CN103238485A - Heat pump type greenhouse air conditioning system with solar photovoltaic power supply function and underground water source - Google Patents
Heat pump type greenhouse air conditioning system with solar photovoltaic power supply function and underground water source Download PDFInfo
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of new energy utilization, and particularly relates to a heat pump type greenhouse air conditioning system with a solar photovoltaic power supply function and an underground water source. The heat pump type greenhouse air conditioning system with the solar photovoltaic power supply function and the underground water source comprises an underground water source and heat pump system and a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a greenhouse is refrigerated and heated by the underground water source and a heat pumps, and power is supplied for the underground water source and heat pump system by the aid of a solar photovoltaic technology. The underground water source and heat pump system comprises an underground water heat exchange system, a heat pump unit and a tail-end system, the solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises a solar photovoltaic array, a direct-current power distribution cabinet, an alternating-current power distribution cabinet and a grid-connected inverter, the solar photovoltaic power generation system and a public power grid are matched with each other to supply the power, effects of continuous energy conservation and emission reduction can be realized, and shortcomings of instability and high cost of solar energy are overcome. Besides, amorphous thin-film solar panels are adopted, are low in manufacturing cost and high in light transmittance, can generate the power without affecting growth of crops, and do not additionally occupy land when built on a roof of the greenhouse, sunshade for the greenhouse in summer is omitted, and the investment is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the utilization of new energy resources field, be specifically related to solar photovoltaic powered groundwater heat pump greenhouse air conditioner energy-saving system.
Background technology
Modern agricultural development is to the demand of new forms of energy and use more and more widely, and at present heating of greenhouse mainly adopts that coal burning water heating is heated, gas and hot water adds gentle warm air oil furnace heating system, these heating modes a large amount of fossil class energy that need burn, can discharge great amount of carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas and pernicious gas, the harm ecotope.Therefore, many clean energy resourcies such as solar energy and shallow layer geothermal energy utilize technology etc. to cause scholars' concern gradually.Shallow-layer ground can utilization mainly be to realize by ground source heat pump technology, this be a kind of with thin solum or underground water as air-conditioning thermal source or low-temperature receiver, have the heat pump techniques that adds gentle refrigeration dual-use function concurrently.Solar energy becomes the focus that people pay close attention to its exclusive advantage, and abundant solar radiant energy is inexhaustible, nexhaustible, pollution-free, safe renewable energy resources.And at present to the solar energy utilization mainly in heat utilization, the device of solar electrical energy generation also is placed on the vacant lot mostly, has taken a large amount of land resources, and mainly adopt the crystal silicon solar batteries plate, its cost is very high, and is big for energy resource consumption in the production, light tight can't be integrated with the greenhouse.
Photovoltaic generation and earth source heat pump are not combined for the heating refrigeration in greenhouse at present.Number of patent application is 200620158436.4, in the technical scheme that patent name provides for a kind of Chinese utility model patent that has the greenhouse/ecological hotel of earth source heat pump, earth source heat pump is carried out heating refrigeration and the domestic hot-water is provided the greenhouse, a machine three-use, but use the driven by power earth source heat pump of national grid, the one, cost is still to have more greenhouse gas emission, contaminated environment than Senior Two.Number of patent application is 201120486401.4, in the technical scheme that patent name provides for the Chinese utility model patent of Taiyangnengguangfuwen Room's booth, solar energy power generating is used for the greenhouse, and is integrated with the greenhouse, but uses photovoltaic generation fully, and cost is too high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system, to overcome the shortcoming of earth source heat pump formula greenhouse and Taiyangnengguangfuwen Room, make both to have social benefit and also have economic benefit.
The solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system that the present invention proposes, a kind of solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system, comprise groundwater heat pump system and solar photovoltaic generation system, the groundwater heat pump system comprises underground water heat-exchange system, source pump and end system, wherein:
The underground water heat-exchange system comprises immersible pump 1, desander 2, water source side electronic scale remover 3, plate type heat exchanger 4, water source side water circulating pump 5 and water source side small pump 15, immersible pump 1 connects the water source influent side of plate type heat exchanger 4 successively by desander 2, water source side electronic scale remover 3, user's water outlet side of plate type heat exchanger 4 connects water source side small pump 15 and water source side water circulating pump 5 respectively, water source side water circulating pump 5 connects the source pump arrival end, and the source pump port of export connects user's influent side of plate type heat exchanger 4 and gets back to inverted well;
Source pump comprises evaporator 6, compressor 7, expansion valve 8 and condenser 9, and compressor 7 ports of export connect condenser 9, expansion valve 8 and evaporator 6 successively, and evaporator 6 ports of export connect compressor 7 arrival ends;
End system comprises user's side water circulating pump 10, user's side electronic scale remover 11, user's side small pump 12 and fan coil 18, source pump connects fan coil 18, fan coil 18 ports of export connect user's side electronic scale remover 11, user's side small pump 12 and user's side water circulating pump 10 successively, water source side and user's side share an automatical softener 14 and softening water tank 13, and softening water tank 13 links to each other with user's side small pump 12 with water source side small pump 15 respectively; The underground water heat-exchange system links to each other by source pump with end system;
Solar photovoltaic generation system is made up of and the public electric wire net cooperated power supply photovoltaic square formation group 20, DC power distribution cabinet 21, combining inverter 22 and AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel 23; Combining inverter 22 connects photovoltaic square formation group 20 and AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel 23 respectively, the direct current that photovoltaic square formation group 20 produces is supplied with the groundwater heat pump system after combining inverter 22 converts alternating current to, unnecessary electric power feeds back to electrical network by AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel 23, when the generating electric energy can not satisfy power demands, just supplied with by electrical network.
The present invention utilizes groundwater heat pump heating refrigeration greenhouse, analyze phreatic cold and hot balance, utilize winter and discharge in phreatic heat and summer to phreatic heat balance whether, if differ more than 15%, auxiliary heat dissipation such as handpiece Water Chilling Units or heating measure such as gas fired-boiler need be set guarantee underground balancing the load, thereby guarantee groundwater heat pump efficiently operation all the year round.
The earth source heat pump unit that the present invention adopts needs to select according to the greenhouse design cooling and heating load that calculates, and considers certain affluence amount, gets rich coefficient 1.1.
Groundwater abstraction flow of the present invention should be that to measure higher value be the needed rate of discharge of groundwater for the groundwater flow in winter in summer that calculates.
The flow lift of the water circulating pump among the present invention should have 10-20% affluence amount, and lift is pipe network index circuit drag overall calculated value.Immersible pump is according to the flow of the pumped well of calculating, also need consider the safety coefficient of 10%-20%, the immersible pump lift is that the minimum water-absorption surface of the suction pump of run duration pumped well is to the vertical height of the highest horizontal plane of inverted well and the tube friction between the return riser in suction pump and the inverted well.
Design quantity spacing and the recycling mode of thermal source well among the present invention according to the hydrogeologic condition in area, greenhouse.
The fan coil that its air conditioning terminal adopts among the present invention is arranged according to the chamber crop growing state, should not arrange eminence, on ground around the arranging section fan coil, all the other are not influencing aerial average layout of plant growth.
Solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system and other traditional energy-provision way that the present invention proposes carry out the energy consumption cost analysis, and energy consumption is low, and operating cost is low, has long-term interest.
Solar cell array is placed on the top, greenhouse among the present invention; when thunderstorm takes place, be struck by lightning especially easily and damage, and solar module and inverter are relatively more expensive; for avoiding causing economic loss because of thunderbolt and surge, effective lightning protection and surge protection be arranged.
Solar battery is made up of the amorphous silicon membrane cell panel among the present invention, and cost is low, and the light transmittance height does not influence plant growth, carry out arranged according to greenhouse roof, integrated with the greenhouse, land occupation is not both artistic and practical, also can have the effect of shading summer, do not need to establish in addition external sunshade, reduces investment outlay.
Among the present invention according to can utilizing the greenhouse roof area as the photovoltaic arrays area, by the year solar radiation cell panel capacity that can obtain the theoretical generated energy of solar energy and need.
The solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula of the present invention greenhouse air-conditioning system has overcome the shortcoming of earth source heat pump formula greenhouse and Taiyangnengguangfuwen Room, makes both to have social benefit and also have economic benefit.Concrete advantage is as follows:
(1) realizes sustainable energy-saving and emission-reduction, the comprehensive utilization new forms of energy;
(2) solar photovoltaic generation system and public electric wire net cooperated power supply remedy the solar energy instability and are subjected to weather effect characteristics and the too high shortcoming of cost;
(3) application of amorphous silicon membrane cell panel makes photovoltaic device and greenhouse integrated, saves land resources, makes more both artistic and practically, can generate electricity and does not influence plant growth, and also can have the effect of shading summer, do not need to establish in addition external sunshade, reduces investment outlay;
(4) fan coil of its air conditioning terminal employing is arranged according to the chamber crop growing state, should not arrange eminence, arranging section fan coil around on ground, plant growth is aerial average arranges not influencing for all the other, not only can guarantee that crop grows vigorously but also saves energy consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the greenhouse fan coil location drawing.Wherein (a) is front view, (b) is plane.
Number in the figure: 1-immersible pump; The 2-desander; 3-water source side electronic scale remover; The 4-plate type heat exchanger; 5-water source side water circulating pump; The 6-evaporator; The 7-compressor; The 8-expansion valve; The 9-condenser; 10-user's side water circulating pump; 11-user's side electronic scale remover; 12-user's side small pump; The 13-softening water tank; The 14-automatical softener; 15-water source side small pump; The 16-water intake well; The 17-inverted well; The 18-fan coil; The 19-greenhouse; 20-photovoltaic square formation group; The 21-DC power distribution cabinet; The 22-combining inverter; The 23-AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel; The 24-lightning protection device; The V1-V8-valve; 25,26,27,28 is fan coil of respectively arranging all around on ground, greenhouse, and each side has 3,29,30,31,32 is fan coil of respectively arranging around the eminence 2.5m place in the greenhouse, and each side has 3, label 33,34,35 in the greenhouse overhead 2.5m place on average arrange in the centre position 3 exhaust blower coil pipes, 3 of every rows.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings below by example.
Embodiment 1: with the greenhouse of described system for certain city colleges and universities, it is adopted solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula air-conditioning system, its basic parameter is as follows: greenhouse floor space 927m
2, long 32.2m, wide 28.8m nine strides totally, whenever strides 3.2m, and greenhouse shoulder height 3.7m rises 4.6m, and peripheral structure is the individual layer float glass, and 5mm is thick, supports with metal framework.
Solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system comprises groundwater heat pump system and solar photovoltaic generation system, utilizes groundwater heat pump refrigeration and heating greenhouse, by solar-photovoltaic technology power supply earth-source hot-pump system.The groundwater heat pump system comprises the underground water heat-exchange system, source pump and end system, the underground water heat-exchange system comprises immersible pump 1, desander 2, water source side electronic scale remover 3, plate type heat exchanger 4, water source side water circulating pump 5, water source side small pump 15, immersible pump 1 is by desander 2, water source side electronic scale remover 3 connects the water source influent side of plate type heat exchanger 4, user's water outlet side of plate type heat exchanger 4 connects water source side small pump 15 and water source side water circulating pump 5 successively, water source side water circulating pump 5 connects the source pump arrival end, the source pump port of export connects user's influent side of plate type heat exchanger 4 and gets back to inverted well, source pump comprises evaporator 6, compressor 7, expansion valve 8, condenser 9, compressor 7 ports of export connect condenser 9 successively, expansion valve 8 and evaporator 6, evaporator 6 ports of export connect compressor 7 arrival ends, end system comprises user's side water circulating pump 10, user's side electronic scale remover 11, user's side small pump 12 and fan coil 18, source pump connects fan coil 18, fan coil 18 ports of export connect user's side electronic scale remover 11 successively, user's side small pump 12 and user's side water circulating pump 10, water source side and user's side share an automatical softener 14 and softening water tank 13, softening water tank 13 links to each other with user's side small pump 12 with water source side small pump 15 respectively, and the underground water heat-exchange system links to each other by source pump with end system.The groundwater heat pump system be with underground water as cold carrier of heat energy, utilize heat pump to draw heat 19 heating to the greenhouse in the underground water in the winter time, summer heat pump draw cold in the underground water to the greenhouse 19 coolings.By change underground water enter the different heat exchanger of source pump (evaporator and condenser) but realize can heat supply cooling again.Open valve v1 when heat winter, v2, v3, v4, valve-off v5, v6, v7, v8; Valve-off v1 when freeze summer, v2, v3, v4 opens valve v5, v6, v7, v8.Solar photovoltaic generation system is by photovoltaic square formation group 20, DC power distribution cabinet 21, and combining inverter 22 and AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel 23 are formed and the public electric wire net cooperated power supplies.The direct current that photovoltaic square formation group 20 produces is supplied with groundwater heat pump and greenhouse system after combining inverter 22 converts alternating current to, unnecessary electric power feeds back to electrical network, when the generating electric energy can not satisfy power demands, is just supplied with by electrical network.
Calculate the summer air-conditioning refrigeration duty with the load coefficient method, directly try to achieve the hourly cooling load of respectively itemizing from the various values of disturbing by cooling load temperature and refrigeration duty coefficient, the maximum of every hourly cooling load sum is the refrigeration duty in greenhouse, and calculating refrigeration duty is 209.4kw; Design for heating engineering, can not calculate the greenhouse and need the heat that replenishes in each time at quarter, but select a very disadvantageous condition, calculate the heat that it need replenish, in the actual engineering, because the outdoor environment minimum temperature generally came across after midnight to morning, the heating load of this moment requires maximum, therefore the general usefulness of greenhouse design heating load this moment is as design space-heating load, and calculating thermic load is 220.7kw.
This greenhouse heat supply in winter time is annual March 10 December 1 to next year, totally 101 days, summer cooling time be June 1 every year to September 20, totally 112 days.Geothermal heat pump air-conditioning system moves 24 hours every day, gets operating factor 0.8.Known plant factor's annual consumption cold 1.62 * 10 by load result of calculation
9KJ, heat consumption 1.54 * 10
9KJ, need toward underground heat exhaust 1.62 * 10 summer
9KJ, winter need be from underground heat-obtaining amount 1.54 * 10
9KJ, the underground whole year, cold and hot amount imbalance 5% need not to take auxiliary heat dissipation or heat supply measure to guarantee underground balancing the load.The underground heat exhaust balance of getting is the basis that earth-source hot-pump system designs, and guarantees earth source heat pump high-efficiency operation all the year round.
Select source pump according to the greenhouse design cooling and heating load that calculates, consider certain affluence amount, get rich coefficient 1.1.Heating capacity is 230.34kw for the 242.75kw refrigerating capacity.Choose a heating capacity 264kw, full load efficiency 5.02, input power 53kw, refrigerating capacity 240kw, full load efficiency 6.63, the middle warm type water resource heat pump of input power 36kw.
The underground water pump-out is 15.15 m when heating
3/ h, the underground water pump-out is 32.46 m during refrigeration
3/ h, then the underground water pump-out is 32.46 m
3/ h.
User's side is selected lift 24.2m, flow 45.92m
3Two in the water circulating pump of/h, the using and the reserved, power is 7.5Kw.The water source side is selected two in water circulating pump, the using and the reserved, lift 15.8m, flow 25.1 m
3/ h, power 3kw.Choosing lift is 77m, and flow is 35.7 m
3One on the immersible pump of/h, power are 18.5kw.
This location, greenhouse underground reservoir is second artesian aquifer, water-bearing layer top board buried depth 60-80m, and base plate buried depth 100-120m, more than the thickness 30m of water-bearing layer, watery is strong, individual well water yield 1000-5000m
3/ d allows to fall dark 5m, ground water temperature 20-21 degree, and osmotic coefficient 0.83-1.88m/h, lithology is sand gravel.In the water-bearing layer of good penetrability, inverted well should be laid in the upstream of adopting well, can play the effect of direct supply, and water-bearing layer, this area permeability is better, and is sand stone layer, and the well spacing should be about 100m.In the gravel cobble water-bearing layer, the unit amount of recharging is generally more than 80% of specific capacity, and in the coarse sand water-bearing layer, the amount of recharging is water yield 50%-70%, should establish one and takes out two jars of large open wells according to recharging the water yield.The water-bearing layer permeability is better, and water yield is little, can adopt the gravity recycling mode.
According to the greenhouse burden requirement, select Shen, 33 Wuxis to reach the FP-14 of air-conditioning company fan coil, specified refrigerating capacity 7400w, specified heating capacity 11160w, power 90w.According to the characteristics in greenhouse, plant growth is at the greenhouse lower, and is less demanding to the eminence air themperature.See fan coil layout drawing (a) (b), respectively arrange 3 typhoon coilers all around on ground, greenhouse, label is 25,26,27,28, in the greenhouse, respectively arrange 3 typhoon coilers, label 29,30 around the eminence 2.5m place, 31,32, overhead 2.5m place on average arranges 3 exhaust blower coil pipes in the centre position in the greenhouse, 3 of every rows, label 33,34,35.
According to municipal resources supplIes, site condition, building function and the load character in this greenhouse, the Cooling and Heat Source scheme that might be fit to this project mainly contains: (1) earth source heat pump (2) handpiece Water Chilling Units and boiler supporting (3) directly burning lithium bromide hot and cold water unit.Relatively obtaining every square metre of initial cost by aspects such as initial cost, operating costs is 737 yuan, and 383 yuan and 390 yuan, every square metre of operating cost is 123 yuan, 210 yuan and 264 yuan.Though the initial cost of earth source heat pump is higher, the investment payback time that obtains earth source heat pump according to top data is 4 years, and the use of heat pump main frame can be 25 years.Source, old place heat pump long-time running expense is low, and energy-saving and emission-reduction again have long-range interests.
Shanghai is positioned at north latitude 31 degree 14 minutes, and east longitude 121 degree 29 minutes belong to the monsoon region, subtropics, average temperature of the whole year 16.5 degree, and it is moistening to have a moderate climate, and the precipitation abundance makes a clear distinction between the four seasons.Horizontal plane solar irradiation amount is about 4700 MJ/ (m
2Year), be equivalent to 1305.6 kWh/ (m
2Year).The fine average sunshine time in area, Shanghai is lO hour, and the average of the whole year sunshine duration is 2109.7 hours.It is maximum with summer that sunshine duration distributes, and reaches 600-700 hour, account for annual when total number 1/3rd, winter is minimum, be 360-465 hour, account for and count 18%-23% when annual total that solar radiation quantity distributes maximum with summer, account for the whole year 1/3rd, winter is minimum, accounts for annual 16%.Greenhouse roof can utilize area to be about 1000m
2, the annual theoretical generated energy of photovoltaic system is 85021kwh, and annual total power consumption is 341378kwh, and then the generated energy in solar energy power generating every year accounts for 25% of premier's opinion generated energy.Annual power consumption 25% is 85344.5kwh, and annual sunshine duration 2109.7h considers the photovoltaic plate efficiency, 74%, and then the solar cell array general power is 54667wp.
Every watt of thin-film solar cell panel price is 6 yuan, then needs 330,000 yuan, adds expense estimation needs costs 550,000 such as inverter.Adopt first year of photovoltaic generation can save 85344.5 degree electricity, save 5.2 ten thousand yuan of the electricity charge.Be 25 years the projected life of system, the annual linear attenuation 8 ‰ of generated energy, and the 1940000 degree electricity that then can generate electricity are altogether saved the electricity charge 4.8 ten thousand every year on average.
The 360 gram mark coals of the every generation of China's thermal power generation electric energy mean consumption once at present, after this project implementation, solar photovoltaic powered groundwater heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system is with traditional energy-provision way such as handpiece Water Chilling Units adds gas fired-boiler and directly burning lithium bromide hot and cold water unit is compared, CO2 emissions in 25 years is respectively 3174 tons, 5010 tons and 4545 tons, emission reduction effect is obvious.In addition, solar photovoltaic powered groundwater heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system can also reduce discharging a large amount of sulphur dioxide, oxynitrides, dust and flue dust.
Solar cell array is placed on the top, greenhouse, when thunderstorm takes place, be struck by lightning especially easily and damage, and solar module and inverter is relatively more expensive, for avoiding causing economic loss because of thunderbolt and surge, effective lightning protection and surge protection be arranged.
Solar battery is made up of the amorphous silicon membrane cell panel, and cost is low, and the light transmittance height does not influence plant growth, carry out arranged according to greenhouse roof, integrated with the greenhouse, land occupation is not both artistic and practical, also can have the effect of shading summer, do not need to establish in addition external sunshade, reduces investment outlay.
Claims (1)
1. a solar photovoltaic powered earth source heat pump formula greenhouse air-conditioning system comprises groundwater heat pump system and solar photovoltaic generation system, and the groundwater heat pump system comprises underground water heat-exchange system, source pump and end system, it is characterized in that:
The underground water heat-exchange system comprises immersible pump (1), desander (2), water source side electronic scale remover (3), plate type heat exchanger (4), water source side water circulating pump (5) and water source side small pump (15), immersible pump (1) is successively by desander (2), water source side electronic scale remover (3) connects the water source influent side of plate type heat exchanger (4), user's water outlet side of plate type heat exchanger (4) connects water source side small pump (15) and water source side water circulating pump (5) respectively, water source side water circulating pump (5) connects the source pump arrival end, and the source pump port of export connects user's influent side of plate type heat exchanger (4) and gets back to inverted well;
Source pump comprises evaporator (6), compressor (7), expansion valve (8) and condenser (9), and compressor (7) port of export connects condenser (9), expansion valve (8) and evaporator (6) successively, and evaporator (6) port of export connects compressor (7) arrival end;
End system comprises user's side water circulating pump (10), user's side electronic scale remover (11), user's side small pump (12) and fan coil (18), source pump connects fan coil (18), fan coil (18) port of export connects user's side electronic scale remover (11), user's side small pump (12) and user's side water circulating pump (10) successively, water source side and user's side share an automatical softener (14) and softening water tank (13), and softening water tank (13) links to each other with user's side small pump (12) with water source side small pump (15) respectively; The underground water heat-exchange system links to each other by source pump with end system;
Solar photovoltaic generation system is made up of and the public electric wire net cooperated power supply photovoltaic square formation group (20), DC power distribution cabinet (21), combining inverter (22) and AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel (23); Combining inverter (22) connects photovoltaic square formation group (20) and AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel (23) respectively, the direct current that photovoltaic square formation group (20) produces is supplied with the groundwater heat pump system after combining inverter (22) converts alternating current to, unnecessary electric power feeds back to electrical network by AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel (23), when the generating electric energy can not satisfy power demands, supplied with by electrical network.
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CN109124390A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of pump type heat thermal insulation carrier for food |
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CN110425772B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2023-10-31 | 浙江宝利特新能源股份有限公司 | Solar heat pump system and working method thereof |
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