CN103283635B - Method and device for light supplementary by combining natural light in daytime and artificial supplementary light at night in barton - Google Patents

Method and device for light supplementary by combining natural light in daytime and artificial supplementary light at night in barton Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103283635B
CN103283635B CN201310147205.8A CN201310147205A CN103283635B CN 103283635 B CN103283635 B CN 103283635B CN 201310147205 A CN201310147205 A CN 201310147205A CN 103283635 B CN103283635 B CN 103283635B
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led lamp
chicken
hen house
light
meter
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CN103283635A (en
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泮进明
张明利
张颖萍
潘学冬
李许可
周泓
应义斌
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Hangzhou Langtuo Biotechnology Co ltd
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for light supplementary by combining the natural light in daytime and artificial supplementary light at night in a barton. The method comprises the following steps: breeding chickens in the barton allowing natural light to enter, and mounting an LED lamp A or an LED lamp B or mounting both the LED lamps A and B for light supplementary in the barton; wherein the color temperature of the LED lamp A is 6,172 K, the dominant wavelength of the LED lamp A is 492.5 nm, and the peak wavelength of the LED lamp A is 450.5 nm, the color temperature of the LED lamp B is 1,831 K, the dominant wavelength of the LED lamp B is 588.3 nm, and the peak wavelength of the LED lamp B is 591.1 nm; the lamps for light supplementary can also be the LED lamps which have similar spectrum with the LED lamp A or the LED lamp B; in daytime, the chickens receive the natural light penetrating through a window in the barton or are sent out of the barton to receive illumination; and at night, the chickens receive artificial supplementary light to enable the average light intensity of the contact surface of chicken claws to be 5-30 Lux. During the whole breeding process, the LED lamp A or the LED lamp B is used, or the LED lamp A is firstly used before the chickens are of 40-day-age and then the LED lamp B is used. The switch of each LED lamp is controlled by a hand switch, an autotimer or a controller. The method and the device disclosed by the invention are applicable to breeding of yellow feather broilers in large-scale bartons.

Description

Hen house natural daylight on daytime artificial light filling is combined with night light compensation method and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the room of bird, especially relate to a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime artificial light filling is combined with night light compensation method and device.
Background technology
Chicken is a kind of photaesthesia animal, and the physiology of the change of illumination condition on chicken, behavior, growth rate etc. are all by the impact producing to a certain degree.General situation is, people are in order to obtain higher economic benefit light filling blindly, and supplementary lighting sources is selected the improper growth rate that not only can not improve chicken, and can affect growth welfare, the health status of chicken, reduces the quality of chicken.
Traditional light filling technology is generally to adopt incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp to carry out light filling, and these two kinds lamp source energy consumption is high, service life is short, poor controllability.And compared with conventional light source, LED light source electricity conversion is high, light utilization efficiency is high, Modulatory character is strong, the life-span is long, there is very high energy-saving effect, with LED light source replace traditional incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp carries out light filling, advantage is larger.
The aquaculture model of natural daylight on daytime artificial light filling in evening is taked in current most of breeding enterprise or cultivation per family, but the light source of light filling, light intensity, duration etc. do not have the unified guiding suggestion of science, they are written separately, and this just causes breeding production rate low, serious waste of resources.Especially in the time selecting LED light source, the spectral species of LED light source is more, if while accidentally selecting the LED light source larger with the spectrum difference of natural daylight, can to chicken produce bad stress, affect the healthy and growth of chicken.In view of the existence of these problems, be combined the research of light filling technology with LED just extremely urgent for natural daylight in breeding scale hen house.
Summary of the invention
Select the improper health status causing low in order to solve artificial supplementary lighting sources in hen house, lethality is high, the technical problems such as production efficiency is low, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime artificial light filling is combined with night light compensation method and device, avoid daytime and illumination in evening SPECTRAL DIVERSITY to cause greatly the distress to chicken, by suitable quantity is installed in hen house, the LED lamp of suitable luminescent spectrum, the average intensity of shank contact-making surface is controlled to proper level, promote digestion and the nutrient absorption of chicken to feed, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, improve body weight gains and the chicken uniformity, the health of building up health and opposing epidemic disease ability.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
One, a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensation method that artificial light filling is combined with night:
A kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensation method that artificial light filling is combined with night, it is characterized in that: by chicken cultivation can enter in the hen house of natural daylight, LED lamp A or LED lamp B for light filling is installed in hen house, or while mounted LED lamp A and LED lamp B, colour temperature 6172K, dominant wavelength 492.5nm, the peak wavelength 450.5nm of described LED lamp A; Colour temperature 1831K, the dominant wavelength 588.3nm of LED lamp B, peak wavelength 591.1nm; By day time, chicken is accepted see through the natural daylight of window or chicken is discarded to the outdoor illumination of accepting in hen house, and in the time of night, chicken is accepted artificial light filling in hen house, the average intensity of shank contact-making surface reaches 5~30Lux, at omnidistance LED lamp A or the LED lamp B of using of whole cultivation; Or chicken is used LED lamp A then to use LED lamp B before 40 ages in days, described all LED lamp switches are controlled by hand switch or controller, promote digestion and the nutrient absorption of chicken to feed, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, improve body weight gains and the chicken uniformity, the healthy and opposing epidemic disease ability of building up health.
The described artificial light filling time started is 17:00~19:00, and light filling duration is 4~10 hours.
Two, a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensating apparatus that artificial light filling is combined with night:
One of device: hen house is equipped with respectively long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, be 0.5~1 meter of apart from window place two metopes and place chicken coop, multiple chicken coops are equidistantly placed window with width along its length, 0~0.5 meter apart from ground of chicken coop bottom, directly over 0.5~2 meter of, distance each chicken coop bottom, with chicken coop length parallel direction, a LED lamp is all housed, described LED lamp is LED lamp A or LED lamp B, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5~30Lux, and LED lamp is connected with switch by electric wire.
Two of device: hen house is equipped with long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, on the ceiling of hen house apart from hen house ground 1~4 meter, between row and row, adjacent spacing is 1~4 meter, multiple row LED lamp is all installed along its length, and LED lamp is the combination of LED lamp A or LED lamp B or LED lamp A and LED lamp B, and the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5~30Lux, multiple row LED lamp is a control circuit, and multiple row LED lamp is connected with switch by electric wire.
The useful effect that the present invention has is:
1. the production model based on open, utilizes natural daylight daytime, not only can save the energy, and its condition more approaches chicken nature state, can make its more healthy growing.
2. adopt LED as supplementary lighting sources, improve electricity conversion, light utilization efficiency and control, and because of its life-span long, can reduce maintenance or renewal replacement expense, cost-saving.
3. using LED lamp A or LED lamp B as supplementary lighting sources, their spectrum is similar to natural daylight to the spread effect of chicken, avoids daytime and illumination in evening difference to cause too greatly the distress to chicken, improves efficiency of feed utilization, promotes chicken healthy growth.
The present invention is mainly used in scale hen house and raises yellow-feather broiler.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the LED light spectrogram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the light-supplementing system plane of raising in cages of the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the flat light-supplementing system plane of supporting of the inventive method.
In figure: 1. hen house, 2. window, 3. hen house door, 4.LED lamp, 5. electric wire, 1. 6. switch, 7. organize experiment chicken coop, 8. 2. organizes and test chicken coop, and 9. 3. group is tested chicken coop, and 10. 4. group is tested chicken coop, and 5. 11. organize experiment chicken coop, 12. gobos.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 2, hen house 1 is equipped with respectively long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window 2 of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, be 0.5~1 meter of apart from window 2 place two metopes and place chicken coop, multiple chicken coops are equidistantly placed window with width along its length, 0~0.5 meter apart from ground of chicken coop bottom, directly over 0.5~2 meter of, distance each chicken coop bottom, with chicken coop length parallel direction, a LED lamp A or LED lamp B are all housed, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5~30Lux, LED lamp 4 is connected with switch 6 by electric wire 5, and 3 is hen house door.
As shown in Figure 3, hen house 1 is equipped with long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window 2 of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, on the ceiling of hen house 1 apart from hen house ground 1~4 meter, between row and row, adjacent spacing is 1~4 meter, multiple row LED lamp 4 is all installed along its length, LED lamp 4 is LED lamp A or LED lamp B, or while mounted LED lamp A and LED lamp B, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5~30Lux, one row or multiple row LED lamp 4 are a control circuit, are connected with switch 6 by electric wire 5, and 3 is hen house door.
By chicken cultivation can enter in the hen house of natural daylight, by day time, chicken is carried out light filling or chicken is discarded to the outdoor illumination of accepting by the natural daylight that sees through window in hen house, mounted LED lamp A or LED lamp B in hen house, or while mounted LED lamp A and LED lamp B, colour temperature 6172K, dominant wavelength 492.5nm, the peak wavelength 450.5nm of described LED lamp A, colour temperature 1831K, the dominant wavelength 588.3nm of LED lamp B, peak wavelength 591.1nm, or differ 10% with interior LED lamp with colour temperature, dominant wavelength and the peak wavelength of LED lamp A or LED lamp B, by day time, chicken is accepted see through the natural daylight of window or chicken is discarded to the outdoor illumination of accepting in hen house, in the time of night, be after 17:00~19:00, to start to accept artificial light filling, light filling 4~10 hours, 1~4 meter of the adjacent spacing of LED lamp, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5~30Lux, in whole cultivation, the omnidistance LED lamp A or LED lamp B or chicken of using uses LED lamp A then to use LED lamp B before 40 ages in days, LED lamp switch is controlled by hand switch or autotimer or controller, LED lamp A is similar to natural daylight with the spread effect of the spectrum of LED lamp B, avoid daytime and illumination in evening difference to cause too greatly the distress to chicken, LED lamp A is similar to natural daylight with the spread effect of the spectrum of LED lamp B, promote digestion and the nutrient absorption of chicken to feed, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, improve body weight gains and the chicken uniformity, the health of building up health and opposing epidemic disease ability.
As shown in Figure 1, the colour temperature 6172K of LED lamp A, dominant wavelength is 492.5nm, peak wavelength is 450.5nm, the colour temperature 1831K of LED lamp B, dominant wavelength is 588.3nm, peak wavelength is 591.1nm.
Embodiment 1:
For obtaining the spectrum of the best LED lamp of being combined with natural daylight, shown in Fig. 2, the long 19m of hen house 1, the long 1.5m of window 2, totally 5.The chicken coop of two 1m × 1m is placed respectively at distance each window 1m place, and being positioned at same window 2 two other chicken coops is one group, and two chicken coops of same group abut against together and face window.Chicken coop bottom is apart from ground 0.5m, directly over 1.5m place, distance each chicken coop bottom, a LED lamp 4 is housed respectively, LED lamp 4 has five types, LED lamp 4 in two chicken coops of same group is same type, by a circuit control, article five, control circuit is connected with switch 6 by electric wire 5, and 3 is hen house door.
1. experiment establish, 2., 3., 4., 5. five experimental group, use respectively LED lamp A, B, C, D, E type, in corresponding diagram 2,1. group is tested chicken coop 7,2. group is tested chicken coop 8,3. organizes experiment chicken coop 9,4. organizes experiment chicken coop 10,5. organized and test chicken coop 11, the all types of parameters of LED lamp are as table 1, each experimental group has two chicken coops, and the LED lamp 4 of same type is housed, as two parallel group, between adjacent experimental group, separate with gobo 12, with the cultivation standard cultivation of 10/cage.Five experimental group lighting times are 18:00, and the time of turning off the light is 2:00 next day, light filling duration 8 hours, and chicken coop bottom surface average intensity is 15Lux.
The all types of parameter comparison of table 1 LED lamp
150 yellow plumage chickens that growth cycle is 80d, be divided at random five groups, in brood time 1-14d, accept natural daylight daytime, 18:00-at night 2:00 next day accepts respectively LED lamp A, B, C, D, the E type light filling of 15Lux, after 14d, eliminate 10 of small and weak and unhealthy chickens for every group, according to LED lamp type, every group of remaining 20 mean allocation are tested in two cages of correspondence group, experimental session obtains water consumption, feed consumption value and every body weight value for every two weeks, calculate feedstuff-meat ratio, body weight gains and the uniformity, until 80d experiment finishes.Each experimental group body weight gains contrasts in table 2 in different phase.
Table 2 result shows, it is the highest that 1. 1-40d organizes body weight gains, is secondly 2. group, it is the highest that 2. 41-80d and full stage organize body weight gains, is secondly 1. group, and deducibility draws thus, 1-40d uses LED lamp A, and 41-80d uses LED lamp B to combine so stage by stage, also can obtain higher body weight gains.As from the foregoing, the full stage is used LED lamp A or LED lamp B, or 1-40d uses LED lamp A, it is better suited that 41-80d uses LED lamp B to combine so stage by stage yellow plumage chicken growth, can obtain good body weight gains, this light source using method is equally applicable to the flat pattern of supporting, as embodiment 2.
The each stage body weightening finish of the each experimental group of table 2 contrast
Embodiment 2:
The long 20.8m of hen house 1, wide 12m, the long 2.6m of window 2, totally 8, the long 0.6m of LED lamp group 4 fluorescent tube, with apart from wall 1m, the distance of adjacent spacing 2m is installed, totally 40 groups, every two row LED lamps 4 are a control circuit, be connected with controller 6 by electric wire 5, said LED lamp 4 is colour temperature 6172K, dominant wavelength 492.5nm, the LED lamp A of peak wavelength 450.5nm, or colour temperature 1831K, dominant wavelength 588.3nm, the LED lamp B of peak wavelength 591.1nm, or while mounted LED lamp A and LED lamp B, LED lamp A opens or closes respectively according to the different vegetative stages of chicken from LED lamp B, use LED lamp A or LED lamp B or using LED lamp A and changing after 40 ages in days in early stage in whole cultivation whole process and use LED lamp B, at 1-40d, in LED lamp group, LED lamp A opens, LED lamp B closes, at 41-80d, in LED lamp group, LED lamp B opens, LED lamp A closes, be 15Lux apart from the average intensity on ground, bright light duration is to start bright light 8 hours after darkness, be that 17:00 turns on light, next day, 1:00 turned off the light, LED lamp group 4 is connected with switch 6 by electric wire 5, 3 is hen house door.
The yellow plumage chicken that 3000 growth cycles are 80d is placed in hen house 1, accepts natural daylight daytime, and 17:00-at night 1:00 next day accepts artificial light filling, and 1-40d accepts LED lamp A light filling, and 41-80d accepts LED lamp B light filling, and the reinforced until 80d of adding water every day finishes.

Claims (4)

1. hen house natural daylight on the daytime light compensation method that artificial light filling is combined with night, it is characterized in that: by chicken cultivation can enter in the hen house of natural daylight, LED lamp A or LED lamp B for light filling is installed in hen house, or while mounted LED lamp A and LED lamp B, colour temperature 6172K, dominant wavelength 492.5nm, the peak wavelength 450.5nm of described LED lamp A; Colour temperature 1831K, the dominant wavelength 588.3nm of LED lamp B, peak wavelength 591.1nm; By day time, chicken is accepted see through the natural daylight of window or chicken is discarded to the outdoor illumination of accepting in hen house, and in the time of night, chicken is accepted artificial light filling in hen house, the average intensity of shank contact-making surface reaches 5 ~ 30Lux, at omnidistance LED lamp A or the LED lamp B of using of whole cultivation; Or chicken is used LED lamp A then to use LED lamp B before 40 ages in days, described all LED lamp switches are controlled by hand switch or controller, promote digestion and the nutrient absorption of chicken to feed, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, improve body weight gains and the chicken uniformity, the healthy and opposing epidemic disease ability of building up health.
2. a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensation method that artificial light filling is combined with night according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described artificial light filling time started is 17:00 ~ 19:00, and light filling duration is 4 ~ 10 hours.
3. a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensating apparatus that artificial light filling is combined with night of method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hen house (1) is equipped with respectively long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window (2) of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, be 0.5~1 meter of apart from window (2) place two metopes and place chicken coop, multiple chicken coops are equidistantly placed window with width along its length, 0~0.5 meter apart from ground of chicken coop bottom, directly over 0.5~2 meter of, distance each chicken coop bottom, with chicken coop length parallel direction, a LED lamp (4) is all housed, described LED lamp (4) is LED lamp A or LED lamp B, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5 ~ 30Lux, LED lamp (4) is connected with switch (6) by electric wire (5).
4. a kind of hen house natural daylight on daytime light compensating apparatus that artificial light filling is combined with night of method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hen house (1) is equipped with long 1~3 meter in length direction both sides, apart from many fans window (2) of 0.5~1 meter of height in ground, on the ceiling of hen house (1) apart from hen house ground 1~4 meter, between row and row, adjacent spacing is 1 ~ 4 meter, multiple row LED lamp (4) is all installed along its length, LED lamp (4) is the combination of LED lamp A or LED lamp B or LED lamp A and LED lamp B, the average intensity that makes shank contact-making surface is 5 ~ 30Lux, multiple row LED lamp (4) is a control circuit, multiple row LED lamp (4) is connected with switch (6) by electric wire (5).
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