CN103304213A - Method for making cored building material block by using solidified soda residue soil - Google Patents
Method for making cored building material block by using solidified soda residue soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103304213A CN103304213A CN201310200011XA CN201310200011A CN103304213A CN 103304213 A CN103304213 A CN 103304213A CN 201310200011X A CN201310200011X A CN 201310200011XA CN 201310200011 A CN201310200011 A CN 201310200011A CN 103304213 A CN103304213 A CN 103304213A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for making a cored building material block by using solidified soda residue soil, belonging to the field of civil engineering. The cored building material block is prepared from a solidified soda residue soil core material, a mortar or concrete external coating material and an internal division wall through the steps of solidified soda residue soil core material making, mortar or concrete making, pressure forming, curing and the like. The solidified soda residue soil is a hardenite which has certain strength, is capable of fixing harmful substances in soda residue soil to reduce or eliminate the harmful substance leaching phenomenon along with water and is formed by uniformly blending a curing agent and soda residues (waste residues of waste liquid discharged in the process of producing soda by using an ammonia-soda process) and subjecting the curing agent and the soda residue soil to a physical-chemical reaction. Waste liquid and waste residues discharged in the industrial production process of soda are effectively utilized, and the reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the soda residues are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of civil engineering, specifically, refer to utilize the curing caustic sludge soil to make the method that adds core material of construction block.
Background technology
Along with human available natural resources reduces day by day, the recycling of solid waste is classified as important industry policy by many countries, is forming a new industry system.
Alkaline residue is to adopt solvay soda process to produce the waste residue of the waste liquid that discharges in the soda ash process.At present, liquid and waste slag produced have two kinds of main processing modes: the one, make waste residue flow directly into the bay, do not add the dual disposal of restriction, cause marine site, river in various degree pollution and silt up, culture fishery is seriously damaged; The 2nd, waste residue deposition is discharged into the slag field, so that takies a large amount of soils or marine site, cause river bank " white sea ", not only jeopardize the navigation channel, and become potential safety hazard, domestic and international a lot of alkali factory is forced to close because of the pollution problem that can't solve alkaline residue.
Be directly enter the bay or solidify after store up or the processing mode of landfill does not all realize the minimizing of caustic sludge soil and innoxious fully, do not realize recycling yet, still take a large amount of soils, exist potential environmental pollution to threaten.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the caustic sludge soil making adds the core material of construction, can realize the innoxious and minimizing of alkaline residue, it is got utilization.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the caustic sludge soil making adds core material of construction block.The present invention at first adopts solidifying agent to solidify alkaline residue and makes and solidify caustic sludge soil (2) and make wherein fixing can not leaching the coming out with water of objectionable constituent; Then, adopt mortar or concrete as the outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block and interior partition wall (3) (curing caustic sludge soil (2) core is positioned at the space that mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) are separated into by partition wall (3)); At last, adopt the method for extrusion forming to make curing caustic sludge soil (2) form closely knit high-strength solidified earth under pressure, reach the intensity of common buildings material product requirement, make to solidify caustic sludge soil (2) for core, with mortar or concrete be outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) add core material of construction block.The present invention has improved the intensity of curing caustic sludge soil (2), has realized the minimizing of alkaline residue, innoxious and resource utilization.
Described curing caustic sludge soil (2) refers to even through solidifying agent and the alkaline residue mix of design metering, a series of physical-chemical reactions through between solidifying agent and caustic sludge soil, formation has certain intensity and objectionable impurities in the alkaline residue is fixed, thereby reduces or eliminates its objectionable impurities with the hardenite of water leaching.Described alkaline residue is that the mixture with materials such as calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium chloride is the waste residue of main component, includes but not limited to that solvay soda process produces waste residue or the byproduct that discharges in the soda ash process, and main component soil property similar with it.
Described solidifying agent can adopt silicate cement, aluminosulfate cement, gypsum, silicon ash, active mineral admixture, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and SiO
2Basic solution in a kind of or combined by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material powder that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, as: slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, zeolite etc.
Mortar and the concrete of described outsourcing material as the material of construction block (1) and interior partition wall (3), its material is formed and proportioning can adopt existing known various mortars and concrete material to form and proportioning, as: conventional cement mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size is less than 1cm.
In the outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block of the present invention and interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener can be set, described tension strongthener can adopt existing known tension strongthener, the muscle material that the cloth that forms as: the continuous fiber yarn of the short chopping of the fiber that non-directional distributes, directional profile, by fibrage is made by fiber; Described fiber can adopt mineral fibre, man-made fiber or vegetable fibre etc.
Describedly add that the shared mass percent of various starting material components is in the core material of construction block: alkaline residue: 58～80%; Solidifying agent: 5～15%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.
The described geometrical shape that adds core material of construction block and the projection of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation can be the geometrical shape of any known, as: rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped etc., and any 2 distance is not more than 100cm in the projection.
The described thickness that adds core material of construction block medium sand slurry or concrete enclosing shell is advisable with 1～5cm, and the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) is no more than 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is advisable with 1～3cm.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the caustic sludge soil making adds core material of construction block, the making of material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps:
The first step is made and is solidified caustic sludge soil (2) core.Selected solidifying agent is even in ratio and the alkaline residue mix of design, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.The planar dimension of mould A is determined according to the planar dimension of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core of design.The height of mould A is determined according to the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of curing caustic sludge soil (2) and the object height after the core extrusion forming of curing caustic sludge soil (2).
In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.
The 3rd step is at mortar or the concrete made according to second step of shop, the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size one deck; Curing caustic sludge soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify between caustic sludge soil (2) block and solidify at each and fill mortar or concrete between caustic sludge soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer.The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in the mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in mould B or the thickness of the concrete layer palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds the height (height of mould A) that solidifies caustic sludge soil (2) core before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) after by extrusion forming and determines.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, and the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load (solidify water ratio, void ratio, the soil particle grating of caustic sludge soil (2) according to the physical properties of solidifying caustic sludge soil (2) core and mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1); The grain composition of mortar and concrete water-cement ratio, aggregate) determines the demoulding after the moulding.
In the 5th step, adopt existing known common maintenance, vapor cure or steam press maintenance to carry out maintenance by the curing requirements of cement concrete plastics products for building the block of extrusion forming.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify caustic sludge soil and make the method that adds core material of construction block, the building block that can be used for making brick material such as floor tile, decorative block, curb brick, shore protection brick and build structures such as pond, retaining wall, chimney, enclosure wall, industrial raw material warehouse by laying bricks or stones.
The invention has the advantages that: the minimizing, the innoxious and resource utilization that have realized producing the alkaline residue that produces in the soda ash process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adds core material of construction block sectional view;
Floor tile orthographic plan among Fig. 2 embodiment 1;
Curb brick orthographic plan among Fig. 3 embodiment 2;
Riverbank retaining wall brick orthographic plan among Fig. 4 embodiment 3;
Build the building block front elevation view in pond among Fig. 5 embodiment 4 by laying bricks or stones;
Build the building block orthographic plan of retaining wall among Fig. 6 embodiment 5 by laying bricks or stones;
Decorative block orthographic plan among Fig. 7 embodiment 6.
Among the figure, 1: outsourcing material; 2: solidify caustic sludge soil; 3: interior partition wall; 4: carbon cloth.Dimensional units is mm among the figure.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the caustic sludge soil making adds core material of construction block.The present invention at first adopts solidifying agent to solidify objectionable constituent fixing can not with the leaching of water come out of alkaline residue in making; Then, employing mortar or concrete are done the coating layer of one deck sealing and do necessary interior partition wall (3) between native (2) blocks of curing pollution outside solidifying caustic sludge soil (2); At last, adopt the method for extrusion forming to make curing pollution soil (2) form closely knit high-strength solidified earth under pressure, reach the intensity of common buildings material product requirement, make to solidify pollute soil (2) for core, with mortar or concrete be outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) add core material of construction block.
Described curing caustic sludge soil (2) refers to even through solidifying agent and the alkaline residue mix of design metering, a series of physical-chemical reactions through between solidifying agent and caustic sludge soil, and formation has certain intensity and can be applied in the actual engineering.Described alkaline residue is that the mixture with materials such as calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium chloride is the waste residue of main component, includes but not limited to that solvay soda process produces waste residue or the byproduct that discharges in the soda ash process, and main component soil property similar with it.
Described solidifying agent can adopt silicate cement, aluminosulfate cement, gypsum, silicon ash, active mineral admixture, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and SiO
2Basic solution in a kind of or combined by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material powder that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, as: slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, zeolite etc.
Described conduct adds the outsourcing material (1) of core material of construction block and mortar and the concrete of interior partition wall (3), its material is formed and proportioning can adopt existing known various mortars and concrete material to form and proportioning, as: ordinary mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size should be less than 1cm.
In the outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block of the present invention and interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener can be set, described tension strongthener can adopt existing known tension strongthener, cloth, the reinforcing bar that forms as: the continuous fiber yarn of the short chopping of the fiber that non-directional distributes, directional profile, by fibrage or the muscle material of being made by fiber; Described fiber can adopt mineral fibre, man-made fiber or vegetable fibre etc.
Describedly add that the shared mass percent of various starting material components is in the core material of construction block: alkaline residue: 58～80%; Solidifying agent: 5～15%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.Can be forced out and enter in mortar or the concrete outsourcing material (1) owing in follow-up extrusion forming process, solidifying water in the caustic sludge soil (2), therefore be used for making mortar or concrete water can utilize pressure process to solidify the water of discharging in caustic sludge soil (2) core, the water yield that adds when therefore making mortar or concrete is definite according to the water yield of solidifying the water yield that caustic sludge soil (2) extrudes when the extrusion forming and gelling material aquation needs.
The described geometrical shape that adds core material of construction block and the projection of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation can be the geometrical shape of any known, include but not limited to rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped etc., and any distance is not more than 100cm in the projection at 2.
Make simultaneously and add core block of building material body and can satisfy requirement of strength for sufficient parcel solidifies caustic sludge soil (2) core, the thickness that adds core material of construction block medium sand slurry or concrete outsourcing material (1) layer is advisable with 1～5cm, add curing caustic sludge soil (2) the core area that exposes behind the core block of building material fragmentation body in order to reduce, reply curing caustic sludge soil (2) core is separated, the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) should not surpass 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is advisable with 1～3cm.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the caustic sludge soil making adds core material of construction block, the making of material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps:
The first step is made and is solidified caustic sludge soil (2) core.Selected solidifying agent is even in ratio and the caustic sludge soil mix of design, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.Solidify caustic sludge soil (2) and should have certain intensity, must guarantee that the pollutent of discharging with hole liquid enters simultaneously can make behind mortar or the concrete outsourcing material (1) mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) satisfy performance requriements and environmental protection standard to the requirement of the pollutent leaching index that adds core material of construction block in follow-up pressure process.The planar dimension of mould A is determined according to the planar dimension of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core of design.The height of mould A is determined according to the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of curing caustic sludge soil (2) and the object height after the core extrusion forming of curing caustic sludge soil (2).
In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.
In the 3rd step, spreading one deck mortar or concrete according to the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size; Curing caustic sludge soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify between caustic sludge soil (2) block and solidify at each and fill mortar or concrete between caustic sludge soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer; The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in the mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in the mould B or the coagulate layer thickness palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds the height (height of mould A) that solidifies caustic sludge soil (2) core before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) after by extrusion forming and determines.Mould B bottom surface is provided with water vent, solidify the water of extruding in the caustic sludge soil core (2) in the time of must guaranteeing to discharge extrusion forming, but mortar or concrete can not spill from water vent.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, and the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load are according to solidifying caustic sludge soil (2) core and (solidifying water ratio, void ratio, the soil particle grating of caustic sludge soil (2) as mortar and the concrete physical properties of outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3); The grain composition of mortar and concrete water-cement ratio, aggregate) and extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil (2) core and the target strength that adds core material of construction block determine the demoulding after the moulding.
In the 5th step, the block of extrusion forming is adopted common maintenance, vapor cure or steam press maintenance by the curing requirements of existing known cement concrete plastics products for building.Described common curing condition is 15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%; Described atmospheric steam curing condition is that normal pressure, vapor temperature are higher than 100 ℃; Described autoclave curing condition is that vapor temperature is higher than 176 ℃, and pressure is 0.8～1.5MPa.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify caustic sludge soil and make the method that adds core material of construction block, the building block that can be used for making brick material such as floor tile, decorative block, curb brick, shore protection brick and build structures such as pond, retaining wall, chimney, enclosure wall, industrial raw material warehouse by laying bricks or stones.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make floor tile, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 2, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 75%; Plasticity index 28.6, water ratio 110%, void ratio 2.97.
Solidifying agent 5%: powdery sodium silicate: 4.5%, industrial caustic soda: 0.5%;
Ordinary Portland cement mortar: 20%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 3%; Sand: 17%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 3 days (40 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 70%).The plane of mould A is the regular hexagon of length of side 22cm, highly is 18cm.
In second step, make sand-cement slurry.To and stir for the ordinary Portland cement of making sand-cement slurry, sand mixing.
In the 3rd step, the sand-cement slurry that a layer thickness is 1.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block of the first step making is placed on the design attitude of this screed; Fill mortar between caustic sludge soil and template and spread the sand-cement slurry that a layer thickness is 1.5cm on top solidifying.The plane of mould B is the regular hexagon of length of side 24cm, and thickness is 21cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 1KN/s, reach the lasting 3min aftershaping of 500KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core thickness is 6cm, and adding core floor tile total thickness is 8cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out curing room through common maintenance (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%) 7d strength grade after reaching MU3.5;
In the 6th step, the block after the maintenance is carried out painted processing finished product dispatch from the factory.
Execute example 2:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the curb brick, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 3, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 65%; Plasticity index 14.8, water ratio 50%, void ratio 2.0.
Solidifying agent: 13%; Wherein, Portland blast: 9%; Silicon ash 4%.
Regeneration aggregate fibrous concrete: 22%; Wherein, Portland blast: 4%; Recycled fine aggregate: 4.5%; Regenerated coarse aggregate: 11.5%; Mineral fibre: 0.5%; Water: 1.5%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance (30 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 85%) demoulding after 5 days.Solidifying planeform and the size of caustic sludge soil core among the planeform of mould A and size such as Fig. 3, highly is 130cm.
In second step, make regenerated aggregate concrete.To mix and stir for the Portland blast of making outsourcing material and interior partition wall, recycled fine aggregate, regenerated coarse aggregate, steel fiber and water and make regenerated aggregate concrete.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 6cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block that the first step is made is placed on the design attitude on this concrete layer; Solidifying between the caustic sludge soil block and solidifying between caustic sludge soil and template fill concrete and spread the concrete that a layer thickness is 6cm on top.Outer contour shape and the size of the planeform of mould B and size curb brick as shown in Figure 3 highly are 142cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.5KN/s, reach the lasting 1.5min aftershaping of 130KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core height is 56cm, and adding core curb brick total height is 65cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming reaches C through vapor cure (135 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 5d folding strength grade
f3.0 after shift out the curing room finished product and dispatch from the factory;
Embodiment 3:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the shore protection brick, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 4, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 74%; Plasticity index 14.5, water ratio 49%, void ratio 2.03.
Solidifying agent: 13%; Wherein, flyash 9%, ordinary Portland cement 4%.
Portland fly ash cement polymer concrete 13%; Wherein, Portland fly ash cement 3%, vinylbenzene: 0.5%; Fine aggregate: 3%; Coarse aggregate: 5.5%; Water: 1%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance (40 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 95%) demoulding after 4 days.The plane of mould A highly is 30cm for the rectangle of length * wide=18.5cm * 11cm.
In second step, make the cement polymer concrete.To mix and stir for the Portland fly ash cement of making outsourcing material and interior partition wall, vinylbenzene, coarse-fine aggregate and water and make concrete.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 2cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block that the first step is made is placed on the design attitude on this concrete layer; Solidifying between the caustic sludge soil block and solidifying between caustic sludge soil and template fill concrete and spread the concrete that a layer thickness is 3.5cm on top.The plane of mould B is the rectangle of length * wide=40cm * 25cm, and thickness is 35.5cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.9KN/s, reach the lasting 2.5min aftershaping of 450KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core height is 17cm, and riverbank shore protection brick total height is 20cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after autoclaving (200 ℃ of vapor temperatures, pressure 1.2MPa) 7d strength grade reaches MU10;
Embodiment 4:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the building block that is used for building by laying bricks or stones the pond, its front elevation view as shown in Figure 5, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 58%; Plasticity index: 15.7, water ratio: 40%, void ratio 2.1.
Solidifying agent: 9%; Wherein, granulated blast-furnace slag: 1%, metakaolin class pozzolanic material: 4%, water glass: 4%.
Portland blast mortar 33%; Wherein, Portland blast: 4.5%, sand: 27%; Water: 1.5%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A1 and A2 respectively and evenly tamp the back direct demold.The plane of mould A1 highly is 35cm for the rectangle of length * wide=37cm * 4cm; The plane of mould A2 highly is 35cm for the rectangle of length * wide=25cm * 7cm.
In second step, make the Portland blast mortar.To mix and stir for the Portland blast of making outsourcing material and interior partition wall, sand and water and make mortar.
In the 3rd step, the design attitude of pressing in mould B among Fig. 5 is laid carbon cloth; Spread the mortar that a layer thickness is 2cm in the bottom surface of mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block that the first step is made is placed on the design attitude on this screed, fills mortar between caustic sludge soil and template and spreads the mortar that a layer thickness is 2cm on top solidifying between the caustic sludge soil block and solidify.The plane of mould B is " worker " font, and the outer profile size of composite architectural materials block among planar dimension such as Fig. 5, the height of mould B are 39cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.9KN/s, reach the lasting 3min aftershaping of 450KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core thickness is 16cm, and the building block total thickness is 19cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after vapor cure (125 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 5d strength grade reaches MU7.5.
Embodiment 5:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the building block that is used for building by laying bricks or stones retaining wall, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 6, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 75%; Plasticity index 18.1, water ratio 59%, void ratio 2.2.
Solidifying agent: 15%; Wherein, granulated blast-furnace slag 1%, flyash 4%, water glass 10%.
Ordinary Portland cement concrete: 10%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 2%; Fine aggregate: 2%; Coarse aggregate: 5.5%, water: 0.5%
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and wet alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 8 days (25 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%).Solidifying planeform and the size of caustic sludge soil core among the planeform of mould A and size such as Fig. 6, highly is 50cm.
In second step, make the ordinary Portland cement concrete.To and stir for the ordinary Portland cement of making outsourcing material and interior partition wall, coarse-fine aggregate and water mixing.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 3.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block of the first step making is placed on the design attitude of this screed; Solidify between caustic sludge soil and template fill concrete and spreading the concrete that a layer thickness is 3.5cm on top.The planeform of mould B and be of a size of the shape and size that add the external profile of core block of building material shown in Fig. 6 highly is 36cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.3KN/s, reach the lasting 3min aftershaping of 225KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core height is 17cm, and the building block total height is 19cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after vapor cure (115 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 4d strength grade reaches MU5.0.
Embodiment 6:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make decorative block, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 7, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Wet alkaline residue: 80%; Plasticity index 23.4, water ratio 90%, void ratio 2.7.
Solidifying agent: 7%; Wherein, flyash: 6.5%, caustic soda: 0.5%.
Ordinary Portland cement mortar 13%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement 2.5%; Sand: 10%; Water: 0.5%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made and is solidified the caustic sludge soil core.Solidifying agent and wet alkaline residue mix is even, put into mould A1 and A2 and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 4 days (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 70%).The plane of mould A1 is the square of length of side 14.1cm, and the plane of mould A2 is the shape that the core material is polluted in the curing shown in 2 among Fig. 7, highly is 20cm.
In second step, make cement polymer mortar.To and stir for the ordinary Portland cement of making cement polymer mortar, sand and water mixing.
In the 3rd step, the sand-cement slurry that a layer thickness is 1.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing caustic sludge soil block of the first step making is placed on the design attitude of this screed; Fill mortar between caustic sludge soil and template and spread the mortar that a layer thickness is 1.5cm on top solidifying.The planeform of mould B and be of a size of the shape and size that add the external profile of core block of building material shown in Fig. 7 highly is 23cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.5KN/s, reach the lasting 1.5min aftershaping of 250KN until pressure and finish.Extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil core thickness is 7cm, and adding core decorative block total thickness is 9cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out curing room through common maintenance (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%) 6d intensity after reaching MU3.5;
In the 6th step, the block after the maintenance is carried out painted processing finished product dispatch from the factory.
Claims (9)
- One kind solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: constitute the outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block and the interior partition wall (3) of outsourcing material (1) internal space by mortar or concrete, in the inner space of being separated by interior partition wall (3) of outsourcing material (1), be filled with and solidify caustic sludge soil (2), be made through extrusion forming and maintenance.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described curing caustic sludge soil (2) refers to even by solidifying agent and the alkaline residue mix of design metering, a series of physical-chemical reactions through between solidifying agent and alkaline residue form the hardenite with certain intensity.Described alkaline residue is that the mixture with materials such as calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium chloride is the waste residue of main component, includes but not limited to that solvay soda process produces waste residue or the byproduct that discharges in the soda ash process, and main component soil property similar with it.
- 3. be silicate cement, aluminosulfate cement, gypsum, silicon ash, contain SO according to claim 1 and the described solidifying agent of claim 2 3Industrial residue (phosphogypsum, desulfurated plaster), active mineral admixture, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and SiO 2Basic solution a kind of or combined by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material powder that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, includes but not limited to slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, zeolite.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described mortar and concrete as the external packaging material material of block of building material (1) and interior partition wall (3), its material is formed and proportioning adopts existing known various mortars and concrete material to form and proportioning, include but not limited to that conventional cement mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size is less than 1cm.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: add the tension strongthener in described outsourcing material (1) and the interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener is the continuous fiber yarn of the short chopping of fiber that distributes of non-directional, directional profile, the fabric that is formed by fibrage or the muscle material of being made by fiber.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, wherein the shared mass percent of various starting material components is: alkaline residue: 58～80%; Solidifying agent: 5～15%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: this geometrical shape that adds core material of construction block and the projection of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation is the geometrical shape of any known, includes but not limited to rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped; Distance any 2 in the projection is not more than 100cm.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) thickness that adds core material of construction block is 1～5cm, the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) is no more than 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is 1cm～3cm.
- According to claim 1 a kind of solidify that caustic sludge soil and mortar or concrete constitute add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: the described making that adds core material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps: the first step, and make and solidify caustic sludge soil (2) core.Selected solidifying agent is even in ratio and the alkaline residue mix of design, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.The planar dimension of mould A is determined according to the planar dimension of curing caustic sludge soil (2) core of design.The height of mould A is determined according to the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of curing caustic sludge soil (2) and the object height after the core extrusion forming of curing caustic sludge soil (2).In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.The 3rd step is at mortar or the concrete made according to second step of shop, the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size one deck; Curing caustic sludge soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify between caustic sludge soil (2) block and solidify at each and fill mortar or concrete between caustic sludge soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer.The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in the mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in mould B or the coagulate layer thickness palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds the height (height of mould A) that solidifies caustic sludge soil (2) core before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) after by extrusion forming and determines.The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load are according to solidify polluting soil (2) core and as mortar and concrete physical properties and extrusion forming after fixing caustic sludge soil (2) core of outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) with to add the target strength of core material of construction block definite, the demoulding after the moulding.In the 5th step, the block after the extrusion forming is carried out maintenance by the existing known common maintenance of curing requirements employing, vapor cure or the autoclave curing mode of cement concrete plastics products for building.
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| CN116441279A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-07-18 | 江苏东南环保科技有限公司 | Cross-linking curing treatment method for alkali slag containing salt |
| CN117049805A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of cementing material with ammonia alkali white mud-slag-fly ash as raw material |
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