CN103278512A - Device and method for online detection on structural damage of solar panel by utilizing microwaves - Google Patents
Device and method for online detection on structural damage of solar panel by utilizing microwaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278512A CN103278512A CN2013101674990A CN201310167499A CN103278512A CN 103278512 A CN103278512 A CN 103278512A CN 2013101674990 A CN2013101674990 A CN 2013101674990A CN 201310167499 A CN201310167499 A CN 201310167499A CN 103278512 A CN103278512 A CN 103278512A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for online detection on the structural damage of a solar panel by utilizing microwaves. According to the device, an active microwave resonance cavity comprises a vector network analyzer, a frequency scanning source, a first isolator, a first tuner and a resonance cavity body which are connected sequentially; and a microwave signal processing system comprises a coupling probe which is positioned in the resonance cavity body, as well as an attenuator, a second tuner, a second isolator and a signal microprocessor circuit which are sequentially connected with the coupling probe. According to the method, microwave signals are transmitted into the surface of the detected solar panel through the resonance cavity body, one part of the microwave signals are absorbed and reflected while the other part of the microwave signals penetrate through the solar panel to reach a metal background to be transmitted totally; microwave-return signals are collected by the coupling probe and then processed by the signal microprocessor circuit, so that the instant resonance cavity frequency offset (Delta f) is obtained; and therefore, the structural damage of the detected solar panel can be detected. The device and the method provided by the invention can be used for performing the real-time online monitoring on the structural damage condition of the solar panel, so that the requirement of nondestructive detection on the solar panel in a production line is satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar panels structural damage detection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of device and method that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage.
Background technology
China's solar panel output was 2895MW in 2008, reached 4382MW in 2009, accounted for 40% of global output, and China has become the big solar panel of the first in the world worthy of the name producing country.2010, the output of domestic photovoltaic cell reached 7GW, wherein was outlet more than 90%.The market trend of the solar panels material that China regenerative resource association estimates, the demand in the whole world in 2013 will be three times in 2008.There are 443 families in China approximately in the solar panel and the assembly production firm that produce, has formed the full industrial chain manufacturing enterprise that is prepared into that solar components produces from silicon, and its production capacity leaps into the front ranks of the world.The present positive rapid growth of green energy resource demand, the solar panel output of China continue to enlarge rapidly and vigorously, will cause enterprise to the demand of cell panel structure damage check equipment.
The solar cell panel structure damage check is the critical workflow in solar panel or the assembly generative process, because the silicon materials solar panel is formed by polycrystalline or the section of monocrystal bar usually, each link in process of production all breakage might occur, produces latently to split, fragment, collapse defectives such as limit, rosin joint, section grid.If slice thickness reduces, can reduce the use amount of silicon materials, reduce cost, reduce energy consumption.But the thing followed is the increase of breakage rate, and the control of producing each link is required stricter, otherwise runs counter to desire.Producer's silicon wafer thickness is about 200 microns mostly, and Ying Li group has accomplished that thickness is about 180 microns.Preparation technology's general sequence of battery is that prepare on the forming silicon film surface, knot is made in diffusion, removes back of the body knot, makes upper/lower electrode, corrodes periphery, evaporation antireflecting film, makes silicon solar cell at last.Wherein the effect of electrode is to export electric energy, and antireflective film is in order to improve the power of output.Because the technological process link of making is many, and is strict to preparation condition, so the mass defect of battery is difficult to avoid.Show as: 1) film of Cheng Xinging may exist cut, crackle; 2) surface of adherence of silicon fiml and antireflective film is gapped; 3) may there be pore to exist in the antireflective film of evaporation.These defectives mostly naked eyes are invisible, so need the equipment that a kind of sensitivity is accurate, can detect incipient defect.The defective of solar panel has influenced serviceable life and the efficient of battery greatly, and the quality that improves cell panel just becomes quite important.If can after each production link is finished, find breakage, just can in time adjust the running status of production equipment, thus qualification rate and the product hierarchy of product improved, so just need a large amount of online structural damage detection equipment.
At present, there are infrared scan detection and electroluminescence to detect two kinds from detecting principle.The infrared scan detection method adopts the LASER Light Source of certain wavelength, and solar panel is carried out point by point scanning, and corresponding light activated element detects defect situation.This method is long detection time to the large scale solar panel, and imaging is coarse, and the scanning mechanism complexity.The electroluminescence detection method, when utilizing the energising of solar panel PN junction forward exactly, electronics and hole-recombination release energy with the form of launching photon.Owing to there is junction resistance, also can produce heat simultaneously, send infrared radiation.Defective part does not have electron transfer, just can make cell panel tangible blackening occur, adopts the image of the method acquisition solar cell dash-board injury of shooting.This method does not need scanning mechanism, and device structure is simpler, but exists cost height, color to show limited, as to be subjected to ambient light effects, process complexity shortcoming yet.And at present the solar panel defects detection equipment produced of domestic manufacturers mostly is off-line type, is used for sampling observation, can not onlinely detect, and is difficult to satisfy the harsh day by day requirement of photovoltaic enterprise.The online detection of solar cell dash-board injury has become the emphasis of present research.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and method that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage, pick-up unit of the present invention and method can realize the monitoring to the real-time online of solar panel degree of impairment, satisfy the requirement to the cell panel Non-Destructive Testing on the production line.
Principle of the present invention is: the microwave emissive power that detection system adopts generally in several milliwatts between tens milliwatts, all can ignore the intensification effect of different materials microwave, can think that therefore microwave emissive power and received power are basic identical, i.e. no power waste.On the other hand, the relative dielectric constant of solar panel (silicon materials) is about 11.9, and fault location is air, and relative dielectric constant is 1.When relative dielectric constant was big, reflectivity was just little, and absorptivity is big; Relative dielectric constant hour, in contrast.Microwave is when the dielectric substance internal communication, and polarization phenomena will take place material.But the magnetic permeability of silicon and air all is 1, and loss tangent is 0, so have only the difference of relative dielectric constant.In microwave frequency band, the specific inductive capacity of cracks with do not have comparing of cracks low, therefore a small amount of variation in the measurand will cause its composite dielectric constant, and great changes will take place, can determine its damage according to the variation of the relative dielectric constant of measured matter.
For reaching above purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of device that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage comprises active microwave cavity, microwave signal disposal system and degree of impairment LED light 13; Described active microwave cavity comprises vector network analyzer 1, frequency sweeping source 2, the first isolator 3-1, the first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body 6 that connects successively; Described microwave signal disposal system comprises the coupling probe 7 that places in the resonant cavity 6, the attenuator 11, the second tuner 4-2, the second isolator 3-2 and the signal microprocessor circuit 12 that are connected successively with coupling probe 7.
The described first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body 6 connects by concentric cable 5.
The Device Testing method of utilizing the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage described above, at first the resonant cavity 6 with device is fixed on tested solar panel top, then by vector network analyzer 1 controlled frequency scan source 2, the first isolator 3-1, the first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body, 6 transmission frequencies are the microwave signal 8 of 3～20GHz enters tested solar panel 9 by the resonant cavity opening surface, a part is absorbed reflection, a part penetrates tested solar panel 9 to metal background 10 surfaces and total reflection takes place, pick up echoed signal by coupling probe 7 then, this echoed signal is via attenuator 11, the second tuner 4-2 and the second isolator 3-2 handle, and compared by the resonator cavity frequency under signal microprocessor circuit 12 and the zero defect situation of demarcating in advance and to obtain instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, can learn the structural damage degree of tested solar panel by instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, and show corresponding degree of impairment LED light 13.
The present invention applies to active microwave cavity on the solar panel damage check, and this resonator cavity is sensor, is again an ingredient of oscillator, and this device can be fixed on the production line, allows cell panel to be detected pass through.When having the cell panel that has defective to pass through under the resonator cavity, only need to measure instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, just can record the respective battery plate has zero defect.Utilize microcontroller circuit, can obtain the higher detection precision.The microwave emissive power of this system is about 10mW, and the scattering microwave radiation during work is pollution-free to environment and human body, and security is higher and be not subjected to ambient light effects, and cost is low.And microwave measurement defective technology has rapidly, continuously, does not contact with measured object, resolving power height, advantage such as safe and simple.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is pick-up unit synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in drawings, a kind of device that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage of the present invention comprises active microwave cavity, microwave signal disposal system and degree of impairment LED light 13; Described active microwave cavity comprises vector network analyzer 1, frequency sweeping source 2, the first isolator 3-1, the first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body 6 that connects successively; Described microwave signal disposal system comprises the coupling probe 7 that places in the resonant cavity 6, the attenuator 11, the second tuner 4-2, the second isolator 3-2 and the signal microprocessor circuit 12 that are connected successively with coupling probe 7.The described first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body 6 connects by concentric cable 5.Solar panel 9 is detected object, and it is in order to allow microwave generation total reflection, not so to pick up less than echoed signal that metal background 10 is set.
As shown in drawings, the present invention utilizes the device detection method of the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage, at first the resonant cavity 6 with device is fixed on tested solar panel top, then by vector network analyzer 1 controlled frequency scan source 2, the first isolator 3-1, the first tuner 4-1 resonant cavity body, 6 transmission frequencies are the microwave signal 8 of 3～20GHz enters tested solar panel 9 by the resonant cavity opening surface, a part is absorbed reflection, a part penetrates tested solar panel 9 to metal background 10 surfaces and total reflection takes place, pick up echoed signal by coupling probe 7 then, this echoed signal is via attenuator 11, the second tuner 4-2 and the second isolator 3-2 handle, and compared by the resonator cavity frequency under signal microprocessor circuit 12 and the zero defect situation of demarcating in advance and to obtain instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, can learn the structural damage degree of tested solar panel by instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, and show corresponding degree of impairment LED light 13.
Embodiment
Choose six of the intact solar silicon wafers of 125*125mm specification, make following defective respectively by wire cutting machine: the silicon chip that (1) is intact; (2) duck eye of diameter 1mm; (3) hole of diameter 1.5mm; (4) hole of diameter 2mm; (5) cut of length 5mm; (6) crackle of length 5mm.
Utilize said apparatus as shown in table 1 to the sample measurement resonance frequency shift amount evaluation result of six kinds of different degree of impairments:
Table 1
Pilot lamp 1 is green light in the table 1; Pilot lamp 2 is red light, and the expression solar silicon wafers has damage.
By experimental result as can be known, the threshold value of this measurement device defective is 1mm.Be difficult for causing the skew of resonance frequency smaller or equal to the defective of 1mm, can't measure; And obvious greater than the skew of the defective resonance frequency of 1mm, be easy to measure.
Claims (3)
1. a device that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage is characterized in that: comprise active microwave cavity, microwave signal disposal system and degree of impairment LED light (13); Described active microwave cavity comprises vector network analyzer (1), frequency sweeping source (2), first isolator (3-1), first tuner (4-1) the resonant cavity body (6) that connects successively; Described microwave signal disposal system comprises the coupling probe (7) that places in the resonant cavity (6), the attenuator (11), second tuner (4-2), second isolator (3-2) and the signal microprocessor circuit (12) that are connected successively with coupling probe (7).
2. a kind of device that utilizes the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first tuner (4-1) resonant cavity body (6) connects by concentric cable (5).
3. claim 1 or the 2 described Device Testing methods of utilizing the online detection solar panels of microwave structural damage, it is characterized in that: at first the resonant cavity (6) with device is fixed on tested solar panel top, then by vector network analyzer (1) controlled frequency scan source (2), first isolator (3-1), first tuner (4-1) resonant cavity body (6) transmission frequency is the microwave signal (8) of 3～20GHz enters tested solar panel (9) by the resonant cavity opening surface, a part is absorbed reflection, a part penetrates tested solar panel (9) to metal background (10) surface and total reflection takes place, pick up echoed signal by coupling probe (7) then, this echoed signal is via attenuator (11), second tuner (4-2) and second isolator (3-2) are handled, and compared by the resonator cavity frequency under signal microprocessor circuit (12) and the zero defect situation of demarcating in advance and to obtain instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, can learn the structural damage degree of tested solar panel by instant resonator cavity frequency offset Δ f, and show corresponding degree of impairment LED light (13).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104713883A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Rapid detection and automatic identification method for large-area space solar battery array defects |
| CN104965004A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 四川大学 | Steel bar coaxial cable structure one-dimensional concrete health monitoring method and step tester |
| CN108459306A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-08-28 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | A kind of radar head-shield laser damage effect method for real-timely testing and device |
| CN108918555A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州伟尼特美智能科技有限公司 | Monitoring Corrosion system and corrosion monitoring process based on HF RFID |
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| CN2708305Y (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2005-07-06 | 上海复旦微电子股份有限公司 | Physical damage discriminating device for non-contact IC card |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104713883A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Rapid detection and automatic identification method for large-area space solar battery array defects |
| CN104713883B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-08-25 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Large area space solar battery array defect quick detection and automatic identifying method |
| CN104965004A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 四川大学 | Steel bar coaxial cable structure one-dimensional concrete health monitoring method and step tester |
| CN104965004B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-11-03 | 四川大学 | The one-dimensional concrete health monitor method of reinforcing bar coaxial cable structure and step test instrument |
| CN108459306A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-08-28 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | A kind of radar head-shield laser damage effect method for real-timely testing and device |
| CN108459306B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2021-11-26 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Method and device for testing laser damage effect of radar hood in real time |
| CN108918555A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州伟尼特美智能科技有限公司 | Monitoring Corrosion system and corrosion monitoring process based on HF RFID |
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