CN103296338A - Aluminum air fuel cell system - Google Patents
Aluminum air fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103296338A CN103296338A CN2013102447814A CN201310244781A CN103296338A CN 103296338 A CN103296338 A CN 103296338A CN 2013102447814 A CN2013102447814 A CN 2013102447814A CN 201310244781 A CN201310244781 A CN 201310244781A CN 103296338 A CN103296338 A CN 103296338A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum air fuel cell system, and particularly relates to the aluminum air fuel cell system with a temperature control system, a hydrogen discharging system and a filtration system and having a circulating electrolyte. The system includes an electrolyte tank, a cell stack and a ventilation system; also includes an electrolyte supplied system, an electrolyte return system, the hydrogen discharging system, a temperature measurement system, the filtration system and a heat dissipation system. The system can realize circulation of the electrolyte, effectively separates precipitation, controls a hydrogen content and an internal temperature of cells, meets requirements of high power output and long time running, and can be widely applied to the field of power cells for electric vehicles and large standby power supplies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium air-fuel battery system, relate to a kind of band temperature-controlling system, row's hydrogen system, filtration system specifically, the aluminium air-fuel battery system that electrolyte is capable of circulation.
Background technology
Metal air fuel cell be a kind of be positive pole with airborne oxygen, metal is negative pole, neutrality or alkaline electrolyte are medium, issue biochemical reaction in the effect of catalyst and produce a kind of chemical power source of electric energy.Wherein, metal is as anode, and oxidized dissolving discharges electronics in discharge process, and airborne oxygen is as cathode active material, in discharge process, enters inside battery and receives the electronics that the external circuit conduction comes and be reduced through diffusing through air electrode.Compare with other batteries, the unique distinction of metal-air cell is that wherein positive electrode active materials (oxygen) need not store and carries, and ready access upon use has increased the battery system energy density.
Development along with Modern Manufacturing Technology and material preparation process, the performance of air electrode is greatly improved, the power output of metal-air cell is multiplied, further expanded the application of metal-air cell, developed into for driving electric bicycle, electric automobile by original stand-by power supply field.
In metal-air cell, studying many at present is zinc-air cell, magnesium air cell, aluminum-air cell, iron-air cell and lithium-air battery, and electrolyte system can be neutral electrolyte, alkaline electrolyte or organic electrolyte.With respect to chloride neutral electrolyte and organic electrolyte system, alkaline electrolyte has higher conductivity, the more high power output of corresponding battery system, compare with neutral electrolyte, the cell output voltage height of alkaline electrolyte battery system, therefore, for the bigger field of demanded power output to use alkaline electrolyte.Alkaline electrolyte mainly is to adopt NaOH or potassium hydroxide solution.But in the alkaline electrolysis liquid system, also having this some problems that need solve, is example with alkaline aluminum-air cell, reaction below battery takes place in discharge process:
4Al+3O
2+6H
2O→4Al(OH)
3
In strongly basic medium, electrochemical reaction product A l (OH)
3Be soluble, react as follows:
4Al+3O
2+6H
2O+4NaOH→4Al(OH)
- 4+4Na
+
The state that progressively reaches capacity in solution is then separated out Al (OH) again
3Solid.
4Al (OH)
- 4+ 4Na
+→ 4Al (OH)
3(solid)+4NaOH
The aluminum hydroxide precipitation that this moment, reaction generated is the gibbsite of crystallization, and along with proceeding of reaction, these sediments will produce following adverse effect: the conductivity that 1. reduces electrolyte; 2. stop up electrolyte passage.Therefore, must isolate precipitation from electrolyte, cell reaction electrolyte is at the interface remained unchanged, stable reaction is carried out.
Except above-mentioned cell reaction, the metal-air cell anode also has a side reaction, is example with the aluminium anodes, reacts as follows:
2Al+6H
2O → 2Al (OH)
3+ 3H
2(gas)
This reaction can be separated out hydrogen, consumes aluminium, but does not produce electric energy, and energy is the form generation with heat, and the result can reduce the energy delivery efficiency of battery, and inside battery raises the temperature of electrolyte, the increase of electrolyte evaporation capacity along with the accumulation of heat.
For improving the range of application of metal-air cell, be more suitable in high-power, long playing field, as electric automobile power battery, large-scale stand-by power supply etc., need control the precipitation, hydrogen and the heat that produce in the battery operation process, so that the temperature of electrolyte, composition remain in the reasonable range, make that the power output of battery is stable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of band temperature-controlling system, row's hydrogen system, filtration system, the aluminium air-fuel battery system that electrolyte is capable of circulation, effective precipitation separation, the control hydrogen content, the internal temperature of control battery, satisfy high-power output, long playing needs, can be widely used in used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell or large-scale stand-by power supply field.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of aluminium air-fuel battery system comprises electrolyte case, battery pile and ventilating system; The electrolyte case is positioned at the below of battery pile, and ventilating system places the side in battery pile monomer gap; Also comprise liquid systems on the electrolyte, electrolyte return liquid system, row's hydrogen system, temp measuring system, filtration system and cooling system; Liquid systems is communicated with each monocell pipeline of the battery pile that is located thereon portion on the electrolyte; The electrolyte return liquid system is connected between battery pile and electrolyte case and with the two pipeline; Row's hydrogen system places on the electrolyte case; Temp measuring system is arranged in different parts and the electrolyte case of battery pile; Filtration system is installed on electrolyte case inside and is communicated with liquid systems on the electrolyte; Cooling system is connected between electrolyte return liquid system and electrolyte case and with the two pipeline.
The running of battery system: at first electrolyte all is stored in the electrolyte case, open the pump in the liquid systems on the electrolyte by signal of telecommunication control then, enter each monocell in the battery pile after the electrolyte buffer uniform distribution in battery pile, after each monocell was full of electrolyte, battery pile began power supply; After electrolyte flows through battery pile, enter the electrolyte case through the electrolyte return liquid system, pass through the electrolyte filtering system again, filter and remove the reaction solid product, realized stopping the circulation of electrolyte battery system if desired and externally to power by the battery pile of reinjecting of liquid systems on the electrolyte, liquid systems on the electrolyte is stopped or reverse drawing liquid, then the electrolyte in the battery pile is got back to the electrolyte case, and battery stops external power supply.When needing power supply, start liquid systems on the electrolyte, then battery system restores electricity again.
Circulate electrolyte flows in the described system, and its circulating path is followed successively by liquid systems on electrolyte case, filtration system, the electrolyte, battery pile, electrolyte return liquid system, cooling system, electrolyte case.
Liquid systems comprises buffer and pump on the described electrolyte; Described buffer is positioned at the battery pile below, and buffer inside is the liquid container of hollow, and bottom or side have electrolyte entrance, and top is communicated with each monocell pipeline of the battery pile that is located thereon portion by several electrolyte outlets; Its effect is that the electrolyte that will be drawn up by pump comes is evenly distributed to each monocell in the battery pile.Pipeline and connector are that resistant material constitutes, and are used for the transmission of electrolyte.Described pump is one-way pump or the two-way pump such as corrosion resistant centrifugal pump, membrane pump or plunger displacement pump of being opened or cutting out by signal of telecommunication control, and being used for will be through the electrolyte injection battery pile of electrolyte filtering system or with the electrolyte emptying of battery pile.
Switch by the pump of liquid systems and control valve on the control electrolyte can quit work and restarts battery.
Its concrete implementing method is: at first electrolyte is squeezed in the electrolyte buffer that places stack lower portion with pump, in buffer inside, the fluid pressure equalization, top at buffer, be assigned to the quantity of monocell in each battery pile as required, leave the outlet of respective numbers, each monocell is corresponding with an outlet.Electrolyte is at the equalization of pressure in each exit, rise uniformly along with the increase that pumps into electrolyte pressure at the inside of buffer liquid level, the battery pile on buffer top, as long as the diameter of its entrance is identical, under the condition of the height and position unanimity of overflowing, just can guarantee that the electrolyte content that enters each monomer within a certain period of time equates, thereby guarantee the electrochemistry uniformity of monocell, consistency.
Described electrolyte return liquid system comprises for the electrolyte that each monocell is flowed out and pooling together and with the electrolyte collector of its natural back flow to the electrolyte case, so require the position of electrolyte case to be lower than battery pile.
The battery pile that the monocell connection in series-parallel is formed later on can with last liquid systems in electrolyte buffer and the combination of the electrolyte collector in the return liquid system, assembly comprises the electrolyte entrance of electrolyte buffer, the electrolyte outlet that is connected with each monocell respectively, the electrolyte outlet of monocell passes the end face of electrolyte collector, after electrolyte compiles, flowed into the electrolyte entrance of electrolyte case through pipeline by outlet.
Described ventilating system comprises the axial flow blower by signal of telecommunication control switch.Axial flow blower is positioned over the side in battery pile monomer gap, its purpose is for guaranteeing air supply electrode required oxygen content in discharge process, for removing the unnecessary heat that produces in the battery discharge procedure, guarantee that battery pile be not higher than stable operation under 80 ℃ of conditions simultaneously.Its draft type can be that air blast also can be the air draft mode.The switch of ventilating system is controlled by the signal of telecommunication.
Because the aluminium electrode has the part self discharge in discharge process, and internal resistance of cell droop loss two parts energy loss, this two parts energy will can make battery electrolyte and battery pile temperature raise directly with the form release of heat, reduce the stable output of battery performance.Therefore, be provided with temp measuring system and cooling system.
Described temp measuring system comprises the different parts that is arranged in battery pile and the temperature sensor of electrolyte case.For detection of battery pile appearance temperature and electrolyte temperature, in order to start and close cooling system.
That described cooling system comprises is that condenser, control valve and its switch are just controlled by electrolyte case electrolyte inside temperature, be the radiator fan of condenser air blast heat radiation, and necessary connector and pipeline.When recording electrolyte temperature, temperature sensor is lower than set upper limit, then directly do not enter the electrolyte case by cooling system, be higher than set upper limit when temperature sensor records electrolyte temperature, then by the switch of control valve, behind radiating and cooling, enter the electrolyte case by cooling system.The switch of condenser radiator fan is just controlled by electrolyte case electrolyte inside temperature.
Temp measuring system and cooling system have been realized the function of temperature control jointly.
The electrolyte case is by resistant material such as ABS, nylon, PP, PE etc., and perhaps the above-mentioned different materials of metal shell liner is made, and is used for placing filtration system, electrolyte and solid separator, and has pipeline valve, is used for emptying electrolyte.
Described row's hydrogen system is positioned over the top of electrolyte case for detection of the amount of self-discharge of battery hydrogen partial generation, and by arranging the hydrogen fan to the outside row of electrolyte case hydrogen, reduce the risk of hydrogen gas accumulation, described row's hydrogen system comprises hydrogen gas sensor, row's hydrogen fan and hydrogen discharging pipe road; When hydrogen gas sensor detects hydrogen concentration greater than 4% the time, row's hydrogen fan is opened, and effluxes hydrogen by the hydrogen discharging pipe road to the electrolyte case.
Described filtration system is installed on electrolyte case inside, for separating of the solid that produces in the battery discharge procedure, reduce electrolyte in battery pile flow resistance and solid product to the influence of electrolytic conductivity.Filtration system mainly comprises the filter screen of inclined tube filter and some layers, flow back to the electrolyte of electrolyte case at first by the inclined tube filter from return liquid system, and then the filter screen in the different apertures of multilayer by inclined tube filter top, the aperture difference of each metafiltration net is attenuated successively by left-to-right.Generally between the 50-200 order, the second layer should be between the 200-1800 order to the filter screen of last one deck for the filter screen of ground floor.The efficient that its product filters can reach more than 60%.
In order to prevent that product from stopping up the pore of filter screen, filter screen adopts tilting mode, and included angle is generally comparatively suitable between the 30-70 degree.The inclined tube filter can adopt resistant materials such as ABS, PP, nylon, and filter cloth can adopt materials such as stainless steel, nylon.
Aluminum alloy anode is when exoelectrical reaction, its product initial stage is to be dissolved in the electrolyte, progressively in alkali lye, form the supersaturated solution of aluminium oxide, continuation and electrolyte flow along with reaction, progressively crystallization is separated out, temperature, flowing velocity in the sedimentation and filtration case all are lower than in the battery pile, so crystallization substantially all generates in the sedimentation and filtration case.Generally according to the speed difference of circulation timei, the sedimentary granularity of generation must be at 3-15 μ m.In addition, owing to foregoing reason, the aluminium electrode is alloy electrode, because alloy is in crystallization, in heat treatment, the operation of rolling, inevitable phenomenon such as all segregation dislocations, make electrode in the reaction consumes process, have the larger particles sediment to break away from electrode surface, enter in the solution, the premiere feature of filtration is exactly the influence of removing this type of product.
The material of filter screen is by alkaline-resisting associated materials preparation, as nickeliferous stainless steel material, nylon material etc.
In the bottom of sedimentation and filtration case, every lattice are equipped with the sediment storage area.Not by the product of screen pack, fall into the storage area of sedimentation and filtration case bottom owing to the reason of gravity.
By above-mentioned steps, whole sedimentation and filtration case, realize following function, when saturated solution process deposition filter, produce aluminum hydroxide precipitation, the crystal that new crystallization goes out is constantly grown up to certain size, these crystal grain break away from from electrolyte through filtering, precipitating, and the electrolyte after the filtration returns battery, continue chemical reaction takes place, finish up to cell reaction.
Again the charge mode of battery system is the mechanical type charge mode, after namely the metal anode of battery all exhausts, shifts out discharging product, changes electrolyte and metal anode again.
Simultaneously, can before the aluminium consumption of electrode be intact, can repeatedly activate, stop, can parking for a long time, not produce self discharge.Specific measures for implementation are as follows:
Use liquid on the pump on electrolyte in the liquid systems, when battery system did not use, after perhaps discharge finished, pump cut out, electrolyte refluxes automatically, enters the electrolyte case, after the liquid level in the battery pile descends, the electrolyte that constitutes battery has not had, and the electrochemical reaction of battery pack stops, and battery stops reaction.The electrolyte full consumption of electrode surface is intact in battery pile, the self discharge of battery has also stopped, battery pack can continue long storage time, use in order to continue next time, so repeatedly up to the rated capacity of battery pile discharge fully finish after, change aluminium electrode and electrolyte, battery restores next time to be used.
The manufacture method of monocell: monocell comprises a plastic casing, and the constituent material of this housing can be nylon, ABS engineering plastics, poly-Class C and material modified as PE etc.; Pre-buried air electrode before the both sides injection moulding of housing also can adopt bonding mode of later stage to be connected with battery container, realizes no leakage, and the air electrode edge has the plain conductor of welding to be connected with other monomers; Bottom margin at each monocell has electrolyte passage and inlet, on the top of monocell, the 2-10mm place, edge that is higher than air electrode is provided with liquid outlet, and electrolyte is overflowed by top after being full of battery container, get back to the sedimentation and filtration case, realize the circulation of electrolyte.
All adopt the pipeline of alkaline-resisting functional material preparation to connect being connected between monocell and electrolyte case, the buffer etc., as materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, ABS engineering plastics, nylon.
Each monocell leaves enough spaces, inserts metal anode, and anode passes with lead by the monocell loam cake and is connected.The circulation rate of electrolyte should be taken all factors into consideration in the gap of reserving, the filtration state that battery system uses, when if battery system is in long-time high-power use, then the product amount in the unit interval is big, need bigger flow of electrolyte, in time product is taken in the battery pile out of system's trouble-free operation; Otherwise, if when battery system is in little electric current long-play, then do not need to amplify the gap, can reduce the volume of battery pile, improve unit volume, the energy storage capacity of Unit Weight improves the overall efficiency of system.
No matter be at the salt battery or in alkaline battery, and even the fine aluminium rafifinal all can not be directly as the anode of battery.This is based on following two reasons: at first be that the metal surface is covered with fine and close layer oxide film, it causes the anode overpotential of aluminium to raise, and has reduced the voltage efficiency of anode, thereby has reduced the power output of battery; Secondly, also have in the strong base solution in containing corrosive ion solution, the solubility of aluminium is quite fast, produces a large amount of hydrogen, and this has caused the faradic efficiency of anode to reduce.As the fuel of aluminum-air cell, aluminium anodes will have high voltage and high current efficiency as far as possible.
In the present invention, as long as can satisfy the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned requirements, all can be used as the negative pole of this series products.For example business-like BDW alloy, RX-808 alloy etc.
Monocell is realized sealing by the loam cake fastening that has silicagel pad.Metal electrode passes the identical shaped cavity of reserving in the monocell loam cake, between the sealing gasket of an alkaline-resisting fluorubber of cushioning, by extruding, realize the sealing of outlet.On the cell cover edge, also be added with alkaline-resisting fluorubber pad, by the tightening device at cell cover two ends, compress the back and realize sealing.
Need leave the gap of 1-10mm between the monomer of composition battery pile, guarantee battery pack in use, enough Oxygen Flow be arranged through the surface of air electrode.The supply of oxygen both can be that the spontaneous current passband of air comes, and also can be to adopt the fan forced ventilation to bring, and during as the employing forced ventilation, the gap between the monocell can be reduced along with the increasing of ventilation quantity, dwindles the volume of integral battery door heap.
Several major spare part electrolyte casees of formation battery system, electrolyte buffer, filtration system, pipeline are by alkaline-resisting material, such as ABS engineering plastics, polytetrafluoro material, nylon, stainless steel and material modified as formations such as PE, the material requirement is alkaline-resisting, aging speed is slow.
Aluminium air-fuel battery of the present invention system has overcome the common drawback of such battery in the past, and have clear superiority: 1. the system of battery is sealing system; 2. battery system has added temperature control, filtration, row's hydrogen system, has improved stability and the reliability of battery, is more suitable in the electrokinetic cell system as electric automobile; 3. electrolyte is capable of circulation, and battery system can repeat opening and closing, can place for a long time and self discharge does not take place; 4. all parts of battery adopt mold production, and are uniform and stable reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is battery system schematic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of monocell among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the battery pack schematic diagram of band electrolyte buffer and electrolyte collector among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of electrolyte buffer among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is filtration system schematic diagram among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but is not limited to the content of present embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium air-fuel battery system as shown in Figure 1, comprises electrolyte case 5, battery pile 1 and ventilating system 8; Electrolyte case 5 is positioned at the below of battery pile 1, and ventilating system 8 places the side in battery pile monocell gap; Also comprise liquid systems 7 on the electrolyte, electrolyte return liquid system 2, row's hydrogen system 9, temp measuring system 4, filtration system 6 and cooling system 3; Liquid systems 7 is communicated with each monocell pipeline of the battery pile 1 that is located thereon portion on the electrolyte; Electrolyte return liquid system 2 is connected between battery pile 1 and electrolyte case 5 and with the two pipeline; Row's hydrogen system 9 places on the electrolyte case 5; Temp measuring system 4 is arranged in different parts and the electrolyte case 5 of battery pile 1; Filtration system 6 is installed on electrolyte case 5 inside and is communicated with liquid systems 7 on the electrolyte; Cooling system 3 is connected between electrolyte return liquid system 2 and electrolyte case 5 and with the two pipeline.
The running of battery system: at first electrolyte all is stored in the electrolyte case 5, open the pump in the liquid systems 7 on the electrolyte by signal of telecommunication control then, enter each monocell in the battery pile 1 after the electrolyte buffer uniform distribution in battery pile 1, after each monocell was full of electrolyte, battery pile 1 began power supply; After electrolyte flows through battery pile 1, enter electrolyte case 5 through electrolyte return liquid system 2, pass through filtration system 6 again, filter and remove the reaction solid product, realized stopping the circulation of electrolyte battery system if desired and externally power by reinject battery pile 1 of liquid systems on the electrolyte 7, liquid systems on the electrolyte 7 is stopped or reverse drawing liquid, then the electrolyte in the battery pile 1 is got back to electrolyte case 5, and battery stops external power supply.When needing power supply, start liquid systems 7 on the electrolyte, then battery system restores electricity again.
Circulate electrolyte flows in the described system, and its circulating path is followed successively by liquid systems 7, battery pile 1, electrolyte return liquid system 2, cooling system 3, electrolyte case 5 on electrolyte case 5, filtration system 6, the electrolyte.
Shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, liquid systems 7 comprises buffer 24 and pump on the described electrolyte; Described buffer 24 is positioned at battery pile 1 below, buffer 24 inside are the liquid container of hollow, lower side has electrolyte entrance 23, and top is communicated with inlet 15 pipelines of each monocell of the battery pile 1 that is located thereon portion by several electrolyte outlets 25.
Its concrete implementing method is: at first electrolyte is squeezed in the buffer 24 that places battery pile 1 bottom with pump, buffer 24 internal liquid equalization of pressure, top at buffer 24, be assigned to the quantity of monocell in the battery pile as required, leave the outlet of respective numbers, each monocell is corresponding with an outlet.Electrolyte is at the equalization of pressure in each exit, rise uniformly along with the increase that pumps into electrolyte pressure at the inside of buffer 24 liquid level, the battery pile on buffer 24 tops, as long as the diameter of its entrance is identical, under the condition of the height and position unanimity of overflowing, just can guarantee that the electrolyte content that enters each monomer within a certain period of time equates, thereby guarantee the electrochemistry uniformity of monocell, consistency.
Described electrolyte return liquid system 2 comprises for the electrolyte that each monocell is flowed out and pooling together and with the electrolyte collector of its natural back flow to the electrolyte case, so the position of electrolyte case 5 is lower than battery pile 1.
The battery pile that the monocell connection in series-parallel is formed later on and the buffer 24 in the last liquid systems and the combination of the electrolyte collector in the return liquid system, as shown in Figure 3, assembly comprises the electrolyte entrance 23 of buffer 24, the electrolyte outlet 25 that is connected with each monocell respectively, the electrolyte outlet 14 of monocell passes the end face of electrolyte collector, after electrolyte compiles, flowed into the electrolyte entrance 26 of electrolyte case as shown in Figure 5 through pipeline by outlet 22.
Described ventilating system 8 comprises the axial flow blower by signal of telecommunication control switch, is positioned over the side in battery pile monomer gap.
Described temp measuring system 4 comprises the different parts that is arranged in battery pile 1 and the temperature sensor 28 of electrolyte case 5.For detection of battery pile appearance temperature and electrolyte temperature, in order to start and close cooling system.
That described cooling system 3 comprises is that condenser, control valve and its switch are just controlled by electrolyte case electrolyte inside temperature, be the radiator fan of condenser air blast heat radiation, and necessary connector and pipeline.When recording electrolyte temperature, temperature sensor 28 is lower than set upper limit, then directly do not enter the electrolyte case by cooling system, be higher than set upper limit when temperature sensor 28 records electrolyte temperature, then by the switch of control valve, behind radiating and cooling, enter the electrolyte case by cooling system.The switch of condenser radiator fan is just controlled by electrolyte case electrolyte inside temperature.
The electrolyte case is made by the ABS material, is used for placing filtration system, electrolyte and solid separator, and has pipeline valve 27, is used for emptying electrolyte.
Described row's hydrogen system 9 is positioned over the top of electrolyte case 5 for detection of the amount of self-discharge of battery hydrogen partial generation, and by arranging the hydrogen fan to the outside row of electrolyte case hydrogen, reduce the risk of hydrogen gas accumulation, as shown in Figure 5, described row's hydrogen system comprises hydrogen gas sensor 32, row's hydrogen fan and hydrogen discharging pipe road (30,31); When hydrogen gas sensor detects hydrogen concentration greater than 4% the time, row's hydrogen fan is opened, and effluxes hydrogen by the hydrogen discharging pipe road to the electrolyte case.
Described filtration system 6 is installed on electrolyte case 5 inside, the filter screen 33 that mainly comprises inclined tube filter 29 and three layers, flow back to the electrolyte of electrolyte case at first by inclined tube filter 29 from return liquid system, and then the filter screen 33 in the different apertures of the multilayer by inclined tube filter 29 tops, the aperture difference of each metafiltration net is attenuated successively by left-to-right.The filter screen of ground floor is 100 orders, and second layer filter screen is 200 orders, and the 3rd metafiltration net is 1800 orders.
In order to prevent that product from stopping up the pore of filter screen 33, filter screen is made by alkaline-resisting nylon material, adopts tilting as shown in Figure 5 mode, and included angle is 50 degree.The inclined tube filter is the ABS resistant material, and filter cloth adopts stainless steel material.
Battery pile is made up of a plurality of monocell connection in series-parallel, comprise monocell and the device that is connected and fixed, each monocell is tape square box formula structure, as shown in Figure 2, air electrode 13 and border structure 12 by symmetry are formed a cavity, built-in metal positive plate 11, formation mainly contains: air electrode 13, inlet 15, liquid outlet 14, metal anode 11, cell cover 10, positive pole are drawn 18, location hole 17 are installed, the grid 16 of anode lug 19 and band projection is formed.Because the intensity of air electrode is little, is difficult for large-area preparation, therefore, for increasing the power output of battery, at each face of battery case the air electrode 13 of two parallel connections is arranged respectively, each face is drawn 18 by same positive pole and is derived, and two positive poles are drawn 18 welding backs as the positive pole of battery.Metal anode 11 is positioned over inside cavity, and and air electrode between leave the gap, be convenient to electrolyte flow.Battery container is inner near liquid outlet 14 positions, begun to extend to by battery case bottom and be lower than the electrolyte in place, air electrode upper edge and overflow the weir, this electrolyte overflows that the weir flushes with the metal anode upper edge or is high slightly, its effect is to guarantee can flood whole metal anode from the electrolyte that inlet flows into, from overflowing the weir, flow into liquid outlet 14 then.The two ends of cell cover 10 are buckle structure, are easy to sealing and the dismounting of cell cover, on the cell cover 10 square hole are arranged, and anode lug 19 passes from square hole.There is the grid 16 of band projection the air electrode outside, and the rising height on this grid is 1mm, is convenient to two support and formation air ducts between the battery container side by side, enough Oxygen Flow is arranged through the surface of air electrode.
The manufacture method of monocell: as shown in Figure 2, monocell comprises a plastic casing, and this housing is the ABS engineering plastics; Pre-buried air electrode before the both sides injection moulding of housing is realized no leakage, and the air electrode edge has the plain conductor of welding to be connected with other monocells; Bottom margin at each monocell has electrolyte passage and inlet, on the top of monocell, the 5mm place, edge that is higher than air electrode is provided with liquid outlet, and electrolyte is overflowed by top after being full of battery container, get back to the sedimentation and filtration case, realize the circulation of electrolyte.
All adopt alkaline-resisting ABS engineering plastics pipe to connect being connected between monocell and electrolyte case 5, the buffer 24 etc.
Each monocell leaves enough spaces, inserts metal anode, and anode passes with lead by the monocell loam cake and is connected.
Monocell is realized sealing by the loam cake fastening that has silicagel pad.As shown in Figure 2, metal electrode passes the identical shaped cavity of reserving in the monocell loam cake, between the sealing gasket of an alkaline-resisting fluorubber of cushioning, by extruding, realize the sealing of outlet.On the cell cover edge, also be added with alkaline-resisting fluorubber pad, by the tightening device at cell cover two ends, compress the back and realize sealing.
Leave the gap of 2mm between the monomer of composition battery pile, guarantee battery pack in use, enough Oxygen Flow are arranged through the surface of air electrode.
Claims (10)
1. an aluminium air-fuel battery system comprises electrolyte case, battery pile and ventilating system; The electrolyte case is positioned at the below of battery pile, and ventilating system places the side in battery pile monomer gap; It is characterized in that also comprising liquid systems on the electrolyte, electrolyte return liquid system, row's hydrogen system, temp measuring system, filtration system and cooling system; Liquid systems is communicated with each monocell pipeline of the battery pile that is located thereon portion on the electrolyte; The electrolyte return liquid system is connected between battery pile and electrolyte case and with the two pipeline; Row's hydrogen system places on the electrolyte case; Temp measuring system is arranged in different parts and the electrolyte case of battery pile; Filtration system is installed on electrolyte case inside and is communicated with liquid systems on the electrolyte; Cooling system is connected between electrolyte return liquid system and electrolyte case and with the two pipeline.
2. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that circulate electrolyte flows in the described system, its circulating path passes through liquid systems on electrolyte case, filtration system, the electrolyte, battery pile, electrolyte return liquid system, cooling system, electrolyte case successively.
3. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that liquid systems comprises buffer and pump on the described electrolyte; Described buffer is positioned at the battery pile below, and buffer inside is the liquid container of hollow, and bottom or side have electrolyte entrance, and top is communicated with each monocell pipeline of the battery pile that is located thereon portion by several electrolyte outlets; Described pump is corrosion resistant centrifugal pump, membrane pump or the plunger displacement pump of being opened or cutting out by signal of telecommunication control.
4. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described electrolyte return liquid system comprises for the electrolyte that each monocell is flowed out to pool together and with the electrolyte collector of its natural back flow to the electrolyte case.
5. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described ventilating system comprises the axial flow blower by signal of telecommunication control switch.
6. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that described cooling system comprise that condenser, control valve and its switch are just controlled by electrolyte case electrolyte inside temperature, be the radiator fan of condenser air blast heat radiation; When the electrolyte temperature in the electrolyte case was lower than set upper limit, the electrolyte that refluxes from battery pile did not then directly enter the electrolyte case by cooling system; When electrolyte temperature is higher than set upper limit, then by the switch of control valve, electrolyte enters the electrolyte case by the condenser in the cooling system behind radiating and cooling.
7. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described temp measuring system comprises the different parts that is arranged in battery pile and the temperature sensor of electrolyte case.
8. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described row's hydrogen system comprises hydrogen gas sensor, row's hydrogen fan and hydrogen discharging pipe road; When hydrogen gas sensor detects hydrogen concentration greater than 4% the time, row's hydrogen fan is opened, and effluxes hydrogen by the hydrogen discharging pipe road to the electrolyte case.
9. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described filtration system mainly comprises inclined tube filter and some metafiltration nets; The inclined tube filter bits is in the below of described some metafiltration nets; The ground floor filter screen is between the 50-200 order, and the second layer is between the 200-1800 order to the filter screen of last one deck.
10. aluminium air-fuel battery according to claim 1 system, the bottom margin that it is characterized in that each monocell in the described battery pile is provided with electrolyte passage and inlet, on the top of monocell, the 2-10mm place, edge that is higher than air electrode is provided with liquid outlet.
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