WO2015089999A1

WO2015089999A1 - Organic light-emitting diode and display device

Info

Publication number: WO2015089999A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/078392
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董明; 王耸; 万冀豫; 杨同华; 张思凯
Original assignee: 京东方科技集团股份有限公司; 北京京东方显示技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-12-16
Filing date: 2014-05-26
Publication date: 2015-06-25
Also published as: CN103700774B; CN103700774A

Abstract

An organic light-emitting diode and a display device. The organic light-emitting diode comprises an underlay substrate (100) and at least one organic light-emitting unit (200) formed on the underlay substrate (100), wherein an outer-layer out-light surface of the organic light-emitting unit (200) is a convex curved surface. By way of designing the outer-layer out-light surface of the organic light-emitting unit (200) into a convex curved surface, the occurrence of a phenomenon of total reflection caused by a poor refractive index in the process of transmission of light transmitted by the organic light-emitting unit can be effectively reduced; and the light is limited in each structural layer, so that the interception rate of the light can be improved, thereby improving the utilization rate and brightness of the light, and therefore, the problem of low brightness of the organic light-emitting diode is solved.

Description

Organic light emitting diode and display device

The OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display is a self-luminous display, ^LCD (liquid crystal display), OLED display does not require a backlight, so the OLED display is lighter and thinner, and the OLED display is also With high brightness, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high response speed, wide operating temperature range, etc., it is increasingly used in various high performance display fields.

The luminescence mechanism of the OLED is that under the action of an applied electric field, electrons and holes are injected into the organic luminescent material from the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, thereby migrating, recombining, and attenuating and illuminating in the organic luminescent village material.

The structure of the existing organic light emitting diode OLED is as shown in FIG. 1 , and includes an anode layer 10 , a cathode layer 20 and an organic functional layer 30 between the two layers, and the organic functional layer 30 can be further It includes a plurality of functional layers including an electron transport layer (ETL) 31, a hole transport layer (HTL) 32, and an "Emitting Material Layer (EML) 33. And - giant. The cathode layer, the anode layer and the organic functional layer are all planar structures.

The organic light emitting diode (OLED) having the above structure has the following problems:

During the transmission, the light is obliquely incident on the interface between the two substances, and both refraction and reflection occur. When the light ray dense medium is directed to the light-dissipating medium, the refraction angle will be greater than the incident angle. When the incident angle is a certain value, the refraction angle is equal to 90°. The incident angle is called the critical angle. When the incident angle of the light is greater than the critical angle, Total reflection will occur and it will be completely unpermeable.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer of the organic light-emitting diode OLED of the prior art passes through the upper or lower anode or cathode material, a part of the light is reflected due to a certain incident angle thereof. When the incident angle is too large, full emission will occur, and this part of the light will be wasted to a large extent. An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting diode OLED capable of improving light utilization efficiency and degree:

The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

An organic light emitting diode comprising a base substrate and at least one organic light emitting unit formed on the base substrate; and an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit has a convex curved surface.

Further, the organic light emitting unit includes a first electrode layer, an organic functional layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially formed on the base substrate, and the organic functional layer includes an organic light emitting layer.

The interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode layer are both convex curved surfaces.

Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a convex curved surface having a convex arc shape.

Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer includes a part of a regular spherical surface.

Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a regular hemispherical surface.

Further, the first electrode layer is an anode layer; and the second electrode layer is a cathode layer.

Further, the organic light emitting diode further includes a reflective film for reflecting light emitted from the first electrode layer emitted from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer, the reflective film being formed on the substrate Above the substrate, between the substrate and the first electrode layer.

Further, the organic light emitting diode further includes a lens group for adjusting divergent light emitted from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit to linear light, wherein the lens group is disposed at a distance from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit One side of the base substrate.

Further, the organic light emitting diode OLED includes a first organic light emitting unit, a second organic light emitting unit, and a third organic light emitting unit.

The organic light-emitting layer of the first organic light-emitting unit is formed of a blue light-emitting material, the organic light-emitting layer of the second organic light-emitting unit is formed of a green light-emitting material, and the organic light-emitting layer of the third organic light-emitting unit A red luminescent material is formed. Further, the organic functional layer further includes a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer, and an electron transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode layer .

Further, the organic functional layer further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer.

A method for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode, comprising: forming a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface on a base substrate; forming a tantalum film layer on the base substrate by a film forming process, wherein the thin film layer is The arcuate protrusions form a first electrode layer having a convex curved surface corresponding to the position; a thin film layer constituting the organic functional layer and a thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer.

A display device comprising an organic light emitting diode as described above.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

In the above solution, by designing the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each structural layer, the interception rate of light can be increased, thereby increasing the interest rate and brightness of light, and solving the problem that the brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED is not high.

ΓΒ-ί '

1 is a schematic structural view of an organic light emitting diode OLED in the prior art;

2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art organic light emission::::: pole tube OLED light transmission in each plane junction i is totally reflected;

3 is a structural diagram of an organic light emitting diode OLED provided in the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of light propagation in each curved junction layer in the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3. detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described in the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to the problem that the light in the organic light-emitting unit of the organic light-emitting diode OLED in the prior art is totally reflected during the transmission of each structural layer, resulting in low light utilization efficiency and insufficient brightness. An organic light emitting diode (OLED) is provided which is capable of increasing the interest rate and brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED light.

As shown in FIG. 3, the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention includes a base substrate 100 and at least one organic light emitting unit 200 formed on the base substrate 100. The outer surface of the organic light emitting unit 200 is a light emitting surface. Convex surface.

In the above solution, by designing the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each of the structural layers, the interception ratio of light can be increased, thereby improving the light yield and brightness.

In this embodiment, each of the organic light emitting units 200 includes a first electrode layer 201, an organic functional layer 202, and a second electrode layer 203 sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, wherein the organic functional layer 202 includes The interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a convex curved surface.

2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of total reflection occurring when light is transmitted in each planar structural layer of an existing organic light emitting diode OLED; FIG. 4 is a view showing light transmitted in each convex curved structural layer of the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention; Schematic diagram of the time.

As shown in FIG. 2, when light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is transmitted to the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer of the planar structure layer, light is incident into the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer from various directions, and the incident angle is When it is larger than the critical angle, total reflection occurs and it is completely impenetrable.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the first electrode layer 201, the second electrode layer 203, and the organic light-emitting layer are designed as convex curved surfaces, the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is first in the curved structural layer with respect to the planar structure. When the electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203 is transmitted, when light is emitted in various directions and is incident on the first electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203, the incident angle of the light has little or no critical angle, which can effectively reduce Total reflection caused by the incident angle being too large beyond the critical angle.

It can be seen that the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer by designing the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 as a convex curved surface structure. The phenomenon of total reflection due to the difference in refractive index during the transmission of the electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 occurs, and the light is confined in each structural layer, thereby improving the intercept rate of light, thereby improving the utilization ratio of light and Brightness, solve the brightness of organic light-emitting diode OLED The problem.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 are convex curved surfaces. Further, further, the interface shape of the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 includes a part of a regular spherical surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a regular hemisphere.

It is to be understood that, in actual ffi, the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 may also be other convex curved structural layers, and only one preferred embodiment of the organic light emitting diode OLED is provided herein. The structure, but does not specifically define the convex curved shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203.

In addition, it should be noted that the first electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 may be an anode or a cathode. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode layer 201 is an anode (Anode) layer, and the second electrode layer 203 is a cathode (cathode) layer as an example.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the organic light-emitting: :::: pole tube OLED further includes a reflective film 400 formed on the base substrate 100 and located Between the base substrate 100 and the first electrode layer 201, the reflective film 400 can reflect the light emitted from the first electrode layer 201 from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer 203, thereby Further improve light utilization and brightness.

In addition, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the OLED OLED may further include a lens group 500 disposed on a side of the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit that is away from the substrate. The divergent light for emitting the outer surface of the organic light-emitting unit is adjusted to linear light.

In this embodiment, the lens group 500 is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 203 remote from the organic functional layer 202, and the lens group 500 can adjust the divergent light emitted by the convex second surface electrode layer 203 into Straight light.

Further, in an embodiment of the invention, the organic light emitting diode OLED may emit light of three colors or three or more colors. For example, the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors, and the organic light emitting diode OLED can include three organic light emitting units 200, that is, the first The organic light emitting layer of the first organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a blue light emitting material, and the second organic light emitting unit 200 is formed by the light emitting unit 200, the second organic light emitting unit 200, and the third organic light emitting unit 200. The organic light emitting layer is formed of a green light emitting material, and the organic light emitting layer in the third organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a red light emitting material.

It should be understood that, in practical applications, the number and order of the organic light emitting units 200 in the organic light emitting diode OLED are not limited, for example: the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors, but the organic The light emitting diode OLED may include four organic light emitting units 200, wherein the two organic light emitting units 200 simultaneously emit light of one color, and the order of the color of the light is not limited.

It should be noted that the organic light emitting diode OLED can also emit light of three or less colors, and the color of the light emitted by the organic light emitting diode OLED is not limited here.

In this embodiment, the organic functional layer 202 may further include a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer 201 and the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode. An electron transport layer between layers 203. It should be understood that, in practical applications, the organic functional layer 202 may further include an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, and the like.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3. In this embodiment, the organic functional layer 500 includes a hole injection layer 501, a hole transport layer 502, an organic light-emitting layer 503, an electron transport layer 504, and an electron injection layer 505 which are sequentially formed, wherein the interface shapes of the layers are convex curved surfaces. .

In the fabrication of the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention, the following processes may be employed: First, a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface is formed on the base substrate 100; and then, a film forming process is used on the substrate. Forming an ITO film layer on the substrate 100, the ITO film layer forming a convex curved first electrode layer 201 at a corresponding position of the arcuate protrusion;

Then, each of the thin film layers constituting the organic functional layer 202 and the thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer 203 are sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, that is, an organic light emitting diode OLED having a convex curved surface in each structural layer is obtained.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a display device comprising the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention. It is apparent that the display device provided by the present invention also has the beneficial effects brought about by the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that it is common to the art. The skilled person will be able to make improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and refinements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An organic light-emitting diode, the organic light-emitting diode comprising a substrate and at least one organic light-emitting unit formed on the substrate;

It is characterized in that the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit is a convex curved surface.

2. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the organic light-emitting unit includes a first electrode layer, an organic functional layer and a second electrode layer sequentially formed on the base substrate, the organic functional layer Includes an organic light-emitting layer.

3. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 2, wherein the interface shapes of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer are all convex curved surfaces.

4. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 3, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a convex arc-shaped convex curved surface.

5. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 4, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer includes a part of a regular spherical surface.

6. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 5, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a regular hemisphere.

7. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first electrode layer is an anode layer; the second electrode layer is a cathode layer.

8. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the organic light-emitting diode further includes a device for reflecting the light emitted from the first electrode layer emitted by the organic light-emitting layer to the A reflective film of the second electrode layer, the reflective film is formed on the base substrate and is located between the base substrate and the first electrode layer.

9. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the organic light-emitting diode further includes a lens group for adjusting the divergent light emitted from the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit into linear light. , the lens group is disposed on a side of the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit away from the base substrate.

10. The organic light emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the organic light emitting diode includes a first organic light emitting unit, a second organic light emitting unit and a third organic light emitting unit.

11. The organic light emitting diode according to claim 10, wherein the first organic light emitting diode The organic light-emitting layer in the unit is formed of blue light-emitting material, the organic light-emitting layer in the second organic light-emitting unit is formed of green light-emitting material, and the organic light-emitting layer in the third organic light-emitting unit is formed of red light-emitting material.

12. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the organic functional layer further includes a hole transport layer located between the organic light-emitting layer and the first electrode layer and a hole transport layer located between the organic light-emitting layer and the first electrode layer. an electron transport layer between the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode layer.

】3. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 12, wherein the organic functional layer further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer.

14. A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting diode, including:

Forming a transparent protrusion with a convex outer surface on the base substrate;

A film forming process is used to form a ΠΌ thin film layer on the base substrate, and the ΙΊΌ thin film layer forms a convex curved first electrode layer at a position corresponding to the arc-shaped protrusion;

A thin film layer constituting the organic functional layer and a thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer.

15. A display device, characterized in that it includes a display device as described in any one of claims 1 to 13