CN103277108A - Slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method - Google Patents
Slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103277108A CN103277108A CN2013101379190A CN201310137919A CN103277108A CN 103277108 A CN103277108 A CN 103277108A CN 2013101379190 A CN2013101379190 A CN 2013101379190A CN 201310137919 A CN201310137919 A CN 201310137919A CN 103277108 A CN103277108 A CN 103277108A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method which is characterized by comprising main technological processes including end strengthening, end freezing, tunnel portal chiseling, foundation trench backfilling, shield tunneling machine arrival and subsequent construction. According to the slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method, when a shield tunneling machine arrives under the working conditions of deep earthing and high water pressure, an end cannot lower the water level or the lowered water level cannot meet the desired effect, and then the underwater arrival construction method can be adopted. Under the conditions that not enough site is provided for end strengthening or not enough auxiliary measures for the dewatering are provided, the safe and effective slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method can also be adopted. The slurry shield tunneling machine underwater arrival construction method has the advantages of being safe, reliable, small in effect on ground surface and the like. The time when the whole shield tunneling machine arrives is obviously shortened, and the quality of splicing tube pipes is good.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of tunneling shield construction, belongs to the constructing tunnel field, relates in particular to a kind of slurry shield and arrives construction under water.
Background technology
Along with the application in fields such as at home urban track traffic of slurry shield, highway communication, water conservancy and hydropower, gas transmission engineering more and more widely, the slurry shield construction technology is increasingly mature, the safety problem of slurry shield construction also has been subjected to showing great attention to.Various problems often appear in constructing in the shield launching of building, built the slurry shield engineering, arrival subitem construction, especially arrival in recent years, and are near and accidents caused.Particularly the construction risk that the shield structure arrives under dark earthing, high hydraulic pressure, bad ground work condition state still can't effectively be evaded, and in case when when the shield structure arrives a large amount of muddy water taking place and gushing Important Project dangerous situations such as causing ground settlement, owing to lack effectively, rapidly and the processing means of definitely guaranteeing, catastrophic engineering accident very likely take place at short notice.
At present, adopt more arrival technology to be the construction technology of received well soil body improvement in conjunction with precipitation, but under high buried depth, complex geological condition, often be difficult to produce a desired effect.For this reason, slurry shield being arrived (missing the stop) operation under water, to summarize, form worker's method very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: at disadvantages of background technology, the invention provides a kind of slurry shield and arrive construction under water, at dark earthing, the termination can't carry out can adopting and arriving job practices under water under the situation that conventional precipitation or precipitation can not produce a desired effect when high hydraulic pressure work condition state shield structure arrived (missing the stop); Do not have enough places carries out also can adopting this kind to arrive method safely and effectively under the situation of ancillary methods such as termination reinforcing or precipitation in the termination.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that, the main technique flow process of described construction is: the termination reinforces, freeze the termination, portal cuts, pit backfill, shield structure arrive, follow-up construction;
It is to adopt the triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake that described termination reinforces, utilize rig the Grouting Pipe that has nozzle, pierce the precalculated position of soil layer, then the form of slurries with high-pressure spray penetrated in nozzle, the impact failure soil body, the soil layer that the high-pressure spray cutting blends, being particle disperses, a part is taken out of boring by slurries and water, another part then mixes with slurries, and along with slurries mix, shotcrete pipe constantly promotes with 360 ° of revolutions, along with solidifying of slurries, form the solid that adds with certain intensity and impervious ability effect;
Described termination frozen construction technology comprises preparation of construction, drilling construction, Freezing Station installation, monitoring system is installed and frigo is installed, actively freeze to freeze with maintenance, cell wall is abolished, the freezing pipe backfill;
Described portal cuts according to the top-down order that cuts, and will efflux main muscle earlier and all cut off, and cuts outside diaphragm wall then, cuts in the process, strictly observes job specfication and tells somebody what one's real intentions are, and finds that portal infiltration phenomenon stops to cut handling at once; Guarantee to reserve the portal headroom and be not less than Φ 7200, suitable unsuitable little greatly, guarantee not wipe when the shield structure passes through the extension agent structure;
Described pit backfill be portal cut finish after, use pre-configured wet concrete that foundation ditch is carried out backfill, backfill height is standard to surpass portal top 2m; After the backfill wet concrete reaches certain intensity, get final product recharge water in the foundation ditch to groundwater table absolute altitude place, preparation was all finished before so far shield machine arrived;
Described shield structure arrives step and needs shield structure arrival construction parameter is set, and comprises that setting, the control of driving attitude, the driving speed of water and soil pressure set, synchronous grouting control;
Described follow-up construction is after treating that shield machine arrives, to carry out secondary grouting in the hole, carries out the space between shutoff section of jurisdiction and the ventilating shaft structure; The scope of secondary grouting is the portal inner ten, treats that the complete shutoff of secondary grouting annotates the space between section of jurisdiction and the structure, begins follow-up construction, comprises secondary excavation backfill, carries out the shield structure and tear machine, construction portal open; If in follow-up work progress, occur leaking, need after-teeming again, till no longer leaking.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described termination reinforcing construction process flow process comprises the steps:
(1) the location unwrapping wire is decided the position, hole by the designing requirement unwrapping wire, the hole biased poor≤50mm, and accurately measure the aperture ground elevation;
(2) boring: adopt rotary drilling rig to creep into, in the drilling process, must guarantee the verticality of boring;
(3) playpipe under: adopt high spray booth car to move to the aperture, should carry out ground examination spray earlier to adjust expulsion pressure, following playpipe is to designing spray penetration;
(4) slurrying: select P.O.42.5 level Portland cement for use, water/binder ratio 1:1 makes and fully stirs according to the mortar consumption of every pile, and mixing time is less than 3 minutes must not use, and the slurries that surpass the initial setting time also must not use; Mortar is through the filtration of twice screen pack, in case nozzle stops up; Mortar in the suction slurry storing tank will ceaselessly stir;
(5) spray to promote: playpipe begins to send into satisfactory slurries down to projected depth, treats that slurries emerge behind the aperture, i.e. hoisting velocity on request, rotary speed, begin injection, rotation from bottom to top, promote, to the whole spray height stop-spraying of design, and propose playpipe;
(6) recharge: jet grouting utilizes cement paste to recharge, till hole entoplasm liquid level does not sink after finishing;
(7) flushing: AEI After End of Injection, should be in time that pipe flushing is clean, with anti-clogging.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described termination frozen construction technology specifically comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of construction: because drilling construction is all at Ground Operation, the place needs to satisfy Freezing Station and arranges and the punching demand; The frozen construction electricity consumption is directly supplied with by the building site power distribution room;
(2) drilling construction: comprise freezing pipe, thermometer hole pipe, feed pipe, salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring and cooling water pipe specification are carried out type selecting; To the rig type selecting; Arrange freezing hole, freezing hole spacing 1m, 2 rows are set, array pitch 1m, first array pitch is from space enclosing structure 0.5m, and hole depth is to the following 4m in portal bottom, both sides are freezed body and are guaranteed to be not less than 3m apart from the portal side, the biased difference in hole should be greater than 50mm, freezing pipe specification φ 127 * 5mm, and the boring actual grade is than the big 0.5m of design; Adopt salt solution or liquid nitrogen freezing; φ 127 follow-up borings are selected in the freezing hole perforate for use;
(3) Freezing Station is installed: three covers of W-YSLGF600 II type screw rod unit are selected in the Freezing Station design for use, and Freezing Station is arranged in a side, and 3 units are installed in parallel, and are standby mutually; Station equipment mainly comprises electric cabinet, refrigerator, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and clear water reserviors;
(4) monitoring system is installed and the frigo installation: pipeline connection, insulation and test instrumentation are installed: salt solution is connected with flange with cooling water pipeline, and pipeline is answered fixation; Go, setting pressure table, thermometer, flow meter, control valve on loop saline line and the cooling water circulation line; Saline line adopts the polystyrene foam plastics insulation, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the insulation layer outside;
(5) actively freeze to freeze with maintenance: in the freezing process otherwise discontinuity detection is gone, the loop brine temp, brine flow, frost wall spread scenarios are regulated in case of necessity and are freezed system operational parameters; In actively freezing, judge that whether frost wall is handed over circle and reached design thickness, enter maintenance according to freezing curtain stability and freeze, but brine temp can not be higher than-18 ℃ according to temperature data;
(6) cell wall is abolished: freeze after 30 days according to calculate determine to hand over circle after, at portal the some inspecting holes of beating of distribution are arranged earlier before cell wall is abolished, with the glued situation of judgement frozen soil and cell wall; The inspecting hole degree of depth should enter 10～15cm in the plain concrete barricade, then, adopt high-precision thermometer or temperature measurer to measure, require each inspecting hole observed temperature must be lower than-2 ℃, when judging that by inspecting hole observed temperature and horizontal thermometer hole observed temperature frozen soil wall and the fully reliable gluing of cell wall can reach whole broken walls;
(7) freezing pipe backfill: treat portal abolish finish after, freezing pipe is pulled out and the slip casting shutoff, take repeatedly a small amount of mode to carry out the shutoff backfill in case of necessity, with guarantee the shield structure by the time can not produce the situation of pressure leakages fluctuation by freezing hole;
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: freezing pipe is selected φ 127 * 5mm for use in the step (2), and 20# mild steel seamless steel pipe, pipe collar add the manual electric arc welding welding; The thermometer hole pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use; Feed pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm for use, seamless steel pipe, and employing is welded to connect; Salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring are selected φ 219 * 6mm, seamless steel pipe for use; Cooling water pipe is selected φ 133 * 4.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: rig is selected stronger 2 constructions of YGL-100 type down-the-hole hammer drill machine of boring ability, power of motor 75KW/ platform for use in the step (2); Mud circulation is selected 4 in BW-850/50 type slush pump for use, power of motor 55KW/ platform; The sleeve pipe deviational survey uses the light deviational survey, adopts JDT-5 type gyrolevel deviational survey to guarantee the boring vertical precision in case of necessity.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the method that the setting of described water and soil pressure is taked is: the water and soil pressure that calculates portal circle top according to stratum, termination geological condition and groundwater table absolute altitude, calculate the backfill in the foundation ditch and the height of pouring water according to this pressure, and set the pressure in air pressure storehouse at shield machine.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the measure that the control of described driving attitude is taked is: before the shield structure arrives, check shield excavation attitude by the measurement group, guarantee the correct of shield excavation attitude; When the shield structure arrived, driving attitude level, vertical missing control were in ± 5mm; When the shield structure passed through ventilating shaft, because ventilating shaft is on the circular curve that radius is 350m, the shield structure needed horizontal attitude is taked in advance partially in advance before passing through ventilating shaft, avoids shield machine can't tunnel by design route in fill concrete, and then can't pass through the countermeasure portal; Horizontal departure is to the pre-15mm partially of turn direction, and control is in+20-+15, and vertical missing control is in ± 5mm.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described driving speed is set the measure of taking and is: tunnel in termination stabilization zone and fill concrete, must strictly control shield driving speed; When entering stabilization zone from normal stratum or entering normal stratum from stabilization zone, shield driving speed is controlled in 10mm/min-15mm/min; Driving speed control is in 15mm/min-20mm/min in stabilization zone and fill concrete.
Aforesaid slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the measure that described synchronous grouting control is taked is: in the construction operation process that the shield structure arrives under water, must strictly control synchronous grouting quality, the hole between shutoff section of jurisdiction and the agent structure; Grouting quality is taked pressure and the dual control of grouting amount, and grouting pressure is greater than 1.2 times of formation water soil pressures, and grouting amount is 1.5-2.1 times of space between section of jurisdiction and the structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: slurry shield arrive under water (missing the stop) construction have safe and reliable, to very little, the whole shield structure of face of land influence arrive (missing the stop) time significantly reduce, characteristics such as the pipe sheet assembling quality is good.
(1) safe and reliable, risk is little: adopt when arriving (missing the stop) under water, arrive that to carry out backfill in (missing the stop) foundation ditch be that principle with the water and soil pressure balanced design is foundation, fully guaranteed the pressure balance in outside water and soil pressure and arrival (missing the stop) foundation ditch, water burst can not take place gush accidents such as sand; Need not adopt ancillary methods such as precipitation for arriving (missing the stop) termination, can fully guarantee the stability on the face of land, termination, can not cause the sedimentation aggravation of the face of land when the shield structure passes through, fully guarantee the safety of building and pipeline; The termination is carried out that among a small circle the face of land reinforces and freezing, guaranteed the safety that portal cuts effectively, and the stability of portal circle during backfill in the excavation pit.
(2) the shield structure arrives (missing the stop) time weak point: after preliminary preparation is finished, shield machine directly driving passes through the termination stabilization zone, directly tunnel backfill after passing through portal, arrive assigned address, to calculate about the conventional length 10m of shield machine, under the normal condition in the driving 12 hours shield machine namely arrive assigned address and shut down, finish the shield structure and arrive; This worker's method shield structure is disposable by ventilating shaft, need not to adopt conventional sky to push through the station mode, needn't carry out secondary again and start, about 10 days of reduction of erection time.
(3) the pipe sheet assembling quality improves: after cutter head of shield machine supports portal, because arriving backfill and the pressurization of pouring water in (missing the stop) well under water, the inside and outside water and soil pressure of well is in a basic balance, therefore in (missing the stop) process of arrival, shield machine thrust changes less, can fully guarantee near the circumferential weld waterproof quality of the pipe sheet assembling of portal, effectively prevent near the generation of the section of jurisdiction of portal circle faulting of slab ends phenomenon.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that slurry shield of the present invention arrives the construction principle schematic under water.
Fig. 2 is termination of the present invention rotary jet strengthening construction process chart.
Fig. 3 is termination of the present invention frozen construction process chart.
Fig. 4 is freezing hole arrangement diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is pit backfill schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within the listed claims limited range of the application.
As shown in Figure 1, arrive the construction principle schematic under water for shield structure of the present invention.At shield structure received well or wait to pass through foundation ditch bottom backfill wet concrete to portal top certain altitude, pour water to the groundwater table height in top then, with the water and soil pressure inside and outside the balance vertical shaft, avoid the shield structure to arrive portal circle in (passing through) process since not the slip casting sealing water burst occurs, gush accident such as sand, thereby the shield structure of finishing of safety arrives (missing the stop).
Slurry shield of the present invention arrives construction under water, and its construction technology process is:
Reinforcing → termination, termination freezes → and portal cuts → and pit backfill → shield structure arrives (missing the stop) → follow-up construction
Be example with somewhere cross-river tunnel engineering practice of construction situation below, introduce slurry shield of the present invention in detail and arrive the concrete construction sequence of construction under water.
The termination reinforces
Cross-river tunnel arrives in (missing the stop) construction under water in the somewhere, after finishing in the termination reinforcing, the auxiliary termination frozen construction that carried out before portal cuts, to guarantee that portal cuts soil stabilization and the waterproof effect in the process, so the main purpose that the termination reinforces is to guarantee that the shield structure guarantees the stable of end soil body in passing through the process that adds solid and after the shield structure arrives (missing the stop), the stability of portal circle during the interior backfill of excavation pit.Therefore the importance of termination reinforcing weakens a little, and termination, right threaded list road reinforces only 3m of length when somewhere cross-river tunnel shield machine arrives.
The termination reinforces adopts the triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake, its principle is to utilize rig the Grouting Pipe that has nozzle, pierce the precalculated position of soil layer, then the form of slurries with high-pressure spray penetrated in nozzle, the impact failure soil body, the soil layer that the high-pressure spray cutting blends, being particle disperses, a part is taken out of boring by slurries and water, another part then mixes with slurries, and along with slurries mix, shotcrete pipe constantly promotes with 360 ° of revolutions, along with solidifying of slurries, form the solid that adds with certain intensity and impervious ability effect.
1.1 termination rotary jet strengthening construction technological process
As shown in Figure 2, be termination of the present invention rotary jet strengthening construction process chart.
(1) location unwrapping wire
Decide the position, hole by the designing requirement unwrapping wire, the hole biased poor≤50mm, and accurately measure the aperture ground elevation.
(2) boring
The employing rotary drilling rig creeps into, and in the drilling process, must note observing the working condition of rig at any time, and must guarantee the verticality of boring.
(3) playpipe under
High spray booth car is moved to the aperture, carry out ground examination spray earlier to adjust expulsion pressure.For preventing that water nozzle and valve from stopping up, available adhesive plaster wrapping before the following pipe.Following playpipe is to designing spray penetration.
(4) slurrying
Select P.O.42.5 level Portland cement for use, water/binder ratio 1:1 makes and fully stirs according to the mortar consumption of every pile, and mixing time is less than 3 minutes must not use, and the slurries that surpass the initial setting time also must not use; Mortar is through the filtration of twice screen pack, in case nozzle stops up; Mortar in the suction slurry storing tank will ceaselessly stir.
(5) spray lifting
Playpipe begins to send into satisfactory slurries down to projected depth.Treat that slurries emerge behind the aperture, i.e. hoisting velocity on request, rotary speed begin from bottom to top to spray, rotation, promote, and to the height of the spray eventually stop-spraying of design, and propose playpipe.
(6) recharge:
Jet grouting utilizes cement paste to recharge, till hole entoplasm liquid level does not sink after finishing.
(7) flushing:
AEI After End of Injection should be in time clean with pipe flushing, with anti-clogging.
1.2 churning major parameter control
The termination reinforces the main construction parameter of jet grouting pile construction such as table 1.1.
Table 1 rotary-spraying construction parameter list
| Project | Nozzle diameter (mm) | Rotary speed (r/min) | Hoisting velocity (mm/min) | Slurry flow (L/min) | Hydraulic pressure (Mpa) | Slurry is pressed (Mpa) | Air pressure (Mpa) |
| Construction parameter | 2.0 | 20 | 110～200 | 60～120 | 38 | 0.3～1 | 0.5～0.7 |
Freeze 2 terminations
2.1 termination frozen construction technological process
Fig. 3 is seen in termination frozen construction technological process.
2.2 preparation of construction
(1) since drilling construction all at Ground Operation, the place can satisfy that Freezing Station is arranged and the punching demand.
(2) the frozen construction electricity consumption is directly supplied with by the building site power distribution room.
2.3 drilling construction
(1) freezing pipe, thermometer hole pipe, feed pipe, salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring and cooling water pipe specification
Freezing pipe is selected φ 127 * 5mm for use, and 20# mild steel seamless steel pipe, pipe collar add the manual electric arc welding welding.The thermometer hole pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use.Feed pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm for use, seamless steel pipe, and employing is welded to connect.Salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring are selected φ 219 * 6mm, seamless steel pipe for use.Cooling water pipe is selected φ 133 * 4.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use.
(2) rig type selecting
Select stronger 2 constructions of YGL-100 type down-the-hole hammer drill machine of boring ability for use, power of motor 75KW/ platform; Mud circulation is selected 4 in BW-850/50 type slush pump for use, power of motor 55KW/ platform.The sleeve pipe deviational survey uses the light deviational survey, adopts JDT-5 type gyrolevel deviational survey to guarantee the boring vertical precision in case of necessity.
(3) freezing hole quality requirement
Arrange freezing hole according to freezing hole arrangement diagram (Fig. 4), freezing hole spacing 1m, 2 rows are set, array pitch 1m, first array pitch is from space enclosing structure 0.5m, and hole depth is to the following 4m in portal bottom, both sides are freezed body and are guaranteed to be not less than 3m apart from the portal side, the biased difference in hole should be greater than 50mm, freezing pipe specification φ 127 * 5mm, and the boring actual grade is than the big 0.5m of design.
Consider conventional construction means and cost factor in the construction, adopt brine freezing more, if consider the duration factor, can adopt liquid nitrogen.
(4) freezing hole perforate
φ 127 follow-up borings are directly selected in the freezing hole perforate for use.
(5) freezing hole boring and Freezing Station are installed
1. press fixedly rig of freezing hole orientation, the repair welding of freezing pipe screw thread is gone up the plug seal header joints after the freezing hole below puts in place.
2. for guaranteeing the rig accuracy, constantly adjust the rig position.
3. the interior Guan Qianying of hand-hole elder generation pipe arrangement under the freezing pipe guarantees the freezing pipe concentricity.
4. after finish the freezing pipe below shutoff is carried out in the space, ground.
2.4 Freezing Station is installed
Three covers of W-YSLGF600 II type screw rod unit are selected in the Freezing Station design for use, and Freezing Station is arranged in a side, and 3 units are installed in parallel, can be standby mutually.
(1) Freezing Station is arranged and the equipment installation
Station equipment mainly comprises electric cabinet, refrigerator, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and clear water reserviors etc.
2.5 monitoring system is installed and frigo is installed
Pipeline connection, insulation and test instrumentation are installed:
Salt solution is connected with flange with cooling water pipeline, and pipeline is answered fixation.Go, setting pressure table, thermometer, flow meter, control valve on loop saline line and the cooling water circulation line.Saline line adopts the polystyrene foam plastics insulation, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the insulation layer outside.
2.6 actively freeze to freeze with maintenance
(1) in the freezing process otherwise discontinuity detection is gone, the loop brine temp, brine flow, frost wall spread scenarios are regulated in case of necessity and are freezed system operational parameters.
(2) in actively freezing, judge that whether frost wall is handed over circle and reached design thickness, can enter maintenance according to freezing curtain stability and freeze, but brine temp can not be higher than-18 ℃ according to temperature data.
2.7 cell wall is abolished
Freeze after 30 days according to calculate determine to hand over circle after, at portal the some inspecting holes of beating of distribution are arranged earlier before cell wall is abolished, with the glued situation of judgement frozen soil and cell wall.The inspecting hole degree of depth should enter 10～15cm in the plain concrete barricade.Then, adopt high-precision thermometer or temperature measurer to measure, require each inspecting hole observed temperature must be lower than-2 ℃.When judge all broken walls of frozen soil wall and the fully reliable gluing of cell wall by inspecting hole observed temperature and horizontal thermometer hole observed temperature.
2.8 freezing pipe backfill
Treat portal abolish finish after, freezing pipe is pulled out and the slip casting shutoff, take repeatedly a small amount of mode to carry out the shutoff backfill in case of necessity, with guarantee the shield structure by the time can not produce the situation of pressure leakages fluctuation by freezing hole.
Portal cuts
According to the top-down order that cuts, will efflux main muscle earlier and all cut off, cut outside diaphragm wall then, cut in the process, strictly observe job specfication and tell somebody what one's real intentions are, find that portal infiltration phenomenon stops to cut handling at once.Guarantee to reserve the portal headroom and be not less than Φ 7200, suitable unsuitable little greatly, guarantee not wipe when the shield structure passes through the extension agent structure.
Pit backfill
After portal cuts and finishes, use pre-configured wet concrete that foundation ditch is carried out backfill, the backfill height is standard to surpass portal top 2m.After the backfill wet concrete reaches certain intensity, get final product recharge water in the foundation ditch to groundwater table absolute altitude place, so far shield machine arrival (missing the stop) preceding preparation is all finished.
The pit backfill schematic diagram is seen Fig. 5.
The preparation of wet concrete, carry out proportioning by the field laboratory according to somewhere cross-river tunnel engineering actual conditions:
(1) according to the cutter configuration of 2 shield machines of somewhere cross-river tunnel engineering, must guarantee the free-cutting machinability of backfill, the modulation concrete strength is C10;
(2) the characteristic demand of consideration fill concrete, in the shield machine cutting tunneling process, for guaranteeing the stable of the place ahead pressure, must guarantee that backfill has good ductility, to guarantee that not producing the crack under slight distortion causes the spillage that leaks gas, and needs to add proper amount of bentone.
The wet concrete match ratio sees Table 2:
Table 2 wet concrete match ratio
| Project | Cement (Kg) | Sand (Kg) | II level flyash (Kg) | Swell soil (Kg) | Water (Kg) | WLH-131 high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid (Kg) |
| Proportioning | 180 | 1450 | 100 | 120 | 280 | 5.5 |
5 slurry shields arrive construction parameter under water and set
(1) setting of water and soil pressure
Calculate the water and soil pressure at portal circle top according to stratum, termination geological condition and groundwater table absolute altitude, calculate the backfill in the foundation ditch and the height of pouring water according to this pressure, and set the pressure in air pressure storehouse at shield machine.Pressure is set unsuitable too high also unsuitable on the low side.Pressure arranges too high, because fill concrete thickness is less, roof fall should take place.If pressure is on the low side, then can't balance termination water and soil pressure, cause stratum, termination water and soil to pour in the muddy water storehouse, and then cause the termination sedimentation.
(2) control of driving attitude
It is preceding to arrive (missing the stop) at the shield structure, checks shield excavation attitude by the measurement group, guarantees the correct of shield excavation attitude.When the shield structure arrived, driving attitude level, vertical missing control were in ± 5mm; When the shield structure passed through ventilating shaft, because ventilating shaft is on the circular curve that radius is 350m, the shield structure needed horizontal attitude is taked in advance partially in advance before passing through ventilating shaft, avoids shield machine can't tunnel by design route in fill concrete, and then can't pass through the countermeasure portal.Horizontal departure is to the pre-15mm partially of turn direction, and control is in+20-+15, and vertical missing control is in ± 5mm.
(3) driving speed
In termination stabilization zone and fill concrete, tunnel, must strict control shield driving speed.When entering stabilization zone from normal stratum or entering normal stratum from stabilization zone, shield driving speed is controlled in 10mm/min-15mm/min.If speed is higher, easily causes the strengthening stratum bulk to drop, and then stop up shield structure pulp pipeline.Driving speed control is in 15mm/min-20mm/min in stabilization zone and fill concrete.
(4) synchronous grouting
Arrive under water in the construction operation process of (missing the stop) at the shield structure, must strictly control synchronous grouting quality, the hole between shutoff section of jurisdiction and the agent structure.Grouting quality is taked pressure and the dual control of grouting amount, and grouting pressure is greater than 1.2 times of formation water soil pressures, and grouting amount is 1.5-2.1 times of space between section of jurisdiction and the structure.
Follow-up construction
After treating that shield machine arrives (missing the stop), carry out secondary grouting in the hole, carry out the space between the structure of shutoff section of jurisdiction and station (ventilating shaft).The scope of secondary grouting is the portal inner ten, treats that the complete shutoff of secondary grouting annotates the space between section of jurisdiction and the structure, begins follow-up construction (secondary excavation backfill, carry out the shield structure tear machine, construction portal etc. open).If in follow-up work progress, occur leaking, need after-teeming again, till no longer leaking.
Material and equipment
Plant equipment, instrument, material comprise churning equipment, freezing equipment, shield driving equipment and the required professional tool of each construction operation, and need the replacing accessory according to the job content preparation.The equipment facility are equipped with and see table 3 for details.
Table 3 equipment facility are equipped with table
Performance analysis
1. social benefit
The construction of this worker method, can reduce taking of construction plant, termination in a large number, and can fully guarantee the safety of termination building and pipeline, eliminate the having a strong impact on of urban traffic that public hazards such as the vibration that construction produces, noise, dust have also obtained reducing to greatest extent.For later city underground engineering provides reliable decision-making foundation and technical indicator at the planning construction under the analogue, novel worker's law technology will promote the progress of city underground engineering construction technology, and social benefit and environmental benefit are obvious.
2. economic benefit
In the slurry shield construction, arrive (missing the stop) construction under water as adopting, the ground construction place of engineering is taken up an area of little, the place is easy to arrange, programming is fast, few to the ground disturbing factor, be conducive to civilized construction, various resources can be utilized preferably, can guarantee that existing building are excellent on every side, guarantee resident's life, property safety, avoid circuit to detour moves with the resident temporarily, having saved a large amount of engineerings removes, expenses such as the place, ground takies, simultaneously when adopting this worker method owing to increased freezing engineering, increased engineering part direct cost, but comprehensively assess, because it can reduce termination stabilization works amount and the shield machine cost at the arrival precipitation in abundance of water area in a large number, therefore in construction speed, material consumption, component of machine consumes, cost is lower in the operations such as water power consumption, and all in all, this worker's method has increased investment slightly in work progress, but integration engineering is removed, pipeline changes and moves and the place such as takies at the aspect, has bigger economic benefit.
Be embodiments of the invention only below, be not limited to the present invention, therefore within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a slurry shield arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that, the main technique flow process of described construction is: the termination reinforces, freeze the termination, portal cuts, pit backfill, shield structure arrive, follow-up construction;
It is to adopt the triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake that described termination reinforces, utilize rig the Grouting Pipe that has nozzle, pierce the precalculated position of soil layer, then the form of slurries with high-pressure spray penetrated in nozzle, the impact failure soil body, the soil layer that the high-pressure spray cutting blends, being particle disperses, a part is taken out of boring by slurries and water, another part then mixes with slurries, and along with slurries mix, shotcrete pipe constantly promotes with 360 ° of revolutions, along with solidifying of slurries, form the solid that adds with certain intensity and impervious ability effect;
Described termination frozen construction technology comprises preparation of construction, drilling construction, Freezing Station installation, monitoring system is installed and frigo is installed, actively freeze to freeze with maintenance, cell wall is abolished, the freezing pipe backfill;
Described portal cuts according to the top-down order that cuts, and will efflux main muscle earlier and all cut off, and cuts outside diaphragm wall then, cuts in the process, strictly observes job specfication and tells somebody what one's real intentions are, and finds that portal infiltration phenomenon stops to cut handling at once; Guarantee to reserve the portal headroom and be not less than Φ 7200, suitable unsuitable little greatly, guarantee not wipe when the shield structure passes through the extension agent structure;
Described pit backfill be portal cut finish after, use pre-configured wet concrete that foundation ditch is carried out backfill, backfill height is standard to surpass portal top 2m; After the backfill wet concrete reaches certain intensity, get final product recharge water in the foundation ditch to groundwater table absolute altitude place, preparation was all finished before so far shield machine arrived;
Described shield structure arrives step and needs shield structure arrival construction parameter is set, and comprises that setting, the control of driving attitude, the driving speed of water and soil pressure set, synchronous grouting control;
Described follow-up construction is after treating that shield machine arrives, to carry out secondary grouting in the hole, carries out the space between shutoff section of jurisdiction and the ventilating shaft structure; The scope of secondary grouting is the portal inner ten, treats that the complete shutoff of secondary grouting annotates the space between section of jurisdiction and the structure, begins follow-up construction, comprises secondary excavation backfill, carries out the shield structure and tear machine, construction portal open; If in follow-up work progress, occur leaking, need after-teeming again, till no longer leaking.
2. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described termination reinforcing construction process flow process comprises the steps:
(1) the location unwrapping wire is decided the position, hole by the designing requirement unwrapping wire, the hole biased poor≤50mm, and accurately measure the aperture ground elevation;
(2) boring: adopt rotary drilling rig to creep into, in the drilling process, must guarantee the verticality of boring;
(3) playpipe under: adopt high spray booth car to move to the aperture, should carry out ground examination spray earlier to adjust expulsion pressure, following playpipe is to designing spray penetration;
(4) slurrying: select P.O.42.5 level Portland cement for use, water/binder ratio 1:1 makes and fully stirs according to the mortar consumption of every pile, and mixing time is less than 3 minutes must not use, and the slurries that surpass the initial setting time also must not use; Mortar is through the filtration of twice screen pack, in case nozzle stops up; Mortar in the suction slurry storing tank will ceaselessly stir;
(5) spray to promote: playpipe begins to send into satisfactory slurries down to projected depth, treats that slurries emerge behind the aperture, i.e. hoisting velocity on request, rotary speed, begin injection, rotation from bottom to top, promote, to the whole spray height stop-spraying of design, and propose playpipe;
(6) recharge: jet grouting utilizes cement paste to recharge, till hole entoplasm liquid level does not sink after finishing;
(7) flushing: AEI After End of Injection, should be in time that pipe flushing is clean, with anti-clogging.
3. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described termination frozen construction technology specifically comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of construction: because drilling construction is all at Ground Operation, the place needs to satisfy Freezing Station and arranges and the punching demand; The frozen construction electricity consumption is directly supplied with by the building site power distribution room;
(2) drilling construction: comprise freezing pipe, thermometer hole pipe, feed pipe, salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring and cooling water pipe specification are carried out type selecting; To the rig type selecting; Arrange freezing hole, freezing hole spacing 1m, 2 rows are set, array pitch 1m, first array pitch is from space enclosing structure 0.5m, and hole depth is to the following 4m in portal bottom, both sides are freezed body and are guaranteed to be not less than 3m apart from the portal side, the biased difference in hole should be greater than 50mm, freezing pipe specification φ 127 * 5mm, and the boring actual grade is than the big 0.5m of design; Adopt salt solution or liquid nitrogen freezing; φ 127 follow-up borings are selected in the freezing hole perforate for use;
(3) Freezing Station is installed: three covers of W-YSLGF600 II type screw rod unit are selected in the Freezing Station design for use, and Freezing Station is arranged in a side, and 3 units are installed in parallel, and are standby mutually; Station equipment mainly comprises electric cabinet, refrigerator, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and clear water reserviors;
(4) monitoring system is installed and the frigo installation: pipeline connection, insulation and test instrumentation are installed: salt solution is connected with flange with cooling water pipeline, and pipeline is answered fixation; Go, setting pressure table, thermometer, flow meter, control valve on loop saline line and the cooling water circulation line; Saline line adopts the polystyrene foam plastics insulation, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the insulation layer outside;
(5) actively freeze to freeze with maintenance: in the freezing process otherwise discontinuity detection is gone, the loop brine temp, brine flow, frost wall spread scenarios are regulated in case of necessity and are freezed system operational parameters; In actively freezing, judge that whether frost wall is handed over circle and reached design thickness, enter maintenance according to freezing curtain stability and freeze, but brine temp can not be higher than-18 ℃ according to temperature data;
(6) cell wall is abolished: freeze after 30 days according to calculate determine to hand over circle after, at portal the some inspecting holes of beating of distribution are arranged earlier before cell wall is abolished, with the glued situation of judgement frozen soil and cell wall; The inspecting hole degree of depth should enter 10～15cm in the plain concrete barricade, then, adopt high-precision thermometer or temperature measurer to measure, require each inspecting hole observed temperature must be lower than-2 ℃, when judging that by inspecting hole observed temperature and horizontal thermometer hole observed temperature frozen soil wall and the fully reliable gluing of cell wall can reach whole broken walls;
(7) freezing pipe backfill: treat portal abolish finish after, freezing pipe is pulled out and the slip casting shutoff, take repeatedly a small amount of mode to carry out the shutoff backfill in case of necessity, with guarantee the shield structure by the time can not produce the situation of pressure leakages fluctuation by freezing hole.
4. slurry shield according to claim 3 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: freezing pipe is selected φ 127 * 5mm for use in the step (2), and 20# mild steel seamless steel pipe, pipe collar add the manual electric arc welding welding; The thermometer hole pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use; Feed pipe is selected φ 45 * 3.5mm for use, seamless steel pipe, and employing is welded to connect; Salt water conduit tube and collection brine distributing ring are selected φ 219 * 6mm, seamless steel pipe for use; Cooling water pipe is selected φ 133 * 4.5mm, seamless steel pipe for use.
5. slurry shield according to claim 3 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: rig is selected stronger 2 constructions of YGL-100 type down-the-hole hammer drill machine of boring ability, power of motor 75KW/ platform for use in the step (2); Mud circulation is selected 4 in BW-850/50 type slush pump for use, power of motor 55KW/ platform; The sleeve pipe deviational survey uses the light deviational survey, adopts JDT-5 type gyrolevel deviational survey to guarantee the boring vertical precision in case of necessity.
6. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the method that the setting of described water and soil pressure is taked is: the water and soil pressure that calculates portal circle top according to stratum, termination geological condition and groundwater table absolute altitude, calculate the backfill in the foundation ditch and the height of pouring water according to this pressure, and set the pressure in air pressure storehouse at shield machine.
7. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the measure that the control of described driving attitude is taked is: before the shield structure arrives, check shield excavation attitude by the measurement group, guarantee the correct of shield excavation attitude; When the shield structure arrived, driving attitude level, vertical missing control were in ± 5mm; When the shield structure passed through ventilating shaft, because ventilating shaft is on the circular curve that radius is 350m, the shield structure needed horizontal attitude is taked in advance partially in advance before passing through ventilating shaft, avoids shield machine can't tunnel by design route in fill concrete, and then can't pass through the countermeasure portal; Horizontal departure is to the pre-15mm partially of turn direction, and control is in+20-+15, and vertical missing control is in ± 5mm.
8. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: described driving speed is set the measure of taking and is: tunnel in termination stabilization zone and fill concrete, must strictly control shield driving speed; When entering stabilization zone from normal stratum or entering normal stratum from stabilization zone, shield driving speed is controlled in 10mm/min-15mm/min; Driving speed control is in 15mm/min-20mm/min in stabilization zone and fill concrete.
9. slurry shield according to claim 1 arrives construction under water, it is characterized in that: the measure that described synchronous grouting control is taked is: in the construction operation process that the shield structure arrives under water, must strictly control synchronous grouting quality, the hole between shutoff section of jurisdiction and the agent structure; Grouting quality is taked pressure and the dual control of grouting amount, and grouting pressure is greater than 1.2 times of formation water soil pressures, and grouting amount is 1.5-2.1 times of space between section of jurisdiction and the structure.
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Application publication date: 20130904 |