CN113373269A - Production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather - Google Patents
Production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN113373269A CN113373269A CN202110660027.3A CN202110660027A CN113373269A CN 113373269 A CN113373269 A CN 113373269A CN 202110660027 A CN202110660027 A CN 202110660027A CN 113373269 A CN113373269 A CN 113373269A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
- C14B1/04—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/40—Softening or making skins or leather supple, e.g. by staking, boarding, or crippling machines, by dry mills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C15/00—Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/28—Multi-step processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
- C14C9/02—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oil wax leather, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of a leather preparation step, a deliming step, a softening step, an acid leaching step, a pre-tanning step, a water squeezing and shaving step, a tanning step and a fatliquoring step; the production process of the oil wax leather is optimized, so that more production time can be saved, the production efficiency can be improved, and the leather superior to leather on the market can be produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leather production methods, in particular to a production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather.
Background
Hides are subjected to a series of preparatory steps of soaking, unhairing, liming, bating, pickling, etc., before tanning in the tanning, which leaves the hide predominantly with a web of fibres consisting of collagen, but not the leather. Tanning is generally carried out in a rotating drum, and the tanning process varies depending on the tanning agent used and the variety of finished leather. Mainly comprises chrome tanning and plant tanning, and also comprises aldehyde tanning, oil tanning, aluminum tanning, zirconium tanning, combined tanning, alum tanning, formaldehyde tanning and the like. The other tanning methods can be changed into the ones without the procedures of limitless depilation and heavy leather tanning (such as vegetable tanning)
The physicochemical process by which the hide is converted into leather by a tanning agent is known as tanning. Tanning is an important process for processing leather and fur. Tanning using different tanning agents results in different tanning processes. For example, the most common tanning method of chrome tanning agent for light leather is called chrome tanning method, and the oil wax leather is one of the leather making processes of cow leather and needs to be separated from the common cow leather making process in a water plant process. The main difference is the tanning stage, and common cow leather mainly adopts chrome tanning, vegetable tanning, aldehyde tanning and the like. The oil wax leather adopts oil tanning, and after the leather is tanned and dyed, the leather is soft, good in elasticity and large in tension; the existing oil wax leather production process has certain defects.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather production method, which solves the problem that the existing oil wax leather production process has certain defects.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oil-wax leather production method comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a sheet;
b. a deashing process;
c. softening process;
d. acid leaching process;
e. a pretanning procedure;
f. a water squeezing and shaving process;
g. a tanning process;
h. and (5) a greasing procedure.
Preferably, the step of the sheet skin preparation process comprises:
1) selecting first layer cowhide, and putting the first layer cowhide into a leather splitting machine for splitting into sheets, wherein the size of each sheet is 2.5-3.0 mm;
2) then putting the first layer cowhide into a cleaning roller;
3) adding 150% of clear water at 25 ℃ into the cleaning roller;
4) starting a cleaning roller, and cleaning for 15 min;
5) opening a water outlet, discharging water in the cleaning roller, and then adding 200 percent of clear water at 25 ℃ and 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfate;
5) and starting the cleaning roller to clean for 15 min.
Preferably, the step of the deliming process comprises:
1) taking out the washed first layer cowhide in a cleaning roller, placing on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 60% of clear water, 1.5% of ammonium sulfate, 1.5% of sodium metabisulfite and 0.3% of degreasing agent into a stirring tank, starting the stirring tank to uniformly stir the solution, and preparing a solution with the pH value of 6.5;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a stirring tank, and starting the stirring tank to stir for 90 min;
4) and after stirring, taking out the first layer cowhide, and detecting the side surface of the first layer cowhide by using a phenolphthalein reagent, wherein the side surface is colorless.
Preferably, the softening process includes:
1) placing the delimed first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 200 percent of clear water at 35 ℃ and 0.5 percent of softening agent into the soaking tank A, and uniformly stirring the solution by using a stirring rod;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank A, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the softening liquid;
4) and discharging the softening liquid after soaking for 40min, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank A for 15min by using cold water.
Preferably, the acid leaching step includes:
1) placing the softened first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 60 percent of clear water at 25 ℃, 10 percent of salt, 2 percent of formic acid and 0.2 percent of sulfuric acid into the soaking tank B, uniformly stirring the solution, and preparing pickle liquor with the pH value of 3.5;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the pickle liquor;
4) and after soaking for 3 hours, taking out the first layer of cowhide, and detecting the side surface of the first layer of cowhide by using a bromocresol green reagent, wherein the side surface is light green.
Preferably, the pretanning process comprises:
1) placing the acid-soaked first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 5% of glutaraldehyde into the pickle liquor in the soaking tank B;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, and soaking for 4 h;
4) adding 2% of baking soda into the soaking tank B, and soaking for 100 min;
5) discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B for 15min by using clear water at 25 ℃;
6) then 200 percent of clear water at 30 ℃ and 1 percent of sodium bisulfite are added into the soaking tank B, and the first layer cowhide is soaked for 30 min;
7) discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B with clear water at 25 ℃ for 10 min;
8) and then placing the first layer cowhide on an airing rack for airing for 36 hours.
Preferably, the water squeezing and shaving step includes:
1) flatly spreading the aired first layer cowhide in an extruder layer by layer, starting the extruder to extrude the first layer cowhide, and extruding for 30min to discharge water in the first layer cowhide;
2) putting the first layer cowhide after being squeezed into a skinning machine, and uniformly shaving until the thickness is 1.1 mm;
3) putting the evenly-cut first layer cowhide into a soaking tank C, adding 300 percent of clear water with the temperature of 30 ℃ and 0.3 percent of oxalic acid into the soaking tank C, soaking the first layer cowhide for 10min, taking out the first layer cowhide, placing the first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min.
Preferably, the tanning process comprises:
1) placing the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank D, adding 60% of clear water at 30 ℃ and 5% of substituted tannin Blancan HN into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 30 min;
2) then adding 10% of Indusol ATO into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 40 min;
3) then adding 12 percent of Dulcotan Special and 8 percent of white tannin Blancan BC into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 3 hours;
3) and discharging the solution in the soaking tank, adding 50 deg.C clear water, soaking for 5min, taking out the first layer cow leather, placing on a drying rack, and drying for 20 min.
Preferably, the step of fatliquoring comprises:
1) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank E, adding 200% of clear water at 50 ℃, 6% of Kuryalicker SR, 4% of Sintoil CH, 2% of Prodotti A927, 0.5% of Oreol FO and 0.5% of formic acid into the soaking tank E, and soaking for 80 min;
2) taking out the first layer cow leather, and washing with cold water for 5min
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oil wax leather. The method has the following beneficial effects:
by optimizing the production process of the oil wax leather, more production time can be saved, the production efficiency can be improved, and the leather superior to leather on the market can be produced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a production method of environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the production method comprises the following steps:
a. the preparation of the sheet skin comprises the following steps: selecting first layer cowhide, and putting the first layer cowhide into a leather splitting machine for splitting into sheets, wherein the thickness of each sheet is 2.5-3.0 mm; putting the first layer cowhide into a cleaning roller; adding 150% of clear water at 25 ℃ into the cleaning roller; starting a cleaning roller, and cleaning for 15 min; opening the water outlet, discharging the water in the cleaning roller, and adding 200%, 25 ℃ clear water and 0.5% ammonium sulfate; starting a cleaning roller, and cleaning for 15 min;
b. a deliming process comprising the steps of: taking out the washed first layer cowhide in a cleaning roller, placing on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min; adding 60% of clear water, 1.5% of ammonium sulfate, 1.5% of sodium metabisulfite and 0.3% of degreasing agent into a stirring tank, starting the stirring tank to uniformly stir the solution, and preparing a solution with the pH value of 6.5; putting the dried first layer cowhide into a stirring tank, and starting the stirring tank to stir for 90 min; after stirring, taking out the first layer of cowhide, and detecting the side surface of the first layer of cowhide by using a phenolphthalein reagent, wherein the side surface is colorless;
c. a softening process comprising the steps of: placing the delimed first layer cowhide on an air-drying rack, and air-drying for 20 min; adding 200 percent of clear water at 35 ℃ and 0.5 percent of softening agent into the soaking tank A, and uniformly stirring the solution by using a stirring rod; putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank A, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the softening liquid; soaking for 40min, discharging the softening solution, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank A with cold water for 15 min;
d. the pickling process comprises the following steps: placing the softened first layer cowhide on an air-drying rack, and air-drying for 20 min; adding 60 percent of clear water at 25 ℃, 10 percent of salt, 2 percent of formic acid and 0.2 percent of sulfuric acid into the soaking tank B, uniformly stirring the solution, and preparing pickle liquor with the pH value of 3.5; putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the pickle liquor; after soaking for 3h, taking out the first layer cow leather, and detecting the side surface of the first layer cow leather by using a bromocresol green reagent, wherein the side surface is light green;
e. the pre-tanning process comprises the following steps: placing the acid-soaked first layer cowhide on an air-drying rack, and air-drying for 20 min; adding 5% of glutaraldehyde into the pickle liquor in the soaking tank B; putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, and soaking for 4 h; adding 2% sodium bicarbonate into the soaking tank B, and soaking for 100 min; discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B with clear water of 25 deg.C for 15 min; adding 200% of clear water at 30 deg.C and 1% of sodium bisulfite into the soaking tank B, and soaking the first layer cowhide for 30 min; discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B with clear water of 25 deg.C for 10 min; then placing the first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 36 h;
f. the water squeezing and shaving process comprises the following steps: spreading the aired first layer cow leather layer by layer in an extruder, starting the extruder to extrude the first layer cow leather, and extruding for 30min to discharge water in the first layer cow leather; putting the first layer cowhide after being squeezed into a skinning machine, and uniformly shaving until the thickness is 1.1 mm; putting the evenly-shaved first layer cowhide into a soaking tank C, adding 300%, 30 ℃ clear water and 0.3% oxalic acid into the soaking tank C, soaking the first layer cowhide for 10min, taking out, placing on an air-drying rack, and air-drying for 20 min;
g. a tanning process comprising the steps of: placing the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank D, adding 60%, 30 deg.C clear water and 5% substituted tannin Blancan HN into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 30 min; then adding 10% of Indusol ATO into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 40 min; then adding 12% of Dulcotan Special and 8% of white tannin Blancan BC into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 3 h; discharging the solution from the soaking tank, adding 50 deg.C clear water, soaking for 5min, taking out the first layer cowhide, placing on a drying rack, and air drying for 20 min;
h. a step of fatliquoring, comprising the steps of: putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank E, adding 200% of clear water at 50 ℃, 6% of Kuryalicker SR, 4% of Sintoil CH, 2% of Prodotti A927, 0.5% of Oreol FO and 0.5% of formic acid into the soaking tank E, and soaking for 80 min; the first layer of cowhide was taken out and washed with cold water for 5 min.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The production method of the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanning oil wax leather is characterized by comprising the following steps: the production method comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a sheet;
b. a deashing process;
c. softening process;
d. acid leaching process;
e. a pretanning procedure;
f. a water squeezing and shaving process;
g. a tanning process;
h. and (5) a greasing procedure.
2. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step of the material preparation and splitting process comprises the following steps:
1) selecting first layer cowhide, and putting the first layer cowhide into a leather splitting machine for splitting into sheets, wherein the size of each sheet is 2.5-3.0 mm;
2) then putting the first layer cowhide into a cleaning roller;
3) adding 150% of clear water at 25 ℃ into the cleaning roller;
4) starting a cleaning roller, and cleaning for 15 min;
5) opening a water outlet, discharging water in the cleaning roller, and then adding 200 percent of clear water at 25 ℃ and 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfate;
5) and starting the cleaning roller to clean for 15 min.
3. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deashing process comprises the following steps:
1) taking out the washed first layer cowhide in a cleaning roller, placing on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 60% of clear water, 1.5% of ammonium sulfate, 1.5% of sodium metabisulfite and 0.3% of degreasing agent into a stirring tank, starting the stirring tank to uniformly stir the solution, and preparing a solution with the pH value of 6.5;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a stirring tank, and starting the stirring tank to stir for 90 min;
4) and after stirring, taking out the first layer cowhide, and detecting the side surface of the first layer cowhide by using a phenolphthalein reagent, wherein the side surface is colorless.
4. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the softening process comprises the following steps:
1) placing the delimed first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 200 percent of clear water at 35 ℃ and 0.5 percent of softening agent into the soaking tank A, and uniformly stirring the solution by using a stirring rod;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank A, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the softening liquid;
4) and discharging the softening liquid after soaking for 40min, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank A for 15min by using cold water.
5. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acid leaching process comprises the following steps:
1) placing the softened first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 60 percent of clear water at 25 ℃, 10 percent of salt, 2 percent of formic acid and 0.2 percent of sulfuric acid into the soaking tank B, uniformly stirring the solution, and preparing pickle liquor with the pH value of 3.5;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, so that the first layer cowhide is completely soaked in the pickle liquor;
4) and after soaking for 3 hours, taking out the first layer of cowhide, and detecting the side surface of the first layer of cowhide by using a bromocresol green reagent, wherein the side surface is light green.
6. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pre-tanning process comprises the following steps:
1) placing the acid-soaked first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min;
2) adding 5% of glutaraldehyde into the pickle liquor in the soaking tank B;
3) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank B, and soaking for 4 h;
4) adding 2% of baking soda into the soaking tank B, and soaking for 100 min;
5) discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B for 15min by using clear water at 25 ℃;
6) then 200 percent of clear water at 30 ℃ and 1 percent of sodium bisulfite are added into the soaking tank B, and the first layer cowhide is soaked for 30 min;
7) discharging the solution in the soaking tank B, and washing the first layer cowhide in the soaking tank B with clear water at 25 ℃ for 10 min;
8) and then placing the first layer cowhide on an airing rack for airing for 36 hours.
7. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water squeezing and shaving process comprises the following steps:
1) flatly spreading the aired first layer cowhide in an extruder layer by layer, starting the extruder to extrude the first layer cowhide, and extruding for 30min to discharge water in the first layer cowhide;
2) putting the first layer cowhide after being squeezed into a skinning machine, and uniformly shaving until the thickness is 1.1 mm;
3) putting the evenly-cut first layer cowhide into a soaking tank C, adding 300 percent of clear water with the temperature of 30 ℃ and 0.3 percent of oxalic acid into the soaking tank C, soaking the first layer cowhide for 10min, taking out the first layer cowhide, placing the first layer cowhide on an airing rack, and airing for 20 min.
8. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tanning process comprises the following steps:
1) placing the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank D, adding 60% of clear water at 30 ℃ and 5% of substituted tannin Blancan HN into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 30 min;
2) then adding 10% of Indusol ATO into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 40 min;
3) then adding 12 percent of Dulcotan Special and 8 percent of white tannin Blancan BC into the soaking tank D, and soaking for 3 hours;
3) and discharging the solution in the soaking tank, adding 50 deg.C clear water, soaking for 5min, taking out the first layer cow leather, placing on a drying rack, and drying for 20 min.
9. The method for producing the environment-friendly semi-vegetable tanned oily wax leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step of greasing comprises the following steps:
1) putting the dried first layer cowhide into a soaking tank E, adding 200% of clear water at 50 ℃, 6% of Kuryalicker SR, 4% of Sintoil CH, 2% of Prodotti A927, 0.5% of Oreol FO and 0.5% of formic acid into the soaking tank E, and soaking for 80 min;
2) and taking out the first layer of cowhide, and washing with cold water for 5 min.
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