CN103238919A - Preparation method for cured tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Preparation method for cured tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238919A CN103238919A CN2013101871132A CN201310187113A CN103238919A CN 103238919 A CN103238919 A CN 103238919A CN 2013101871132 A CN2013101871132 A CN 2013101871132A CN 201310187113 A CN201310187113 A CN 201310187113A CN 103238919 A CN103238919 A CN 103238919A
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- tobacco leaf
- tobacco
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- leaf
- cured tobacco
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000238370 Sepia Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000007926 Craterellus fallax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007175 Datura inoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMLQNVRHVSWEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].[K] Chemical compound [Cl].[K] NMLQNVRHVSWEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for cured tobacco leaves. The method comprises the steps of cured tobacco plantation, tobacco leaf harvest and curing. In the step of tobacco leaf harvest, the tobacco leaves are harvested from bottom to top one by one according to tobacco leaf growth positions, 4-5 tobacco leaves are harvested each time, urea solution is evenly sprayed onto surfaces of the tobacco leaves after harvesting, urea sprayed onto the leaf surfaces per kg is 0.05-0.2g; and the tobacco leaf curing comprises the steps of tobacco leaf withering, yellowing, browning and killing-out. Characteristic aroma of the prepared cured tobacco leaves is remarkably weakened, aroma quality style is similar to air-cured tobacco leaves, strength is slightly high, satisfaction is strong, concentration is high, the cured tobacco leaves are full and mellow, irritation is small, smoke is smooth, the application range is greatly expanded, and technical support is provided for enriching tobacco leaf quality styles and meeting diversified raw materials requirements of low-tar low-harm cigarette products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the tobacco production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of cured tobacco leaf.
Background technology
Tobacco is in long-term cultivation process, because the difference of aspects such as natural environment, cultivation condition, modulator approach and instructions for use has formed diversified type.Press quality of tobacco characteristics, biological character and the classification of cultivation modulator approach, tobacco can be cultivated by China and be divided into: flue-cured tobacco, suncured tabacco, air-curing of tobacco leaves, burley tobaccos, Turkish tobaccos and Nicotiniana rustica 6 major types.Dissimilar aspects such as the sight outside of tobacco tobacco leaf, chemical composition, flue gas characteristic and purposes are all different, and tobacco industry is suitably allocated just according to the difference of its quality characteristic, makes the tobacco product that satisfies different crowd requirement and local flavor.
Flue-cured tobacco also claims the fire tube flue-cured tobacco, comes from the Virginia of the U.S., has special morphological feature, thereby is also referred to as Virginia type.Since the Flue-cured Tobacco in China plantation, be distributed widely in more than 20 province, average annual purchase volume accounts for 96% of tobacco leaf total amount, and production quantity is huge, and development rapidly, and is relatively stable.Belong to together under the fire-cured tobacco type fragrance odor type style, the diversified development of himself liquor style feature provides guarantee for the diversification of cigarette products raw material sources.In recent years, fast development and application along with information technology, the homogeneity of advanced cultivation technique is promoted, cause domestic cured tobacco leaf quality and style to present the advolutionization development trend, cigarette product raw tobacco material style is single, local flavor approximate with regard to causing easily like this, increase prescription teacher's tobacco leaf formulation difficulty, finally influenced quality and the characteristic of cigarette products.Therefore, how changing the flue cured tobacco quality style is the technical problem that those skilled in the art generally study, " cured tobacco leaf odor type agent transition and preparation method thereof and using method " (application number: 200810049170.3) proposed two kinds of solutions with " a kind of method that changes fire-cured tobacco type tobacco characteristic perfume " (application number 201110073505.7), but all exist method complexity, conditional request higher, implement problems such as difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cured tobacco leaf, this method can significantly change the liquor style of flue-cured tobacco, enlarges its scope of application.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of cured tobacco leaf, comprise tobacco planting, the step of tobacco leaf picking and modulation, wherein, tobacco leaf picking is according to the tobacco leaf growth site, gathers piecewise from bottom to top, 4 ~ 5 tobacco leaves of at every turn gathering, evenly spray urea liquid after gathering on the tobacco leaf tow sides, making the urea that sprays on the per kilogram blade face is 0.05 ~ 0.2g; The modulation of tobacco leaf comprises makes that tobacco leaf is wilting, flavescence, browning, four steps of dried muscle.
Preferably, the urea that sprays on the per kilogram blade face is 0.1g.
Wherein, the time of modulation is: lower tobacco leaf 25 ~ 35 days, middle part tobacco leaf 35 ~ 40 days, upper tobacco leaf 35 ~ 45 days.
Preferably, the concrete grammar of modulation is:
1) wilting step: the control temperature is 26 ~ 30 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 2 ~ 4 days, tobacco leaf felt like jelly, based on green, and the blade tip flavescence;
2) flavescence step: the control temperature is 30 ~ 34 ℃, after relative humidity is 70 ~ 80%, 8 ~ 10 days, and the area its colour changed into yellow of blade more than 80%, blade tip is yellowish-brown;
3) browning step: the control temperature is 33 ~ 37 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 8 ~ 10 days, the area color of blade about 80% was sepia or bronzing;
4) dried muscle step: the control temperature is 38 ~ 42 ℃, and relative humidity is below 50%, after 12 ~ 16 days, and leaf color sepia or bronzing, master pulse one folding is namely disconnected.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the cured tobacco leaf characteristic perfume of the present invention's preparation significantly weakens, the aroma quality style is similar to the air-curing of tobacco leaves tobacco leaf, the slightly high satisfaction of strength is strong, concentration is big full mellow and full, the little flue gas of excitant is smooth and easy, the scope of application is widened significantly, and horn of plenty quality of tobacco style and satisfied low burnt low harm cigarette goods diversification raw materials requirement provide technical support.
Characteristics such as 2) the present invention has reduced the energy and artificial input that stage of modulating needs, and it is simple to have method, and cost is low.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Select flue-cured tobacco cloud and mist 87 as objective for implementation.
The first step: plantation.Shiyan City, cigarette raw tobacco material base Fang County plants in Hubei, and concrete planting site point is selected in Fang County Xi Ping experiment station, and it is smooth that tobacco planting is arranged in physical features, irrigation and drainage facility, the uniform plot of soil fertility.
Second step: gather.Flue-cured tobacco reaches ripeness standard, and (rib full white hair in bottom is bright, and offshoot 1/3 bleaches, and the blade face is yellowish green, and blade tip is obviously sagging, and leaf margin is withered slightly, and fine hair is less to come off; The full white hair of middle leaf master pulse is bright, and offshoot 1/3 ~ 2/3 bleaches, and there are yellow and yellow-white patch in the blade face, and yellow green is obvious, and the little Huang of auricle is to yellowish, and fine hair partly comes off; The full white hair of upper blade master pulse is bright, and offshoot 2/3 bleaches, the blade face shrinkage, and ripe patch is yellow-white, and auricle is yellowish, and fine hair comes off more.) after, gather, gathering is according to the tobacco leaf growth site, gathers piecewise from bottom to top, 4 ~ 5 tobacco leaves of at every turn gathering, urea liquid is evenly sprayed in the back of gathering on tobacco surface, and making the urea that sprays on the per kilogram blade face is 0.1g.Compile and hang the room system of drying in the air of to dry in the air after leaf is finished.
The 3rd step: modulation.Modulate in the room that dries in the air, the time of modulation is: lower tobacco leaf 30 days, middle part tobacco leaf 35 days, upper tobacco leaf 40 days.Concrete operations are:
1) the wilting stage: the control temperature is 26 ~ 30 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 2 ~ 4 days, tobacco leaf felt like jelly, based on green, and the blade tip flavescence;
2) yellowing stage: the control temperature is 30 ~ 34 ℃, after relative humidity is 70 ~ 80%, 8 ~ 10 days, and the area its colour changed into yellow of blade more than 80%, blade tip is yellowish-brown;
3) the browning stage: the control temperature is 33 ~ 37 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 8 ~ 10 days, the area color of blade about 80% was sepia or bronzing;
4) the dried muscle stage: the control temperature is 38 ~ 42 ℃, and relative humidity is below 50%, after 12 ~ 16 days, and leaf color sepia or bronzing, master pulse one folding is namely disconnected.
In the present embodiment: the temperature of the conventional room that dries in the air of the temperature requirement of the modulation system of drying in the air wants high, purpose is under the effect of relative higher temperature and certain humidity, can promote quick degraded and the conversion of macromolecular substances, promote to react between the chemical composition, make it to coordinate more.
Embodiment 2
Select flue-cured tobacco cloud and mist 87 as objective for implementation, method step is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is that the urea that sprays on kilogram blade face is 0.05g.
Embodiment 3
Select flue-cured tobacco cloud and mist 87 as objective for implementation, method step is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is that the urea that sprays on kilogram blade face is 0.2g.
The quality evaluation of the cured tobacco leaf that above-described embodiment 1-3 is prepared:
The presentation quality of table 1 the present invention and conventional flue-cured tobacco relatively
Processing method | Color | Maturity | Identity | Oil content | Colourity | Structure |
Conventional method | Orange | Good | Thickness is moderate | Foot | By force | Still loose |
Embodiment 1 | Sepia-bronzing | Good | Thin slightly-moderate | Sufficient-foot | By force | More loose |
Embodiment 2 | Sepia-bronzing | Good | Thin slightly-moderate | Sufficient-foot | By force | More loose |
Embodiment 3 | Sepia-dark red brown | Good | Thin slightly-moderate | Sufficient-foot | By force | More loose |
The aesthetic quality of table 2 the present invention and conventional flue-cured tobacco relatively
The chemical composition content of table 3 the present invention and conventional flue-cured tobacco is (%) relatively
Processing method | Nicotine | Reduced sugar | Potassium | Chlorine |
Conventional method | 2.70-2.96 | 20.91-25.36? | 1.83-2.67? | 0.21-0.33? |
Embodiment 1 | 3.11-3.31 | 0.67-1.19 | 2.36-2.79 | 0.25-0.34 |
Embodiment 2 | 3.09-3.28 | 0.59-1.02 | 2.12-2.45 | 0.30-0.39 |
Embodiment 3 | 3.18-3.35 | 0.63-1.23 | 2.22-2.64 | 0.29-0.37 |
Annotate: the numerical value in the table is that repeated detection obtains, and is value range.
Table 1 ~ 3rd, the present invention (embodiment) contrasts situation with the quality of the cured tobacco leaf that conventional method is produced.As can be seen from Table 1, the cured tobacco leaf of the present invention preparation is of light color orange to bronzing, and maturity is good, is as thin as moderately slightly, and foot is to foot for oil content, and colourity is strong, short texture; As seen from Table 2, the cured tobacco leaf liquor style feature of the present invention's preparation is based on the breath of air-curing of tobacco leaves feature style, and fragrance texture is medium, and perfume quantity is more sufficient, and strength is moderate, and flue gas concentration is big to bigger, and whole satisfaction is strong, and assorted gas is lighter, and pleasant impression is more comfortable; As can be seen from Table 3, the cured tobacco leaf chemical composition content of the present invention's preparation shows the characteristics of the chemical composition content that is similar to burley tobaccos, and nicotine content has certain increase, and content of reducing sugar descends extremely remarkable, potassium content has certain increase, and chlorinity changes not remarkable.Therefore, use the cured tobacco leaf style local flavor of the present invention's preparation to be similar to air-curing of tobacco leaves, chemical composition content is also approximate with the content of air-curing of tobacco leaves.The tobacco leaf that adopts the present invention to produce has enriched cured tobacco leaf fragrance type, has widened the scope of application of cured tobacco leaf.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a cured tobacco leaf, comprise tobacco planting, the step of tobacco leaf picking and modulation, it is characterized in that: tobacco leaf picking is according to the tobacco leaf growth site, gather piecewise from bottom to top, 4 ~ 5 tobacco leaves of at every turn gathering, urea liquid is evenly sprayed in the back of gathering on tobacco surface, and making the urea that sprays on the per kilogram blade face is 0.05 ~ 0.2g; The modulation of tobacco leaf comprises makes that tobacco leaf is wilting, flavescence, browning, four steps of dried muscle.
2. the preparation method of cured tobacco leaf according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the urea that sprays on the per kilogram blade face is 0.1g.
3. the preparation method of cured tobacco leaf according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the time of modulation is: lower tobacco leaf 25 ~ 35 days, middle part tobacco leaf 35 ~ 40 days, upper tobacco leaf 35 ~ 45 days.
4. the preparation method of cured tobacco leaf according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
1) wilting step: the control temperature is 26 ~ 30 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 2 ~ 4 days, tobacco leaf felt like jelly, based on green, and the blade tip flavescence;
2) flavescence step: the control temperature is 30 ~ 34 ℃, after relative humidity is 70 ~ 80%, 8 ~ 10 days, and the area its colour changed into yellow of blade more than 80%, blade tip is yellowish-brown;
3) browning step: the control temperature is 33 ~ 37 ℃, and after relative humidity was 65 ~ 75%, 8 ~ 10 days, the area color of blade about 80% was sepia or bronzing;
4) dried muscle step: the control temperature is 38 ~ 42 ℃, and relative humidity is below 50%, after 12 ~ 16 days, and leaf color sepia or bronzing, master pulse one folding is namely disconnected.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103976462A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-08-13 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for sun-curing yellow sun-cured tobaccos |
CN104429460A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf culturing and harvesting method |
CN104621704A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-05-20 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Baking process of flue-cured tobacco variety KRK26 and corresponding operating technology |
CN104687232A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-06-10 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Special tobacco leaf production method for Xueyaxiang cigarette products |
CN104737716A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-07-01 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf harvesting method and cigarette manufacturing method |
CN106418646A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-02-22 | 平顶山市烟草公司汝州市分公司 | Upper tobacco harvesting and curing process for growing special flue-cured tobacco |
CN112137149A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Efficient and controllable flue-cured tobacco airing room and flue-cured tobacco leaf airing method thereof |
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CN102210484A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-10-12 | 广州市澳键丰泽生物科技有限公司 | Method for changing characteristic fragrance of flue-cured type tobacco |
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CN102960845A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-03-13 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf preparation method |
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CN85104074A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-11-26 | 菲利浦莫里斯公司(弗吉尼亚公司) | Improve the method for the flavor characteristics of tobacco |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104737716A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-07-01 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf harvesting method and cigarette manufacturing method |
CN103976462A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-08-13 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for sun-curing yellow sun-cured tobaccos |
CN103976462B (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2016-04-13 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | A kind of Sun cured tobacco dry methods |
CN104429460A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf culturing and harvesting method |
CN104621704A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-05-20 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Baking process of flue-cured tobacco variety KRK26 and corresponding operating technology |
CN104687232A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-06-10 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Special tobacco leaf production method for Xueyaxiang cigarette products |
CN106418646A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-02-22 | 平顶山市烟草公司汝州市分公司 | Upper tobacco harvesting and curing process for growing special flue-cured tobacco |
CN112137149A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Efficient and controllable flue-cured tobacco airing room and flue-cured tobacco leaf airing method thereof |
CN112137149B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-08-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Efficient and controllable flue-cured tobacco airing house and airing method of flue-cured tobacco leaves thereof |
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