CN1693619A - Hollow building block having light heat insulating material filled in internal cavity and its making method - Google Patents
Hollow building block having light heat insulating material filled in internal cavity and its making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1693619A CN1693619A CN 200510053353 CN200510053353A CN1693619A CN 1693619 A CN1693619 A CN 1693619A CN 200510053353 CN200510053353 CN 200510053353 CN 200510053353 A CN200510053353 A CN 200510053353A CN 1693619 A CN1693619 A CN 1693619A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a hollow building block having light heat insulating material filled in internal cavity and its making method. The building block body is composed of high strength cement concrete or clay by sintering, there is sealed light heat insulation material block or hard foam heat insulation plate block packing by the plastic film in the building block internal hollow cavity, the main thermal resistance is composed of heat insulation material thermal resistance and closed air interstratifications thermal resistance; the production technology is simple, the material such as rice straw, wheat straw, waste foam as well as slag etc used to product the heat insulation material of the building block is rich, the heat insulation material do not absorb water and metamorphose after sealing; the building block is whole closed hollow, there is no opening external and it is easy to product, the building body has high strength and is not easy to crack or leak; it has good heat insulation and can meet the building energy saving heat transfer coefficient and thermal inert indexes of the enclosure wall; the self decorate performance is good and the external wall has strong anti collision ability. This building block meets the related standard requirements of the enclosure wall in all aspects and is mainly used to build the external wall as well as household wall.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material of masonry panel, more particularly, relate to be used for building-block and the method for making thereof that retaining wall has high thermal and insulating performance.
Background technology
The present architectural cement concrete building-block that is used to build by laying bricks or stones retaining wall, its intensity of vitrified bond porous brick is good, can satisfy the exterior wall requirement of strength and decorate effect of requirement certainly, its defective is that thermal and insulating performance is poor, can not satisfy the relevant energy-conservation standard-required of country.Have in the past when building masonry by laying bricks or stones, fill loose fill type insulant while building toward inner chamber, because that loose fill type insulant is easily let out is diffusing, it is very inconvenient construct, simultaneously because the sinking of loose fill type insulant can absorb a large amount of moisture content, so existing to the utmostly lack employing.What adopt at present is the thermal and insulating performance that outer insulation or interior heat preserving mode strengthen body of wall, just at wall face or interior metope is sticked on the foamed plastics plate or at interior wall plaster granules of polystyrene thermal insulation mortar; But when satisfying thermal insulation, following point is arranged again, because foamed plastics matter is soft, decorate the effect extreme difference certainly, can only be coated with and scrape the topping of thickness less than 5mm, as wall face, anti-impact strength is low, and its durability falls under suspicion; Interior metope lightweight surface layer, under natural ventilation in summer condition, the surface of wall temperature fluctuates with fluctuations in indoor temperature easily, and its inner surface maximum temperature is difficult to meet energy conservation standard.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to existing cement concrete building-block, sintered clay porous brick intensity is big, but thermal and insulating performance is poor; The light heat insulating material good effect of heat insulation, but intensity is low; Both one hard one soft matter discord.It is low that walling pastes the light heat insulation material bonding strength outward, outer heat-insulating light facing decoration weak effect, interior heat-insulating light surface layer wall surface temperature is easily with the outside temperature a kind of technical solution that these problems provide that fluctuates---promptly at the building block internal cavity, light heat insulating material is set, increase the thermal resistance of building block, make the mean thermal transmittance of body of wall meet energy-conservation requirement, simultaneously, light heat insulating material does not absorb water in building block, constant tide, never degenerate, do not have load, thermal and insulating performance is stable, permanent.Make new type block not only have the intensity of small concrete block masonry, porous clay brick, the excellent decoration effect has excellent heat insulation performance simultaneously.The masonry that this product is built by laying bricks or stones only needs routine to whitewash 2cm solid cement mortar and lime mortar, just can satisfy retaining wall-exterior wall, the relevant energy conservation standard of party wall country and requirement of strength.
The present invention will overcome the above problems the technical scheme that is adopted:
At existing cement concrete building-block inner chamber, light filling heat preserving and insulating material piece and with bottom surface water silt particle slurry sealing on the building-block forms inner chamber and fills high thermal and insulating performance material, the totally enclosed building-block of outside imperforation.
Concrete filling mode is 1, post the insulating block of aluminium foil with the rigid foam insulating block or with the two sides, the building block inner chamber is separated into two or more loculuses, a plurality of occluded air interbeds inside and outside forming.
2, with aboundresources, inexpensive but loose, water imbibition is big, and mechanical strength is low but the material of high thermal and insulating performance has the composite plastic film package encapsulation of aluminium foil to become and the corresponding thermal insulation piece of cavity shape with plastic sheeting or single face, inserts the building block inner chamber.
3, adopt the combination of two or more heat-barrier material to insert, make the heat insulation requirement that can satisfy body of wall mean thermal transmittance K and heat inertia index D of block insulation.
4, the sintered clay porous brick is changed a little, become double hole loam brick, brick intention does not weaken, and the fragment of brick inner chamber can better be filled heat preserving and insulating material, seals with cement clay or cement mortar.
Beneficial effect
One, preparation method beneficial effect
1, adopt the building-block entity, heat preserving and insulating material is made into the mode of production of the last row again of member assembling respectively, makes the cement concrete entity can keep firm durable performance, does not influence intensity; Light heat insulation material is independent heat insulation, does not influence heat insulating effect; Two kinds of impacts of performance of two kinds of materials with different properties are more given full play to.
2, avoided in the building block one-shot forming process, the position skew of heat preserving and insulating material in the chamber and the breakage of material, avoided the building block cement setting before, because of the elastic force of inner light heat insulation material has improved product quality to the damage of cement concrete plastid.Overcome one-shot forming because of do not coexist difficulty on making of material property, improved speed of production.
3, enlarged the kind of wall thermal insulating heat-barrier material, made building block can fully satisfy the heat insulation requirement of wall thermal insulating, effectively reduced material cost again, China south abounds with paddy rice, and the north is fertile of wheat, corn.Straw, straw aboundresources, various places can suit measures to local conditions to use.
4, the packing foamed plastics that will discard is broken into little particle after cleaning, with inserting the building block internal cavity after the plastic sheeting encapsulation, be the excellent insulating heat-barrier material, can eliminate white pollution, environment purification again.
5, can be according to the coefficient of thermal conductivity of heat preserving and insulating material, coefficient of heat accumulation, the building block cavity is inserted in inside and outside layering, satisfies retaining wall thermal transmittance and heat inertia index.
6, the equipment of original making cement concrete building-block can effectively use.
Two, the beneficial effect of product
1, product of the present invention had both kept the intensity of existing building-block, had increased high thermal and insulating performance again, decorate certainly effective, the external rendering cement mortar, binding face tile is firm durable.Overcome the phenomenon that light material interior wall surface temperature fluctuates with fluctuations in indoor temperature.
2, reduce retaining wall thickness, increased floor space.Compare with interior insulation, thickness reduces more than the 30mm, and every cover dwelling house retaining wall calculates by long 50m, increases area 1.5m
2
3, building block has last bottom surface, during masonry panel, and easy construction, mortar is full, and masonry strength increases, and shearing resistance is big, and body of wall is difficult for producing crack, seepage.
4, heat preserving and insulating material in the building block through plastic film packaging, sealing, makes loose material become solid shape, the big material of water imbibition is not absorbed water become tide, effectively improves the stability of thermal and insulating performance.
5, organic heat-insulating heat-barrier material, through dry, spraying insecticide, after the warehouse is stacked, effectively deinsectization; During the material packing, add an amount of pulverized limestone, can absorb remaining moisture content and play mildew-proof function; After the encapsulation,, can play maximum insecticidal effect, prolong effective desinsection time limit, the situation of damaging by worms can not taken place with entry needle a small amount of insecticide that reinjects.Because polybag double-layer seal and the sealing of building block entity do not have pollution to environment.
6, heat preserving and insulating material is in full closeding state at the non-loaded pressurized of building block inner chamber, has avoided plastic sheeting, heat preserving and insulating material because of sunlight, ultraviolet ray, and the damage of dioxygen oxidation is difficult for aged deterioration, and heat insulating effect is permanent.
7, the building block internal cavity is separated into two or more loculuses, each loculus becomes an occluded air interbed, or single face aluminium foil occluded air interbed and two-sided aluminium foil occluded air interbed, make building block inner chamber air space thermal resistance become two above thermal resistances, the thermal resistance total value is improved greatly by one.
8, the body of wall of this concrete block masonry, the moisture content that cold doubtful phenomenon produced in the body of wall can be compared with the outer insulation of lightweight foamed plastics plate by masonry masonry mortar building block wall side (cold bridge position) to outside pervaporation, overcome body of wall because of condensation, the defective that moisture content is difficult to evaporate in the body of wall.
Implementation method
One, makes the heat preserving and insulating material module component
According to outside specification 390 * 190 * 190mm of cement concrete building-block, the thick 30mm of wall rib, base thickness 10mm up and down, the building block inner chamber is two cavitys of 130 * 150 * 170mm, the outside specification a of Fig. 1 single row of holes building block wall b rib c cavity.Fig. 7 double hole building block.Be example now,, make corresponding plastic film bag according to the inner chamber size specification with the single row of holes building block.
1, with high-pressure process polyethylene is blow molded into thick 100 microns, the plastic sheeting sleeve pipe of girth 570mm is made the bag film of long 550mm.Other makes girth 360mm, the bag film of long 250mm, the membrane casing of girth 60mm.The plastic sheeting that aluminium foil is perhaps arranged with single face in plastic sheeting faced, is made plastic film bag, the pipe of above-mentioned specification with the hot melt edge sealing.
2, with straw cut growth 170mm, by pack into the plastic film bag of girth 570mm of 330g, sack and the involutory heat sealing of the bag same direction in the end are folded in half into square with the sealing line both sides again, and (as Fig. 3 b) makes the heat insulation after the packing become the rectangle of 130 * 150 * 170mm substantially.
3, with corn stalk cut growth 170mm, put into the plastic film bag of girth 360mm, sack doubling heat sealing makes the heat insulation after the packing become thick 30mm substantially, wide 150mm, high 170mm's is plate-like.Packing material comes down to the air in space between corn stalk and straw, and the occluded air interbed of straw is arranged in also can saying so.
4, make the plastic sheeting sleeve pipe of girth 60mm, with sleeve pipe one end heat sealing, the other end injects air, and spacing 170mm receives the bundle heat sealing and makes diameter 20mm, the air column jecket of long 170mm.
5, cheap urea-formaldehyde foamed plastics or low-density polystyrene foam-plastic blocks are sealed with plastic film packaging.Packing foamed plastics with discarded is broken into granule after the cleaning, package spare with plastic film bag.
6, use thick 30mm, the polystyrene foam plastics insulating block of 15mm cuts into 150 * 170mm.
7, rivers (lake, sea) mud added make plate-like drying after an amount of pulverized limestone is mixed thoroughly, after the plastic film packaging sealing, or flyash, slag with plastic film packaging after with light material interlayer in-filled block inner chamber, in order to regulate heat inertia index D.
Organic materials such as straw answer cleaning to dry, and spray an amount of pyrethrins, tie up stack indoor, rainproof protection against the tide.After the plastic film bag encapsulation, use small size entry needle again, inject a small amount of insecticide, seal pinprick with viscose glue.
Two, make the building-block entity
1, make adhesive material with cement, adopt Portland cement or portland slag cement, Portland pozzolana cement becomes special dry concrete with water, sandstone or an amount of flyash, slag mix, and the mixture grade is KO, is loose shape before the mixture moulding.
2, single row of holes or double punch die are arranged on the shaking platform, cement mixture is put into the forming machine die cavity to be vibrated through 3-5 time second, cement mixture is evenly distributed in the die cavity, strike off unnecessary part mixture, with the stamen mould with cement mixture punching press in the die cavity, the moulding of loading vibratory compaction is extruded the demoulding and is placed on the flat board, produces the building-block that the end is arranged.
The building block that makes moulding is the square type, the building block of specification 390 * 190 * 190mm single row of holes, 30 times 32mm on the wall thickness, the thick last 30 times 34mm of rib, base thickness 10mm.The wall mouth is a step.Flat mouthful of rib, highly low 10mm.Fig. 2 building block wall, rib sectional drawing.At the bottom of a wall b rib c wall mouth d.The building block of double hole, wall, rib thickness can lack 10mm than single row of holes.
3, existing cement concrete building-block (through hole) is placed on the flat board, smeared the diapire of a bed thickness 10mm with cement mortar.
4, be prefabricated into and the corresponding cement concrete plate of building block (upper bottom surface) suitable for reading, thickness 10mm is used for embedding bonding and seals.
Three, the filling of building block cavity heat preserving and insulating material
In the building block chamber, put into a plastic film bag earlier, make bag film can be close to the chamber wall, do not interspace.
1, the homogenous material piece is put into: with packaging bag girth 570mm, inner chamber is put in the extruding of the sealing block of heavy 330g straw, and straw is evenly distributed, and is full of in the chamber, does not interspace, and straw density is 100kg/m
3Fig. 3, entire package bag c layering package encapsulation bag and interlayer aluminium foil in a straw b chamber.Or will put into double hole building block cavity after the encapsulation of crushed material foamed plastics.
2, the homogenous material polylith is put into: layering proper alignment inside and outside two or more than two heat-barrier material piece is put into the chamber.
3, mix and to put into: the chamber is put in layering inside and outside the heat insulation of different materials packing, is straw as the middle level, inside and outside two-layer be husk or wood chip, mud.
4, textural association is put into: with the hard polystyrene insulating block of thick 30mm, side is sticking scrapes cement slurry, and the building block cavity is divided into two occluded air interbeds (loculus), can stick on aluminium foil increase thermal resistance in the two sides inside and outside insulating block; Perhaps in two loculuses, put into the flyash of encapsulation or Shanghai slag, mud.In order to improve building block heat inertia index D.As Fig. 4, a, occluded air interbed; B, rigid foam insulating block; C, aluminium foil.
5, with the rigid foam insulating block of thick 2.5cm, intersection is put at building block inner chamber diagonal angle, the building block inner chamber is separated into four enclosure spaces, as Fig. 5.
Insulating block and wall contact position, chamber need with the cement slurry sealing slit to be arranged, otherwise air can circulate through the slit after being heated.
6, accent (wall, rib) is coated with and scrapes cement slurry, precast plate is embedded seal or use the cement mortar direct sealing.
Four, the transformation of the way of sintered clay brick
According to the specification and the requirement of strength of P type and M type porous clay brick, be 240 * 190 * 90mm with outside specifications design, as Fig. 8.Hole is two round shapes, as Fig. 9, and a cavity b entity.Hole ratio 33%, mortar joint 10mm when building thick 190mm body of wall by laying bricks or stones, two skin brick entity contact surfaces are 83% up and down.The cavity length and width can be reduced simultaneously, hole ratio is at 25-33%, and two skin brick entity contact surfaces are more than 83% about making.Make masonry strength can reach the porous brick requirement.
Insert in the chamber with the rigid foam insulating block of rigid foam insulating block or two sides stickup aluminium foil or through the straw heat insulation of package encapsulation, accent seals with cement mortar or prefabricated chunk.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1, single row of holes building block a wall b cavity c rib
Fig. 2, building block are sealed at the bottom of antetheca, the step-like wall d of rib degree of lip-rounding shape a wall b rib c
Fig. 3, single row of holes building block straw are filled integral plastics film packaging bag c straw layering plastic film packaging bag and aluminium foil in a straw b chamber
Fig. 4, single row of holes building block inner chamber rigid foam insulating block are separated a occluded air interbed b insulating block c aluminium foil
Fig. 5, single row of holes building block inner chamber rigid foam insulating block intersect separates a wall b insulating block c enclosure space
Fig. 6, double hole building block inner chamber rigid foam insulating block are separated a insulating block b building block entity c occluded air interbed.
Fig. 7, the inner chamber integrated packing filling foamed plastics of double hole building block particle
Fig. 8, the outside specification of remodeling back porous clay brick
Fig. 9, remodeling back porous clay brick cavity structure
Figure 10, double hole building block horizontal profile a entity b insulating block c occluded air interbed
Figure 11, double hole building block end face (cross section) section a entity b insulating block c occluded air interbed
At the bottom of Figure 12, the double hole building block bar face vertical section a entity b insulating block c
Wherein, Fig. 3 is a Figure of abstract.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of building-block, building block is a rectangle, it is characterized in that, and the building block entity is made of cement concrete or vitrified bond, and the building block internal cavity is filled with light heat insulating material.
2, building-block according to claim 1, described building block internal cavity is filled with light heat insulating material, it is characterized in that heat-barrier material is inside and outside a plurality of occluded air interbeds that rigid foam insulating block and rigid foam insulating block are separated into cavity.
3, building-block according to claim 1, described building block internal cavity is filled with light heat insulating material, it is characterized in that, heat-barrier material with plastic sheeting with loose, water imbibition is big, the heat preserving and insulating material package encapsulation that mechanical strength is low becomes to have solid shape, the heat preserving and insulating material piece that does not absorb water.
4, building-block according to claim 3, described building block internal cavity fill with the plastic sheeting encapsulation loose, water imbibition is big, the heat preserving and insulating material that mechanical strength is low is straw or wheat straw, hay, lightweight herbaceous plant straw, husk, wood chip, foamed plastics, the light powder ash, slag, mud.
5, building-block according to claim 3, described building block internal cavity is filled with through plastic film packaging sealing heat preserving and insulating material piece, it is characterized in that, heat preserving and insulating material piece inner packing sealing be the occluded air interbed that the lightweight rod-shaped material of loosening and storeroom space are constituted.
6, building-block according to claim 2, described building block internal cavity is filled with the rigid foam insulating block cavity is separated into inside and outside a plurality of occluded air interbeds, it is characterized in that the inside and outside two sides of insulating block is pasted with aluminium foil, constitute single or double aluminium foil occluded air interbed.
7, building-block according to claim 3, described building block internal cavity are filled with the heat preserving and insulating material piece with the plastic film packaging sealing, it is characterized in that plastic film for wrapping is the laminated film that single face has aluminium foil.
8, building-block according to claim 1, described building block entity portion is made of cement concrete, its preparation method is (1) with Portland cement or portland slag cement, portland pozzolan cement becomes special dry concrete with water, sandstone or an amount of powdered coal ash-cinder mix, the mixture grade is KO, is loose shape before the mixture moulding; (2) cement mixture is put into the forming machine die cavity, through the extrusion molding of punching press loading vibratory compaction; (3) building block condense the back with the rigid foam insulating block with the building block internal cavity be separated into inside and outside two or two on above occluded air interbed; Perhaps put into cavity with a whole heat insulation; Perhaps put into cavity with the inside and outside layering of a plurality of heat insulations; (4) embed and to seal or use the cement mortar direct sealing with the prefabricated cement sheeting rubber cement of cementing, press cement products curing; (5) existing through hole is not had the cement concrete building-block of diapire, after the moulding earlier with cement mortar at the end that the cavity inner bottom surface is smeared a bed thickness 10mm, all the other ways are the same.
9, building-block according to claim 1, described building block entity portion is made of vitrified bond, its preparation method is (1), the porous clay brick specification is made into 240 * 190 * 90mm, porous is made into double hole, and hole ratio is at 25%-33%, make masonry that hollow brick builds by laying bricks or stones up and down two skin brick entity contact surfaces more than 83%, (2) behind the sintering heat preserving and insulating material piece or rigid foam insulating block are inserted in the chamber, seal with cement mortar.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200510053353 CN1693619A (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2005-03-09 | Hollow building block having light heat insulating material filled in internal cavity and its making method |
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| CN200410104209 | 2004-12-16 | ||
| CN200410104209.9 | 2004-12-16 | ||
| CN 200510053353 CN1693619A (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2005-03-09 | Hollow building block having light heat insulating material filled in internal cavity and its making method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100357538C (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-12-26 | 陈星� | Frame filling body warm preservation heat insulation board and its construction method |
| CN101575886B (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2011-03-30 | 康玉范 | Technical method for building self-insulating and energy-saving wall with Z-shaped energy-saving building blocks |
| CN103304213A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for making cored building material block by using solidified soda residue soil |
| CN104563378A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Heat-insulating brick |
| CN104876635A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 蚌埠营军新型墙体材料有限公司 | Preparation method of hollow brick with high heat retaining property |
| CN106193429A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南大学 | A kind of function building block based on fast-growing grass and preparation method thereof |
| CN106677415A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Light-weight fire-prevention and heat-preservation brick |
| CN106677414A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Fire-prevention and heat-preservation brick |
| CN106677416A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Lightweight fireproof thermal insulation brick |
| CN108383543A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-10 | 闽南师范大学 | Hollow brick embeds spherolite foamed brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN108842934A (en) * | 2018-06-23 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥国瑞集成建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of wallboard waterproof construction |
| CN111188453A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-05-22 | 陈龙 | Preparation method of building block |
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2005
- 2005-03-09 CN CN 200510053353 patent/CN1693619A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100357538C (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-12-26 | 陈星� | Frame filling body warm preservation heat insulation board and its construction method |
| CN101575886B (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2011-03-30 | 康玉范 | Technical method for building self-insulating and energy-saving wall with Z-shaped energy-saving building blocks |
| CN103304213A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for making cored building material block by using solidified soda residue soil |
| CN104563378A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Heat-insulating brick |
| CN104876635A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 蚌埠营军新型墙体材料有限公司 | Preparation method of hollow brick with high heat retaining property |
| CN106193429A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南大学 | A kind of function building block based on fast-growing grass and preparation method thereof |
| CN106677415A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Light-weight fire-prevention and heat-preservation brick |
| CN106677414A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Fire-prevention and heat-preservation brick |
| CN106677416A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 | Lightweight fireproof thermal insulation brick |
| CN108383543A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-10 | 闽南师范大学 | Hollow brick embeds spherolite foamed brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN108383543B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2020-12-29 | 闽南师范大学 | Foam brick with spherical particles embedded in hollow brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN108842934A (en) * | 2018-06-23 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥国瑞集成建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of wallboard waterproof construction |
| CN111188453A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-05-22 | 陈龙 | Preparation method of building block |
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