~ 3 m; Length along stope drift active workings 3 tunneling directions is 3 ~ 8 m, and spacing is 60 ~ 100m between the adjacent step type drill site 1; Treat that synchronous supporting is transported rig after finishing in drill site to drill site and tunnel; In step type drill site 1, arrange 1 ~ 3 row's extraction borehole 4 to this coal seam or top, the contiguous cracks in coal seam band of base plate on group's wall; The spacing of wells is 2 ~ 3m; The quantity in every gang drill hole is 3 ~ 15, and extraction borehole 4 is 0 °～180 ° with the angle of top board normal, and the degree of depth is 10 ~ 100m; After boring finished, in the aperture of extraction borehole 4, laying length was the guard aperture pipe of 5 ~ 6m, and the gas pumping pipe that links to each other with the guard aperture pipe is installed then; At last extraction borehole 4 is carried out sealing of hole, fixing guard aperture pipe, said sealed borehole length is 10 ~ 50m.
The supporting method that expansion of the present invention helps the gas pumping drill site to arrange; According to the gas pumping drill site of arranging; Utilize the stope drift active workings development machine to excavate the step type drill site 1 that is wedge shape according to the length of the gas pumping drill site of arranging and span index, the mode that increases gradually by the tunneling direction span, treat that the gas pumping drill site excavates after, step type drill site 1 and stope drift active workings 3 synchronous supportings; By array pitch skyhook between equal; And the whole wire lath of laying, drill site 1 and stope drift active workings 3 top boards by entire arrangement, hang equally spaced back timber, by the routine techniques mode: jumbolter boring, lay wire lath, hang joist, then anchor pole squeezed into armature boring through joist; Add top tray, fastening nut.Each makes a call to an anchor cable hole on step type drill site 1 top board between back timber and the back timber and stope drift active workings 3 top boards; Two pitchs of holes, 2 ~ 3m, along lateral arrangement, two holes are down " eight " font; Anchor cable hole bearing of trend and stope drift active workings roof water plane included angle are 45 ° ~ 55 °; In the anchor cable hole, squeeze into and add long anchor cable, adding long anchor cable length is 10m ~ 12m, and the outer anchor cable of top board is outstanding to be revealed part and connect with the truss connector and fix; Row's anchor pole is vertically arranged in group intersection in two in step type drill site 1, and anchor pole quantity is 4 ~ 6, and spacing is 0.5m ~ 0.8m; To step type drill site 1 top board and inwall thereof and tunnel 3 top boards and lane group 2 whole evenly jet thickness is the concrete of 10 ~ 15cm.Treat after the abundant drying of concrete; In step type drill site 1, longitudinally top board is carried out the single-side stand shed shoring apart from group 0.6m place, stope drift active workings lane; Its articulated roof beam length is 6 ~ 7m, faces a hinged tilting hydraulic prop between two monomer hydraulic supports mutually, to strengthen support.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102877857A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-16 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Deep hole pre-grouting top plate reinforcement method for large-mining height working face under special geological conditions |
| CN104975868A (en) * | 2015-06-13 | 2015-10-14 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Top plate high-position boring large-diameter long-drill-hole gas extraction method based on directional drilling |
| CN105888686A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-24 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | Pressure relief method capable of satisfying parallel operation of tunneling and pressure relieving |
| CN106014474A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | Three-hole combined construction method meeting requirements of downhole pressure releasing, water draining and prospecting and gas drainage |
| CN106321140A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Arrangement method of extra-thick seam gas pre-extraction drill holes |
| CN108005714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Constructing tunnel gushes out gas closure method |
| CN108590741A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of super high seam mash gas pumping drilling method for arranging |
| CN109653773A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-19 | 淮北矿业（集团）有限责任公司 | Fully-mechanized mining working expands peace integral process and method |
| CN113605959A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-05 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Method for controlling gas emission of limestone in driving roadway |
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Cited By (14)
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| CN102877857A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-16 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Deep hole pre-grouting top plate reinforcement method for large-mining height working face under special geological conditions |
| CN104975868A (en) * | 2015-06-13 | 2015-10-14 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Top plate high-position boring large-diameter long-drill-hole gas extraction method based on directional drilling |
| CN106014474B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-06-01 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | Meet underground release, leting speeper, gas drainage under suction three holes and use construction method |
| CN105888686A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-24 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | Pressure relief method capable of satisfying parallel operation of tunneling and pressure relieving |
| CN106014474A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | Three-hole combined construction method meeting requirements of downhole pressure releasing, water draining and prospecting and gas drainage |
| CN105888686B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-04-06 | 陕西正通煤业有限责任公司 | A kind of pressure relief method for meeting pick and unloading parallel operations |
| CN106321140B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-02-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of method for arranging of super high seam gas pre-drainage drilling |
| CN106321140A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Arrangement method of extra-thick seam gas pre-extraction drill holes |
| CN108005714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Constructing tunnel gushes out gas closure method |
| CN108005714B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2020-01-14 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction |
| CN108590741A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of super high seam mash gas pumping drilling method for arranging |
| CN109653773A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-19 | 淮北矿业（集团）有限责任公司 | Fully-mechanized mining working expands peace integral process and method |
| CN113605959A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-05 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Method for controlling gas emission of limestone in driving roadway |
| CN113605959B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-08-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | A method for controlling limestone gas gushing in excavation roadway |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |