CN103299952A - Fattening technology for producing snowflake beef by using Yunnan cattle - Google Patents
Fattening technology for producing snowflake beef by using Yunnan cattle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299952A CN103299952A CN2012100646132A CN201210064613A CN103299952A CN 103299952 A CN103299952 A CN 103299952A CN 2012100646132 A CN2012100646132 A CN 2012100646132A CN 201210064613 A CN201210064613 A CN 201210064613A CN 103299952 A CN103299952 A CN 103299952A
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Abstract
The fattening technology belongs to animal husbandry science of agricultural science and technology. Yunnan cattle, namely weaning bullock or cow, with the weight of 110 plus or minus 20 kg and the age of 7 months are fed with the fattening purpose according to fattening procedures; the cattle selection includes the steps that (1) according to the selection of gender and age, bullock and cow are available, the bull is castrated before the age of 3 months, and the bullock or cow can be subjected to the fattening procedure after weaning at the age of 7 months; (2) according to the figure and appearance selection, healthy cattle with rectangular figure, deep chest, wide rear quarter, big vivid eyes, thick eyelids, firm hoof quality and short and thick neck are selected; the first fattening stage is from the age of 7 months to 13 months and includes the rapid growth of bones and muscles; the second fattening stage is from the age of 14 months to 18 months and is the stereoscopic growth stage, including the rapid growth of eye muscle area, and the fat growth of abdominal cavity needs to be restrained to the maximum extent; the third fattening stage is from the age of 19 months to 24 months and requires feeding high-energy feed, the fourth fattening stage is from the age of 25 months to slaughter, the fourth fattening stage is the embellishing period of the snowflake beef production, the beef moisture and fat color need to be adjusted, and meanwhile, concentrated feed is supplemented.
Description
Technical field
This technology belongs to agricultural science and technology class herding science.
Background technology
Snowflake beef refers to fat deposition between the meat fiber, is spot distribution and fine and close evenly forms significantly redly, alternate in vain, is similar to the beef of snowflake sedimentation.Snowflake beef is that the intramuscular fat deposition degree reaches top beef, fresh and tender succulence, and mouthfeel is excellent, and is nutritious, and this is that common beef is incomparable, belongs to top grade beef.Snowflake beef has nutritive peculiarities such as low cholesterol, high omega acid, the fatty acid that contains a large amount of needed by human body, and increasing along with fat content in the beef, content of cholesterol has descended on the contrary, 1kg snowflake beef only is equivalent to the cholesterol level that the yolk of an egg contains, and is very beneficial for health.
China beef cattle lacks specific breed, and it is very big to cause China's beef class to promote difficulty, and most of beef belong to low and middle-grade times, and the output of high-quality beef and high-grade snowflake beef is less, high-grade snowflake beef proportion less than 0.1%.Along with the rise of domestic travel industry, many tourist attractions are to beef, and particularly the demand of high-grade snowflake beef grows with each passing day, and product is shortage very.All to take out the large quantities of high-grade snowflake beef of a large amount of foreign exchange imports national every year.High-grade snowflake beef proportion in beef production is the important indicator of weighing a national beef cattle production level always, producing high-grade snowflake beef also is the important channel that increases the beef cattle culture benefit, and the high-grade snowflake beef of China main dependence on import also, and price is very expensive.Therefore, research and develop high-grade snowflake beef, increase the culturing economic benefit, developing of lifting and quickening beef cattle industries improves beef produce market supply guarantee ability and competitiveness in the international market, all has very important meaning.
Producing snowflake beef, at first is the ox kind.Fattening technology pattern under specific ox kind or the corss combination system determines quality and the class of beef, also determines the tiers in market of beef simultaneously.Domesticly can produce the of less types of snowflake beef, and quantity is few, main rely on introduce Japan " and ox ", " Angus " waited with some Chinese Cattle and hybridizes.For example, " Xue Longheiniu " is exactly the kind of Chinese Cattle and " and ox " hybridization.The potentiality that the research and development Yunnan Yellow Cattle is produced snowflake beef will increase beef breed and quantity that China's snowflake beef is produced undoubtedly.The present invention on the basis of Yunnan Yellow Cattle hereditary capacity, by to feeding manner, nutrition regulation, feed preparation, fatten research such as means, invented the fattening technology that a kind of Yunnan Yellow Cattle is produced snowflake beef.
Summary of the invention
Selective body focuses on the 7 monthly ages wean bullock of 110 ± 20kg or the Yunnan Yellow Cattle of cow, fattens nursing according to the following program of fattening:
1, ox is only selected
(1) sex and age are selected
Bullock, cow all can.3 monthly ages of bull castrated in the past, entered the program of fattening after bullock or the wean of 7 monthly ages of cow.
(2) bodily form and appearance are selected
The bodily form is rectangle, chest depth, rear quarters are broad, eye has god greatly, the eye face is thick, hard hooves, the short and thick healthy ox of neck.
2, this stage is the mushroom stage of skeletal muscle in order to fatten the phase I 7-13 monthly age.Require to replenish crude protein 18% in the fine fodder, calcium 0.9%, phosphorus 0.7%, vitamin D
3600IU/kg, aureomycin 30g/t.Digestible protein 10.5% in the daily ration, TDN (TDN) 72%.Roughage be dark green sugarcane slightly or dark green maize straw, or the ensiling slightly of high-quality sugarcane, corn silage, roughage free choice feeding.Replenish the equal 2.0kg of fine fodder sun.
3, the 14-18 monthly age is the three-dimensional growth stage that eye muscle area is grown fast for fattening second stage, should suppress the abdominal cavity fat growth to greatest extent, requires to replenish crude protein 16% in the fine fodder, calcium 0.6%, phosphorus 0.4%, sodium bicarbonate 0.3-0.5%.Digestible protein 8% in the daily ration, and TDN (TDN) reaches 74%.Roughage be dark green sugarcane slightly or dark green maize straw, or the ensiling slightly of high-quality sugarcane, corn silage, roughage free choice feeding.Replenish the equal 4.0kg of fine fodder sun.
4, the 19-24 monthly age requires to give high-octane feed for fattening the phase III, replenishes crude protein 13% in the fine fodder, calcium 0.5%, and phosphorus 0.3%, sodium bicarbonate 0.5%, dehydroretinol 500IU/kg, vitamin C 100mg/kg is no more than 5% when adding palm oil, and general 3%.Digestible protein 7-8% in the daily ration, TDN (TDN) 75%.Roughage is dry rice straw, the equal 1kg of sun.Replenish the fine fodder free choice feeding.
5,25 the monthly age-butcher to fattening the quadravalence section, this stage is between the modification of snowflake beef production, need adjust beef moisture and fatty color, require to replenish barley 65% in the fine fodder, crude protein 12%, calcium 0.6%, phosphorus 0.4%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, dehydroretinol 500IU/kg, vitamin C 100mg/kg.Digestible protein 8% in the daily ration, and TDN (TDN) reaches more than 76%.Roughage is dry rice straw, the equal 1kg of sun.Replenish the fine fodder free choice feeding.
6, full phase salt 0.5%, coban 30g, main trace element is pressed 1.2 times of interpolations of NRC standard.Premix 2% is carrier with the stone flour.In the dish dregs of rice 8%, in the cotton dregs 5%.19 monthly ages were added VA later, and the control of blood VA concentration at 80-100ug/100ml, is replenished the anti-kidney stone of Vc.
7, marketing time: feed intake obviously descends, the degree of fattening reach back of the body waist wide flat, the bone tubercle is not obvious, scrotum is full, is full of fat, the side of body sets about to grab that fat thickness is big, seat stretches to two thighs, body weight reaches 400kg and can deliver for sale when above.
Embodiment
(1) fattens preceding preparation
Quarantine: the Niu Jinhang that selects for use was isolated and observation in 10～15 days.Observe health status, carry out sick quarantine such as brucellosis, tuberculosis; Sick ox is eliminated.
Stomach invigorating and expelling parasite: to finished cattle chlorophos 1g/100kg body weight, disposable gavaging carried out expelling parasite.After the expelling parasite 3 days, gavage digestive powder, 500g/ is each, every day 1 time, serve on 2～3 days.
The numbering with hive off: number available ear tag or other mode marks, so as the record and the management.Rationally hive off according to body weight, age, make the difference of every group of oxen reach minimum.Adopt the groupuscule hurdle to support mode, stocking density is 7-9m
2/ head.
(2) feeding and management
1, by health and epidemic prevention system and vaccine program, the enforcement health measure is only stopped cattle disease infringement, deadly ox and eqpidemic disease is propagated inside.
2, heatstroke prevention in summer, winter protection in winter among the temperature environment that the suitable growth that makes ox can only live in 15 ℃～25 ℃ is grown, are grown fast.
3, in time clean ox bed, manger, tank except excrement, cleaning everyday.
4, forage will prescind, examine only, is strictly on guard against foreign substance pollution (no iron nail, plastics etc.).
5, brush examination everyday guarantees that Niu Tigan is clean.
6, freely drink water, water quality totally cleans.
(3) feed and hello amount
Press fattening stage and divide, adjust feed and prescription in good time.The concentrated feed amount reached regulation and feeds amount from less to more in 7-10 days.Roughage can not be changed easily, and is must 7-10 days during replacing excessive.Fattened for first and second stages, the roughage free choice feeding, concentrated feed quantitatively limits, and the third and fourth stage concentrated feed free choice feeding is taked the feeding method of coarse fodder behind the first fine fodder, day feeds 3～4 times.
(4) deliver for sale in good time
When reaching, the degree of fattening delivers for sale when delivering standard for sale in good time.
Claims (2)
1. Yunnan Yellow Cattle is produced the requirement of snowflake beef fattening technology, press fattening stage and divide, adjust feed and prescription in good time, the concentrated feed amount from less to more, reached the regulation amount of feeding in 7-10 days, roughage can not be changed easily, and is must 7-10 days during replacing excessive, fattened for first and second stages, the roughage free choice feeding, concentrated feed quantitatively limits, the third and fourth stage concentrated feed free choice feeding, take the feeding method of coarse fodder behind the first fine fodder, day feed 3～4 times.
2. to concrete quantizating index and the practice standard of the method for selecting ox, selective body focuses on the 7 monthly ages wean bullock of 110 ± 20kg or the Yunnan Yellow Cattle of cow, ox only select bullock, cow all can, 3 monthly ages of bull castrated in the past, entered the program of fattening after the wean of bullock or 7 monthly ages of cow; The bodily form and appearance are selected, and the bodily form is rectangle, chest depth, rear quarters are broad, eye has god greatly, the eye face is thick, hard hooves, the short and thick healthy ox of neck.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104222692A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2014-12-24 | 广西广联饲料有限公司 | Cow feed and production method thereof |
| CN104322447A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-04 | 科尔沁牛业南阳有限公司 | Breeding method for marbled beef cattle |
| CN105104303A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 罗平县恒鑫牧业有限公司 | Staged beef cattle breeding method |
| CN105393981A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | South high moisture and hot region beef cattle rapid fattening culture method |
| CN105475639A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 贵州梵净山农业高科技股份有限公司 | Ration for feeding beef cattle for producing snowflake beef and concentrate supplement formula |
| CN105475222A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 贵州梵净山农业高科技股份有限公司 | Method for fattening Sinan cattle used for producing snowflake beef |
| CN105532578A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 云南海潮集团听牧肉牛产业股份有限公司 | Beef cattle fattening method and beef acid discharging method |
| CN105594656A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Fattening method capable of producing snowflake meat of yaks and dzos |
| CN106035213A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-10-26 | 刘华武 | Fattening feeding method for adult high mountain cattle |
| CN106508796A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 河北农业大学 | Fattening method for producing figured beef milk bulls |
| CN106508788A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-22 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Four-section linear fattening feed technology for producing snowflake beef |
| CN106614322A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 关岭黔顺种养殖农民专业合作社 | Method of fattening cattle |
| CN107047448A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-08-18 | 柳州市香柳苗木种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Luxi Yellow cattle |
| CN107683820A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-02-13 | 安徽科氏丛林有机农业有限公司 | A kind of Dabieshan Yellow Cattle later stage concentrates fattening method |
| CN108207777A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 云南三江并流农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fattening technology method of Yunling ox production snowflakes beef and application |
| CN113331136A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-03 | 关岭自治县关岭牛投资(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for feeding snowflake beef by using Guanling cattle |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104222692A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2014-12-24 | 广西广联饲料有限公司 | Cow feed and production method thereof |
| CN104322447A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-04 | 科尔沁牛业南阳有限公司 | Breeding method for marbled beef cattle |
| CN105475222B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2018-02-16 | 贵州梵净山农业高科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fattening method that snowflakes beef is produced using Sinan cattle |
| CN105475639A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 贵州梵净山农业高科技股份有限公司 | Ration for feeding beef cattle for producing snowflake beef and concentrate supplement formula |
| CN105475222A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 贵州梵净山农业高科技股份有限公司 | Method for fattening Sinan cattle used for producing snowflake beef |
| CN105104303A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 罗平县恒鑫牧业有限公司 | Staged beef cattle breeding method |
| CN105393981A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | South high moisture and hot region beef cattle rapid fattening culture method |
| CN105393981B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-10-23 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | The fast well-fattened cultural method of the high damp-heat area beef cattle in south |
| CN105594656A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Fattening method capable of producing snowflake meat of yaks and dzos |
| CN105532578A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 云南海潮集团听牧肉牛产业股份有限公司 | Beef cattle fattening method and beef acid discharging method |
| CN106035213A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-10-26 | 刘华武 | Fattening feeding method for adult high mountain cattle |
| CN106508788A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-22 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Four-section linear fattening feed technology for producing snowflake beef |
| CN106508796A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 河北农业大学 | Fattening method for producing figured beef milk bulls |
| CN106614322A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 关岭黔顺种养殖农民专业合作社 | Method of fattening cattle |
| CN107047448A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-08-18 | 柳州市香柳苗木种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Luxi Yellow cattle |
| CN108207777A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 云南三江并流农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fattening technology method of Yunling ox production snowflakes beef and application |
| CN107683820A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-02-13 | 安徽科氏丛林有机农业有限公司 | A kind of Dabieshan Yellow Cattle later stage concentrates fattening method |
| CN113331136A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-03 | 关岭自治县关岭牛投资(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for feeding snowflake beef by using Guanling cattle |
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Application publication date: 20130918 |