CN103224802A - Biomass drying and carbonization system and application thereof - Google Patents
Biomass drying and carbonization system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103224802A CN103224802A CN201310151090XA CN201310151090A CN103224802A CN 103224802 A CN103224802 A CN 103224802A CN 201310151090X A CN201310151090X A CN 201310151090XA CN 201310151090 A CN201310151090 A CN 201310151090A CN 103224802 A CN103224802 A CN 103224802A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass drying and carbonization system comprising a raw material crushing mechanism, a raw material delivery mechanism, a raw material chamber, a blower fan, a small combustion chamber, a carbonization furnace, a flue gas de-dust ash hopper, and a solid coke chamber. With the raw material crushing mechanism, a biomass raw material is cut and crushed; a small amount of the crushed raw material is delivered into the small combustion chamber by the raw material delivery mechanism, and most of the crushed raw material is delivered into the raw material chamber; high-temperature flue gas produced by complete combustion of the biomass raw material in the small combustion chamber is delivered into the carbonization furnace, and is used for heating and carbonizing the most of the biomass raw material blanked from the raw material chamber; solid coke produced by carbonization is delivered into the solid coke chamber; produced low-heat-value pyrolysis gas and low-temperature flue gas produced by heat exchange of the high-temperature flue gas and the biomass raw material requiring carbonization are delivered back to the small combustion chamber to be recovered; and produced liquid product is delivered into a chute through an orifice plate, and is collected through a collection pipe. With the biomass drying and carbonization system provided by the invention, a thermal efficiency during the entire biomass carbonization process is high, and a final solid coke yield reaches 50-60%.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device of bioenergy technical field, is specifically related to the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass.
Background technology
Biomass energy is a kind of renewable energy source, and pollutents such as sulfur-bearing, nitrogen are few, and thermochemistry transforms can not cause extra Carbon emission.Compare with fossil oils such as coal, oil, biomass moisture content height, ash oontent is few, and energy density is low, and resource is disperseed and is had seasonal characteristics.
Since biomass moisture content height, the tar content height of direct gasification, and influence gasification gas synthesizes and combustion power generation in internal combustion turbine or oil engine at chemical industry.Can remove most of moisture by the carbonization pre-treatment, and because reaction such as decarboxylation, make that oxygen element content reduces among solid Jiao, and low O/C be than burning that helps biomass char or gasification reaction.
Chinese patent literature CN1673317A, open day 2005-9-28, put down in writing a kind of " carbonization of biomass and gasification and power generation assembly ", this device comprises carbonizer, gasifier and generating set, carbonizer is made up of a plurality of independently carbonizations chamber, and take turns to operate, the mode of high-temperature flue gas indirect heating is adopted in the carbonization chamber, and its effect is to produce char-forming material.Up to 600 ℃, time length 30 ~ 60min because this process energy requirement is big, must has high temperature heat source and just can reach such as discharge of gas turbine tail gas and compare higher economical efficiency this device to the carbonization temperature of biomass.Yet, if too high for the stalk biomass carbonization temperature, overlong time, cause too much volatile matter to discharge, the solid coke ratio rate that obtains is very low, by patent CN1673317A record, with the China fir sheet be example through 500 ~ 600 ℃ of carbonizations after the burnt yield of solid be about 13%.Therefore carbonization process energy retention is very low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, problem such as solid burnt yield low big at above-mentioned carbonization process biomass high temperature pyrolysis institute energy requirement, the high-temperature flue gas that proposes to adopt biomass self burning to produce supplies the required energy of carbonization process, actual carbonization temperature is controlled at 200 ~ 300 ℃, to obtain the burnt yield of high as far as possible solid.And improve the carbide furnace structure, guarantee that gaseous product, liquid product and the solid product of carbonization process effectively separates.
Know-why of the present invention
By the carbide furnace structure is improved, transmit biomass material by the feeding auger, continuing carbonization in this process is pyrolysis.Add orifice plate under the feeding auger, outlet is provided with 15 ° skewed slot from the feed(raw material)inlet to the carbide furnace under orifice plate, is beneficial to the collection of product liquid.Biomass material falls in the carbide furnace from former feed bin, moves to the burnt pipeline that falls gradually under the drive of feeding auger, and the high-temperature flue gas from small combustion chamber in the moving process heats carbonization to biomass.The liquid product that carbonization produces is that liquid tar and moisture flow in the skewed slot by orifice plate, being collected to the collection pipeline then collects, the high-temperature flue gas that low heat value pyrolysis gas that carbonization produces and small combustion chamber feed carbide furnace with the biomass material heat exchange after the low-temperature flue gas that becomes all send into small combustion chamber and recycle via collecting the bypass duct that is provided with on the pipeline and blower fan successively, solid Jiao that carbonization produces falls into the solid coke bin from the burnt pipeline that falls of carbide furnace outlet.
Biomass material is through after pulverizing, and small portion falls into the small combustion chamber burning and produces high-temperature flue gas, and is most of by ingredient conveyor structure charging feed storehouse, falls into carbide furnace again.High-temperature flue gas enters carbide furnace through the flue gas fairlead and keeps promptly 200 ~ 300 ℃ of the required temperature of biomass carbonization in the carbide furnace in direct-fired mode in the small combustion chamber.
Technical scheme of the present invention
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism, ingredient conveyor structure, former feed bin, blower fan, small combustion chamber, carbide furnace, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper and solid coke bin;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism is an electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber is provided with the slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material inlet I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber;
The outlet of described blower fan links to each other with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber, in order to the air in the external world is sent in the small combustion chamber;
The slag notch of small combustion chamber bottom is connected with residue outlet, in order to discharge lime-ash and the balance small combustion chamber flue gas pressures that the burning of small combustion chamber endogenous substance produces;
The top of described former feed bin is provided with former feed bin inlet, and the bottom is provided with former feed bin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise obliquely belt conveyor and vertically downward fall pipe, one end of described belt conveyor obliquely links to each other with raw material pulverizing mechanism, in order to accept the biomass material that raw material pulverizing mechanism crushes, the other end links to each other with former feed bin inlet, a described end that falls pipe vertically downward is arranged on the centre of belt conveyor obliquely, and the biomass material inlet I at the other end and small combustion chamber top joins;
Described carbide furnace is provided with biomass material inlet II, high-temperature flue gas entry, bosom is provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger, one end of feeding auger links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace by the auger bearing I, the other end of feeding auger links to each other with the driving motor of the feeding auger that is positioned at the carbide furnace outside after being fixed on the auger bearing II on the carbide furnace, be provided with horizontally disposed orifice plate under the feeding auger, the orifice plate position of the end of corresponding feeding auger is provided with the carbide furnace outlet, and the carbide furnace outlet directly is connected with the solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
The perforate aperture of described orifice plate is preferably 3mm, percentage of open area is preferably 60%;
In the carbide furnace corresponding orifice plate under be provided with the downward-sloping 15 ° skewed slot of level, on skewed slot, be provided with a funnelform collection pipeline near the burnt pipeline that falls, on funnelform collection pipeline, be provided with an other bypass pipeline and in parallel, in order to reclaim the low-temperature flue gas that becomes after high-temperature flue gas that low heat value pyrolysis gas that the biomass carbonization process discharges and small combustion chamber feed carbide furnace and the biomass material heat exchange with the air line at fans entrance place;
The biomass material of carbide furnace inlet II be positioned at former feed bin under, directly link to each other with former feed bin outlet;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace through the flue gas fairlead, is provided with the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper on the flue gas fairlead, is used for the flue gas behind the small portion biomass combustion of small combustion chamber is carried out dedusting.
The application of the dry carbonization system of above-mentioned a kind of biomass in biomass material carbonization production solid Jiao, step is as follows:
Raw material pulverizing mechanism is electric hay cutter with the biomass material cutting and grinding and exports obliquely belt conveyor to, 75 ~ 82% of the biomass material total amount of belt conveyor obliquely after with cutting and grinding is sent to former feed bin, and 18 ~ 25% of total amount drops into small combustion chamber by falling pipe;
Described biomass material is agricultural wastes or forestry processing waste, wherein said agricultural wastes are wheat straw, cotton bar, rice bar, corn stalk, rape stalk, rice husk, bagasse or corn cob class processing waste, and described forestry processing waste is wood chip, wood chip, branch, leaf or wood shavings class processing waste;
Small combustion chamber is sent into air by blower fan and is struck sparks and will drop into biomass material perfect combustion in the small combustion chamber by falling pipe by ignition device, and the high-temperature flue gas that produces temperature and be 400 ~ 600 ℃ is sent into carbide furnace after the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper dedusting that the flue gas fairlead is provided with.Carbide furnace is that the heat of 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas will heat carbonization by most of biomass material that former feed bin falls by means of this temperature;
Described heating carbonization is to finish in the feeding auger will be delivered to the process of carbide furnace outlet by the biomass material that former feed bin falls, only 200 ~ 300 ℃ of actual pyrolysis carbonization temperatures, and the time is 15 ~ 30min;
Solid Jiao who produces after the carbonization falls into the solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
The pipeline bypass of the low heat value pyrolysis gas that produces after the carbonization on funnelform collection pipeline reclaimed the utilization again of promptly burning after blower fan is sent small combustion chamber back to;
The product liquid that produces in the carbonization process flows in the skewed slot by orifice plate, is collected to the collection pipeline then and collects;
Described product liquid comprises water and liquid tar;
The high-temperature flue gas that small combustion chamber produces in the carbonization process becomes low-temperature flue gas in carbide furnace with after the biomass material heat exchange, send small combustion chamber back to through bypass duct and blower fan that funnelform collection pipeline is provided with, directly mix the air of also heating blower introducing to utilize all the other heat with the air that blower fan is introduced;
The slag dropping tube that lime-ash after the perfect combustion of small combustion chamber endogenous substance raw material is provided with through the small combustion chamber bottom is discharged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of the present invention, because being the high-temperature flue gas about 400 ~ 600 ℃, the temperature that the required energy of most of biomass material carbonization is produced by the burning of the small portion biomass material in the small combustion chamber in the carbide furnace provides, or to be recycled to the temperature that produces of burning jointly behind the small combustion chamber by the pyrolysis gas that the part biological raw material in the small combustion chamber and carbonization process produce be that high-temperature flue gas about 400 ~ 600 ℃ provides, and only 200 ~ 300 ℃ of actual carbonization temperatures, time only needs 15 ~ 30min, therefore whole biomass carbonization process thermo-efficiency is higher, and final solid coke yield reaches 50 ~ 60%.And the dry carbonization system of biomass of the present invention is small and exquisite flexibly, conveniently is arranged in the biomass material place of production.
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of the present invention is operated under normal pressure, does not need vacuum, also do not need high pressure, so it is easy to operate, and is safe and reliable, can be used for handling different sorts biomass materials such as agricultural wastes or forestry processing waste.
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of the present invention, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas that carbide furnace endogenous substance carbonization institute energy requirement is mainly produced by the small portion biomass combustion in the small combustion chamber provides, it is required for the carbonization of carbide furnace endogenous substance at the heat that the small combustion chamber internal combustion produces also the low heat value pyrolysis gas that produces behind the most of biomass carbonization in the carbide furnace to be reclaimed the back simultaneously, the high-temperature flue gas that feeds carbide furnace carries out dry carbonization in direct-fired mode to the biomass in the carbide furnace, promptly carries out the heat exchange efficiency height that the indirect heating mode is adopted in carbonization than biomass material in the prior art.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of Fig. 1, embodiment 1;
The structural representation of the carbide furnace of the dry carbonization system of the biomass among Fig. 2, the embodiment 1;
A-A is to the structural representation of analysing and observe among Fig. 3, Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further set forth below by embodiment, but do not limit the present invention.
Only provide the application of the dry carbonization system of biomass in biomass material cotton bar and wheat straw production solid Jiao in the embodiment of the invention, but do not limited the application of the dry carbonization system of biomass of the present invention in other biological raw material production solid Jiao.
Embodiment 1
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass, its structural representation comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism 1, ingredient conveyor structure, blower fan 7, former feed bin 3, small combustion chamber 4, carbide furnace 5, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper 9 and solid coke bin 13 as shown in Figure 1;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism 1 is an electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber 4 is provided with the slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material inlet I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber 4; The slag notch of bottom is connected with residue outlet 8, in order to discharge biomass material incendiary lime-ash and balance gas fume of combustion chamber pressure;
The outlet of described blower fan 7 links to each other with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber 4, in order to sending into small combustion chamber 4 by the outside air that blast main 14 is introduced;
The top of described former feed bin 3 is provided with former feed bin inlet, and the bottom is provided with former feed bin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise obliquely belt conveyor 2 and vertically downward fall the pipe 15, one end of described belt conveyor 2 obliquely links to each other with raw material pulverizing mechanism 1, in order to accept the biomass material that raw material pulverizing mechanism 1 crushes, the other end links to each other with former feed bin inlet, a described end that falls pipe 15 vertically downward is arranged on the centre of belt conveyor 2 obliquely, and the biomass material inlet I at the other end and small combustion chamber 4 tops joins;
Described carbide furnace 5, its structural representation as shown in Figure 2, comprise high-temperature flue gas entry 20, auger bearing I16, feeding auger 6, orifice plate 10, skewed slot 21, bypass duct 11, collect pipeline 12, the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, auger bearing II17, driving motor 18, biomass material inlet II19, its A-A to sectional view structural representation as shown in Figure 3.Be that carbide furnace 5 bosoms are provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger 6, one end of feeding auger 6 links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry 20 of carbide furnace by auger bearing I16, the other end of feeding auger 6 links to each other with the driving motor 18 of the feeding auger 6 that is positioned at carbide furnace 5 outsides after being fixed on the auger bearing II17 on the carbide furnace 5, being provided with horizontally disposed perforate aperture under the feeding auger 6 is 3mm, percentage of open area is 60% orifice plate 10, carbide furnace 5 is provided with the carbide furnace outlet in the position of the orifice plate 10 of the end of corresponding feeding auger 6, the carbide furnace outlet is that the burnt outlet of solid directly is connected with solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, be provided with the downward-sloping 15 ° skewed slot of level 21 under the corresponding orifice plate 10, on skewed slot, be provided with the product liquid that a funnelform collection pipeline 12 produces in order to biomass collection raw material carbonization process near the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, simultaneously collect also be provided with on the pipeline 12 a bypass pipeline 11 and with air line 14 blower fans 7 that together enter in parallel of blower fan 7 ingress, the high-temperature flue gas that this bypass duct 11 produces in order to the low heat value pyrolysis gas that reclaims the biomass material carbonization process and discharge and small combustion chamber 4 feeds carbide furnace 5 backs and biomass material in the carbide furnace 5 and carries out the low-temperature flue gas that becomes after the heat exchange, the low heat value pyrolysis gas of recovery burns and utilizes, and the low-temperature flue gas that reclaims then directly mixes the air of also heating blower 7 introducings to utilize all the other heat with the air that blower fan 7 is introduced;
The biomass material of above-mentioned carbide furnace inlet II19 be positioned at former feed bin 3 under, directly link to each other with former feed bin outlet;
Above-mentioned feeding auger 6 is carried on one side from former feed bin 3 and is fallen into the biomass material of carbide furnace 5 through biomass material inlet II19, on one side solid Jiao that will in carbide furnace 5, produce after the carbonization to be delivered to the carbide furnace outlet be that solid Jiao are collected to solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls in the burnt outlet of solid back;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber 4 links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry 20 of carbide furnace 5 through the flue gas fairlead, is provided with flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper 9 on the flue gas fairlead, is used for the flue gas behind the small portion biomass combustion of small combustion chamber 4 is carried out dedusting.
The application of the dry carbonization system of above-mentioned a kind of biomass in biomass material carbonization production solid Jiao, step is as follows:
Wherein raw material pulverizing mechanism 1 falls into ingredient conveyor structure 2 after biomass material being cut into the segment of the about 25 ~ 50mm of length, ingredient conveyor structure 2 is sent into small combustion chamber 4,75 ~ 82% charging feed storehouses 3 of total amount with 18 ~ 25% of the biomass material total amount of gained by falling pipe 15;
Small combustion chamber 4 is sent into air by blower fan 7 and is struck sparks by ignition device and will send into biomass material perfect combustion in the small combustion chamber 4, and the high-temperature flue gas about 400 ~ 600 ℃ of generation is sent into carbide furnace 5 after through 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper;
The biomass material in charging feed storehouse 3 enters the mouth the II19 blanking to carbide furnace 5 by the biomass material of carbide furnace 5, carbide furnace 5 is accepted from about 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas of small combustion chamber 4 biomass material that is fallen by former feed bin 3 to be carried out carbonization by the high-temperature flue gas entry on it 20, and it is that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls that solid Jiao who produces in the carbonization process delivers to the carbide furnace outlet through feeding auger 6; The product liquid that produces in the carbonization process falls into skewed slot 21 by orifice plate 10, is pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 then and collects; The low heat value pyrolysis gas that produces in the carbonization process via the pipeline bypass 11 on the funnelform collection pipeline 12 after blower fan 7 is sent small combustion chamber 4 back to burns and to utilize; Small combustion chamber 4 be passed in the carbide furnace 5 about 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas with the biomass material heat exchange for the treatment of carbonization after become low-temperature flue gas, via the pipeline bypass 11 on the funnelform collection pipeline 12 after blower fan 7 send small combustion chamber 4 back to and utilize the air of its waste heat heating by blast main 14;
The residue outlet 8 that lime-ash after the small combustion chamber 4 endogenous substance raw material perfect combustions is provided with through small combustion chamber 4 bottoms is discharged.
Application Example 1
The dry carbonization system of the described a kind of biomass of embodiment 1 carries out carbonization at biomass material cotton bar and produces application among solid Jiao, and concrete steps are as follows:
Cotton bar with natural air drying is a raw material, moisture content only is 2.0% in the stalk behind natural air drying, through raw material pulverizing machine 1 is that to cut into length be segment about 25mm to electric hay cutter, cutting off the cotton bar of back total amount 18% sends in the small combustion chamber 4, the cotton bar of total amount 82% is sent into carbide furnace 5, send into air by blower fan 7 in the small combustion chamber 4 and strike sparks and make the cotton bar burning of sending in the small combustion chamber 4 by ignition device, the temperature that produces is about 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas and all sends into the cotton bar of the total amount 82% that carbide furnace 5 heating fall by former feed bin 3 after through 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper and carry out carbonization, about 200 ~ 300 ℃ of actual carbonization temperature, the time is 15 ~ 30min.Cotton bar carbonization process obtains three kinds of products, is respectively gaseous product (low heat value pyrolysis gas), product liquid (moisture and liquid tar), solid product (solid Jiao).All gaseous product is sent the heat release of burning once more in the small combustion chamber 4 back to through bypass duct 11, fall into skewed slot 21 after product liquid leaks down via orifice plate 10 and be pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 and collect, and solid product to deliver to carbide furnace outlet by feeding auger 6 be that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, 400 ~ 600 ℃ the high-temperature flue gas that small combustion chamber 4 feeds carbide furnace 5 in the low-temperature flue gas for the treatment of to become after the biomass material cotton bar heat exchange of carbonization via 11 recyclings of the bypass duct on the funnelform collection pipeline 12.The low-temperature flue gas that reclaims directly mixes and adds warm air in order to using its waste heat with the air of being sent here by blast main 14.
The cotton bar of 1kg after super-dry, wherein 0.18kg cotton bar is sent into small combustion chamber 4; Carry out carbonization 0.82kg the cotton bar is sent into carbide furnace 5, finally obtain the burnt 0.52kg of solid, product liquid 0.04kg, gaseous product 0.26kg.Wherein the moisture proportion surpasses 75% in the product liquid, and gaseous product is mainly CO
2With a small amount of CO, CO
2Proportion surpasses 80%.Do not consider institute's heat content in the product liquid, whole process energy productive rate about 60%.
Application Example 2
The dry carbonization system of the described a kind of biomass of embodiment 1 carries out carbonization the biomass material wheat straw and produces application among solid Jiao, and concrete steps are as follows:
Wheat straw with natural air drying after gathering in is a biomass material, stalk moisture content behind the natural air drying only is 3.5%, through raw material pulverizing device 1 is that to cut into length be segment about 25mm to electric hay cutter, cutting off the wheat straw of back total amount 25% sends in the small combustion chamber 4, the wheat straw of total amount 75% is sent into carbide furnace 5, send into air by blower fan 7 in the small combustion chamber 4 and strike sparks and make the wheat straw burning of sending in the small combustion chamber 4 by ignition device, producing temperature is about 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas and all sends into the wheat straw of the total amount 75% that carbide furnace 5 heating fall by former feed bin 3 after through 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper and carry out carbonization, about 200 ~ 300 ℃ of actual carbonization temperature, the time is 15 ~ 30min.The wheat straw carbonization process obtains three kinds of products, is respectively gaseous product (low heat value pyrolysis gas), product liquid (moisture and liquid tar), solid product (solid Jiao).To be solid Jiao deliver to the carbide furnace outlet by feeding auger 6 to solid product is that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, fall into skewed slot 21 and be pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 after the whole product liquids that produce leak down via the aperture of orifice plate 10 and collect, gaseous product is sent into small combustion chamber 4 through bypass duct 11 and is burnt and to utilize, and the high-temperature flue gas that small combustion chamber 4 feeds is carbide furnace 5 in and treat that the low-temperature flue gas that becomes after the biomass material wheat straw heat exchange of carbonization sends into small combustion chamber 4 via the bypass duct 11 on the funnelform collection pipeline 12 and carry out heat recovery.The low-temperature flue gas that reclaims directly mixes and adds warm air in order to using its waste heat with the air that blast main 14 is sent here.
The wheat straw of 1kg wherein has 0.25kg in small combustion chamber 4 burnings after super-dry, and 0.75kg sends into carbide furnace 5 and carries out carbonization, finally obtains solid burnt 0.36kg, product liquid 0.06kg, gas 0.33kg.Wherein the moisture proportion surpasses 75% in the product liquid, and gaseous product is mainly CO
2With a small amount of CO, CO
2Proportion surpasses 80%.Do not consider institute's heat content in the product liquid, whole process energy productive rate about 52%.
In sum, the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of the present invention carries out carbonization to biomass material and promptly earlier biomass material is divided into two portions, wherein small part is used for burning generation high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas that produces by small portion biomass material burning sends into that the most of biomass material of direct heating carries out carbonization in the carbide furnace, the primary product that most of biomass material carbonization in the carbide furnace produces has gaseous product, burnt three kinds of liquid product and solid, wherein the burnt proportion of solid reaches 48 ~ 63%, gaseous product introducing small combustion chamber is burnt to be recycled once more, and the energy productive rate of whole carbonization process surpasses 50%.
Foregoing only is the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the dry carbonization system of biomass is characterized in that the dry carbonization system of described biomass comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism, ingredient conveyor structure, former feed bin, blower fan, small combustion chamber, carbide furnace, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper and solid coke bin;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism is an electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber is provided with the slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material inlet I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber;
The outlet of described blower fan links to each other with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber, and the slag notch of small combustion chamber bottom is connected with residue outlet;
The top of described former feed bin is provided with former feed bin inlet, and the bottom is provided with former feed bin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise obliquely belt conveyor and vertically downward fall pipe, one end of described belt conveyor obliquely links to each other with raw material pulverizing mechanism, the other end links to each other with former feed bin inlet, a described end that falls pipe vertically downward is arranged on the centre of belt conveyor obliquely, and the biomass material inlet I at the other end and small combustion chamber top joins;
Described carbide furnace is provided with biomass material inlet II, high-temperature flue gas entry, bosom is provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger, one end of feeding auger links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace by the auger bearing I, the other end of feeding auger links to each other with the driving motor of the feeding auger that is positioned at the carbide furnace outside after being fixed on the auger bearing II on the carbide furnace, be provided with horizontally disposed orifice plate under the feeding auger, the orifice plate position of the end of corresponding feeding auger is provided with the carbide furnace outlet, and the carbide furnace outlet directly is connected with the solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
In the carbide furnace corresponding orifice plate under be provided with the downward-sloping 15 ° skewed slot of level, on skewed slot, be provided with a funnelform collection pipeline, on funnelform collection pipeline, be provided with an other bypass pipeline and in parallel with the air line at fans entrance place near the burnt pipeline that falls;
The biomass material of carbide furnace inlet II be positioned at former feed bin under, directly link to each other with the outlet of former feed bin;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber links to each other with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace through the flue gas fairlead, is provided with the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper on the flue gas fairlead.
2. the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass as claimed in claim 1, the perforate aperture that it is characterized in that described orifice plate is that 3mm, percentage of open area are 60%.
3. the application of the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in biomass material carbonization production solid Jiao is characterized in that step is as follows:
Raw material pulverizing mechanism is with the biomass material cutting and grinding and export obliquely belt conveyor to, 75 ~ 82% charging feed storehouses of the biomass material total amount of belt conveyor after with cutting and grinding, and 18 ~ 25% of total amount falls into small combustion chamber by falling pipe;
Small combustion chamber is sent into air by blower fan and is struck sparks by ignition device and will send into biomass material perfect combustion in the small combustion chamber, the generation temperature is that 400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas is sent into carbide furnace after the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper dedusting that the flue gas fairlead is provided with, and carbide furnace heats carbonization by means of this high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 ℃ to the most of biomass material that is fallen by former feed bin;
Described heating carbonization is to finish in the feeding auger will be delivered to the process of carbide furnace outlet by the biomass material that former feed bin falls, and the time is 15 ~ 30min;
Solid Jiao who produces after the carbonization falls into the solid coke bin through the burnt pipeline that falls;
The low heat value pyrolysis gas that produces after the carbonization is sent small combustion chamber back to through bypass duct and blower fan that funnelform collection pipeline is provided with successively;
The product liquid that produces in the carbonization process flows in the skewed slot by orifice plate, is collected to funnelform collection pipeline and collects;
400 ~ 600 ℃ high-temperature flue gas sending into carbide furnace is finished with biomass material in carbide furnace and is become bypass duct and the blower fan that low-temperature flue gas is provided with successively after the heat exchange send small combustion chamber back on funnelform collection pipeline;
Described product liquid comprises water and liquid tar;
The slag dropping tube that lime-ash after the perfect combustion of small combustion chamber endogenous substance raw material is provided with through the small combustion chamber bottom is discharged.
4. the application of the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass as claimed in claim 3 in biomass material carbonization production solid Jiao is characterized in that described biomass material is agricultural wastes or forestry processing waste;
Described agricultural wastes are wheat straw, cotton bar, rice bar, corn stalk, rape stalk, rice husk, bagasse or corn cob;
Described forestry processing waste is wood chip, wood chip, branch, leaf or wood shavings.
5. produce application among solid Jiao as the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass as described in the claim 4 in the biomass material carbonization, it is characterized in that described biomass material cutting and grinding, be about to biomass material and cut into the segment that length is 25 ~ 50mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310151090.XA CN103224802B (en) | 2013-04-27 | 2013-04-27 | Biomass drying and carbonization system and application thereof |
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| CN104456597A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡市百顺机械厂 | Pulverizer with drying function |
| CN107699260A (en) * | 2017-09-24 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州雷度生物科技有限公司 | Biomass decomposition carbonization device |
| CN108929709A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-04 | 张振洋 | A kind of agricultural crop straw carbonization system |
| CN112299392A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-02 | 宿迁安湘环保科技有限公司 | Microwave catalytic carbonization furnace for waste organic matters |
| CN112478632A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-12 | 江山华隆能源开发有限公司 | Biomass raw material stores device |
| WO2021054897A1 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-25 | National University Of Singapore | Waste treatment system |
| CN115316112A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-11-11 | 王霞 | Gardens hay clearance burns device |
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| CN115316112A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-11-11 | 王霞 | Gardens hay clearance burns device |
| CN115316112B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-10-20 | 王霞 | Gardens withered grass clearance incineration device |
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