CN103290149B - Process for making goat upper leather - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a process for making goat upper leather. The process specifically comprises the following flows in sequence: soaking, fleshing, painting with lime, dehairing, liming, deliming, softening, pickling, tanning, blue rawhide lot grouping, wringing, shaving, re-tanning and dyeing, secondary wringing, vacuumizing, hang airing, water returning, vibrating staking, setting out, toggling, trimming, buffing and finishing. The process has the beneficial effects that proper and moderate liming aids are selected to promote the limed hide to swell moderately, so that the tear strength of the hide is improved, the growth lines and back lines of the rawhide are completely unfolded and the grain side is flat and fine, thus increasing the leather yield; and the location difference of the hide body is reduced, the plumpness of the whole hide is improved and the hide body can be moistened.

Description

Goat upper leather for shoes manufacture craft

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of goat upper leather for shoes manufacture craft.

Background technology:

China is the maximum footwear producing country in the whole world, export State and country of consumption, and it is the first quantitatively to occupy the whole world, but compared with making the country prosperous with the shoemaking such as Italian, French, the research and development of footwear material, product design, product performance and quality scale also exists very large gap.The quality scale of footwear is the comprehensive embodiment of product design, durability, snugness of fit, safety performance and ecological, environmental protective performance etc.

Upper leather is the starting material making shoes, is making the surface of shoes, and the raw material of upper leather is a lot, has corium upper leather, PU upper leather, PVC upper leather etc.Corium upper leather generally has ox-hide, sheepskin, pigskin, also has horse skin, snakeskin etc.The leather shoes with the high-grade goat upper leather processing that kishke feel, quality are soft, comfortable and easy to wear, sanitation performance is good are adopted more and more to be subject to the favor of consumers in general.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention aims to provide a kind of goat upper leather for shoes manufacture craft, makes the goat upper leather for shoes after processing more be suitable for the making of high-grade vamp.

Concrete technology flow process is followed successively by: immersion, fleshing, bag ash, depilation, liming, deliming, softening, pickling, tanning, blue skin batching, water squeezing, shaving, mix that dyeing, secondary water squeezing, vacuum, extension dry in the air again, backwater, soft, the stretching, extension of shaking, toggling, deburring, buffing, covering with paint;

Wherein, immersion: with domestic Han kou goat skui for material, with the water of 300 times of tare weights of 18-22 DEG C, immersion equipment rotating speed 3-4 rev/min; Time 18-22 hour; Add sanitas and Soaking, rotate 1 hour, stop 1 hour, often stop to rotate 5-10 minute in 1 hour later, total rotation time, at 3 hours, rotates 15 minutes before going out drum continuously;

Fleshing: remove subcutis with fleshing machine;

Bag ash: solution technical pure sodium sulphite being made into 15-50g/L adds lime furnishing 15-30Be ' paste, uniform application is on the flesh noodles returning to fresh hide state skin, and flesh to flesh is piled up to about 40cm height, stacks to hair root loosening at 18-22 DEG C;

Depilation: by hand in foreskin version or push away mao machine and carry out one by one pushing away hair to lose hair or feathers;

Liming: the design parameter of described liming is: adjust liquor ratio: 1:250; Interior temperature: 18-22 DEG C; Time: 18h; Material: lime putty consumption is 10% of tare weight, enzyme-added auxiliary liming agent consumption is the 0.5%-0.8% of tare weight; Operate as follows: throw skin and mix up liquor ratio and temperature, add lime putty and use the 35-45 DEG C of consoluet auxiliary liming agent of hot water stirs in advance, rotate 40 points, stop 1 hour, often stop 1 hour later, turn 5 minutes, total rotation time is 3 hours; Before terminating liming, rotate 20-30 continuously and divide; Clock;

Deliming: design parameter is: liquor ratio: 1:200; Interior temperature: 25 DEG C; Time: 40 minutes; Chemical materials: the grease-removing agent that the hydrochloric acid that the concentration that consumption is the ammonium sulfate of tare weight 1.5%, consumption is tare weight 0.5% is 36%, consumption are tare weight 0.5%; Step: mix up liquor ratio and Nei Wen, adds ammonium sulfate and grease-removing agent, turns 10 minutes, and then interval adds the cooled hydrochloric acid of dilution for 5 minutes at twice; Finally go out drum and check that cervical incision phenolphthalein indicator leaves 1/4 red heart as terminal;

Softening: concrete operations are as follows: liquor ratio: 1:100; Interior temperature: 36-37 DEG C; Time: 30 minutes-40 minutes; Chemical materials: by tare weight: ammonium sulfate 0.5%, pancreatin (25 times) 0.3%, 1398 proteolytic enzyme (50,000 units/g) 0.1%, penetrating agent JFC 0.3%; Mix up liquor ratio, interior temperature, add required material; Soften to PH=7.9-8.1;

Pickling: operate as follows: liquor ratio 1-100; Interior temperature: 18-22 DEG C; Time: 180 points; Chemical materials: formic acid (concentration 85%) 1.0%, sulfuric acid (concentration 96%) 0.5%, salt 7%; Mix up liquor ratio, interior temperature, with the water of 18-22 DEG C of sour weight 20 times formic acid and sulfuric acid diluted respectively and be cooled to normal temperature; First turn 5 minutes with salt, add formic acid and turn 30 points, slowly add sulfuric acid three times from drum axle sky point, every minor tick 10 minutes, then turn 30 minutes and stop 30 minutes, often stop within 30 minutes, to turn 5 minutes to checking that tetrabromo-mcresolsulfonphthalein cervical incision is entirely yellow later, solution PH is 2.7-2.9, proceeds to tanning processes

Tanning: have employed few bath chromic tanning, concrete operations are as follows: remove pickling liquid 1/2, add cationic surface oil and turn 30 minutes, add the chromium powder of tare weight 6%, low basicity B=33%, turn 120 minutes to surveying Ts>85, add 60 DEG C of 100 times of water turn 60 minutes to interior temperature be 38 DEG C, the sodium-acetate adding 1% turns 30 points, and the sodium bicarbonate of 1% is good by 20 times of water dissolution, is evenly divided into 5 parts, slowly 1 part is added from axis hole every 20 minutes, should check pH value after adding the 3rd part, if pH value=3.9, then remaining saleratus liquid no longer adds; If less than 3.9, continue to add saleratus liquid, until PH reaches 3.9, and then turn 60 minutes; Add the water of water temperature 50 DEG C to interior temperature 38 DEG C, owse pH value is stabilized in 3.9-4.0, turns 60 minutes, stops drum 10h; Rotate 30 minutes, check PH>3.8, interior temperature 38 DEG C, Ts>95, leather is blue-greenish colour, and draining is poured out and taken flat ageing and proceed to next procedure in 1 week;

Water squeezing: with the skin that batching is good smooth pass through wringing machine;

Shaving: fall rotary drum with the skin after water squeezing through overdrying and add careless chaff and rotate to go out drum for 10 minutes and take mean longitude and cross shaving machine the oil film of flesh noodles is reamed uniformly;

Retanning is dyeed: refer to that blue skin is after shaving is weighed, make the foundation of weighing of chemical materials according to weight, step is as follows:

(1) pickling: mix up that 40 DEG C of 1:200 liquor ratio water add permeate agent, oxalic acid turns 40 points of drainings washings, the PH to blue skin is 3.4-3.6;

(2) retanning: renew body lotion, mix up the water of 36 DEG C of 150 times of tare weights, the acidproof oil that the surface adding tare weight 1% is moistened turns 15 minutes, the chromium aluminium synthetic tanning agent adding tare weight 2% turns 30 points, the chromium powder adding tare weight 4% turns 60 minutes and then adds sodium formiate and turns 20 minutes, gradation adds sodium bicarbonate and turns 60 minutes and slowly promote pH value, and make pH value be 3.9-4.0, the both sexes vinylformic acid adding tare weight 1% turns 30 minutes; Finally mend one times turn, 40 DEG C of water and within 10 minutes, stop drum 10h, finally turn 10 minutes water drain wash cleans;

(3) neutralize: in application, slowly promote pH value with tannin, then improve PH to 5.1-5.3 with sodium bicarbonate;

(4) fill: in the blue skin of becoming reconciled through fully washing, renew bath to add small molecules acrylate resin tanning agent and rotate 30 points, add grease, then dispersion tanning agent, tannin extract is added, resin extender turns 60 points, then add dyestuff and rotate 30 points, be then warming up to 45 DEG C and add formic acid and turn 30 points to PH4.0;

(5) stuffing: in new body lotion, first adds vegetable protein and turns 20 minutes, and fatting agent adds rotation 40 minutes;

(6) surface oil: add surperficial cation oil and turn 20 minutes before going out drum, water drain washes out drum;

Secondary water squeezing: the skin that retanning is dyeed is extruded skin extended flat by the transmission rod axle of wringing machine and the rotation of felt axle, and moisture is evenly extruded;

Vacuum: with vacuum machine, skin being dried to water content is 48-52%;

Extension dries in the air: utilize 40 DEG C of baking ovens to continue skin to be dried to the water content of 5%-10%;

Backwater: adopt reverse side oil return method, natural oil, permeate agent, water carry out proportioning, backwater 10h;

Cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.: at grain layer synthetic wax and synthetic oil, first form the state of oily wax molecule parcel grain fiber, top layer made by high light compositing wax, and polishing is plated.

Present invention process is selected appropriate, and appropriate auxiliary liming agent, impels the expansion of grey pelt appropriateness, improve the tear strength of skin, and make the growth line of raw material skin, ridge line opens completely, grain is flat thin, adds yield of leather; The position decreasing skin body is poor, improves the fullness ratio of whole skin, and skin body can be made to moisten; In scytoblastema arrangement process, make the grain consolidation of skin, uniformity coefficient, the pliability of whole skin are consistent, cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the optimization of style, reduce production cost, more natural, environmental protection.

Embodiment:

Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.

A kind of goat upper leather for shoes manufacture craft, concrete operations flow process is as follows:

Fur: with domestic Han kou goat skui for preferred material, this dermatotome is abundant, plump, is with flesh pink in Huang, and grain is flat thin.

Immersion: object makes the moisture of raw material skin return back to fresh hide state, the inorganic and organic dirt such as silt, blood stains, salt and sanitas on removing hide, removing intracutaneous part soluble non-fibrillar albumen is that the infiltration of the material of rear operation and effect lay the first stone.With the water between 18-22 DEG C, liquor ratio 300 times of tare weights, rotating speed 3-4 rev/min; Time 18-22 hour; Add appropriate sanitas and Soaking, throw skin and adjust liquor ratio and temperature to prescribed value, rotate 1 hour, stop 1 hour, often stop to rotate 5-10 minute in 1 hour, total rotation time was at 3 hours later, prevent from mechanical effect from crossing strong hide to elongate, stop drum 10h, rotate 15 minutes continuously before going out drum

Fleshing: eliminate subcutis with fleshing machine, can not by dermatotome skiving, cut wound etc.

Bag ash: so-called bag ash, uses required sodium sulphite water-soluble exactly, adds lime furnishing pasty state, by hand or be coated with unhairing paste machine and reach in the flesh noodles of skin and clear up hair root sheath, hair root and ball top and the one of position difference of losing hair or feathers or reducing skin operates.Its specific practice is that solution technical pure sodium sulphite being made into 15-50g/L adds lime furnishing 15-30Be ' paste, uniform application is on the flesh noodles returning to fresh hide state skin, flesh to flesh is piled up to about 40cm height, and (18-22 DEG C) stacks to hair root loosening at normal temperatures.

Depilation: after bag ash by hand in foreskin version or push away the object that mao machine carries out pushing away hair to reach depilation one by one and reclaim hair.

Liming: liming is that the further process in certain density liquor calcis of depilation pelt reaches supplementary loosen collagen fibre, supplements its operation waiting and act on of expanding.The deficiency expanded when its object is to supplement depilation, makes hide fiber obtain and further expands and dispersion, further removing intracutaneous interfibrillar substance and to the effect strengthening spandex fiber, for obtaining plentiful, soft and there is elastic leather laying a solid foundation.Specific practice is as follows: adjust liquor ratio: 250 times; Interior temperature: 18-22; Time: 18h; Material: lime putty 10%, enzyme-added Soaking 0.5%-0.8%; Operation: throw skin and mix up liquor ratio and temperature, add consoluet auxiliary liming agent under the hot water stirs of about 40 DEG C of required emplaster and prior abundance, rotate 40 points, stop 1 hour, often stop 1 hour later, turns 5 minutes to the specified time.Total rotation time is 3 hours, before terminating liming, rotates 20-30 minute continuously, checks, connect lower operation after reaching requirement.

Deliming: deliming is named dealkalize again, removes the one operation of intracutaneous lime (alkali) exactly under certain conditions with acid.Its object: the free alkali of removing intracutaneous and combined alkali, the expansion of basically eliminate skin, the material that further removing remains in the degraded product of the lime-preserved egg bletilla lipid between materials with hide glue fibril bundle, hair root, part noncollagen protein and scurf etc. affect finished leather performance, dredge interfibrous space, be beneficial to infiltration and the effect of rear operation chemical materials; Reduce the pH value (being down to about 8 from 12) of alkali (ash) skin, for softening, the giving security smoothly of the rear operation such as pickling.Deliming is auxiliary to wash deliming, and deliming agent deliming is main.Concrete operations are as follows: liquor ratio: 200; Interior temperature: 25 DEG C; Time: 40 minutes; Chemical materials: ammonium sulfate 1.5% hydrochloric acid (36%) 0.5% grease-removing agent 0.5%; Step: mix up also than in interior temperature, add required ammonium sulfate and grease-removing agent, turns 10 minutes, and then interval adds the cooled hydrochloric acid of dilution for 5 minutes at twice.Finally go out drum and check that cervical incision phenolphthalein indicator leaves 1/4 red heart as terminal.

Softening: this step refers under certain condition with biological enzyme formulation process deliming pelt, the one operation that the wholesomenesses such as the more flat carefully organoleptic and ventilation property of more soft after making pelt finished leather, grain are better, this step is also called enzyme bating and operates, abbreviation enzyme bating.Its objective is the degradation product such as pigment, hair root, hair root sheath, epidermis, grease and scurf outside removing intracutaneous, the remnants such as non-fibrous protein and part collagen degradation thing, are beneficial to infiltration and the combination of the materials such as tanning agent, guarantee the performances such as the flexibility of finished leather and fullness; The effects of muscle tissue in skin weave construction such as weaken flexibility fiber, bundle hair flesh, to take care of yourself the extensibility of finished leather, the flat thin property of the inside and flexibility; Further dispersion materials with hide glue fibril, makes finished leather have the sanitation performances such as good ventilation property and permeability to water vapour; Eliminating the expansion of pelt completely, is pickling ready for operation.Concrete operations are as follows: liquor ratio: 100%; Interior temperature: 36-37 DEG C; Time: 30 minutes-40 minutes; Chemical materials: ammonium sulfate 0.5%, pancreatin (25 times) 0.3%, 1398 proteolytic enzyme (50,000 units/g) 0.1%, penetrating agent JFC 0.3%; Mix up temperature in liquor ratio, add required material, turn to the rotation time conformed to quality requirements; Softening terminate about PH=8.0, grain is flat thin, skin body is soft point press grain without hard-core after, should stay and refer to that trace prints clearly, skin body is as well solid, can time expand if do not reach requirement, finally reaches requirement as well.

Pickling: be that operation that the is sour and pelt of neutral salt wiring solution-forming process by a certain percentage after softening is become pickling operation, be called for short pickling.Its objective is: the pH value reducing pelt, makes it close with Chrome Tanning Liquor pH value, prevent surface from crossing and tan, ensure carrying out smoothly of tanning; Further dispersion agent protofibril, increases the reactive behavior base of collagen, is conducive to the combination increasing tanning agent molecule and collagen; The non-fibrous protein of further removing intracutaneous also makes collagenous portion dewater, and increases the space between collegen filament, is conducive to infiltration and the combination of tanning agent molecule; Close the hydroxyl of collagen, strengthen the electropositivity of collagen, slow down the combination of tanning agent molecule and collagen, be convenient to tanning agent molecule to intradermal penetration, prevent surface from crossing and tan; Be convenient to preservation and the shaving of pelt.Operate as follows: liquor ratio 100; Interior temperature: 18 DEG C-22 DEG C; Time: 180 points; Chemical materials: formic acid (85%) 1.0%, sulfuric acid (96%) 0.5% salt 7%; Mix up temperature in liquor ratio, by 20 times of normal-temperature water of sour weight formic acid and sulfuric acid diluted respectively and be cooled to normal temperature.First turn 5 minutes with salt, add formic acid and turn 30 points, point slowly add sulfuric acid three times, every minor tick 10 minutes from drum axle sky, then turn 30 minutes and stop 30 minutes, often stop to turn 5 minutes to the specified time in 30 minutes later.Final inspection tetrabromo-mcresolsulfonphthalein cervical incision is entirely yellow, and solution PH: about 2.8, proceeds to tanning processes.

Tanning: this operation we have employed few bath chromic tanning, it belongs to the one of traditional chromium tannage.It is by former traditional tanning in pickling liquid, change over and remove part pickling liquid (as 1/2) in the pickling liquid of traditional chromium tannage, then carry out a kind of tannage of chrome tanning, be characterized in: the concentration that improve Chrome Tanning Liquor, accelerate tanning speed, shorten the production time; The tanning later stage still adopts and carries alkali, expands liquor ratio and intensification; Improve collagen to chrome uptake, improve the utilization ratio of chromium, decrease the pollution of chrome wastewater to environment.Concrete operations are as follows: remove pickling liquid 1/2, add cationic surface oil and turn 30 minutes, add chromium powder (low basicity B=33%) 6% turn 120 minutes (surveying Ts>85), add 60 DEG C of 100 times of water and turn 60 minutes (interior temperature=38 DEG C), the sodium-acetate adding 1% turns 30 points, the sodium bicarbonate of 1% is good by 20 times of water dissolution, evenly be divided into 5 parts, slowly 1 part is added from axis hole every 20 minutes, pH value should be checked after adding the 3rd part, if pH value=3.9, then remaining saleratus liquid no longer adds; If less than 3.9, then optionally, add remaining saleratus liquid, until PH reaches 3.9, and then turn 60 minutes.Add the water of water temperature 50 DEG C to interior temperature 38 DEG C, owse pH value is stabilized in 3.9-4.0, turns 60 minutes, stops drum and spends the night.Rotate 30 minutes next day, check PH>3.8, temperature 38 DEG C (interior temperature) Ts>95 degree, leather is consistent in blue-greenish colour color even, and leather body is soft.Draining is poured out and is taken flat ageing and proceed to next procedure in 1 week.

Blue skin batching: similar hide composition is produced batch operation sequence organizing production by the first transaction of a day's business size, thickness, the degree of disability of grain, the thickness of grain etc. according to blue skin.Small stream sand of washing adopts thickness moderate (shaving thickness 0.8MM), and grain is flat thin, opens a business to produce according to the blue skin of customer requirement (3SF-5SF) grade at (1 grade-3 grades).Follow-up technique can be adjusted according to the state of skin blue after batching, reaches relatively consistent finished product to reach different blue skin by adjusting process.So this operation of batching is for high-quality resultant Leather processing provides the most basic guarantee.

Water squeezing: by this process by wringing machine that the skin that batching is good is smooth, make the moisture contained by blue skin reach the state of the requirement (half-dried, moisture content is about 40%) of shaving.

Shaving: fall rotary drum with the skin after water squeezing through overdrying and add careless chaff and rotate to go out drum for 10 minutes and take mean longitude and cross shaving machine the oil film of flesh noodles is reamed uniformly, the thickness of hide is made to reach the degree of uniformity according to the thickness requirements of client, basis is provided to follow-up retanning dyeing, be convenient to retanning agent, fatting agent is combined with hide fiber fully, the position difference of skin is reduced, and color is relatively more even, improves utilization ratio and finished product class! Skin after water squeezing shaving has consistent water content and uniform thickness, and the meter recast being convenient to follow-up retanning agent and dyestuff is an important parameter foundation.

Retanning is dyeed: this operation plays very important effect in small stream sand is washed in manufacture.Through the tanning at initial stage, the grain of blue skin is flat thin, and body bone is soft.Retanning dyeing further strengthens the flat fineness of grain in these advantages that ensure that blue skin, makes to which increase glossy sense, flexibility by the effect of retanning packing material and fatting agent, the lifting on the sense organs such as fullness ratio and physical and chemical index; Blue wet pelt is in the middle of retanning, and for Hua Beilu, the blue skin of import etc., grain is comparatively thick, hard, carries out blue soft and soggyization, further surface treatment, makes grain uniformity, reaches overall soft, plentiful, expands raw-material popularity simultaneously.The both sexes vinylformic acid that alkali to add 1 ~ 2% latter stage is carried in retanning, can effectively fill reducing portion potential difference, improves fullness ratio.In main stuffing, appropriate adds lanolin, cow hoof fat, increases the moisture feeling on surface, resistance toly drags sense.

Concrete operations are as follows: blue skin is after shaving is weighed, that makes chemical materials according to weight weighing according to (1) pickling: mix up that 40 DEG C of 200 times of liquor ratio water add appropriate permeate agent, oxalic acid turns 40 points of drainings washings, object is the pH value (about PH=3.5) adjusting blue skin, application permeate agent makes skin get back to vivid blue wet pelt state fast, the dirt caused too is for a long time displayed because of blue skin in removing surface again, for follow-up composite tan fatting agent is fully combined with hide fiber and good infiltration is laid a good foundation.

(2) retanning: renew body lotion and mix up 36 DEG C of 150 times of liquor ratio water, the acidproof oil that the surface adding 1% is moistened turns 15 minutes, the chromium aluminium synthetic tanning agent adding 2% turns 30 points, add chromium powder 4% turn within 60 minutes, then to add sodium formiate and turn 20 minutes, gradation adds sodium bicarbonate and turns 60 minutes and slowly promote pH value, make pH value be 3.9-4.0, if check skin now limit belly partially pine just add 1% both sexes vinylformic acid to turn 30 minutes and improve position poor, the overall uniformity coefficient of lifting skin.Finally mend 100% turn, 40 DEG C of water and within 10 minutes, stop drum 10h, turn 10 minutes water drain wash cleans.

(3) neutralize: in application, slowly promote pH value with tannin, open passage between fiber further, then improve about PH to 5.2 with sodium bicarbonate, for basis carried out by negatively charged ion retanning packing material below, be conducive to weighting agent, fatting agent, dyestuff be fully combined with hide fiber, permeate.

(4) fill: in the blue skin of becoming reconciled through fully washing, renew bath to add small molecules acrylate resin tanning agent and rotate 30 points, add a little grease, then dispersion tanning agent, tannin extract is added, resin extenders etc. turn 60 points, then add dyestuff and rotate 30 points, check that the skin heart wants imbue, then be warming up to 45 DEG C to add formic acid and turn 30 points in right amount to PH:4.0, fully fixing above material.The key of this step is to apply comprehensive retanning packing material, and making skin improve fullness ratio further, the degree of packing, is provide an of paramount importance step for making in finished product integumentary sense organ and physical application.

(5) stuffing: small stream sand of washing have employed unique stuffing formula, in new body lotion, first add appropriate vegetable protein and turn 20 minutes, loose side is caused with the effect preventing fatting agent excessive, fatting agent adds rotation will check feel in 40 minutes, glossy degree, oil sense is not enough or limit abdomen partially pine all to adopt required measure, appropriate increase grease or add appropriate Selective filling agent with part of covering the shortage.

(6) surface oil: this step the final step before drum, and add appropriate surperficial cation oil and turn 20 minutes before going out drum, water drain washes out drum, takes and arranges flat next day.Add surperficial cation oil in order to improve the electric charge in epidermis face, fixing anionic materials and dyestuff above, make the grain on surface more moist, the grain being beneficial to pasting board in follow-up process of vacuum drying is flat thin, for follow-up covering with paint provides good basis.

Secondary water squeezing: the skin that retanning is dyeed goes out the first finishing process after drum, the skin dyeed is extruded skin extended flat by the transmission rod axle of wringing machine and the rotation of felt axle, moisture is evenly extruded, and carefully plays place mat effect for the even drying of vacuum and grain are more flat.

Vacuum: the next process that the complete skin of water squeezing proceeds to, the husky processing requirement vacuum machine of small stream of washing skin be dried to water content about 50 state, (parameter: 65 DEG C 1 point 20 seconds); Can not be too dry, ensure again skin grain flat thin, can not be too wet.

Extension dries in the air: the skin after vacuum also needs further drying, utilizes baking oven (40 DEG C) to continue skin to be dried to the water content of 5%-10%.Too fast drying (temperature wants constant temperature 35-40 DEG C) is avoided to cause moisture short period of time wink-dry to bring skin body partially dry, partially firmly.

Backwater: also known as moisture regain operation is the together excessive operation of dried skin to dry finishing.The backwater of small stream sand of washing adopts reverse side oil return method, and natural oil, permeate agent, water carry out proportioning, and moisture regain is spent the night, grease uniform pickup.After scytoblastema arranges, surface oil moisture feeling is strong, body bone softness not loose side, shakes soft operation together provide reasonable condition for proceeding to down.

Shake soft: be generally for natural leather, imitation leather, synthetic leather etc. in process of production draw soft operation, eliminate the phenomenons such as base leather board is hard, warpage, make crust leather fiber loose soft, high resilience, can improve final product quality effectively, increases yield of leather.

Stretch: cry again dry stretching, extension, stretching with wet practice, object is that skin body is carried out flat, for toggling is prepared, effectively can improve final product quality, increase yield of leather.

Toggling: the limit belly clamping leather before this with toggling, suitably pulls at and be fixed on toggling by clip again, and multiple clip carries out simultaneously, sheepskin generally carries out bark pocket by four people, effectively can improve final product quality, reduce the unit elongation of scytoblastema, increase yield of leather.

Deburring: the preparatory process before covering with paint, revise the empty limit that edge is unnecessary, make scytoblastema more smooth, be convenient to buffing, the now unfairness being unlikely to leather causes scytoblastema of grinding away.

Buffing: the preparatory process before covering with paint, by mill flesh noodles, makes scytoblastema very smooth, is convenient to the operation sequence such as spraying, ironing, polishing in covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.

Cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.: at grain layer synthetic wax and synthetic oil, first form the state of oily wax molecule parcel grain fiber, both interfibrous frictional coefficient had been made to reduce, skin body fiber-reactive increases, protect again surface prevent after in polishing process skin corium be subject to polishing damage, top layer made by high light compositing wax, and after polishing pressing, finished product is level and smooth, soft and moist, samples pure; The polishing effect of unrestricted number of times, glossy vamp.

Classification: scytoblastema enters finished product skin state through having covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.Now skin will reach all requirements of client, then adopts classification finished product skin to be divided into 1 grade by disability grade, utilization ratio, 2 grades, 3 grades.

Metering: finished product skin enters footwear material market, last procedure of Shoes Factory.By leather measuring machine, size is accurately stamped at the back side of finished product skin exactly, and then enter footwear material market.

Goat after above-mentioned steps completes imitates cowboy's line upper leather the key technical indexes:

Check conclusion: above-mentioned test rating all meets QB/T1873-2010 standard specification.

Specific embodiment described herein is only to the present invention's explanation for example.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.

Claims (1)

1. a goat upper leather for shoes manufacture craft, is characterized in that concrete technology flow process is followed successively by: immersion, fleshing, bag ash, depilation, liming, deliming, softening, pickling, tanning, blue skin batching, water squeezing, shaving, retanning dyeing, secondary water squeezing, vacuum, extension are dried in the air, backwater, soft, the stretching, extension of shaking, toggling, deburring, buffing, covering with paint;

Wherein, immersion: with domestic Han kou goat skui for material, with the water of 300 times of tare weights of 18-22 DEG C, immersion equipment rotating speed 3-4 rev/min; Time 18-22 hour; Add sanitas and Soaking, rotate 1 hour, stop 1 hour, often stop to rotate 5-10 minute in 1 hour later, total rotation time, at 3 hours, rotates 15 minutes before going out drum continuously;

Fleshing: remove subcutis with fleshing machine;

Bag ash: solution technical pure sodium sulphite being made into 15-50g/L adds lime furnishing 15-30Be ' paste, uniform application is on the flesh noodles returning to fresh hide state skin, and flesh to flesh is piled up to 40cm height, stacks to hair root loosening at 18-22 DEG C;

Depilation: by hand in foreskin version or push away mao machine and carry out one by one pushing away hair to lose hair or feathers;

Liming: the design parameter of described liming is: adjust liquor ratio: 1:250; Interior temperature: 18-22 DEG C; Time: 18h; Material: lime putty consumption is 10% of tare weight, enzyme-added auxiliary liming agent consumption is the 0.5%-0.8% of tare weight; Operate as follows: throw skin and mix up liquor ratio and temperature, add lime putty and use the 35-45 DEG C of consoluet auxiliary liming agent of hot water stirs in advance, rotate 40 points, stop 1 hour, often stop 1 hour later, turn 5 minutes, total rotation time is 3 hours; Before terminating liming, rotate 20-30 minute continuously;

Deliming: deliming design parameter is: liquor ratio: 1:200; Interior temperature: 25 DEG C; Time: 40 minutes; Chemical materials: the grease-removing agent that the hydrochloric acid that the concentration that consumption is the ammonium sulfate of tare weight 1.5%, consumption is tare weight 0.5% is 36%, consumption are tare weight 0.5%; Step: mix up liquor ratio and Nei Wen, adds ammonium sulfate and grease-removing agent, turns 10 minutes, and then interval adds the cooled hydrochloric acid of dilution for 5 minutes at twice; Finally go out drum and check that cervical incision phenolphthalein indicator leaves 1/4 red heart as terminal;

Softening: concrete operations are as follows: liquor ratio: 1:100; Interior temperature: 36-37 DEG C; Time: 30 minutes-40 minutes; Chemical materials: by tare weight: ammonium sulfate 0.5%, pancreatin 0.3%, the 1398 proteolytic enzyme 50,000 units/g 0.1% of 25 times, penetrating agent JFC 0.3%; Mix up liquor ratio, interior temperature, add required material; Soften to pH=7.9-8.1;

Pickling: operate as follows: liquor ratio 1-100; Interior temperature: 18-22 DEG C; Time: 180 points; Chemical materials: concentration 85% formic acid 1.0%, concentration 96% sulfuric acid 0.5%, salt 7%; Mix up liquor ratio, interior temperature, with the water of 18-22 DEG C of sour weight 20 times formic acid and sulfuric acid diluted respectively and be cooled to normal temperature; First turn 5 minutes with salt, add formic acid and turn 30 points, slowly add sulfuric acid three times from drum axle sky point, every minor tick 10 minutes, then turn 30 minutes and stop 30 minutes, often stop within 30 minutes, to turn 5 minutes to checking that tetrabromo-mcresolsulfonphthalein cervical incision is entirely yellow later, pH value of solution is 2.7-2.9, proceeds to tanning processes;

Tanning: have employed few bath chromic tanning, concrete operations are as follows: remove pickling liquid 1/2, add cationic surface oil and turn 30 minutes, add the chromium powder of tare weight 6%, low basicity B=33%, turn 120 minutes to surveying Ts>85, add 60 DEG C of 100 times of water turn 60 minutes to interior temperature be 38 DEG C, the sodium-acetate adding 1% turns 30 points, and the sodium bicarbonate of 1% is good by 20 times of water dissolution, is evenly divided into 5 parts, slowly 1 part is added from axis hole every 20 minutes, should check pH value after adding the 3rd part, if pH value=3.9, then remaining saleratus liquid no longer adds; If less than 3.9, continue to add saleratus liquid, until pH reaches 3.9, and then turn 60 minutes; Add the water of water temperature 50 DEG C to interior temperature 38 DEG C, owse pH value is stabilized in 3.9-4.0, turns 60 minutes, stops drum 10h; Rotate 30 minutes, check pH>3.8, interior temperature 38 DEG C, Ts>95, leather is blue-greenish colour, and draining is poured out and taken flat ageing and proceed to next procedure in 1 week;

Water squeezing: with the skin that batching is good smooth pass through wringing machine;

Shaving: fall rotary drum with the skin after water squeezing through overdrying and add careless chaff and rotate to go out drum for 10 minutes and take mean longitude and cross shaving machine the oil film of flesh noodles is reamed uniformly;

Described retanning dyeing refers to that blue skin is after shaving is weighed, and make the foundation of weighing of chemical materials according to weight, step is as follows:

(1) pickling: mix up that 40 DEG C of 1:200 liquor ratio water add permeate agent, oxalic acid turns 40 points of drainings washings, the pH to blue skin is 3.4-3.6;

(2) retanning: renew body lotion, mix up the water of 36 DEG C of 150 times of tare weights, the acidproof oil that the surface adding tare weight 1% is moistened turns 15 minutes, the chromium aluminium synthetic tanning agent adding tare weight 2% turns 30 points, the chromium powder adding tare weight 4% turns 60 minutes and then adds sodium formiate and turns 20 minutes, gradation adds sodium bicarbonate and turns 60 minutes and slowly promote pH value, and make pH value be 3.9-4.0, the both sexes vinylformic acid adding tare weight 1% turns 30 minutes; Finally mend one times turn, 40 DEG C of water and within 10 minutes, stop drum 10h, finally turn 10 minutes water drain wash cleans;

(3) neutralize: in application, slowly promote pH value with tannin, then improve pH to 5.1-5.3 with sodium bicarbonate;

(4) fill: in the blue skin of becoming reconciled through fully washing, renew bath to add small molecules acrylate resin tanning agent and rotate 30 points, add grease, then dispersion tanning agent, tannin extract is added, resin extender turns 60 points, then add dyestuff and rotate 30 points, be then warming up to 45 DEG C and add formic acid and turn 30 points to pH4.0;

(5) stuffing: in new body lotion, first adds vegetable protein and turns 20 minutes, and fatting agent adds rotation 40 minutes;

(6) surface oil: add surperficial cation oil and turn 20 minutes before going out drum, water drain washes out drum;

Secondary water squeezing: the skin that retanning is dyeed is extruded skin extended flat by the transmission rod axle of wringing machine and the rotation of felt axle, and moisture is evenly extruded;

Vacuum: with vacuum machine, skin being dried to water content is 48-52%;

Extension dries in the air: utilize 40 DEG C of baking ovens to continue skin to be dried to the water content of 5%-10%;

Backwater: adopt reverse side oil return method, natural oil, permeate agent, water carry out proportioning, backwater 10h;

Cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.: at grain layer synthetic wax and synthetic oil, first form the state of oily wax molecule parcel grain fiber, top layer made by high light compositing wax, and polishing is plated.