CN103224368A - Method for manufacturing cored building material block by utilizing solidified polluted soil - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing cored building material block by utilizing solidified polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103224368A CN103224368A CN2013101756986A CN201310175698A CN103224368A CN 103224368 A CN103224368 A CN 103224368A CN 2013101756986 A CN2013101756986 A CN 2013101756986A CN 201310175698 A CN201310175698 A CN 201310175698A CN 103224368 A CN103224368 A CN 103224368A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a cored building material block by utilizing solidified polluted soil, belonging to the field of civil engineering. The cored building material block consists of a solidified polluted soil core material and mortar or a concrete outer packaging material and an inner partition wall, and is manufactured by the steps of manufacturing the solidified polluted soil core material, manufacturing mortar or concrete, performing pressurizing forming, maintaining and the like. The solidified polluted soil is formed by the steps of uniformly stirring a curing agent and polluted soil (sludge generated by sewage treatment, tailing slurry generated in the ore extraction process, waste slurry generated in the petroleum drilling process, industrial polluted soil and the like) and performing physical and chemical reaction on the curing agent and the polluted soil to form a hardenite which has certain strength and can fix toxic and harmful substances in the polluted soil so as to reduce or eliminate leaching of the toxic and harmful substances along with water. The method effectively utilizes various sludge and polluted soil generated by industrial production and daily life and realizes reduction, harmless treatment and reclamation of various sludge and polluted soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of civil engineering, specifically, be meant to utilize to solidify and pollute the method that the soil making adds core material of construction block.
Background technology
Raising along with social development and environmental protection standard, the various pollution soil that industrial production and social life produce are more and more, pollution order benefit to environment is serious, as: the mud that sewage work produces, various industrial pollution soil, waste drilling mud, red mud mine tailing etc.More and more urgent to these demands of innoxious, minimizing, recycling treatment of polluting soil.
Mainly being to store up or landfill for these processing modes of polluting soil at present, is direct stacking the pollution soil of storing up as: factory's venomous injurant, the pollution soil that the overflow of plant produced industrial chemicals causes etc.; The mud that the mud that Sewage Plant produces, paper mill produce generally is to stack after dewatering; After then adopt solidifying usually, waste drilling mud, red mud mine tailing store up or the processing mode of landfill.Store up or solidify after store up or the processing mode of landfill all realizes polluting the minimizing of soil and innoxious fully, do not realize recycling yet, still take a large amount of soils, exist the potential environmental pollution to threaten.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the making of pollution soil adds the core material of construction, can realize various innoxious and minimizings of polluting soil, it is got utilization.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the making of pollution soil adds core material of construction block.The present invention at first adopts solidifying agent and pollutes native mix and evenly make to solidify and pollute soil (2) and make the poisonous and harmful element that pollutes in the soil fix and be difficult for coming out with the water leaching; Then, adopt mortar or concrete for making to add the outsourcing material (1) of core material of construction block and interior partition wall (3) (solidify pollute native (2) core be positioned at the space that mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) are separated into by partition wall (3)); At last, adopt the method for extrusion forming to make curing pollution soil (2) form closely knit high-strength solidified earth under pressure, reach the intensity of common buildings material product requirement, thus make with solidify to pollute soil (2) be core, with mortar or concrete be outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) add core material of construction block.The present invention has improved and has solidified the intensity of polluting soil (2), has improved pollutent wherein and has easily come out with the water leaching and solidify to pollute the cracked deficiency that causes secondary pollution of soil (2) easy-weathering, and realized various minimizing, the innoxious and resource utilizations of polluting soil.
Described curing pollution soil (2) is meant will be even with the native mix of pollution through the solidifying agent of design metering, a series of physical-chemical reactions through between solidifying agent and pollution soil, formation has certain intensity and the hazardous and noxious substances that will pollute in the soil is fixed, thereby reduces or eliminates the hardenite of its hazardous and noxious substances with the water leaching.The pollution soil that contains hazardous and noxious substances that described pollution soil can adopt industrial production or daily life to produce, as: the contaminated soil body, rivers and lakes desilting sludge discharged etc. in the mud that discharge in the discarded slurry that produces in the mine tailing mud that produces in sludge produced by sewage treatment, the ore extraction process, the Process of Oil Well Drilling, paper mill, the Industrial processes.
Described solidifying agent can adopt silicate cement, aluminate cement, aluminosulfate cement, lime, gypsum, contain SO
3Industrial residue (phosphogypsum, desulfurated plaster etc.), active mineral admixture, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and chemical adulterating agent in a kind of or combine by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material powder that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, as: slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, slag, zeolite etc.Chemical adulterating agent wherein is for reaching the chemical agent of good solidification effect admixture at the pollution of different sources and chemical constitution soil.Can adopt Tai-Ace S 150, calcium chloride, naphthalene water reducer, sal epsom etc. for its chemical adulterating agent of sludge produced by sewage treatment; For its chemical adulterating agent of the mine tailing mud that produces in the ore extraction process can be monoammonium phosphate, sodium sulfate etc.; Its chemical adulterating agent of the discarded slurry that produces in the Process of Oil Well Drilling can be aluminum chloride, iron(ic) chloride, Tai-Ace S 150, ferric sulfate, arteries and veins urea formaldehyde, caustic soda etc.; For its chemical adulterating agent of pollution soil that contains heavy metals such as lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc can be phosphoric acid salt, general calcium etc.The volume of described solidifying agent adds the target strength and the toxic substance leaching figureofmerit of core material of construction block after according to physico-mechanical properties, chemical property and the curing of polluting soil and extrusion forming and determines.
The mortar and the concrete of described outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) as the material of construction block, its material is formed and proportioning can adopt existing known various mortars and concrete material to form and proportioning, as: conventional cement mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size is less than 1cm.
In outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block of the present invention and interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener can be set, described tension strongthener can adopt existing known tension strongthener, cloth, reinforcing bar, woven wire, geo-grid that forms as: the successive fiber yarn of the short chopping of the fiber that non-directional distributes, directional profile, by fibrage or the muscle material of being made by fiber; Described fiber can adopt steel fiber, mineral fibre, man-made fiber or vegetable fibre etc.
Describedly add that the shared mass percent of various starting material components is in the core material of construction block: pollute soil: 60～82%; Solidifying agent: 4～10%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.
The described geometrical shape that adds core material of construction block and the projection of curing pollution soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation can be the geometrical shape of any known, as: rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped etc., and any 2 distance is not more than 100cm in the projection.
The described thickness that adds core material of construction block medium sand slurry or concrete enclosing shell is advisable with 1～5cm, and the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) is no more than 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is advisable with 1～3cm.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the making of pollution soil adds core material of construction block, the making of material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted soil (2) core.With selected solidifying agent in the ratio of design with to pollute native mix even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.The planar dimension that the planar dimension of mould A pollutes soil (2) core according to the curing of design is determined.The height of mould A is determined according to the object height after solidifying the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of polluting soil (2) and solidifying (2) the core extrusion forming of pollution soil.
In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.
The 3rd step is at mortar or the concrete made according to second step of shop, the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size one deck; Curing pollution soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify to pollute between soil (2) block and solidify to pollute at each and fill mortar or concrete between soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer.The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in mould B or the thickness of the concrete layer palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds after by extrusion forming and solidifies the height (height of mould A) that pollutes soil (2) core and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and determine.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, and the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load (solidify water ratio, void ratio, permeability coefficient, the soil particle grating of polluting soil (2) according to solidifying the physical properties of polluting soil (2) core and mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1); The grain composition of mortar and concrete water-cement ratio, aggregate) determines.The demoulding after the moulding.
In the 5th step, adopt existing known common maintenance, vapor cure or steam press maintenance to carry out maintenance by the curing requirements of cement concrete plastics products for building the block of extrusion forming.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify to pollute soil and make the method that adds core material of construction block, the building block that can be used to make brick material such as floor tile, decorative block, curb brick, shore protection brick and build structures such as pond, retaining wall, chimney, enclosure wall, industrial raw material warehouse by laying bricks or stones.
The invention has the advantages that: realized various mud that produce in industrial production and the daily life and minimizing, the innoxious and resource utilization of polluting soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adds core material of construction block sectional view;
Floor tile orthographic plan among Fig. 2 embodiment 1;
Curb brick orthographic plan among Fig. 3 embodiment 2;
Riverbank retaining wall brick orthographic plan among Fig. 4 embodiment 3;
Build the building block front elevation view in pond among Fig. 5 embodiment 4 by laying bricks or stones;
Build the building block orthographic plan of retaining wall among Fig. 6 embodiment 5 by laying bricks or stones;
Decorative block orthographic plan among Fig. 7 embodiment 6.
Among the figure, 1: outsourcing material; 2: solidify and pollute soil; 3: interior partition wall; 4: geo-grid.Dimensional units is mm among the figure.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the making of pollution soil adds core material of construction block.The present invention at first adopts solidifying agent solidify to pollute soil to make wherein poisonous and harmful element fix and can not come out with the water leaching; Then, adopt mortar or concrete outside solidifying pollution native (2), to do the coating layer of one deck sealing and solidifying and pollute the interior partition wall (3) of doing necessity between native (2) block; At last, adopt the method for extrusion forming to make curing pollution soil (2) form closely knit high-strength solidified earth under pressure, reach the intensity of common buildings material product requirement, make with solidify to pollute soil (2) be core, with mortar or concrete be outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) add core material of construction block.
Described curing pollution soil (2) is meant will be even with the native mix of pollution through the solidifying agent of design metering, a series of physical-chemical reactions through between solidifying agent and pollution soil, formation has certain intensity and the hazardous and noxious substances that will pollute in the soil is fixed, thereby reduces or eliminates the hardenite of its hazardous and noxious substances with the water leaching.The pollution soil that contains hazardous and noxious substances that described pollution soil can adopt industrial production or daily life to produce, as: the contaminated soil body, rivers and lakes desilting sludge discharged etc. in the mud that discharge in the discarded slurry that produces in the mine tailing mud that produces in sludge produced by sewage treatment, the ore extraction process, the Process of Oil Well Drilling, paper mill, the Industrial processes.
Described solidifying agent can adopt silicate cement, aluminate cement, aluminosulfate cement, lime, gypsum, contain SO
3Industrial residue (phosphogypsum, desulfurated plaster etc.), active mineral admixture powder, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and chemical adulterating agent in a kind of or combine by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, as: slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, slag, zeolite.Chemical adulterating agent wherein is for reaching the chemical agent of good solidification effect admixture at the pollution of different sources and chemical constitution soil.Can adopt Tai-Ace S 150, calcium chloride, naphthalene water reducer, sal epsom etc. for its chemical adulterating agent of sludge produced by sewage treatment; Can adopt monoammonium phosphate, sodium sulfate etc. for its chemical adulterating agent of the mine tailing mud that produces in the ore extraction process; Its chemical adulterating agent of the discarded slurry that produces in the Process of Oil Well Drilling can adopt aluminum chloride, iron(ic) chloride, Tai-Ace S 150, ferric sulfate, arteries and veins urea formaldehyde, caustic soda etc.: can adopt phosphoric acid salt, general calcium etc. for its chemical adulterating agent of pollution soil that contains heavy metals such as lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc.The volume of described solidifying agent adds the target strength and the toxic substance leaching figureofmerit of core material of construction block after according to physico-mechanical properties, chemical property and the curing of polluting soil and extrusion forming and determines.
Described conduct adds the mortar of the outsourcing material (1) of core material of construction block and interior partition wall (3) and its material of concrete is formed and proportioning can adopt existing known various mortars and concrete material composition and proportioning, as: ordinary mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size should be less than 1cm.
In outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block of the present invention and interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener can be set, described tension strongthener can adopt existing known tension strongthener, cloth, reinforcing bar that forms as: the successive fiber yarn of the short chopping of the fiber that non-directional distributes, directional profile, by fibrage or the muscle material of being made by fiber; Described fiber can adopt steel fiber, mineral fibre, man-made fiber or vegetable fibre etc.
Describedly add that the shared mass percent of various starting material components is in the core material of construction block: pollute soil: 60～82%; Solidifying agent: 4～10%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.Owing to can being forced out, the water in the curing pollution soil (2) in follow-up extrusion forming process enters in mortar or the concrete outsourcing material (1), therefore be used for making mortar or concrete water and can utilize pressure process to solidify to pollute the water of discharging in soil (2) core, the water yield that adds when therefore making mortar or concrete is definite according to solidifying the water yield of polluting the water yield that soil (2) extrudes when the extrusion forming and gelling material aquation needs.
The described geometrical shape that adds core material of construction block and the projection of curing pollution soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation can be the geometrical shape of any known, include but not limited to rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped etc., and any distance is not more than 100cm in the projection at 2.
Pollute soil (2) core and make simultaneously and add core block of building material body and can satisfy requirement of strength for sufficient parcel solidifies, the thickness that adds core material of construction block medium sand slurry or concrete outsourcing material (1) layer is advisable with 1～5cm, add curing pollution soil (2) the core area that exposes behind the core block of building material fragmentation body in order to reduce, reply curing is polluted soil (2) core and is separated, the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) should not surpass 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is advisable with 1～3cm.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify the method that the making of pollution soil adds core material of construction block, the making of material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted soil (2) core.With selected solidifying agent in the ratio of design with to pollute native mix even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.Solidify to pollute soil (2) and should have certain intensity and make it can the demoulding, must guarantee that the pollutent of discharging with hole liquid enters simultaneously can make behind mortar or the concrete outsourcing material (1) mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) satisfy the requirement of performance requriements and environmental protection standard in follow-up pressure process the pollutent leaching index that adds core material of construction block.The planar dimension that the planar dimension of mould A pollutes soil (2) core according to the curing of design is determined.The height of mould A is determined according to the object height after solidifying the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of polluting soil (2) and solidifying (2) the core extrusion forming of pollution soil.
In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.
In the 3rd step, spreading one deck mortar or concrete according to the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size; Curing pollution soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify to pollute between soil (2) block and solidify to pollute at each and fill mortar or concrete between soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer; The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in the mould B or the coagulate layer thickness palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds after by extrusion forming and solidifies the height (height of mould A) that pollutes soil (2) core and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and determine.Mould B bottom surface is provided with water vent, solidify in the time of must guaranteeing to discharge extrusion forming and pollute the water of extruding in the core material (2), but mortar or concrete can not spill from water vent.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, and the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load pollute soil (2) core and (solidify the water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating, the permeability coefficient that pollute soil (2) as the mortar and the concrete physical properties of outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3) according to solidifying; The grain composition of mortar and concrete water-cement ratio, aggregate) and the extrusion forming after fixing target strength polluting soil (2) core and add core material of construction block determine the demoulding after the moulding.
In the 5th step, the block of extrusion forming is adopted common maintenance, vapor cure or steam press maintenance by the curing requirements of existing known cement concrete plastics products for building.Described common curing condition is 15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%; Described atmospheric steam curing condition is that normal pressure, vapor temperature are higher than 100 ℃; Described autoclave curing condition is that vapor temperature is higher than 176 ℃, and pressure is 0.8～1.5MPa.
The invention provides a kind of the utilization and solidify to pollute soil and make the method that adds core material of construction block, the building block that can be used to make brick material such as floor tile, decorative block, curb brick, shore protection brick and build structures such as pond, retaining wall, chimney, enclosure wall, industrial raw material warehouse by laying bricks or stones.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make floor tile, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 2, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
The mud that sewage work produces: 72%; Mud plasticity index 18.5, water ratio 82.2%, void ratio 2.23;
Solidifying agent: 6%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 6%; Flyash 2.5%; Tai-Ace S 150: 1%; Calcium chloride: 0.5%.
Ordinary Portland cement mortar: 22%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 3%; Sand: 19%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.The mud mix of solidifying agent and sewage work's generation is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 6 days (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 70%).The plane of mould A is the regular hexagon of length of side 22cm, highly is 18cm.
In second step, make sand-cement slurry.The ordinary Portland cement, sand that will be used to make sand-cement slurry mixes and stirs.
In the 3rd step, the sand-cement slurry that a layer thickness is 1.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The design attitude that the soil block body is placed on this screed is polluted in the curing that the first step is made; Fill mortar between soil and template and spread the mortar that a layer thickness is 1.5cm on top solidify polluting.The plane of mould B is the regular hexagon of length of side 24cm, and thickness is 21cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 1KN/s, reach the lasting 3min aftershaping of 500KN until pressure and finish.It is 6cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material thickness, and adding core floor tile total thickness is 8cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out curing room through common maintenance (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%) 7d strength grade after reaching MU3.5;
In the 6th step, the block after the maintenance is carried out painted processing finished product dispatch from the factory.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the curb brick, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 3, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Red mud mine tailing: 74%; Red mud mine tailing plasticity index 8.5, water ratio 40%, void ratio 1.21
Solidifying agent: 4%; Wherein, Portland blast: 3%; Gypsum: 0.8%; Sodium sulfate: 0.2%.
Regeneration aggregate fibrous concrete: 22%; Wherein, Portland blast: 4%; Recycled fine aggregate: 4.5%; Regenerated coarse aggregate: 11.5%; Steel fiber: 0.5%; Water: 1.5%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.Solidifying agent and red mud mine tailing mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance (30 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 85%) demoulding after 3 days.Solidifying planeform and the size of polluting the core material among the planeform of mould A and size such as Fig. 4, highly is 130cm.
In second step, make regenerated aggregate concrete.Portland blast, recycled fine aggregate, regenerated coarse aggregate, steel fiber and the water that will be used to make outsourcing material and interior partition wall mix and stirs makes regenerated aggregate concrete.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 6cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing that the first step is made is polluted the soil block body and is placed on design attitude on this concrete layer; Pollute between soil and template fill concrete and spread the concrete that a layer thickness is 6cm on top solidify polluting between the soil block body and solidify.The outer contour shape and the size of the planeform of mould B and size curb brick as shown in Figure 4 highly are 142cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.5KN/s, reach the lasting 1.5min aftershaping of 130KN until pressure and finish.It is 66cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material height, and adding core floor tile total height is 75cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming reaches C through vapor cure (135 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 5d folding strength grade
f3.0 after shift out the curing room finished product and dispatch from the factory;
Embodiment 3:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make the shore protection brick, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 4, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Waste drilling mud: 72%; Mud plasticity index 13.3, water ratio 35%, void ratio 0.95
Solidifying agent: 5%; Wherein, aluminate cement: 2.5%; Slag: 1.5%; Arteries and veins urea formaldehyde: 0.5%; Caustic soda: 0.5%.
Portland fly ash cement polymer concrete 13%; Wherein, Portland fly ash cement 3%, vinylbenzene: 0.5%; Fine aggregate: 3%; Coarse aggregate: 5.5%; Water: 1%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.Solidifying agent and waste drilling mud mix is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance (40 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 95%) demoulding after 4 days.The plane of mould A highly is 18cm for the rectangle of length * wide=18.5cm * 11cm.
In second step, make the cement polymer concrete.Portland fly ash cement, vinylbenzene, coarse-fine aggregate and the water that will be used to make outsourcing material and interior partition wall mix and stirs makes concrete.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 2cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The curing that the first step is made is polluted the soil block body and is placed on design attitude on this concrete layer; Pollute between soil and template fill concrete and spread the concrete that a layer thickness is 3.5cm on top solidify polluting between the soil block body and solidify.The plane of mould B is the rectangle of length * wide=40cm * 25cm, and thickness is 23.5cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.9KN/s, reach the lasting 2.5min aftershaping of 450KN until pressure and finish.It is 10cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material height, and riverbank shore protection brick total height is 13cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after autoclaving (200 ℃ of vapor temperatures, pressure 1.2MPa) 2d strength grade reaches MU10;
Embodiment 4:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make building block and be used to build by laying bricks or stones the pond, its front elevation view as shown in Figure 5, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Industrial pollution soil: 60%; Pollute native plasticity index 11, water ratio 25%, void ratio 0.85
Solidifying agent: 7%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 4.5%; Calcining coal gangue: 1%; Phosphogypsum: 0.5%; General calcium: 0.5%.
Portland blast mortar 33%; Wherein, Portland blast: 4.5%, sand: 27%; Water: 1.5%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.Solidifying agent and industrial pollution soil mix is even, put into mould A1 and A2 respectively and evenly tamp the back direct demold.The plane of mould A1 highly is 27cm for the rectangle of length * wide=37cm * 4cm; The plane of mould A2 highly is 27cm for the rectangle of length * wide=25cm * 7cm.
In second step, make the Portland blast mortar.Portland blast, sand and the water that will be used to make outsourcing material and interior partition wall mix and stirs makes mortar.
In the 3rd step, the design attitude of pressing in mould B among Fig. 6 is laid carbon cloth; Spread the mortar that a layer thickness is 2cm in the bottom surface of mould B; The curing that the first step is made is polluted the soil block body and is placed on design attitude on this screed, fills mortar between soil and template and spreads the mortar that a layer thickness is 2cm on top solidifying to pollute between the soil block body and solidify to pollute.The plane of mould B is " worker " font, and the outer profile size of composite architectural materials block among planar dimension such as Fig. 6, the height of mould B are 31cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.9KN/s, reach the lasting 1min aftershaping of 450KN until pressure and finish.It is 16cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material thickness, and the building block total thickness is 19cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after vapor cure (125 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 5d strength grade reaches MU7.5.
Embodiment 5:
The core block of building material body that adds that adopts method provided by the invention to make is used to build by laying bricks or stones retaining wall, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 6, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
The mud that sewage work produces: 82%; Mud plasticity index 15.5, water ratio 78%, void ratio 2.12.
Solidifying agent: 8%; Wherein, aluminosulfate cement: 3.5%; Zeolite powder: 1%; Sal epsom: 0.5%.
Ordinary Portland cement concrete: 10%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement: 2%; Fine aggregate: 2%; Coarse aggregate: 5.5%, water: 0.5%
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.The mud mix of solidifying agent and sewage work's generation is even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 5 days (25 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%).Solidifying planeform and the size of polluting the core material among the planeform of mould A and size such as Fig. 7, highly is 50cm.
In second step, make the ordinary Portland cement concrete.To be used to make the ordinary Portland cement, coarse-fine aggregate of outsourcing material and interior partition wall and water mixes and stirs.
In the 3rd step, the concrete that a layer thickness is 1.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The design attitude that the soil block body is placed on this screed is polluted in the curing that the first step is made; Solidify to pollute between soil and template fill concrete and spreading the concrete that a layer thickness is 1.5cm on top.The planeform of mould B and be of a size of the shape and size that add the external profile of core block of building material shown in Fig. 7 highly is 36cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.3KN/s, reach the lasting 3min aftershaping of 225KN until pressure and finish.It is 17cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material height, and the building block total height is 19cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out the curing room finished product and dispatches from the factory after vapor cure (115 ℃ of normal pressure, vapor temperatures) 4d strength grade reaches MU5.0.
Embodiment 6:
Adopt method provided by the invention to make decorative block, its orthographic plan as shown in Figure 7, mass percent and production technique that its various starting material components are shared are:
The shared mass percent of various starting material components is as follows:
Waste drilling mud: 74%; Mud plasticity index 14.5, water ratio 45%, void ratio 1.5
Solidifying agent: 10%; Wherein, Calucium Silicate powder breeze: 4%; Calcium aluminate breeze: 1%; Desulfurated plaster: 1.5%; Tai-Ace S 150: 0.3%; Ferric sulfate: 0.2%.
Ordinary Portland cement mortar 16%; Wherein, ordinary Portland cement 3%; Sand: 12%; Water: 1%.
Its production technique is carried out as follows:
The first step is made to solidify and is polluted the core material.Solidifying agent and waste drilling mud mix is even, put into mould A1 and A2 and evenly tamp, common maintenance demoulding after 4 days (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 70%).The plane of mould A1 is the square of length of side 14.1cm, and the plane of mould A2 is the shape that the core material is polluted in the curing shown in 2 among Fig. 8, highly is 14cm.
In second step, make cement polymer mortar.To be used to make the ordinary Portland cement, sand of cement polymer mortar and water mixes and stirs.
In the 3rd step, the sand-cement slurry that a layer thickness is 1.5cm is spread in the bottom surface in mould B; The design attitude that the soil block body is placed on this screed is polluted in the curing that the first step is made; Fill mortar between soil and template and spread the mortar that a layer thickness is 1.5cm on top solidify polluting.The planeform of mould B and be of a size of the shape and size that add the external profile of core block of building material shown in Fig. 8 highly is 17cm.
The 4th step, extrusion forming.According to the compression rate extrusion forming of 0.5KN/s, reach the lasting 1.5min aftershaping of 250KN until pressure and finish.It is 6.5cm that the extrusion forming after fixing pollutes core material thickness, and adding core decorative block total thickness is 8.5cm.
In the 5th step, the core material of construction block that adds after the extrusion forming shifts out curing room through common maintenance (20 ℃ of curing temperatures, relative humidity 90%) 6d intensity after reaching MU3.5;
In the 6th step, the block after the maintenance is carried out painted processing finished product dispatch from the factory.
Claims (9)
- One kind solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: constitute the outsourcing material (1) that adds core material of construction block and the interior partition wall (3) of outsourcing material (1) internal space by mortar or concrete, in the inner space of separating of outsourcing material (1), fill to solidify and pollute soil (2), be made through extrusion forming and maintenance by interior partition wall (3).
- 2. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described curing pollution soil (2) is meant will be even with the native mix of pollution by the solidifying agent of design metering, through solidifying agent and pollute a series of physical-chemical reactions between soil, have certain intensity and will pollute hazardous and noxious substances in the soil and fix and reduce or eliminate the hardenite of its hazardous and noxious substances with the water leaching thereby form.The described soil that pollutes is the soil body that contains hazardous and noxious substances that industrial production or daily life produce, the contaminated soil body, rivers and lakes desilting sludge discharged in the discarded slurry that produces in the mine tailing mud that includes but not limited to produce in sludge produced by sewage treatment, the ore extraction process, the Process of Oil Well Drilling, the mud that discharge in the paper mill, the Industrial processes.
- 3. be silicate cement, aluminate cement, aluminosulfate cement, lime, gypsum, contain SO according to claim 1 and the described solidifying agent of claim 2 3Industrial residue (phosphogypsum, desulfurated plaster), active mineral admixture, aluminate or silico-aluminate breeze and chemical adulterating agent in a kind of or combine by different ratios by wherein several.Active mineral admixture wherein is the natural or artificial material powder that contains active silica and active oxidation aluminium component, includes but not limited to slag, flyash, calcining coal gangue, slag, zeolite.Chemical adulterating agent wherein is for reaching the chemical agent of good solidification effect admixture at the pollution of different sources and chemical constitution soil.Adopt Tai-Ace S 150, calcium chloride, naphthalene water reducer, sal epsom for its chemical adulterating agent of sludge produced by sewage treatment; Adopt monoammonium phosphate, sodium sulfate for its chemical adulterating agent of the mine tailing mud that produces in the ore extraction process; Its chemical adulterating agent of the discarded slurry that produces in the Process of Oil Well Drilling adopts aluminum chloride, iron(ic) chloride, Tai-Ace S 150, ferric sulfate, arteries and veins urea formaldehyde, caustic soda; Adopt phosphoric acid salt, general calcium for its chemical adulterating agent of pollution soil that contains heavy metals such as lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc.The volume of described solidifying agent adds the target strength and the toxic substance leaching figureofmerit of core material of construction block after according to physico-mechanical properties, chemical property and the curing of polluting soil and extrusion forming and determines.
- 4. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described mortar and concrete as external packaging material material of block of building material (1) and interior partition wall (3), its material is formed and proportioning adopts existing known various mortars and concrete material to form and proportioning, include but not limited to that conventional cement mortar and concrete, cement polymer mortar and concrete, alkali excite gelling material mortar and concrete, regeneration aggregate mortar and concrete.Its used coarse aggregate size is less than 1cm.
- 5. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: add the tension strongthener in described outsourcing material (1) and the interior partition wall (3), the tension strongthener is the successive fiber yarn of the short chopping of fiber that distributes of non-directional, directional profile, fabric, the reinforcing bar that is formed by fibrage or the muscle material of being made by fiber.
- 6. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute that soil and mortar or concrete constitutes add core material of construction block, the shared mass percent of wherein various starting material components is: pollute native: 60～82%; Solidifying agent: 4～10%; Mortar or concrete: 10～33%.
- 7. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: this adds core material of construction block and solidifies the geometrical shape of polluting the projection of soil (2) core on horizontal plane, positive facade and side elevation is the geometrical shape of any known, includes but not limited to rectangle, trilateral, pentagon, hexagon, trapezoidal, X-shaped, fan-shaped; Distance any 2 in the projection is not more than 100cm.
- 8. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: described mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) thickness that adds core material of construction block is 1～5cm, the quantity of the interior separated by spaces of its outsourcing material (1) is no more than 10, and interior partition wall (3) thickness is 1cm～3cm.
- 9. according to claim 1 a kind of solidify pollute soil and mortar or concrete formation add core material of construction block, it is characterized in that: the described making that adds core material of construction block is carried out according to the following steps:The first step is made to solidify and is polluted soil (2) core.With selected solidifying agent in the ratio of design with to pollute native mix even, put into mould A and evenly tamp, through common maintenance (15 ℃～40 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 60%～100%) demoulding or without the maintenance direct demold after 1～10 day.The planar dimension that the planar dimension of mould A pollutes soil (2) core according to the curing of design is determined.The height of mould A is determined according to the object height after solidifying the physical properties (water ratio, void ratio, soil particle grating) of polluting soil (2) and solidifying (2) the core extrusion forming of pollution soil.In second step, make mortar or concrete as outsourcing material (1) and interior partition wall (3).Adopting existing known method to form with proportioning by selected mortar or concrete material makes.The 3rd step is at mortar or the concrete made according to second step of shop, the bottom surface in the mould B that adds the making of core block of building material body profile size one deck; Curing pollution soil (2) block that the first step is made is placed on this mortar or the concrete layer, is spaced by design; Solidify to pollute between soil (2) block and solidify to pollute at each and fill mortar or concrete between soil (2) and template and at top shop one deck mortar or concrete layer.The thickness requirement of partition wall (3) in mortar that can meet design requirement after each mortar of filling in mould B or the coagulate layer thickness palpus assurance extrusion forming or concrete outsourcing material (1) reach.Make mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1) and in adopt according to design requirements in the process of partition wall (3) and have known method now the tension strongthener is set.The height of mould B adds after by extrusion forming and solidifies the height (height of mould A) that pollutes soil (2) core and mortar or concrete physical properties (grain composition of water-cement ratio, aggregate) before the object height, extrusion forming of core material of construction block and determine.The 4th step, extrusion forming.The extrusion forming method adopts existing known method, and the compression rate of extrusion forming and final load (solidify water ratio, void ratio, permeability coefficient, the soil particle grating of polluting soil (2) according to solidifying the physical properties of polluting soil (2) core and mortar or concrete outsourcing material (1); The grain composition of mortar and concrete water-cement ratio, aggregate) determines.The demoulding after the moulding.The 5th step, with the block after the extrusion forming by the curing requirements of cement concrete plastics products for building adopt existing known common maintenance, vapor cure or autoclave curing mode to carry out maintenance.
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