CN102388119B - The manufacture method of biomass charcoal and the manufacturing installation for biomass charcoal wherein - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of manufacture method of biomass charcoal, by biomass carbonated, generate biomass charcoal and the waste gas containing tar, make contacting with described biomass and/or described biomass charcoal at least partially of the tar in described expellant gas, the biomass charcoal that manufacture tar adheres to and separates out as carbide.

Description

The manufacture method of biomass charcoal and the manufacturing installation for biomass charcoal wherein

Technical field

The present invention relates to and manufacture the method for biomass charcoal by biomass carbonated and be used for the manufacturing installation of biomass charcoal wherein.

Background technology

From the viewpoint of preventing greenhouse effects of the earth, it is urgent problem that the output of carbonic acid gas is cut down.As the method that carbon dioxide output is cut down, carry out following technological development.

Cut down the carbon amounts of input.

Reclaim the carbonic acid gas exported.

Existing coal/oil etc. is replaced by carbon-free charcoal source.

There will be a known biomass as carbon-free charcoal source.As biomass, the pruning waste of wooden system waste, forest etc. that the timber waste having the disintegration of building household to produce, wood working produce, agricultural are waste etc.As its processing and utilizing method, be mainly landfill, placement, burning, fuel etc.In addition, also there will be a known the biofuel crop for the purpose of fuel utilization.

On the other hand, in iron and steel industry, particularly Iron-smelting is take coal as the technique of reducing material reducing iron ore.In addition, in steel making working procedure, by the heat needed for the supply refinings such as coal.Therefore, in iron and steel industry, charcoal source must be used.On the other hand, biomass are made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, but biomass are from as high-moisture percentage, lower calorific value (such as moisture 15 quality %, thermal value 16.2MJ/kg-drying schedule), are directly used in efficiency inefficent in iron and steel technique.Therefore, exist biomass carbonization, implement the process such as dehydration, decarbonate, removing moisture, raising thermal value and the method that uses in iron and steel technique.Cause dehydration, degassed (decarbonate, demethanizing, tar generation etc.) because of destructive distillation, the carbon component in biomass produces as gas and tar ingredients, and therefore, the carbon component (biomass charcoal) as solid residue is few.As coal substitute in iron and steel technique, in order to the carbon component as solid residue after such destructive distillation is effectively utilized as biomass charcoal, need to manufacture biomass charcoal with high yield.

Also there will be a known by such biomass thermal decompose manufacture inflammable gas, carbide (biomass charcoal) and recycling technology.

The volatilization produced when disclosing the carbide cyclic absorption heating for obtaining by biomass are heated destructive distillation in patent documentation 1 assigns to manufacture the method for golf calorific value carbide.

Following organic treatment process is disclosed: by organism thermolysis and generate decolorizing carbon under the non-supply of combustion air in patent documentation 2, the untreated gas containing inflammable gas and gasiform tar produced from the organism of thermolysis midway is under atmospheric pressure circulated to decolorizing carbon with the temperature of 800 ~ 1000 DEG C, by tar thermolysis roughly completely, be removed burnt oil handling gas.

Disclose the thermal decomposition processing unit of following waste in patent documentation 3, make the waste thermolysis by the contact with the heated air be blown into from nozzle for blowing gas putting into shaft furnace, in stove, be separated into carbide and thermolysis gas.

Disclose the raw material of filling charcoal in the body of heater of box like stove in patent documentation 4, carry out heating and drying, destructive distillation, charing, manufacture the charcoal manufacturing installation of charcoal.

Disclose following charring furnace in patent documentation 5, it comprises: the furnace main body with the box of the loading port of raw material and the relief outlet of charcoal; The cross section be located in this main body is dimetric coking chamber; Make to heat the wood materials in this coking chamber and the inflammable gas the produced combustion chamber of burning at this upper space; The air port of air is blown in this combustion chamber; Regulate the unit from the air amount of being blown in this air port; And be located at the side of described coking chamber or the heat conducting wall of bottom surface.

Disclose the charing method of following timber in patent documentation 6: utilize rotary kiln or spin drier by timber with 300 ~ 1000 DEG C, oxygen concn less than 10% heats, the roasting kiln that the gas produced by heating is linking with above-mentioned rotary kiln or above-mentioned spin drier is burnt.

Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2003-213273 publication

Patent documentation 2: patent No. 3781379 publication

Patent documentation 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-131557 publication

Patent documentation 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 03-122191 publication

Patent documentation 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-146016 publication

Patent documentation 6: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-241762 publication

Summary of the invention

When manufacturing biomass charcoal by the method described in patent documentation 1, the productive rate of biomass charcoal only improves the amount of accompanying tar etc.But, think that there is adhesivity on the surface of the carbide obtained by the method absorbing aqueous volatile matter, be difficult to process.Usually, it is the liquid that thermolysis obtains that biomass thermal is decomposed the tar obtained, but the thermal value of the carbide of biomass is about 30MJ/kg, and in contrast, tar is maximum is about 10MJ/kg, below the half of heavy oil.In addition, when obtaining carbide being decomposed by biomass thermal, a large amount of oxygen in biomass divide and depart from from biomass as tar ingredients, volatile matter, therefore, the oxygen rate that contains in carbide is less than 10 quality %, in contrast, in tar containing oxygen rate also sometimes more than 20 quality %, become close to 40 quality %.Oxygen divides the ignition properties of high and reactive high tar also high, and safety also has problems.

As above, tar ingredients, compared with carbide, containing oxygen rate is high and thermal value is low, is high viscosity, reactive high and stability is low, and therefore, the situation being attached to biomass charcoal can make the quality of biomass charcoal reduce.

In patent documentation 2, its object is to, when generating decolorizing carbon and inflammable gas, independently decomposing tar with water vapour upgrading, thus, increase the output of inflammable gas.From the viewpoint of the manufacture of carbide, by the carbon component gasification in raw material or tarring, thus the productive rate of carbide reduces.Described in patent documentation 2, if with the temperature close to 1000 DEG C by tar thermolysis, be then almost entirely converted into gas, the productive rate of the carbide obtained from tar mostly is several quality % most.

In patent documentation 3, at shaft furnace, the charings such as biomass are manufactured carbide.Usually, send into the high-temperature gas of anaerobic from stove bottom and carry out heating to carry out to content, but the thermolysis caused due to this destructive distillation, while generation carbide, also produce gas, tar etc.These gases, tar also can be used effectively, and therefore, from the viewpoint of manufacture carbide, by the carbon component gasification in raw material or tarring, the productive rate of carbide reduces.

In prior art described in patent documentation 4 ~ 6, there is the problem of following (a) ~ (d).

A () batch mode and revolution mode are biomass carbonated method by means of only control Heating temperature, envrionment conditions etc.The productive rate of the biomass (biomass charcoal) of charing is about 25 quality %, is about 20 quality % in revolution mode in batch mode, is difficult to the productive rate improving biomass charcoal further.

(b) make the gas of generation and tar burning and thermal source as the destructive distillation of biomass time, gas, tar ingredients can not reclaim as biomass charcoal.Expect that produced tar is transformed to biomass charcoal energetically.

In the batch mode of (c) patent documentation 4,5, owing to not being continuous processing, so charing needs to expend more than 5 hours, be uneconomic.

In (d) biomass carbonization resultant, except light gas, also produce wooden vinegar and heavy hydrocarbon (tar) composition, in order to tar ingredients perfect combustion is needed the management carrying out air ratio, temperature etc.In addition, utilizing destructive distillation resultant separately to not carry out burn processing, needing the off gas treatment of carrying out tar removing etc.

The object of the invention is to, solve the problem of such prior art, the manufacture method of biomass charcoal and the manufacturing installation for the biomass charcoal in the method are provided, use shaft furnace by biomass carbonated manufacture biomass charcoal time, can improve the productive rate of biomass charcoal, and the reduction of the quality of biomass charcoal is few.

(1) manufacture method for biomass charcoal, wherein,

Make biomass carbonated and form biomass charcoal,

By containing described charing time produce tar waste gas discharge,

Make contacting with described biomass and/or described biomass charcoal at least partially of the described tar in described waste gas,

What make the described tar contacted with described biomass and/or described biomass charcoal changes into carbide at least partially.

(2) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1), wherein,

From top or top, the side input biomass of shaft furnace,

Bottom from described shaft furnace or the drain position than described waste gas position on the lower and bottom, side are blown into hot blast,

Make described biomass carbonated and form biomass charcoal in described shaft furnace,

Waste gas containing the tar produced when described charing is discharged from the top of described shaft furnace or top, side,

Being blown into described shaft furnace at least partially of described tar in described waste gas is contacted with described biomass and/or described biomass charcoal,

The described tar contacted with described biomass and/or described biomass charcoal is converted into carbide at least partially.

(3) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (2), wherein,

Described tar in described waste gas is together blown into described shaft furnace with described hot blast at least partially.

(4) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (2) or (3), wherein,

From bottom or the side underfeed cooling gas of described shaft furnace.

(5) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (4), wherein,

Described cooling gas circulation uses described waste gas.

(6) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (4) or (5), wherein,

Supply in a part for described tar and described cooling gas one in the same way stove.

(7) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of (2) ~ (6), wherein,

Be separated described tar from described waste gas, and the described tar after being separated is blown into shaft furnace.

(8) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of (2) ~ (7), wherein,

Make described waste gas be less than 1 burning with air ratio, be blown into shaft furnace as hot blast.

(9) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of (2) ~ (8), wherein,

The carbonization temperature of described biomass charcoal is 300 ~ 700 DEG C.

(10) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of (2) ~ (9), wherein,

The temperature of described waste gas is 50 ~ 300 DEG C.

(11) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of (2) ~ (10), wherein,

Described hot blast is anaerobic or hypoxemia, and temperature is 400 ~ 1200 DEG C.

(12) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1), wherein,

The charing of described biomass by dropping into biomass from the top of shaft furnace or top, side to described shaft furnace and being blown into hot blast to carry out from the bottom of shaft furnace or bottom, side,

The discharge of described waste gas is undertaken by the waste gas of discharging from the top of shaft furnace or top, side containing the tar produced when described charing,

The contact at least partially of described tar is by being blown into described shaft furnace at least partially to carry out by the tar in the waste gas produced when described charing.

(13) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1), wherein,

Biomass carbonization is formed destructive distillation biomass,

The gas produced by the destructive distillation of described biomass is contacted with described destructive distillation biomass with tar, makes the carbon component in described gas and described tar adhere to precipitation in described destructive distillation biomass.

(14) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (13), wherein,

The specific surface area of described destructive distillation biomass is 10m ²/ more than g.

(15) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (13), wherein,

The pyrolysis temperature of biomass is 450 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, and the temperature that the carbon component in gas and tar is adhered to when separating out in destructive distillation biomass is 450 ~ 700 DEG C.

(16) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (13), wherein,

Described destructive distillation is undertaken by rotary type gas retort.

(17) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (13), wherein,

Carbon component in described tar is undertaken to the attachment precipitation of destructive distillation biomass by filling bed or mobile layer mode coking furnace.

(18) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1), wherein,

The charing of described biomass comprises biomass carbonization, generates destructive distillation biomass and the waste gas containing tar, and by the coking of described destructive distillation biomass,

The contact at least partially of described tar, comprises and the waste gas containing described tar is contacted with described destructive distillation biomass, makes the carbon component in described gas and described tar adhere to precipitation in described destructive distillation biomass.

(19) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1),

Use there is the filling mobile layer mode of the double-tower type of two gas retorts be connected to each other stove by biomass carbonization to manufacture biomass charcoal, wherein,

The gas produced by the destructive distillation of the biomass in a gas retort is contacted with the biomass in another gas retort with tar,

Attachment in the biomass of the carbon component in described gas and described tar in another gas retort described is made to separate out during the destructive distillation of the biomass in another gas retort described.

(20) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (19), wherein,

The pyrolysis temperature of the biomass in gas retort is set to 400 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.

(21) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (19), wherein,

The residence time of the biomass in gas retort is set to more than 30 minutes.

(22) manufacture method of the biomass charcoal as described in (1), wherein,

The charing of described biomass is included in by biomass carbonization in the first gas retort, produces gas and tar,

The contact at least partially of described tar, comprise the gas making to produce in the first gas retort to contact with the biomass in the second gas retort with tar, during the destructive distillation of the biomass in the second gas retort, make attachment in described gas and the biomass of described tar in the second gas retort separate out.

(23) manufacturing installation for biomass charcoal, has:

By the biomass carbonated shaft furnace manufacturing biomass charcoal;

Be arranged at the input port of the top of described shaft furnace or the biomass on top, side;

Be arranged at the relief outlet of the top of described shaft furnace or the waste gas on top, side;

Be arranged at the mouth blown of the bottom of described shaft furnace or the hot blast than described relief outlet position on the lower and bottom, side; And

Make the partial combustion machine being less than 1 burning at least partially with air ratio of described waste gas.

(24) manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal as described in (23), wherein,

Also there is the separating machine at least isolating gaseous constituent and tar from waste gas.

According to the present invention, shaft furnace can be used effectively to manufacture biomass charcoal by biomass carbonated, the productive rate of biomass charcoal can be improved.The quality of manufactured biomass charcoal improves than the biomass charcoal only making tar adhere to.

In addition, effectively utilize tar, and the burden of tar processing also alleviates.By the lighting of destructive distillation resultant, and also can alleviate off gas treatment operation.Thus, the recycling of biomass can be promoted, to CO ₂output is cut down contribution.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the figure of an embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the figure of another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is the figure of another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is the figure of another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is the figure of another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 6 is the figure of another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the biomass charcoal representing embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is the explanatory view of an embodiment of embodiment 2.

Fig. 8 is the explanatory view of another embodiment of embodiment 2.

Fig. 9 is the sketch chart of the biomass charcoal manufacturing installation of the stove of the filling mobile layer mode of the use double-tower type of embodiment 3.

Figure 10 is the sectional view of the gas retort of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is the explanatory view of the one embodiment of the present invention of the device using Fig. 9.

Figure 12 is the sketch chart of the stove of the filling mobile layer mode of the double-tower type used in the embodiment of embodiment 3.

Figure 13 is the explanatory view of another embodiment of embodiment 3.

Embodiment

[embodiment 1]

Biomass refer to have been gathered certain a certain amount of animal and plant resource and has taken it as the general name of waste of origin.But fossil resource does not belong to biomass.The biomass used in embodiment 1 can use the carrying out thermolysis of agricultural system, forestry system, department of animal husbandry, aquatic products system, discarded system etc. and generate all living things matter of carbide.The biomass that preferred use efficient heat generation amount is high, and preferably use wooden system biomass.

As wooden system biomass, can be listed below.

The wood working by products such as the paper by product processed such as black liquor, wood chip, bark, sawdust,

The forest land retained materials such as branch, leaf, treetop, short size material,

The felling such as cryptomeria, cypress, pine tree class material,

The material waiting special-purpose forest to produce from the useless mushroom wood of edible fungi,

Rice sweet oak, Serrata oak, pine tree etc. firewood forests material, willow, white poplar, eucalyptus, pine trees etc. are short cut down the forestry system biomass such as phase forestry,

The general waste such as the pollard bars such as the trees in the street trees in city, town, village, the flower garden in individual house,

The pollard bars such as the trees in the street trees in state, county, the flower garden of enterprise,

The trade wastes such as construction/construction waste.

By agricultural be biomass classification, also can be applicable to use as wooden system biomass using a part for waste/by product be occurring source rice husk, straw, rice straw, sugarcane gas, palm etc. or to take energy crops as the agricultural such as rice bran, Semen Brassicae campestris, soybean of occurring source be biomass.

In embodiment 1, use shaft furnace by biomass carbonated, manufactures the biomass charcoal as carbide as charring furnace.As shaft furnace, preferably use pit furnace.

Charing time biomass carbonated is referred to and cuts off or limit the supply of air (oxygen) and heat, and obtain the resultant of gas (also referred to as wood gas), liquid (tar), solid (charcoal).By making Heating temperature, change heat-up time, composition, the ratio of the gas obtained, liquid, solid change.In embodiment 1, tar in the waste gas produced during charing and gas are together reclaimed, this tar is together blown into the shaft furnace of the charing carrying out biomass with hot blast at least partially, tar is made to be attached on biomass charcoal thus, and then the carbide of tar is separated out on biomass charcoal, improve the productive rate of biomass charcoal.By making the tar generated because of the charing of biomass again carbonize in shaft furnace and separate out on biomass charcoal, thus biomass charcoal is compared with only adhering to the state of tar, lower containing oxygen rate, thermal value uprises, reactive low and ignition properties also reduces, thus security is high, and quality improves.

Refer to " on biomass charcoal, carry out pyrolysis or the polyreaction of tar, tar changes into carbide on biomass charcoal thus " this said " carbide of tar is separated out on biomass charcoal ".Cause this pyrolysis or polyreaction, need first to adhere to tar on biomass charcoal, become at higher temperature to the biomass charcoal heating being attached with this tar.In the shaft furnace of embodiment 1, tar is attached on biomass charcoal at the low-temp. portion on stove top, and the biomass charcoal accompanying by this tar drops to stove bottom and carries out heating and become at higher temperature, and therefore, the carbide producing tar is separated out on biomass charcoal.

The tar generated because of the charing of biomass again carbonizes and separates out on biomass charcoal in shaft furnace, and thus, biomass charcoal is compared with the state that only tar adheres to, lower containing oxygen rate, thermal value uprises, and reactive to reduce and ignition properties also reduces, thus the high and quality of security improves.The biomass charcoal of embodiment 1 obtains the thermal value of the 30MJ/kg degree identical with the existing biomass charcoal not adhering to tar.Such as, when making tar adhere to the method shown in patent documentation 1, thermal value due to tar is 10MJ/kg degree, so when the ratio imagination that the energy yields of the embodiment according to patent documentation 1 improves calculates the adhesion amount of tar, only can obtain the thermal value of 14 ~ 20MJ/kg degree.Suppose, in patent documentation 1, even if the tar of attachment is liquid thermolysis biomass obtained is separated the high viscosity of the chocolate eliminating the transparent liquid of brown (acetic acid) fraction by standing or distillation, eliminate that the thermal value of the tar after acetic acid is also maximum is about 20MJ/kg, result is that the thermal value of biomass charcoal reaches 23 ~ 27MJ/kg.

As above, in order to manufacture biomass charcoal by biomass carbonated, in embodiment 1, from top or top, the side input biomass of shaft furnace, filling bed is formed in stove, by biomass carbonated, the waste gas containing the tar produced during charing, being together blown into this tar shaft furnace with hot blast at least partially and carrying out the charing of biomass is discharged from the top of shaft furnace by being blown into hot blast from the bottom of shaft furnace or bottom, side.Below, top or top, side general name are designated as on " top ".Below, bottom or bottom, side general name are designated as " bottom ".Biomass charcoal using tar attachment and as carbide precipitation is discharged from the bottom of shaft furnace.The position being blown into hot blast is the drain position position on the lower than waste gas.Biomass are carbonized by the sensible heat of hot blast.At this, top, side refers to the sidepiece of the upper part in the short transverse of shaft furnace, but and then is preferably top more than 1/4.Equally, bottom, side refers to the sidepiece of the lower part in the short transverse of shaft furnace, but and then is preferably below less than 1/4.

Tar is separated from waste gas, and the part to major general's tar is blown into shaft furnace.Preferably be blown into shaft furnace by 10 ~ 100% of the tar be separated from waste gas, described tar is contacted with above-mentioned biomass and/or above-mentioned biomass charcoal.When being set to more than 10%, the effect that charing productive rate improves is large.More preferably shaft furnace is blown into by 50 ~ 100% of the tar be separated from waste gas.The method be blown into is arbitrary, is preferably blown into the position of lower part of biomass filling bed (being blown into position to filling bed surface from hot blast).When being together blown into hot blast by being mixed with hot blast by tar, tar conversion is that the efficiency of carbide improves, convenient on equipment in addition, so preferably.Preferably be converted into carbide by 10 ~ 100% of the above-mentioned tar contacted with above-mentioned biomass and/or above-mentioned biomass charcoal.Improve from the viewpoint of charing productive rate, preferably more than 10%.Be more preferably 20 ~ 100%.Or, the waste gas direct part containing tar is burnt, uses as hot blast to this part of major general, together can be blown into hot blast thus.

Hot blast can use the hot blast of arbitrary occurring source, the hot blast occurred by hotblast stove etc. can be used, also can recycle the gas fraction making to be separated tar and water from waste gas to burn the hot blast obtained, also can recycle and waste gas direct part is burnt the hot blast obtained.

Because the biomass charcoal in shaft furnace is high temperature, so preferably to cut out and the biomass charcoal of discharging cools.In order to make this cooling easy, preferably in stove, supply cooling gas from the bottom of shaft furnace.As cooling gas, preferred cycle uses waste gas, partial combustion can be separated from waste gas tar, the gas of remainder of water and the part cooling of the gas that obtains and use.Cooling gas also needs the supply cutting off or limit air (oxygen).

A part for the tar preferably produced when biomass carbonated to above-mentioned cooling gas and vapor permeation, and tar and cooling gas are together supplied in shaft furnace.Tar is attached on chilled biomass charcoal, and the productive rate of biomass charcoal improves.With compared with the tar to be together blown into hot blast, this ratio is few, but a part for the tar together supplied with cooling gas also carbonizes and separates out on biomass charcoal in stove.When waste gas circulation being used for cooling gas, tar is to be blown into the state of cooling gas and vapor permeation in advance.

Also the outside tar produced can be added in the tar be together blown into hot blast or cooling gas.As the tar that outside produces, preferably use the tar carrying out authigenic material having the leeway of charing, particularly preferably use biomass thermolysis and tar of producing below 700 DEG C.

The remainder of waste gas can use as fuel, or the exhaust gas utilization separately by burnings such as burners as high temperature is used in the drying of recovery of heat, biomass.

The height of the filling bed of the biomass in shaft furnace is be blown into the height of position to filling bed surface from hot blast.The height of this filling bed is preferably more than 2m and is less than 15m.If the height of the part of heating biological matter is too low, then heat exchange is inefficent, and the effect improved based on the productive rate of tar is also few.On the other hand, if the excessive height of the part of heating biological matter, then the pressure-losses is excessive, and equipment cost increases.

Use Fig. 1 that one embodiment of embodiment 1 is described.

The raw materials 1 such as wooden system biomass are supplied to the charring furnace 10 as shaft furnace from the input port on top.In addition, hot blast 5 is supplied from the hot-wind inlet 11 as hot blast mouth blown.Hot blast 5 carbonizes to not cause the burning of charges in stove, and is anaerobic or hypoxemia.Hypoxemia refers to the oxygen level being such as less than 1 volume %.Can mixed tar 4 in hot blast 5.

Raw material 1 forms filling bed 12 in charring furnace 10, carbonizing, being discharged from the device 13 that cuts out of bottom as carbide 2 by being heated by hot blast 5.By arranging rotating mechanism etc. at hot-wind inlet 11, cutting out of carbide can be promoted.On the other hand, the relief outlet of waste gas 3 from stove top produced from filling bed 12 is discharged.Produce gas and be roughly anaerobic state, be mixed into tar.

As the form of raw material 1, be preferably the block that the form, the i.e. 5mm ~ 200mm degree that do not produce obstacle to the circulation of the gas of filling bed are the size of main body (more than 90 quality %).With regard to particle diameter here, below 200mm refers to that by mesh be state under the sieve of the sieve of 200mm, and more than 5mm refers to the state on the sieve of the sieve of 5mm.

When being supplied to charring furnace 10 by raw material 1, the upper surface of preferred filling bed 12 is flattened condition average to a certain degree.This is to prevent the bias current of gas and realizing effective charing.

The temperature of hot blast 5 is preferably 400 ~ 1200 DEG C.If this is because it is too low to be blown into temperature, then the charing of raw material cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be preferably 600 ~ 1200 DEG C, be more preferably 600 ~ 1000 DEG C.

The carbide temperature generated by charing is preferably 300 ~ 700 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, then charing cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be preferably 400 ~ 700 DEG C, be more preferably 400 ~ 600 DEG C.By cut out device 13 cut out time, by water jacket etc. indirectly cooling or based on water spray direct cooling and carbide 2 can be cut out with the temperature of safety.

The temperature of the waste gas of discharging from the relief outlet on filling bed 12 top is preferably 50 ~ 300 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, moisture fully cannot be discharged from filling bed, if temperature is too high, tar ingredients is excessive from the discharge of filling bed, and the productive rate of carbide reduces, and easily produces tar problem in downstream.Be preferably 70 ~ 200 DEG C of degree.

Mixed tar 4 in hot blast 5.Tar 4 preferably uses the tar be separated from waste gas 3.By mixed tar 4 in hot blast 5, a part for tar 4 is attached on carbide 2, is recovered as carbide, and therefore, the productive rate of carbide 2 can improve.By directly using a part for waste gas 3 as hot blast 5, the hot blast of the state being mixed with tar also can be blown into.

Tar 4 mixes with hot blast 5 and supplies to filling bed in stove 12, and the productive rate being contributed to carbide 2 by the carbide be adsorbed in filling bed is improved.The major part of tar 4 is Formed composition at filling bed 12 pyrolyze, that is, become carbide.

Hot blast 5 is supplied from stove bottom by hot-wind inlet as shown in the figure, but also can use nozzle supply from the transverse direction of stove.

Use Fig. 2 that another embodiment of the present invention is described.

From top to charring furnace 10 base feed 1.In addition, hot blast 21 is supplied to center section part in stove.Mixed tar 22 in hot blast 21.In addition, cold wind 23 supplies in stove from cold air inlet 25.Can in cold wind 23 mixed tar 24.Hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 carbonize to not cause the burning of charges in stove, are anaerobic or hypoxemia.

Raw material 1 forms filling bed 12 in stove, carbonizing, being cooled, discharge from the device 13 that cuts out of bottom as carbide 2 after charing by cold wind 23 by being undertaken heating by hot blast 21.Cold air inlet 25 is by arranging rotating mechanism etc. and can promoting cutting out of carbide.On the other hand, the waste gas 3 produced from filling bed 12 is discharged from stove top.

As the form of raw material 1, be preferably the block that the form, the i.e. 5mm ~ 200mm degree that do not produce obstacle to the circulation of the gas of filling bed are the size of main body (more than 90 quality %).With regard to particle diameter here, below 200mm refers to that by mesh be state under the sieve of the sieve of 200mm, and more than 5mm refers to the state on the sieve of the sieve of 5mm.

When being supplied to charring furnace 10 by raw material 1, the upper surface of preferred filling bed 12 is flattened condition average to a certain degree.This is to prevent the bias current of gas and realizing effective charing.

The temperature of hot blast 21 is as 400 ~ 1200 DEG C of air-supplies.If this is because wind pushing temperature is too low, then the charing of raw material cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be preferably 600 ~ 1000 DEG C.

Carbide temperature near hot blast 21 entrance in filling bed stage casing is preferably 300 ~ 700 DEG C of degree.If temperature is too low, charing cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be preferably 400 ~ 700 DEG C, be more preferably 400 ~ 600 DEG C.

The temperature of cold wind 23 expects to be less than 200 DEG C.Be preferably less than 100 DEG C.If this is because temperature is too high, cool inefficent.

By cut out device 13 cut out time, by water jacket etc., cooling or the direct cooling based on water spray cut out carbide 2 with the temperature of safety indirectly.

The temperature of the waste gas of discharging from filling bed 12 top is preferably 50 ~ 300 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, moisture fully cannot be discharged from filling bed, if temperature is too high, tar ingredients is excessive from the discharge of filling bed, and the productive rate of carbide reduces, and easily causes tar problem in downstream.Be more preferably 70 ~ 200 DEG C of degree.

In hot blast 21 during mixed tar 22, tar 22 uses from the isolated tar of waste gas 3.By mixed tar 22 in hot blast 21, a part for tar 22 is contained in carbide 2, therefore, can improve the productive rate of carbide 2.The part of direct use waste gas 3 also can be blown into the hot blast of the state being mixed with tar as the situation of hot blast 21.

Also can in cold wind 23 mixed tar 24, tar 24 preferably uses from the isolated tar of waste gas 3.By mixed tar 24 in cold wind 23, a part for tar 24 is contained in and generates carbide 2, therefore, can improve the productive rate of carbide 2.

Tar 22 or tar 24 mix with hot blast 21 or cold wind 23 and supply to filling bed in stove 12, and by being adsorbed in the carbide in filling bed, the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.Tar 22 or 24 is the Formed composition at filling bed 12 pyrolyze further, namely becomes carbide, and the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.For tar 24, except at stove pyrolyze except the tar of Formed composition, the tar be expelled under the state being attached to carbide outside stove in addition.

As shown in the figure, tar 22 or tar 24 mix with hot blast 21, cold wind 23 and supply in stove, but also can not mix with hot blast, cold wind and supply directly to filling bed in stove 12.

As shown in the figure, cold wind 23 is supplied from stove bottom by hot-wind inlet, but also nozzle can be used to supply from the transverse direction of stove.

Fig. 3 is used to be described another embodiment of the present invention.

From top to charring furnace 10 base feed 1, in stove, form filling bed 12, carbonizing by being undertaken heating by hot blast 5, being discharged as carbide 2.

The waste gas 3 produced at filling bed 12 is separated into gas 32, acetic acid 33, tar 34 by separating machine 311.Refer to that the liquid that thermolysis biomass obtained is by leaving standstill or fractionation by distillation remove the fraction of the high viscosity of the chocolate of the transparent liquid of brown (acetic acid) at this tar obtained.With regard to the thermal value of the tar in this situation, by removing acetic acid, be about 20MJ/kg to the maximum.As the mode of separating machine 311, acetic acid and tar liquid phase separation can be made with the temperature below the condensing temperature of acetic acid, make gas gas phase separation, if the structure for being by liquid phase separation aqueous phase (acetic acid phase) and oil phase (tar phase), be then just not particularly limited.Also containing water miscible organism in aqueous phase.In separating machine 311, by cooling as required, separation efficiency can be improved.

Air 35 is utilized to carry out so-called incomplete combustion by a part of passage divided combustion machine 312 of the isolated gas of separating machine 311 32 and isolated tar 34.At this, the amount of air 35 is that air ratio is less than 1, produces the hot blast 36 of anaerobic or pole hypoxemia.When hot blast being warming up to the temperature of regulation, if use common biomass material, then air ratio can be less than 1, but is preferably more than 0.5.In addition, due to residual tar in hot blast, so preferably air ratio is less than 0.8.

Discarded or realize effective utilization of the water soluble organic substance that dissolves in etc. by the isolated acetic acid of separating machine 311.According to circumstances, carry out burn processing by combustion engine 313 and discharge as waste gas 38.

Being sent to charring furnace 10 in a part for the hot blast 36 of partial combustion machine 312 generation as hot blast 5, becoming the thermal source for carbonizing.

Charring furnace 10 is together sent to as tar 4 and hot blast 5 by a part for the isolated tar 34 of separating machine 311.

A part for the hot blast produced by partial combustion machine 312 is mixed with air 37 by combustion engine 313 and the combustible gas component remained is burnt, and is discharged by waste gas 38.

The form of raw material 1 etc. with use Fig. 1,2 embodiment illustrated by mode identical.

The temperature of hot blast 5 is preferably 400 ~ 1200 DEG C.If this is because temperature is too low, the charing of raw material cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be more preferably 600 ~ 1000 DEG C.

It is 300 ~ 700 DEG C of degree that the carbide temperature generated is expected.If this is because temperature is too low, charing cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be preferably 400 ~ 700 DEG C, be more preferably 400 ~ 600 DEG C.

Expect that the temperature of waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed 12 top is 50 ~ 300 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, moisture fully cannot be discharged from filling bed, if temperature is too high, tar ingredients is excessive from the discharge of filling bed, and the productive rate of carbide reduces, and easily produces tar problem in downstream.Be preferably 70 ~ 200 DEG C of degree.

The tar 4 of a part for the tar 34 be separated by separating machine 311 is mixed in hot blast 5.By mixed tar 4 in hot blast 5, a part for tar 4 is contained in carbide 2, therefore, can improve the productive rate of carbide 2.

Tar 4 mixes with hot blast 5 and supplies to filling bed in stove 12, and by being adsorbed in the carbide in filling bed, the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.Tar 4 is the Formed composition at filling bed 12 pyrolyze further, namely becomes carbide, and the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.

As shown in the figure, tar 4 mixes with hot blast 5 and supplies in stove, but also can not mix with hot blast 5 and supply directly to filling bed in stove 12.

By by separating machine 311 separating tar 34, can effectively utilize tar and the productive rate of carbide 2 be improved.

By by separating machine 311 separating acetic acid 33, compared with the situation of not separating acetic acid, the acetic acid plan composition supplied to partial combustion machine 312 can be reduced, so have following effectiveness.

The first, can make same air than under the temperature of partial combustion machine 312 rise, easily supply necessary heat to charring furnace 10.

The second, due to the water vapour contained in hot blast 5 can be made to reduce, therefore, there is the effect of the carbon consumption reaction suppressing the water vapour in charring furnace to cause, bring the raising of carbide productive rate.

The heat of waste gas 38 can be used in the drying etc. of raw material 1.

Fig. 4 is used to be described another embodiment of the present invention.

From top to charring furnace 10 base feed 1.In addition, can by hot blast 21 to center section part supply in stove, mixed tar 22 in hot blast 21.In addition, cold wind 23 can be supplied in stove, and in cold wind 23 mixed tar 24.Hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 carry out destructive distillation to cause the burning of charges in stove, are anaerobic or hypoxemia.

Raw material 1 forms filling bed 12 in stove, carbonizing, utilizing cold wind 23 to cool, be discharged as carbide 2 after charing by being heated by hot blast 21.

The waste gas 3 produced from filling bed is discharged from stove top, is separated into gas 32, acetic acid 33, tar 34 by separating machine 311.As the mode of separating machine 311, acetic acid and tar liquid phase separation can be made with the temperature below the condensing temperature of acetic acid, make gas gas phase separation, if for liquid phase separation being become the structure of aqueous phase and oil phase (tar phase), be not particularly limited.In separating machine 311, by cooling as required, separation efficiency can be improved.

Air 35 is utilized to carry out so-called incomplete combustion by a part of passage divided combustion machine 312 of the isolated gas of separating machine 311 32 and isolated tar 34.At this, the amount of air 35 is that air ratio is less than 1, produces the hot blast 36 of anaerobic or pole hypoxemia.When hot blast being warming up to the temperature of regulation, if use common biomass material, then air ratio can be less than 1, but is preferably more than 0.5.In addition, in order to residual tar in hot blast, preferred air ratio is less than 0.8.

Gone out of use by the isolated acetic acid of separating machine 311 or realize effective utilization of the water soluble organic substance that dissolves in etc.According to circumstances carry out burn processing by combustion engine 313 and discharge as waste gas 38.

Being sent to charring furnace 10 in a part for the hot blast 36 of partial combustion machine 312 generation as hot blast 21, becoming the thermal source for carbonizing.

Cooled by cooler 411 in a part for the hot blast 36 of partial combustion machine 312 generation, be sent to charring furnace 10 as cold wind 23, be used in the cooling of carbide.

Mixed with air 37 by combustion engine 313 in a part for the hot blast of partial combustion machine 312 generation and the combustible gas component remained is burnt, and combustion gas 38.

The form of raw material 1 etc. with use Fig. 1,2 embodiment in illustrated situation identical.

The temperature of hot blast 21 is preferably 400 ~ 1200 DEG C.If this is because temperature is too low, the charing of raw material cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be more preferably 600 ~ 1000 DEG C.

Carbide temperature near hot blast 21 entrance in filling bed stage casing is preferably 300 ~ 700 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, charing cannot fully be carried out, if too high, the productive rate of carbide reduces and equipment cost raises.Be more preferably 400 ~ 700 DEG C, most preferably be 400 ~ 600 DEG C.

The temperature of cold wind 23 is preferably less than 200 DEG C.Be more preferably less than 100 DEG C.If temperature is too high, cool inefficent.

The temperature of the waste gas of discharging from filling bed 12 top is preferably 50 ~ 300 DEG C of degree.If this is because temperature is too low, moisture fully can not be discharged from filling bed, if temperature is too high, tar ingredients is excessive from the discharge of filling bed, and the productive rate of carbide reduces, and easily produces tar problem in downstream.Be more preferably 70 ~ 200 DEG C of degree.

Mixed tar 22 in hot blast 21.Tar 22 uses by the isolated tar 34 of separating machine 311.By mixed tar 22 in hot blast 21, a part for tar 22 is contained in carbide 2, therefore, can improve the productive rate of carbide 2.

Can in cold wind 23 mixed tar 24, tar 24 preferably uses by the isolated tar 34 of separating machine 311.By mixed tar 24 in cold wind 23, a part for tar 24 is contained in and generates in carbide 2, therefore, can improve the productive rate of carbide 2.

Tar 22 or tar 24 mix with hot blast 21 or cold wind 23 and supply to filling bed in stove 12, and by being adsorbed in the carbide in filling bed, the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.Tar 22 or 24 is the Formed composition at filling bed 12 pyrolyze further, namely becomes carbide, and the productive rate contributing to carbide 2 improves.For tar 24, except at stove pyrolyze except the tar of Formed composition, the tar be discharged under the state being attached to carbide outside stove in addition.

As shown in the figure, tar 22 or tar 24 mix with hot blast 21, cold wind 23 and supply in stove, but also can not mix with hot blast 5 and supply directly to filling bed in stove 12.

As shown in the figure, cold wind 23 is supplied from stove bottom by hot-wind inlet, but also nozzle can be used to supply from the transverse direction of stove.

By tar 34 being separated by separating machine 311, effectively can utilizing tar and improving the productive rate of carbide 2.

By being separated by acetic acid 33 by separating machine 311, compared with the situation of not separating acetic acid, the acetate component supplied to partial combustion machine 312 can be reduced, so have following effectiveness.The first, can make same air than under the temperature of partial combustion machine 312 rise, easily supply necessary heat to charring furnace 10.The second, due to the water vapour contained in hot blast 5 can be made to reduce, so have the effect of the carbon consumption reaction suppressing to cause based on the water vapour in charring furnace, bring the raising of carbide productive rate.

The heat of waste gas 38 may be used for the drying etc. of raw material 1.

Fig. 5 is used to be described another embodiment of the present invention.

In Fig. 5, replace cold wind 23 and tar 24 in Fig. 4, a part for waste gas 3 is used as cold wind 523.

Containing the tar produced in waste gas 3, and be low temperature, therefore, it is possible to the productive rate of the cooling and carbide 2 that contribute to the carbide in charring furnace 10 improves.

Compare the situation of Fig. 4, can simplified apparatus further in Fig. 5, be low cost.

Fig. 6 is used to be described another embodiment of the present invention.

The separating machine 311 in Fig. 5 is eliminated in Fig. 6.

Containing the tar produced in waste gas 3, and be low temperature, the productive rate of the cooling and carbide 2 that therefore can contribute to the carbide in charring furnace 10 improves.

Compare the situation of Fig. 5, can simplified apparatus further in Fig. 6, be low cost.

[embodiment 1]

Use equipment same as shown in Figure 3, by biomass carbonization, carry out the test manufacturing biomass charcoal.

For the situation of mixed tar 4 in hot blast 5 and the situation of not mixed tar 4, carry out the comparison of the productive rate of carbide 2.As raw material 1, be used in the empty fruit cluster (residue of the biomass system that emptyfruitbunch (EFB) is formed generating the oil palm produced in palmitic process.The water ratio of EFB is 30 quality %.

In hot blast 5 mixed tar 4 (the present invention example), when the mass rate of the raw material 1 by dry substrate is set to 1, the mass rate of the tar 4 being mixed in hot blast 5 is set to 0.1.The temperature that is blown into of hot blast 5 is 930 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

In hot blast 5 unmixed tar 4 (comparative example), the temperature that is blown into of hot blast 5 is 910 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

In hot blast 5 when the comparative example of unmixed tar 4, when the mass rate of the raw material 1 by dry substrate is set to 1, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.25.That is, be 25% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.On the other hand, when being mixed with the example of the present invention of tar 4, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.28.That is, be 28% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.The application of the invention method, carbide productive rate improves more than one one-tenth.

[embodiment 2]

Use equipment same as shown in Figure 4, carry out the test biomass carbonization identical with embodiment 1 being manufactured biomass charcoal.

For the situation of mixed tar in hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 and the situation of not mixed tar, carry out the comparison of the productive rate of carbide 2.

In hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 mixed tar 22,24 (the present invention example), set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, if the mass rate being mixed in the tar 22 of hot blast 21 is 0.1, if the mass rate being mixed in the tar 24 of cold wind 23 is 0.03.The temperature that is blown into of hot blast 21 is 990 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The temperature of cold wind 23 is 80 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

In hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 unmixed tar 22,24 (comparative example), the temperature that is blown into of hot blast 21 is 910 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The temperature of cold wind 23 is 80 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

In hot blast 21 and cold wind 23 when the comparative example of unmixed tar 22,24, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.25.That is, be 25% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.On the other hand, when being mixed with the example of the present invention of tar 22,24, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.29.That is, be 29% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.The application of the invention method, carbide productive rate improves more than 1.5 one-tenth.

[embodiment 3]

Use equipment same as shown in Figure 5, carry out the test biomass carbonization identical with embodiment 1 being manufactured biomass charcoal.

For the situation of mixed tar in hot blast 21 and cold wind 523 and the situation of not mixed tar, carry out the comparison of the productive rate of carbide 2.

In hot blast 21 mixed tar 22 (the present invention example), set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, if the mass rate being mixed in the tar 22 of hot blast 21 is 0.1.The temperature that is blown into of hot blast 21 is 990 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The mass rate being mixed in the tar of cold wind 523 is 0.06, and its temperature is 80 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

In hot blast 21 unmixed tar 22, the temperature that is blown into of hot blast 21 is 910 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The mass rate of the tar mixed with cold wind 523 is 0.06, and its temperature is 80 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

If unmixed burnt oil condition will be set to comparative example in hot blast 21 and cold wind 523, then the situation of the comparative example of above-described embodiment 2 will be suitable with it.In this situation, when the mass rate of the raw material 1 by dry substrate is set to 1, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.25.That is, be 25% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.

When being mixed with the example of the present invention of tar 22, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.29.That is, be 29% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.The application of the invention method, carbide productive rate improves more than one one-tenth.In addition, in hot blast 21 unmixed tar 22, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.26.That is, be 26% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.Thus, carbide productive rate improves about 0.4 one-tenth.

[embodiment 4]

Use equipment same as shown in Figure 6, carry out the test biomass carbonization identical with embodiment 1 being manufactured biomass charcoal.

Make waste gas 3 incomplete combustion at passage divided combustion machine and be mixed with tar in the hot blast 21 obtained, its mass rate is 0.04.In addition, because cold wind 523 also uses a part for waste gas, so be mixed with tar, its mass rate is 0.06.

When from waste gas not separating tar and use as hot blast 21 and cold wind 523 (the present invention's example), the temperature that is blown into of hot blast 21 is 990 DEG C, carbonization temperature, namely cut out tight before carbide temperature be 500 DEG C.The temperature of cold wind 523 is 80 DEG C.The temperature of the waste gas 3 of discharging from filling bed top is 100 DEG C.

During with burnt oil condition unmixed in hot blast 21 and cold wind 523 for comparative example, the situation of the comparative example of the above embodiments 2 is suitable with it.

In this situation, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.25.That is, be 25% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.On the other hand, when example of the present invention, set dry substrate raw material 1 mass rate as 1 time, the mass rate of manufactured carbide 2 is 0.27.That is, be 27% at the productive rate of the carbide of dry substrate.The application of the invention method, carbide productive rate improves 0.8 one-tenth.

[label declaration]

1 raw material, 2 carbides

3 waste gas, 4 tar

5 hot blasts, 10 charring furnaces

11 hot-wind inlets, 12 filling beds

13 cut out device, 21 hot blasts

22 tar, 23 cold wind

24 tar, 25 cold air inlets

32 gases, 33 acetic acid

34 tar, 35 air

36 hot blasts, 37 air

38 waste gas, 311 separating machines

312 partial combustion machines, 313 combustion engines

411 coolers, 523 cold wind

[embodiment 2]

In embodiment 2, by making the destructive distillation resultant (gas, tar) produced during biomass carbonization contact with high temperature with the destructive distillation biomass obtained by biomass carbonization, the biomass charcoal that the charcoal in destructive distillation resultant is separated out in destructive distillation biomass can be obtained.Thus, the tar that produces during biomass carbonization and gas volume can be made to be minimum, the productive rate of biomass charcoal can be improved.With regard to the biomass charcoal obtained in embodiment 2, owing to directly adhering to different from tar etc., coking state as charcoal are adhered to, so low containing oxygen rate, thermal value raises, and volatile matter is few, reactive low and ignition properties also reduces, security improves, and is high-quality, particularly can smelts iron to iron and steel technique, steel making working procedure preferably uses as the raw material of wood-charcoal of sintering oven.

Biomass refer to have been gathered certain a certain amount of animal and plant resource and has taken it as the general name of waste of origin.But fossil resource does not belong to biomass.The biomass used in embodiment 2 can use the carrying out thermolysis of agricultural system, forestry system, department of animal husbandry, aquatic products system, discarded system etc. and generate all living things matter of carbide.The biomass that preferred use efficient heat generation amount is high, and preferably use wooden system biomass.As wooden system biomass, can enumerate: black liquor, the paper by product processed such as wood chip, bark, the wood working by products such as sawdust, branch, leaf, treetop, the forest land retained materials such as short size material, cryptomeria, cypress, pine tree classes etc. fell material, from the material that the special-purpose forest of the useless mushroom wood etc. of edible fungi produces, rice sweet oak, Serrata oak, the firewood forests materials such as pine tree, willow, white poplar, eucalyptus, pine trees etc. are short cuts down the forestry system biomass such as phase forestry, city, town, the street trees in village, the general wastes such as pollard bar such as the trees in the flower garden in individual house, state, the street trees in county, the pollard bars such as the trees in the flower garden of enterprise, the trade wastes etc. such as construction/construction waste.By agricultural be biomass classification, also can be applicable to use as wooden system biomass using a part for waste/by product be occurring source rice husk, straw, rice straw, sugarcane gas, palm etc., to take energy crops as the agricultural such as rice bran, Semen Brassicae campestris, soybean of occurring source be biomass.

In addition, the destructive distillation of biomass refers to the thermolysis of biomass, cut off or restriction air (oxygen) supply and carry out heating and obtain the technology of resultant of gas (also referred to as wood gas), liquid (tar), solid (charcoal).Also sometimes following material is called tar, the liquid obtained by thermolysis biomass is separated by leaving standstill or distill the fraction eliminating the high viscosity of the chocolate of the transparent liquid of brown (acetic acid), but in embodiment 2, the liquid of the state being mixed with tar and acetic acid is called tar.

Use Fig. 7 that one embodiment of embodiment 2 is described.110 represent gas retort, and 120 represent coking furnace, and 130 represent the generation burning of gas stove produced by coking furnace.Biomass 101 are supplied to gas retort 110 by not shown feedway, generate destructive distillation biomass (charcoal) 102 and destructive distillation resultant (gas, tar) 103.Destructive distillation biomass 102 are supplied to coking furnace 120 by not shown feedway, are also supplied to coking furnace 120 by destructive distillation resultant 103 meanwhile.In coking furnace 120, destructive distillation resultant 103 contacts with destructive distillation biomass 102, and destructive distillation biomass 102 are separated out the charcoal in destructive distillation resultant 103.Biomass charcoal 105 after charcoal precipitation is discharged by from coking furnace 120, is used in iron and steel technique etc.On the other hand, destructive distillation resultant 103 lighting due to the precipitation of the charcoal in coking furnace 120, discharges from coking furnace 120 as light gas 106.Light gas 106 is due to based on lower hydrocarbon and hydrogen, so burnt by combustion unit 130, the thermal source as gas retort 110 and coking furnace 120 is used.108 represent the fuel gas from outside supply beyond light gas, and 109 represent combustion air.

Biomass are thermal decomposited by heating, and the moisture evaporation in biomass, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are discharged as volatile matter.By the evaporation of moisture and/or the volatilization of volatile matter, in biomass, find pore.Generating at the pore internal surface produced can the position of the physical/chemical ground tar such as adsorbed hydrocarbons.Tar invades this pore, is adsorbed in biomass to physical/chemical.When the biomass of being adsorbed by this tar heat further, tar produces dehydrogenation reaction, and heaviness, finally becomes carbide.In addition, also generated the position of adsorbable tar at biological surface by heating, also produce same phenomenon at biological surface.

Described in above-mentioned, first charcoal is that tar is adsorbed in destructive distillation biomass to the precipitation of destructive distillation biomass, then adsorbed tar dehydrogenation, and charcoal is separated out.Therefore, the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass, pore volume, average fine pore become important.Even if specific surface area and pore volume are fully large, when average fine pore is little, tar also can not invade in pore, and adsorptive capacity is few.Therefore, preferred average fine pore is more than 1 nanometer, and therefore, the specific surface area of preferred destructive distillation biomass is 10m ²/ more than g.The specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass is larger, then pore volume more increases, and average fine pore becomes larger, and the contact area of the gas produced by the destructive distillation of biomass and tar becomes large, can effectively make a large amount of carbon components adhere to precipitation in destructive distillation biomass.If specific surface area is less than 10m ²/ g, then pore volume is little, and fine pore is less than 1 nanometer, and the adsorptive capacity of tar is few, and charcoal is separated out and reduced.

As long as the temperature range that the pyrolysis temperature of biomass generates at dehydration and the destructive distillation resultant of biomass, as long as be 10m in the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass 102 ²the scope of 450 ~ 800 DEG C of/more than g.When considering the productive rate of biomass charcoal 105, more preferably carry out destructive distillation with 450 ~ 700 DEG C.

The temperature of coking furnace 120 is the condition of biomass 101 not destructive distillation in coking furnace 120, is preferably the temperature range equal with gas retort 110.In addition, the residence time of the destructive distillation biomass 102 in coking furnace 120 is preferably the time of pore due to precipitation charcoal obturation of destructive distillation biomass 102.After pore entirely shuts, when separating out charcoal further, the charcoal in destructive distillation resultant 103 is separated out on the surface of destructive distillation biomass 102, and destructive distillation biomass 102 produce adhesion, consolidated block each other, therefore, sometimes brings furnace charge to fall bad in coking furnace 120.Residence time is suitable decision according to the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass.

As long as gas retort 110 can destructive distillation biomass 101, common batch-type, rotary type, shaft furnace etc. can be used.Preferred use can be used as the rotary type that continuous processing adopts.

Because destructive distillation biomass 102 contact equably with destructive distillation resultant 103, and need destructive distillation resultant 103 is decomposed and separate out charcoal in destructive distillation biomass 102, so coking furnace 120 is preferably filling bed or mobile layer mode.

For the heating means of gas retort 110 and even coking furnace 120, the light gas 106 produced from coking furnace 120 can be made to burn and heat and carry out, and the fuel gas such as heavy oil, propane 8 also can be made in addition to burn and use as heated air.In addition, except the method making fuel gas, also can be heated by electrically heated.If be electrically heated situation, then gas retort 110 and coking furnace 120 can be split respectively and carried out temperature control.

In gas retort 110 during destructive distillation biomass 101, consider the situation of destructive distillation biomass 102 efflorescence.In this case, in order to alleviate the pressure-losses in coking furnace 120, also can remove the powder in obtained destructive distillation biomass 102, and being supplied to coking furnace 120.As long as the removing method of powder uses the method such as sieve known at present or air classification.Sieve granularity determines according to the operational condition of coking furnace 120.

The material supplied to coking furnace 120 is by the destructive distillation biomass 102 of biomass carbonization, but the material with the specific surface area identical with destructive distillation biomass also can be appended in destructive distillation biomass 102 and use.It is such as the material that biomass charcoal, gac etc. after carrying out destructive distillation process in addition replaces coal in iron and steel technique.

Use Fig. 8 that another embodiment of embodiment 2 is described.Fig. 7 is the example that gas retort 110 is rotary kiln 150, coking furnace 120 is the situation of shaft furnace 160.140 is biomass weigh feeder and screw feeder, and 150 is indirect heating manner rotary kiln, and 160 is shaft furnace, and 111 is coking portion, and 112 is the cooling end of biomass charcoal.Supplied from top to shaft furnace 160 by the destructive distillation biomass 102 of rotary kiln 150 destructive distillation, the biomass charcoal 105 that the carbon component of destructive distillation resultant 103 has been separated out, after cooling end 112 is cooled by nitrogen 113, is discharged from bottom.

As long as cooling gas 113 is rare gas element.In addition, as long as the temperature range of misfiring from the biomass charcoal 105 of cooling end 112 discharge, as long as below 200 DEG C.Be more preferably less than 100 DEG C.

[embodiment 1]

Use equipment same as shown in Figure 8, carry out the destructive distillation of biomass and produce the coking test of gas.Wherein, the heating means of rotary kiln 150 and shaft furnace (coking furnace) 160 are the electrically heated of 3 segmentations, and the light gas produced from shaft furnace 160 is discharged to system.The internal diameter of rotary kiln 150 is 15cm, and length is 1.0m, and pitch angle is 1 degree, for retorting time, revolution rotating speed is set to 1.5rpm, be then about 50 minutes.The internal diameter of shaft furnace 160 is 6.6cm, length is 40.0cm, utilizes the turning valve supply destructive distillation biomass 102 being located at stove top, discharges biomass charcoal 105 from the turning valve being located at bottom.In the stove of shaft furnace 160, the adjustment of the residence time of charges is by adjusting initial fill-up to carry out.The China fir that crushing and classification is 3mm ~ 10mm is used as biomass.Table 1 represents the composition of the biomass used.

Table 1 is

Biomass feed speed to rotary kiln is 1.0kg/h, reclaims destructive distillation biomass from rotary kiln 150, and is filled in shaft furnace 160.Make test conditions change as shown in table 2, carry out the test of example 1 ~ 8 of the present invention, the productive rate of the biomass charcoal manufactured by mensuration, gas, tar, moisture, the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass, manufactured gas composition.Result is shown in table 2 in the lump.

Table 2

[table 2]

Secondly, according to above-mentioned, except not using shaft furnace 160, test as described above, obtain comparative example 1 ~ 6.Except the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass, also measure pore volume, average fine pore.Test conditions and result are shown in table 2 in the lump.

Known according to table 2, be attached to destructive distillation biomass by the tar that makes to utilize shaft furnace 160 to be produced by rotary kiln, gas, carry out heating and carbonizing, the productive rate of biomass charcoal improves thus.In addition, tar ingredients carries out the analysis using GC-MS (spectrometry mass directly linked by gas chromatograph), and its result is known is lighting.Be the high productive rate obtaining more than 23 quality % in the example of the present invention 1 ~ 5,7,8 of 400 ~ 700 DEG C at rotary kiln pyrolysis temperature and shaft furnace coking temperature, but rotary kiln pyrolysis temperature and shaft furnace coking temperature are that in the example of the present invention 6 of 800 DEG C, productive rate is slightly low.

In addition, rotary kiln pyrolysis temperature is that in the comparative example 6 of 400 DEG C, the specific surface area of destructive distillation biomass is less than 10m ²/ g, average fine pore is less than 1 nanometer, and rotary kiln pyrolysis temperature and shaft furnace coking temperature are in the example of the present invention 8 of 400 DEG C, and compared with comparative example 6, the productive rate of biomass charcoal does not almost increase.

[label declaration]

101 biomass, 102 destructive distillation biomass

103 destructive distillation resultants (gas, tar), 104 combustion exhaust

105 biomass charcoals, 106 light gas

The fuel gas from outside supply beyond 107 combustion exhaust, 108 light gas

109 combustion airs, 110 gas retorts

111 coking portions, 112 cooling ends

113 cooling gases, 120 coking furnaces

130 roasting kilns, 140 biomass weigh feeders

150 indirect heating rotary kilns, 160 shaft furnaces

[embodiment 3]

In embodiment 3, when biomass carbonization being manufactured biomass charcoal, use the stove of the filling mobile layer mode of double-tower type.The stove of the filling mobile layer mode of double-tower type is the one of pit furnace, also referred to as horse Wurz (Maerz) stove.Horse Wurz (Maerz) stove by repeating burning and accumulation of heat alternately at two that are connected to each other perpendicular type wells, thus cuts down pyrogen unit, and can administration measure and the product of high-quality, known with rotary kiln etc. compared with, thermo-efficiency is good.At present, horse Wurz (Maerz) stove is as uses such as lime firing furnaces, in each perpendicular type well, utilize the air supplied from top to make the fuel gas be blown into from the burner gun inserted in filling bed, by this combustion heat calcine stone (CaCO ₃) etc.Burn till when Wingdale as unslaked lime (CaO).Combustion gases move to the below of shaft furnace, carry out preheating to the Wingdale etc. in another shaft furnace.A shaft furnace is for burning till use, and another is preheating use.Periodically carry out the supply of fuel alternately to a perpendicular type well via burner gun.

This stove with the filling mobile layer mode of the double-tower type of two gas retorts be connected to each other is used to carry out destructive distillation to biomass, thus, the gas produced by the destructive distillation of the biomass at a gas retort is contacted with the biomass in another gas retort with tar, when carrying out the destructive distillation of the biomass in another gas retort, attachment in the biomass of the carbon component in gas and tar in another gas retort can be made to separate out.Namely, the destructive distillation resultant (gas, tar) that produces when biomass carbonization and the biomass in another gas retort can be made, the destructive distillation biomass that obtained by biomass carbonization are contacted with high temperature, effectively can obtain the biomass charcoal that the charcoal in destructive distillation resultant is separated out.Thus, tar and the gas volume of generation when can make biomass carbonization are minimum, can improve the productive rate of biomass charcoal.In order to promote the charing of destructive distillation resultant, also preferably only heat the bottom of gas retort separately.With regard to the biomass charcoal obtained in embodiment 3, owing to directly adhering to different from tar etc., the state attachment of the charcoal as coking, so volatile matter is few, for high-quality, particularly can smelt iron to iron and steel technique, steel making working procedure as sintering oven raw material of wood-charcoal be applicable to use.

In addition, the destructive distillation of biomass refers to the thermolysis of biomass, cut off or restriction air (oxygen) supply and heat, obtain the technology of resultant of gas (also referred to as wood gas), liquid (tar), solid (charcoal).Also sometimes following material is called tar, the liquid of the state being mixed with tar and acetic acid by leaving standstill or distillation and be separated the fraction of the high viscosity of the chocolate of the transparent liquid (acetic acid) of removing brown, but is called tar by the liquid obtained by thermolysis biomass in embodiment 3.

The embodiment of Fig. 9 to embodiment 3 is used to be described.

Fig. 9 is the biomass charcoal manufacturing installation of the stove of the filling mobile layer mode using double-tower type.The biomass 202 utilizing not shown shredder assembly to be broken into the size that can load gas retort main body 201 are supplied to gas retort main body 201 by not shown feedway.Gas retort main body 201 is gas retort A (in Fig. 9 left side) 203 and gas retort B (in Fig. 9 right side) 204 structures be connected in bottom, and first the biomass 202 loading gas retort main body 201 are fills up to gas retort B204 by raw material switching valve 205.When the level of the biomass being filled in gas retort B204 reaches prescribed value, raw material switching valve 205 switches to gas retort A203, supplies biomass 202 to gas retort A203.When the level of the biomass being filled in gas retort A203 is specified amount, temporarily stop the loading of biomass 202, start destructive distillation.

First, in order to supply the heat needed for destructive distillation at gas retort A203, and supply fuel 208 to configured spray gun A206 and send air 209 from the top of gas retort A203, the fuel 208 of discharging from spray gun A206 is burnt.Spray gun A206 configures in the mode that the X-X ' section (Fig. 9) of gas retort A203 is as shown in Figure 10 such.Spray gun B207 described later configures too.Combustion gases and carbonizing gas/tar 221 move downwards in filling bed 210 to biomass supply heat, enter in gas retort B204, and the biomass in the gas retort of preheating on one side B204 are mobile in biomass filling bed 211 upward on one side.Now, a part for the carbonizing gas/tar produced because of destructive distillation contacts with the biomass charcoal in gas retort A203 and gas retort B204 or biomass, carries out adsorbing and/or absorbing and adheres to precipitation carbon component.Eliminate and discharge from gas retort B204 to the combustion gases of biomass supply heat and the carbonizing gas 212 of tar, removed the dust constituent in gas by 1 precipitron 213.The carbonizing gas 214 of discharging from 1 precipitron 213 is the light hydrocarbon such as CO and methane, is supplied to gas retort A203 as the thermal source needed for destructive distillation.Now, the fuel 208 first used cut down the amount of the heat of carbonizing gas 214 that supplies.When the temperature being located at the thermometer between gas retort A203 and gas retort B204 is specified temperature, the biomass charcoal 223 in filling bed 210 is discharged from outlet valve A215, is discharged to outside system by outlet valve 216.At this, temporarily stop the supply of the fuel feed to gas retort A203, carbonizing gas.Raw material switching valve 205 switches to gas retort A203 side, loads biomass 202 in gas retort A203.Then, supply fuel 208 to the spray gun B207 be configured in gas retort B204, and send into air 209, the fuel 208 of discharging from spray gun B207 is burnt.Combustion gases as mentioned above by the biomass carbonization be preheated in gas retort B204, and produce biomass charcoal and carbonizing gas/tar.Combustion gases and carbonizing gas/tar move downwards in biomass filling bed 211 to biomass supply heat, enter in gas retort A203, and the biomass in the gas retort of preheating on one side A203 are mobile in biomass filling bed 210 upward on one side.Now, the tar produced because of destructive distillation is by the biomass charcoal in gas retort B204 and gas retort A201 or biomass absorbent and/or absorption.Eliminate and discharge from gas retort A203 to the combustion gases of biomass supply heat and the carbonizing gas 212 of tar, removed the dust constituent in gas by 1 precipitron 213.The carbonizing gas 214 of discharging from 1 precipitron 213 is the light hydrocarbon such as CO and methane, is supplied by gas retort B204 as the thermal source needed for destructive distillation.Now, the amount of the heat of the carbonizing gas 214 supplied only cut down by the fuel 208 first used.When the temperature being located at the thermometer between gas retort B204 and gas retort A203 is specified temperature, the biomass charcoal in gas retort B204 is discharged by outlet valve B217, utilizes outlet valve 216 to be discharged to outside system.

By repeating above operation, the biomass charcoal of the charcoal in the destructive distillation resultant produced when manufacturing biomass carbonization and separate out biomass carbonization in the biomass of destructive distillation.

The lower limit of the pyrolysis temperature of the biomass in gas retort is preferably and produces more than the temperature of carbonizing gas/tar from biomass.Common biomass are preferably more than 400 DEG C.On the other hand, except containing except biomass adhesive water in the carbonizing gas/tar of biomass, also containing the moisture produced by decomposing.In embodiment 3, for the purpose of the rate of recovery improving charcoal in biomass, preferably the upper limit of heating/pyrolysis temperature is significantly do not produce below temperature that moisture reacts.Common biomass are preferably less than 800 DEG C.Be more preferably 450 ~ 750 DEG C.

In order to manufacture biomass charcoal from biomass high productivity, preferably carrying out with aforesaid temperature condition, but particularly preferably implementing with low heat-up rate at low temperatures, and the residence time in gas retort is implemented longlyer.By increasing the residence time, the tar ingredients of generation etc. easily utilize the biomass charcoal of gas retort bottom and adhere to.Specifically, as shown in figure 11, the biomass charcoal manufactured by 1 process in gas retort is not all discharged, and 50 volume % of the biomass in gas retort can be discharged, and improve the productive rate of biomass charcoal by the biomass that the top filling of the biomass charcoal at 50 residual volume % is new.Biomass charcoal is manufactured as shown in Figure 11 (a) ~ (f).

(a): by the biomass carbonization of gas retort A203.

(b): a part of discharging the biomass charcoal manufactured at gas retort A203.

(c): newly load biomass 202a to gas retort A203.

(d): by the biomass carbonization of gas retort B204.

(e): a part for the biomass charcoal manufactured at gas retort B204 is discharged.

(f): newly load biomass 202b to gas retort B204.

The residence time in gas retort till being preferably encased in discharge from biomass is more than 30 minutes.When being less than 30 minutes, carbonize insufficient, the net calorific value that sometimes may produce biomass charcoal reduces.In addition, for the residence time more than 60 minutes, the productive rate of biomass charcoal reduces, and needs the volume increasing gas retort, so be uneconomic.Such as, in the situation of often above-mentioned 50 volume % discharges, the residence time be located in gas retort is 30 minutes, one time retorting time is 7.5 minutes, and attachment precipitation (storage period) 7.5 minutes of (storage period) 7.5 minutes → destructive distillation 7.5 minutes → carbon component is separated out in the attachment becoming destructive distillation 7.5 minutes → carbon component.Became certain making the residence time with 30 minutes, when every 1/3 (33 volume %) discharges, become 5 minutes 5 minutes → storage periods of destructive distillation 5 minutes → destructive distillation, 5 minutes → storage period, 5 minutes → destructive distillation, 5 minutes → storage period, when every 1/4 (25 volume %) discharges, become 3.75 minutes 3.75 minutes → storage periods of destructive distillation 3.75 minutes → destructive distillation, 3.75 minutes → storage period 3.75 minutes → destructive distillation, 3.75 minutes → storage period, 3.75 minutes → destructive distillation, 3.75 minutes → storage period.Improve in this point at productive rate, on equipment, preferably in attainable scope, make a retorting time short.

The spray gun be located in gas retort also can be 1, but when considering to heat supply in filling bed, preferred disposition is multiple.

Although the biomass charcoal obtained can directly use in steel making technology, preferably to form as required or micronization uses.Use the rolling granulation utilizing the rotating disk tilted to carry out, the extrusion molding carrying out extruding from the mould of cylindrical shape as long as be shaped, carry out to the compressing forming machine etc. of the briquetting roller of the mould supply powder on rotating roller surface, normally used forming mill.As long as micronization uses normally used roller mill, rod mill etc. to carry out.

As long as the destructive distillation of biomass thermal source, in gas retort, use heavy oil, Sweet natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) etc., as long as can supply from spray gun from the fuel of spray gun supply.

The biomass charcoal reclaimed from gas retort is discharged after pyroprocessing, therefore, considers the security of ignition etc., is preferably cooled by rare gas element etc.As long as cooling temperature is 200 DEG C of degree, be more preferably less than 100 DEG C.

Figure 12 represents another embodiment of the present invention.It is situation carbonizing gas 214 being burnt at roasting kiln 218 separately and supplies to gas retort 203,204.

[embodiment 1]

The equipment shown in Figure 13 of use carries out the retort experiment of biomass.Gas retort A203, gas retort B204 are internal diameter 100mm, length 400mm, at hot blast sending spparatus 225, nitrogen 226 being heated to specified temperature, heating by supplying.

Table 3 represents the composition of the biomass used.

Table 3

In advance the biomass shown in table 3 are pulverized, be filled in gas retort A203 and gas retort B204.The nitrogen 226 being heated to specified temperature is blowed to gas retort A203, implement the destructive distillation of 7.5 minutes, stop the supply of heating nitrogen, measure the level of the upper surface of the content of gas retort A203 from gas retort A203 bottom, and discharge 1/2 volume, newly supply biomass 202 to gas retort A203.Secondly, nitrogen will be heated and supply to gas retort B204, and carry out the destructive distillation of 7.5 minutes equally, discharge 1/2 volume from gas retort B204.Repeat this operation.The destructive distillation of biomass is carried out at twice, and the residence time in gas retort till being encased in discharge from biomass is 30 minutes.The feed speed of biomass is 2.0kg/h.Make the Heating temperature of nitrogen 226 (hot blast temperature) change as shown in table 4, carry out the test of example 1 ~ 6 of the present invention.

Table 4

[table 4]

In each test, the temperature of the nitrogen+carbonizing gas of discharging from gas retort A203, B204 is shown in table 4 in the lump as carbonizing gas temperature out.Carry out this operation of 6 hours, measure the proterties (composition) of the biomass charcoal 223 of discharging, calculate biomass charcoal productive rate according to contained ash levels.In addition, the productive rate of the gas of recovery, tar, moisture is measured.Result is shown in table 4 in the lump.

Secondly, discharge from every 1/3 volume of gas retort, the retorting time once of biomass in gas retort is set to 5 minutes, in addition, carries out the test of example 7 of the present invention with the condition identical with the invention described above example 5.The destructive distillation of biomass divides to be carried out for three times, and the residence time in gas retort till being encased in discharge from biomass is 30 minutes.Result is shown in table 4 in the lump.

And then, the result only using gas retort A203 to carry out the situation of the destructive distillation of biomass is shown in table 4 in the lump as comparative example 1.

Known according to table 4, by manufacturing biomass charcoal according to the inventive method of the device employing connection two gas retorts, can make the tar of generation, gas is attached to destructive distillation biomass, heating and carbonizing, the productive rate of side's biomass charcoal that pyrolysis temperature is low improves.In addition, the residence time in gas retort till being loaded to discharge from biomass is identical, the short side's productive rate of the retorting time of 1 time improves.And then known, for tar ingredients, the result using the analysis of GC-MS (directly linking the spectrometry mass of gas chromatograph) is lighting.

Label declaration

201 gas retort main bodys, 202 (202a, 202b) biomass

203 gas retort A, 204 gas retort B

205 raw material switching valves, 206 spray gun A

207 spray gun B, 208 fuel

209 air, 210 biomass filling beds

211 biomass filling beds, 212 carbonizing gas

2131 precipitrons, 214 carbonizing gas

215 outlet valve A, 216 outlet valves

217 outlet valve B, 218 roasting kilns

221 carbonizing gas/tar, 222 supply valves

223 biomass charcoals, 225 hot air generators

226 nitrogen

Claims (13)

1. a manufacture method for biomass charcoal, wherein,

From top or top, the side input biomass of shaft furnace,

Be blown into hot blast from the bottom of described shaft furnace or bottom, side, make described biomass carbonated and form biomass charcoal in described shaft furnace,

Waste gas containing the tar produced when described charing is discharged from the top of described shaft furnace or top, side,

Make being blown into shaft furnace together with hot blast from the bottom of shaft furnace or bottom, side and contacting with described biomass charcoal and be attached to described biomass charcoal at least partially of the described tar in described waste gas,

Make to be attached to changing into carbide at least partially and described carbide being separated out on described biomass charcoal of the described tar on described biomass charcoal.

2. the manufacture method of biomass charcoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

From bottom or the side underfeed cooling gas of described shaft furnace.

3. the manufacture method of biomass charcoal as claimed in claim 2, wherein,

Described cooling gas circulation uses described waste gas.

4. the manufacture method of biomass charcoal as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein,

Supply in a part for described tar and described cooling gas one in the same way stove.

5. the manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

Be separated described tar from described waste gas, and the described tar after being separated is blown into shaft furnace.

6. the manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

Make described waste gas be less than 1 burning with air ratio, be blown into shaft furnace as hot blast.

7. the manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

The carbonization temperature of described biomass charcoal is 300 ~ 700 DEG C.

8. the manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

The temperature of described waste gas is 50 ~ 300 DEG C.

9. the manufacture method of the biomass charcoal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

Described hot blast is anaerobic or hypoxemia, and temperature is 400 ~ 1200 DEG C.

10. a manufacture method for biomass charcoal,

Use there is the filling mobile layer mode of the double-tower type of two gas retorts be connected to each other stove by biomass carbonization to manufacture biomass charcoal, wherein,

The gas produced by the destructive distillation of the biomass in a gas retort is contacted with the biomass in another gas retort with tar,

Attachment in the biomass of the carbon component in described gas and described tar in another gas retort described is made to separate out during the destructive distillation of the biomass in another gas retort described.

The manufacture method of 11. biomass charcoals as claimed in claim 10, wherein,

The pyrolysis temperature of the biomass in gas retort is set to 400 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.

The manufacture method of 12. biomass charcoals as claimed in claim 10, wherein,

The residence time of the biomass in gas retort is set to more than 30 minutes.

The manufacture method of 13. biomass charcoals as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The charing of described biomass is included in by biomass carbonization in the first gas retort, produces gas and tar,

The contact at least partially of described tar, comprise the gas making to produce in the first gas retort to contact with the biomass in the second gas retort with tar, during the destructive distillation of the biomass in the second gas retort, make attachment in described gas and the biomass of described tar in the second gas retort separate out.