CN103280536A - Top-transmitting type active matrix organic light emitting display - Google Patents
Top-transmitting type active matrix organic light emitting display Download PDFInfo
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- CN103280536A CN103280536A CN2012103057924A CN201210305792A CN103280536A CN 103280536 A CN103280536 A CN 103280536A CN 2012103057924 A CN2012103057924 A CN 2012103057924A CN 201210305792 A CN201210305792 A CN 201210305792A CN 103280536 A CN103280536 A CN 103280536A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a top-transmitting type AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Display), which is used for solving the problem in the prior art that reflecting light forms total reflection between a metal electrode layer as cathode and a reflecting layer, causing the loss of part of light. The top-transmitting type AMOLED comprises a substrate, a light-emitting layer, an organic film layer and a reflecting layer, wherein the organic film layer is formed between the substrate and the light-emitting layer; one surface of the organic film layer, which is opposite to the light-emitting layer, is provided with an uneven area; and the reflecting layer is arranged on the uneven area according to the shape of the organic film layer. The top-transmitting type AMOLED disclosed by the invention has the advantages that when light emitted from the light-emitting layer enters the reflecting layer and then the reflected light is transmitted to air outside the top-transmitting type AMOLED by the light-emitting layer, the transmitting angle of a part of light is less than the transmitting angle of the light which is transmitted to the air outside the top-transmitting type AMOLED by the light-emitting layer and forms total reflection, so that total reflection can not be formed; and the part of light can be transmitted to the air environment outside the top-transmitting type AMOLED, so that the light loss is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the organic light emission technical field, relate in particular to a kind of top emission-type active matric organic light emitting display.
Background technology
Flourish along with the flat-panel screens technology, organic light emitting display (Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED), with traditional LCD (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) compare, except more frivolous, have more self-luminous, low power consumption, do not need backlight, good characteristics such as the restriction of no visual angle and high reaction rate, become the main flow of flat-panel screens technology of future generation.
Among the existing OLED, (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode AMOLED) owing to can satisfy display high-resolution and large-sized requirement, uses more extensive top emission-type active matric organic light emitting display.As shown in Figure 1, for having the generalized section of top emission-type AMOLED now.On substrate 1, be formed with organic film 2, reflector 3, transparent electrode layer 4, luminescent layer 5, metal electrode layer 6 successively.Transparent electrode layer 4 is as anode, metal electrode layer 6 is as negative electrode, when top emission-type AMOLED carries out the picture demonstration, between negative electrode and anode, inject electronics and hole respectively, and luminescent layer 5 comprises hole injection layer (Hole injection layer, HIL)/hole transport layer (Hole transport layer, HTL) 51, organic luminous layer (Emitting layer, EML) 52, electron transport layer (Electron transport layer, ETL) 53, make the combination on luminescent layer 5 of electronics and hole, and make electronics fall back ground state by excitation state, unnecessary energy namely disengages with the form of light.
Among the existing top emission-type AMOLED, metal electrode layer as negative electrode, luminescent layer has different refractive indexes with the external environment air, and the refractive index of luminescent layer is greater than the refractive index of extraneous air environment, the light that luminescent layer sends is after reflective layer reflects, again through luminescent layer when propagating as the extraneous air of the metal electrode course top emission-type AMOLED of negative electrode, total reflection phenomenon can take place, ignore the refractive index difference between luminescent layer and the metal electrode layer, when the propagation angle of light when luminescent layer is propagated to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED during greater than the angle of total reflection, as shown in Figure 2, the light of total reflection takes place, can be between as the metal electrode layer of negative electrode and reflector interreflection, and can not all launch top emission-type AMOLED, and cause part light to lose, influence picture display effect.
For fear of total reflection phenomenon, a lot of people attempt cathode surface is made as coarse surface, yet existing top emission-type AMOLED structure, as the metal electrode layer of negative electrode above luminescent layer, because light-transmission metallic is relatively poor, so this metal electrode layer must be extremely thin, could will incide its surperficial light transmission and propagate to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED, and metal is easy to oxidized, so the surface of this metal electrode layer is difficult to be made into coarse surface, it generally all is smooth surface, between as the metal electrode layer of negative electrode and reflector, can form total reflection, the problem that causes part light to lose so can't well solve light in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of top emission-type active matric organic light emitting display AMOLED, solving in the prior art, light can form total reflection, the problem that causes part light to lose between as the metal electrode layer of negative electrode and reflector.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of top emission-type active matric organic light emitting display AMOLED, comprising: substrate and luminescent layer; Also comprise: organic film and reflector; Wherein,
Described organic film is formed between described substrate and the described luminescent layer, and the one side of described relatively luminescent layer is provided with uneven zone, and described reflector according to the shape setting of described organic film thereon.
Top emission-type AMOLED provided by the invention, one side at the relative luminescent layer of organic film arranges uneven zone, and the reflector above organic film also has the uneven zone identical with organic film, and the light that luminescent layer is sent incides reflector and reflex time, changed the direction of propagation of light, make light reflected when luminescent layer is propagated to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED, have the propagation angle of part light less than the angle of light when luminescent layer is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED, can not form total reflection, and can be transmitted in the extraneous air environment of top emission-type AMOLED, reduce light and lose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of emission-type AMOLED in top in the prior art;
Fig. 2 propagates schematic diagram during top emission-type AMOLED light generation total reflection in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is top provided by the invention emission-type AMOLED generalized section;
Fig. 4 is that top provided by the invention emission-type AMOLED light is propagated schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that uneven zone provided by the invention is organic film and the reflector tangent plane structural representation of projection;
Fig. 6 a is that uneven zone provided by the invention is the organic film of sunk area and reflector tangent plane structural representation;
Fig. 6 b is that uneven zone provided by the invention is the organic film vertical view of sunk area;
Fig. 6 c is the organic film vertical view that uneven zone provided by the invention has the sunk area of different-diameter;
Fig. 7 propagates schematic diagram for the light that reflector provided by the invention has the female parts spheroid;
Fig. 8 A be reflector provided by the invention when adopting the female parts spheroid form light receive simulate effect figure;
Light received simulate effect figure when Fig. 8 B adopted smooth surface for the reflector that provides in the prior art;
Fig. 9 is projection and the organic film of depression and the tangent plane schematic diagram in reflector of being crisscross arranged for uneven zone provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Top emission-type AMOLED provided by the invention, by the one side at the relative luminescent layer of organic film uneven zone is set, and the shape in the reflector above the organic film according to organic film arranges on it, avoided directly making in the reflector uneven zone, make the easier realization of technology, and because the reflector also has uneven zone in the one side of relative luminescent layer, the light that luminescent layer is sent incides reflector and reflex time, changed the direction of propagation of reflection ray, part light is propagated to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED through luminescent layer can not formed total reflection, and can be transmitted in the extraneous air environment of top emission-type AMOLED, reduce light and lose.
The embodiment of the invention one provides a kind of top emission-type AMOLED, as shown in Figure 3, the top emission-type AMOLED cross-sectional view that provides for the embodiment of the invention one, top emission-type AMOLED comprises substrate 1, transparent electrode layer 4, luminescent layer 5 and metal electrode layer 6 in the embodiment of the invention, and the organic film 2 on being formed between substrate 1 and the luminescent layer 5, the one side of described organic film 2 relative luminescent layers 5 is provided with uneven regional R, and reflector 3 according to the shape setting of organic film 2 thereon.
The top emission-type AMOLED that the embodiment of the invention provides, because the one side at organic film 2 relative luminescent layers 5 arranges uneven regional R, and the reflector above organic film 23 also has the uneven zone identical with organic film 2, the light that sends when luminescent layer 5 incides reflector 3 and reflex time, can change the direction of propagation of light, make light reflected when luminescent layer is propagated to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED, have the propagation angle of part light less than the angle of light when luminescent layer is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED, thereby can not form total reflection, and can be transmitted in the extraneous air environment of top emission-type AMOLED, reduce light and lose.
Preferably, can the regional R of unevenness in the embodiment of the invention be set to reduce the shape of the propagation angle of reflection ray, make light that luminescent layer 5 sends after 3 reflections of reflector, propagate propagation angle θ through luminescent layer 5 to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED again
1Less than the angle θ of light when luminescent layer 5 is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED
2Thereby make most reflection ray that total reflection not take place, thereby make most of light can both be transmitted in the extraneous air environment, be illustrated in figure 4 as the propagation angle that reduces reflection ray, in total reflection angle scope, light is propagated schematic diagram with its control.
Concrete; following examples of the present invention are incited somebody to action by reference to the accompanying drawings and practical application; shape to uneven zone in above-described embodiment; be described in further detail; certainly the shape in uneven zone can be multiple; be not limited to concrete shape related in the embodiment of the invention, any based on the invention of same idea of the present invention all in institute of the present invention protection range.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the invention two, the shape in uneven zone is made as ganoid projection, projection can change the propagation angle of reflection ray, therefore, when uneven zone is set to several ganoid whens projection, just can make light that luminescent layer 5 sends after reflector 3 is reflected, propagate the propagation angle θ of part light through luminescent layer 5 to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED again
1Less than the angle θ of light when luminescent layer 5 is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED
2
Simple for manufacture craft, and make the organic film picture on surface attractive in appearance, the shape of the projection in can the embodiment of the invention is set to the part spheroid of evagination, and the part spheroid of evagination is regular shape, the spheroid tangent plane parallel with organic film 2 place planar sections of evagination part is circular, circular diameter is less than 30um, be illustrated in figure 5 as several ganoid projectioies that has that the embodiment of the invention provides, and the organic film 2 and reflector 3 tangent plane structural representations of the part spheroid that is shaped as evagination of projection.
More preferred, shown in Fig. 6 b, the above-mentioned projection that is shaped as the part spheroid form of evagination in the embodiment of the invention, being matrix arranges, for technology realizes simple, and guaranteeing to be transmitted into amount of light in the air ambient, the spacing in the embodiment of the invention between the adjacent projection is not more than 10um, does not have spacing between the preferred adjacent protrusion.
Preferably, in order to make the amount of light that is transmitted in the extraneous air environment more, can between the adjacent protrusion that is the matrix arrangement shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6 b, the less projection of diameter be set.
Further, the preferred 0.5 μ m of the thickness of the above-mentioned organic film that relates to ~ 3 μ m in the embodiment of the invention, and the height of projection is less than the thickness of organic film.
The top emission-type AMOLED that the embodiment of the invention two provides, organic film 2 has the projection of the part spheroid form that is shaped as evagination with the uneven zone in reflector 3, and be the matrix arrangement, can make part light that full emission does not take place, thereby reduce light losing.
The embodiment of the invention three will provide a kind of more excellent embodiment, uneven zone is set to ganoid several sunk areas in the embodiment of the invention, and the sunk area surface is the part spheroid of indent with the dented space of the planar section formation of organic film 2, make light that luminescent layer 5 sends after 3 reflections of reflector, propagate the propagation angle θ of part light through luminescent layer 5 to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED again
1Less than the angle θ of light when luminescent layer 5 is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED
2
In the embodiment of the invention preferred female parts spheroid be shaped as regular shape, and the spheroid tangent plane parallel with organic film 2 place planar sections be circular, vertical tangent plane is regular semicircle, the diameter of circle is less than 30um, shown in Fig. 6 a.Same preferred, several depressions are the matrix arrangement in the embodiment of the invention, and the spacing between the adjacent recessed is not more than 10um, the relative luminescent layer that is depicted as the embodiment of the invention and provides as Fig. 6 b simultaneously has matrix to be arranged, and is shaped as the vertical view of organic film 2 of depression of the part spheroid form of indent.
Preferably, in order to make the amount of light that is transmitted in the extraneous air environment more, can between the adjacent recessed that is the matrix arrangement shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6 b, the less depression of diameter be set, shown in Fig. 6 c.
Further, the preferred 0.5 μ m of the thickness of the above-mentioned organic film that relates to ~ 3 μ m in the embodiment of the invention, and the degree of depth of depression is less than the thickness of organic film.
Further, because reflector 3 has the uneven zone identical with organic film 2 among above-mentioned Fig. 6 b, and should the unevenness zone be indent, plumb cut is the semicircle of rule, and (wherein R was the radius of curvature of spheroid when its radius of curvature satisfied R=2h, h is that the concave surface summit is to the distance of organic layer luminescence center), when the light of luminescent layer 5 emissions incides reflector 3, whole light is returned along normal direction, just the light that reflects as flashlight is a branch of parallel light rather than light from all directions, as shown in Figure 7.
In the embodiment of the invention, below with reference to concrete experimental data, carry out optical analog with Tracepro light simulation softward, organic film in above-described embodiment 2 uneven zones had indent, when plumb cut is the semicircular part spheroid form of rule, the light of light dash receiver receives simulate effect, is described in further details, and the light that the light dash receiver receives is the light that is transmitted in the extraneous air environment.
The preferred Alq3 of the material of luminescent layer 2 in the embodiment of the invention, Alq3 are a kind of common luminescent materials, and according to luminescent layer 2 thickness differences, its optical index scope can be in 1.8 ~ 2.1; And the material in reflector is preferably silver-colored in the embodiment of the invention, increases the reflectivity of light.
Be depicted as in the embodiment of the invention as Fig. 8 A, when the amount of light of luminescent layer 2 emissions was 1.5 ten thousand, light received simulate effect figure, and Fig. 8 B is in the emission-type organic light-emitting display device of top of the prior art, when the amount of light of luminescent layer 2 emissions still was 1.5 ten thousand, light received simulate effect figure.
When adopting existing top emission-type AMOLED structure, when the amount of light of luminescent layer 2 emissions is 1.5 ten thousand, in the absorbed luminous flux of the light that receives, minimum value is 0.00080044, and maximum is 294.12, mean value is 43.387, total luminous flux is 1.735W, and the luminous flux of the luminous flux/emission that receives is 0.34709, thereby can draw, received amount of light is 7487, and namely seeing through top emission-type AMOLED and being transmitted into airborne amount of light is 7487.Its simulation is shown in Fig. 8 B, and the minimum value of its luminous flux, maximum and mean value are all less.
When the amount of light of luminescent layer 2 emissions is 1.5 ten thousand, the absorbed luminous flux of the light that receives, minimum value is 0.00019366, maximum is 388.46, and mean value is 60.824, and total luminous flux is 2.433W, the luminous flux of the luminous flux/emission that receives is 0.48659, thereby can draw, received amount of light is 11740, and namely seeing through top emission-type AMOLED and being transmitted into airborne amount of light is 11740.Its simulation can be seen top provided by the invention emission-type AMOLED structure shown in Fig. 8 A, compared to existing technology, its luminous flux all is greatly improved.
The embodiment of the invention four provides another kind of more excellent embodiment, uneven zone can comprise convex shape among the embodiment two and the sunk area shape among the embodiment three in the embodiment of the invention, and projection and depression are crisscross arranged, finally form wave-like, be illustrated in figure 9 as the tangent plane schematic diagram of the organic film with the projection of being crisscross arranged and depression.
Further, the convex shape and the concave shape that relate among embodiment two and the embodiment three all are suitable for the embodiment of the invention, and something in common repeats no more.
The above-mentioned top emission-type AMOLED that provides in the embodiment of the invention, in the be crisscross arranged uneven zone of depression and projection of organic film 2 relative luminescent layers 5, reflector 3 according to the shape setting of organic film 2 thereon, have the depression and projection that are crisscross arranged equally, when light incides its surface, can change the propagation angle of reflection ray, make the part reflection ray when the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED is propagated, total reflection can not take place through luminescent layer, and can be transmitted in the extraneous air environment of top emission-type AMOLED, reduce light and lose.
Need to prove; the shape of the uneven regional R that relates among the present invention; do not limit to concrete shape related in the above embodiment of the present invention; it also can be other shape; any direction of propagation that can change reflection ray, with the control of the propagation angle of reflection ray in the shape of light through luminescent layer is propagated total reflection angle scope when total reflection takes place to the extraneous air of top emission-type AMOLED in all in protection scope of the present invention.
Further need to prove, though luminescent layer 5 tops also have multilayer, if the refractive index of subsurface material is less than the refractive index of upper layer of material then there is not total reflection; If the refractive index of subsurface material is greater than the refractive index of upper layer of material, then can change the propagation angle of reflection ray by reflector 3, make the part light emission in the extraneous air environment, the light of failing to pass through can repeatedly finally appear display device by reflecting, be transmitted in the extraneous air environment, prior art can improve largely and appear display device relatively, is transmitted into the light in the extraneous air environment.
Need to prove that further related various light are propagated in the diagram in the Figure of description of the present invention, in order better to represent the direction of propagation, ignored the refractive index difference between each layer in the display device.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (11)
1. a top emission-type active matric organic light emitting display AMOLED comprises: substrate and luminescent layer; It is characterized in that, also comprise: organic film and reflector; Concrete,
Described organic film is formed between described substrate and the described luminescent layer, and the one side of described relatively luminescent layer is provided with uneven zone, and described reflector according to the shape setting of described organic film thereon.
2. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the light that described luminescent layer sends is propagated to the extraneous air of described top emission-type AMOLED through described luminescent layer after described reflective layer reflects again, and propagation angle is θ
1, described θ
1Less than the angle θ of light when described luminescent layer is propagated the generation total reflection to the extraneous air of described top emission-type AMOLED
2
3. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described uneven zone is several ganoid projectioies, and the part spheroid that is shaped as evagination of described projection.
4. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described uneven zone is ganoid several sunk areas, and the dented space that the planar section of described sunk area surface and described organic film forms is the part spheroid of indent.
5. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described uneven zone comprises projection and the sunk area that is crisscross arranged, and the part spheroid that is shaped as evagination of described projection, described sunk area surface is the part spheroid of indent with the dented space of the planar section formation of described organic film.
6. as the arbitrary described top emission-type AMOLED of claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that the described spheroid tangent plane parallel with the planar section of described organic film is circular, the diameter of described circle is less than 30um.
7. as the arbitrary described top emission-type AMOLED of claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that described projection or depression are matrix arranges, and the spacing between adjacent protrusion or the depression is not more than 10um.
8. as the arbitrary described top emission-type AMOLED of claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that described projection or depression are matrix arranges, and also be provided with the less projection of diameter or depression between adjacent protrusion or the depression.
9. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described organic film is 0.5 μ m ~ 3 μ m, and the height of described projection or the degree of depth of depression are less than the thickness of described organic film.
10. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of described luminescent layer is Alq3, and its optical index is 1.8 ~ 2.1.
11. top emission-type AMOLED as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material in described reflector is silver.
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