CN103242461A - Novel method for simultaneously extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide and gastrodine - Google Patents
Novel method for simultaneously extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide and gastrodine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103242461A CN103242461A CN2012100358544A CN201210035854A CN103242461A CN 103242461 A CN103242461 A CN 103242461A CN 2012100358544 A CN2012100358544 A CN 2012100358544A CN 201210035854 A CN201210035854 A CN 201210035854A CN 103242461 A CN103242461 A CN 103242461A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel method for simultaneously extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide and gastrodine, relating to the technical field of processing of subsidiary agricultural products. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: pulverizing dry gastrodia elata, carrying out water extraction and alcohol precipitation, washing the precipitate with alcohol, drying under reduced pressure, pulverizing to obtain gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and concentrating the alcohol filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain gastrodine extractum. The invention has the characteristics of simple technique, high utilization ratio of raw materials, low solvent consumption, low cost, high extraction rate, good economic benefits, no environmental pollution and the like, and the production is free from the influence of the gastrodia elata production seasons.
Description
One, technical field
The agricultural byproducts processing technical field, the present invention is a kind of method of extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide and Gastrodine from dried rhizoma Gastrodiae simultaneously specifically.
Two, background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is a kind of famous and precious Chinese medicinal materials, contains the various active composition, and the research and development about the research of rhizoma Gastrodiae extraction of active ingredients and product at present mainly concentrate on Gastrodine and gastrodia elata polysaccharide.
According to report, the extraction of the effective constituent of rhizoma Gastrodiae mainly is extracted as the master with single component, and wherein the extracting method of Gastrodine has that water is carried, alcohol extracting and chloroform put forward the equal solvent extraction method.In the solvent extraction process, adopt methods such as refluxing extraction, Soxhlet extraction, supersound extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, enzyme assisted extraction and supercritical extraction at present more.Liu Ming etc. investigate the stripping situation of Gastrodine under the different condition, and extraction conditions is 70% alcohol reflux 2h, need not soak.Jin Hong etc. carry out refluxing extraction to rhizoma Gastrodiae, and extraction conditions is 70% ethanol, and solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 8 is extracted 3 times, each 1h.Wang Peiqi etc. are solvent with 70% ethanol, after the Rhizoma Gastrodiae powder of crossing 60 mesh sieves is soaked, and supersound extraction twice, each 45min, the Gastrodine extraction rate is 3.3336%; Surplus blue processing condition are 70% methanol solution, and 60 ℃ of temperature, solid-to-liquid ratio are 1: 20.Hu Aijun etc. extract Gastrodine in the rhizoma Gastrodiae with α-Dian Fenmei, and the extraction process condition is 100 ℃ of temperature, enzyme dosage 50U/g, and solid-liquid ratio 1: 25, extraction time 3h, the Gastrodine yield is 7.8mg/g.Zhang Yuan etc. adopt the ethanol extraction to extract Gastrodine, obtain extraction conditions and are: under 70 ℃, extract 3 times continuously with 6 times of amount 40% ethanol, and each 2h, with this understanding, the rhizoma Gastrodiae paste-forming rate is 45.57%, the Gastrodine yield is 6.82mg/g.
The extracting method of gastrodia elata polysaccharide mainly contains solvent-extraction process, comprises hot water extraction, pure extraction etc.And the most frequently used method is the hot water extraction.In addition, also can utilize assisted extraction methods such as ultrasonic wave, microwave.Liu Mingxue etc. adopt water extract method to extract gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and extraction conditions is: solid-liquid ratio 1: 40, and 80 ℃ of extraction temperatures extract 2 times, 75% ethanol sedimentation, the gastrodia elata polysaccharide yield is 9.61%.The research of Zhang Mengjuan etc. draws processing condition: extract 58 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 36min, solid-liquid ratio 1: 37.It is material ratio 1: 40 that Zhu Xiaoxia etc. obtain the extraction process by water condition, 120 ℃ of extraction temperatures, and extraction time 3h, the gastrodia elata polysaccharide yield is 5.42%.Liu Yutan etc. adopt alcohol extracting method to extract gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and extracting condition is 10% ethanol, and temperature is 50 ℃, and extraction time is 2h, extracts altogether 3 times.Zhang Mengjuan etc. adopt ultrasonic auxiliary law to extract gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and extraction conditions is: extract 66 ℃ of temperature, and extraction time 34min, solid-liquid ratio 1: 45, with this understanding, a day polysaccharide yield is 32.78%.
Rhizoma Gastrodiae activeconstituents single extracting method has caused the raw-material waste of rhizoma Gastrodiae, and extraction process length consuming time, cost height, yield are low, and technology is loaded down with trivial details relatively.In addition, have bright rhizoma Gastrodiae that patent will gather clean the back with microwave method or cooking process complete, broken, add the water mill slurry, slurries adopt tripod pendulum type batch centrifugal coarse filtration and the smart filter of tubular-bowl centrifuge, clear liquid under agitation adds three times of 95% ethanol of volume ratio, staticly settle the rhizoma Gastrodiae Crude polysaccharides, dry, the broken rhizoma Gastrodiae crude polysaccharide powder that obtains; The rhizoma Gastrodiae filter residue carries out diacolation with the pure water clear liquid of precipitation behind the polysaccharide and extracts, extracting solution through concentrating, dry, the broken rhizoma Gastrodiae alcohol soluble substance powder that obtains.Though this method has solved the problem of the single extraction of the rhizoma Gastrodiae activeconstituents waste of material that causes.But technology is loaded down with trivial details, and bright rhizoma Gastrodiae can't store for a long time, thereby the industrialization of this method is restricted.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly from dried rhizoma Gastrodiae, extract gastrodia elata polysaccharide and Gastrodine simultaneously, and the rhizoma Gastrodiae deep processing novel method that technology is simple, raw material availability is high, solvent load is few, cost is low, extraction yield is high, economic benefit is high.
The present invention is achieved in that earlier dried rhizoma Gastrodiae is pulverized, and sieves, and the boiling water lixiviate is filtered, and filtrate decompression concentrates, alcohol precipitation, standing separation.Throw out washs with alcohol, drying, pulverize the rhizoma Gastrodiae Crude polysaccharides; Alcohol liquid concentrating under reduced pressure namely gets Gastrodine medicinal extract.
The technology of the present invention main points are:
1. dried rhizoma Gastrodiae is pulverized: dried rhizoma Gastrodiae is pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves.
2. water is carried: add water by solid-liquid ratio 1: 30～40, repeat to extract in boiling water bath 2～3 times, each 100～150min leaves standstill then and is cooled to room temperature, suction filtration, and merging filtrate is evaporated to proper volume.
3. alcohol precipitation: add 90%～100% ethanol in the concentrated solution in 1: 3～8 ratios, leave standstill 10～15h under the room temperature, suction filtration gets throw out and filtrate.
4. gastrodia elata polysaccharide preparation: earlier with 90%～100% washing with alcohol throw out, again in 40～80 ℃ of following vacuum-dryings, pulverizing, namely obtain light yellow rhizoma Gastrodiae Crude polysaccharides powder, by raw material, the product yield is 55%～59%, and gastrodia elata polysaccharide content is 88%～95%.
5. Gastrodine preparation: at 60～85 ℃, concentrating under reduced pressure under 0.06～0.09kPa condition namely obtains yellowish brown Gastrodine medicinal extract with filtrate, and by raw material, the product yield is 33.1%～35.6%, and gastrodin content is 2.6%～2.8% in the medicinal extract.
The present invention has following advantage:
Compare with existing method, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. extract gastrodia elata polysaccharide and Gastrodine novel method the time involved in the present invention, both solved because of the single-activity composition and extracted the raw material cause and the problem of processing aid waste, also simplified simultaneously extraction process, compare with existing method technology, the present invention has characteristics such as technology is simple, raw material availability is high, solvent load is few, cost is low, extraction yield is high, good in economic efficiency.
2. extracting the novel method of gastrodia elata polysaccharide and Gastrodine the time involved in the present invention, is raw material with dried rhizoma Gastrodiae, has solved because bright rhizoma Gastrodiae can't store a difficult problem that is limited in the between the harvests process for processing for a long time, and has simplified production technique.
3. technical process involved in the present invention does not have sewage, exhaust gas emission, and Rhizoma Gastrodiae residue can also be done him again and use (as functional food, feed etc.).
Four, embodiment
Example 1: get dried Rhizoma Gastrodiae powder 20g, added water by 1: 38, extract 146min down at 98～100 ℃, be cooled to room temperature, suction filtration repeats to extract 1 time again, merge 2 times filtrate, 10 times of concentrating under reduced pressure are cooled to room temperature, under stirring or ultrasound condition, add 95% ethanol, make whole determining alcohol to 80%, leave standstill more than the 12h suction filtration.Throw out is drained with 95% washing with alcohol 2 times, and is dry under 0.06～0.08kPa at 75 ℃, pulverizes, and namely gets gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and yield is 59%, and gastrodia elata polysaccharide content is 90%.Filtrate decompression concentrates 15 times, changes vacuum drying oven over to, and is dry under 0.06～0.08kPa at 75 ℃, namely gets Gastrodine medicinal extract, and yield is 35.6%, and gastrodin content is 2.6% in the medicinal extract.
Example 2: get dried Rhizoma Gastrodiae powder 20g, added water by 1: 40, extract 120min down at 98～100 ℃, be cooled to room temperature, suction filtration repeats to extract 2 times again, merge 3 times filtrate, 10 times of concentrating under reduced pressure are cooled to room temperature, under stirring or ultrasound condition, add 95% ethanol, make whole determining alcohol to 80%, leave standstill more than the 12h suction filtration.Throw out is drained with 95% washing with alcohol 2 times, and is dry under 0.06～0.08kPa at 75 ℃, pulverizes, and namely gets gastrodia elata polysaccharide, and yield is 55%, and gastrodia elata polysaccharide content is 92%.Filtrate decompression concentrates 15 times, changes vacuum drying oven over to, and is dry under 0.06～0.08kPa at 75 ℃, namely gets Gastrodine medicinal extract, and yield is 33.1%, and gastrodin content is 2.8% in the medicinal extract.
Claims (5)
1. novel method of extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide and Gastrodine simultaneously comprises that the pulverizing of dried rhizoma Gastrodiae, water are carried, alcohol precipitation, gastrodia elata polysaccharide preparation and Gastrodine technology of preparing.It is characterized in that with dried Rhizoma Gastrodiae powder through water carry, behind the alcohol precipitation, respectively with throw out through alcohol wash, drying under reduced pressure, pulverizing obtain gastrodia elata polysaccharide, obtains Gastrodine medicinal extract after pure filtrate decompression is concentrated.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding water by solid-liquid ratio 1: 30～40, repeats to extract in boiling water bath 2～3 times, and each 100～150min leaves standstill then and is cooled to room temperature, suction filtration, and merging filtrate is evaporated to proper volume.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding in the concentrated solution in 1: 3～8 ratios 90%～100% ethanol, leaves standstill 10～15h under the room temperature, and suction filtration gets throw out and filtrate.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that elder generation with 90%～100% washing with alcohol throw out, again in 40～80 ℃ of following vacuum-dryings, pulverizing, namely obtains light yellow rhizoma Gastrodiae Crude polysaccharides powder.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that with filtrate at 60～85 ℃, concentrating under reduced pressure under 0.06～0.09kPa condition namely obtains yellowish brown Gastrodine medicinal extract.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103665178A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 刘祥义 | Method for extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide |
| CN104000840A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-08-27 | 四川中医药高等专科学校 | Preparation method of extractive containing gastrodin and gastrodia elata polysaccharide |
| CN104710484A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-06-17 | 中国标准化研究院 | Gastrodin extraction and separation method |
| CN105348334A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-24 | 湖北民族学院 | Method for simultaneously extracting gastrodia elata oil and gastrodin from gastrodia elata |
| CN105925732A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Production method of instant rhizoma gastrodiae microcrystalline sugar |
| CN106690173A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-24 | 昭通市泰旺生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of rhizoma gastrodiae flavored potato chips |
| CN108409808A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-08-17 | 中山大学 | A kind of method of the broken extraction Gastrodin in Gastrodia eleta Bl. of continuous low-temperature high pressure |
| CN109793722A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-24 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae sustained release pellet |
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| CN103665178A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 刘祥义 | Method for extracting gastrodia elata polysaccharide |
| CN103665178B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-03-16 | 刘祥义 | A kind of gastrodia elata polysaccharide extracting method |
| CN104000840A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-08-27 | 四川中医药高等专科学校 | Preparation method of extractive containing gastrodin and gastrodia elata polysaccharide |
| CN104710484A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-06-17 | 中国标准化研究院 | Gastrodin extraction and separation method |
| CN105348334A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-24 | 湖北民族学院 | Method for simultaneously extracting gastrodia elata oil and gastrodin from gastrodia elata |
| CN105348334B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-03-16 | 湖北民族学院 | A kind of method for extracting day sesame oil and Gastrodin simultaneously from rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN105925732A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Production method of instant rhizoma gastrodiae microcrystalline sugar |
| CN106690173A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-24 | 昭通市泰旺生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of rhizoma gastrodiae flavored potato chips |
| CN108409808A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-08-17 | 中山大学 | A kind of method of the broken extraction Gastrodin in Gastrodia eleta Bl. of continuous low-temperature high pressure |
| CN108409808B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-04-06 | 中山大学 | Method for continuously extracting gastrodin from gastrodia elata through low-temperature high-pressure crushing |
| CN109793722A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-24 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae sustained release pellet |
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Application publication date: 20130814 |