CN103131493A

CN103131493A - A kind of lignite forming and upgrading method

Info

Publication number: CN103131493A
Application number: CN2013100814062A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苗若鹏; 戴吾昕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-03-14
Filing date: 2013-03-14
Publication date: 2013-06-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a lignite forming and upgrading method, and belongs to the technical field of lignite forming and upgrading in coal deep processing. The technical scheme is as follows: firstly, crushing lignite to the particle size of below 6 mm, adjusting the mass percentage of moisture of the lignite to be between 20 and 45 percent, then carrying out pressure forming, feeding the formed lignite into a drying machine for drying, wherein the drying machine is divided into a front section and a rear section, the drying temperature of the front section of the drying machine is controlled to be between 180 ℃ and 240 ℃, and the drying temperature of the rear section of the drying machine is controlled to be between 100 ℃ and 140 ℃. The invention can improve the heat productivity of the upgraded and dried lignite by 30-70%, reduce the transportation cost, reduce the dust pollution in the coal transportation and use processes, greatly prolong the spontaneous combustion ignition period of the lignite in the storage and transportation processes, and has simple process and greatly reduced production cost per ton; the gas discharged in the drying process is mainly hot air containing water vapor, and organic matters or other harmful gases generated in the thermal cracking or thermal decomposition of coal are not generated, so that the environmental pollution is avoided.

Description

A kind of Moulding Process of Brown Coal method for upgrading

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Moulding Process of Brown Coal method for upgrading, belong to coal deep processing Moulding Process of Brown Coal upgrading technical field.

Background technology

Brown coal are coals of degree of coalification lower-order, and degree of coalification is between peat and bituminous coal, and water content is high, easy-weathering in air; Contain a certain amount of original humic acid, carbon content is low, and oxygen level is high, and hydrogen richness changes greatly: volatile matter is generally 45%～55%.High due to brown coal moisture, calorific value is low, easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, the transportation cost of unit energy is high, is unfavorable for that long distance carries and store.The thermo-efficiency that brown coal directly burn is lower, and the quantity discharged of greenhouse gases is also very large, is difficult to large-scale develop and utilize.In addition, utilization also is restricted brown coal as feedstock conversion, and brown coal liquefaction, destructive distillation and gasification all need moisture in coal is down to below 10%, if brown coal are processed without upgrading, to be difficult to satisfy multiple user's specification of quality, the key that the brown coal Efficient Development utilizes is processed in the brown coal upgrading.Brown coal upgrading of the present invention refers to brown coal in the processes such as dehydration, moulding and thermolysis, and the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of coal changes, and changes into the upgraded coal with approximate bituminous coal character.After brown coal dehydration upgrading processing, because moisture significantly reduces, can make thermal value increase substantially, also can prevent spontaneous combustion of coal, be convenient to transportation and store, be conducive to again the uses such as generating, gas making, chemical industry.Brown coal upgrading technology sun up gets up and substantially can be divided into non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology, moulding upgrading technology, pyrolysis upgrading technology three major types.1, non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology, the brown coal non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology take high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil) dry technology as representative.It is a kind of physics and chemistry structure that changes brown coal by conditions such as High Temperature High Pressure.It is transformed into the method for upgrading of cleaning, efficient bituminous coal fuel.This novel upgrading technology is that brown coal are directly contacted with high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil), and moisture is deviate from.Thereby brown coal are shunk become finer and close, hydrophobicity strengthens; 2, pyrolysis upgrading technology, the brown coal pyrolysis started from for 20 beginnings of the century, and typical brown coal pyrolytic process comprises both at home and abroad: the fluid bed fast pyrolysis technique of the L of Germany-R technique, Australia, the multistage rotary kiln technique of China, Chinese solid thermal carriers new distillation process technique etc.The problem that above-mentioned brown coal upgrading technology exists is: technical matters is immature, project investment is large, and environmental pollution is serious, water loss is large.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Moulding Process of Brown Coal method for upgrading, can be golf calorific value with the upgrading of low order Moulding Process of Brown Coal, be easy to the moulded coal of accumulating, solve the problems referred to above that exist in background.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of Moulding Process of Brown Coal method for upgrading comprises moulding and baking operation, first carries out molding procedure, after carry out baking operation; At first described molding procedure is crushed to brown coal granularity below 6 millimeters, and the quality percentage composition of its moisture is adjusted between 20-45%, then carries out pressure forming, becomes moulded coal; Described baking operation, the moulded coal after moulding is sent into drying machine drying, and dryer divides two sections of front and back, dry moulded coal under differing temps, the dryer leading portion is high temperature section, and bake out temperature is controlled between 180-240 ℃, the dryer back segment is low-temperature zone, and bake out temperature is controlled between 100-140 ℃.

Described molding procedure, brown coal add tackiness agent after pulverizing, mixing and stirring, then carry out pressure forming; Its forming pressure is controlled at below 200MPa.After described brown coal are pulverized, granularity is below 6 millimeters.

The drying source of described dryer is kiln gas.

Described dryer is mesh-belt type drier or chain-plate type tunnel furnace dryer; Described mesh-belt type drier or chain-plate type tunnel furnace dryer are divided into forward and backward two groups of tandems and arrange, front networking belt drying machine or chain-plate type tunnel furnace dryer are high temperature section, and rear networking belt drying machine or chain-plate type tunnel furnace dryer are low-temperature zone.

When innovative point of the present invention is the brown coal upgrading, changes background technology and first dry Postforming Technology, adopt the technological process of production of first moulding post-drying, and rationally control forming pressure and bake out temperature, obtained satisfied technique effect.

Positively effect of the present invention: the brown coal thermal value after the upgrading oven dry can be improved 30-70%, reduce transportation cost, reduced the dust pollution in Coal Transport, use procedure, greatly extended the spontaneous combustion time of brown coal in storage and transport process, and technique is simple, and the ton production cost declines to a great extent; Because the gas that discharges is mainly the warm air that contains water vapour, the organism that produces when there is no coal thermo-cracking or thermolysis or other obnoxious flavoures be not so can cause environmental pollution in drying process.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is embodiment of the present invention schema;

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the invention will be further described.

In an embodiment, at first the net calorific value that will chemically examine through third party's metering test department is that the brown coal of 13.4 million Jiao/kilograms, total water 44.7%, ash content 8.44%, volatile matter 30.03% are crushed to below 6 millimeters, its moisture adjusts to 45%, then carry out pressure forming, described molding procedure, brown coal add tackiness agent after pulverizing, mixing and stirring, then carry out pressure forming.

Moulded coal after moulding is sent into the mesh-belt type drier oven dry, the mesh-belt type drier drying source is kiln gas, mesh-belt type drier is divided into forward and backward two groups of tandems and arranges, front networking belt drying machine is high temperature section, rear networking belt drying machine is low-temperature zone, before and after two sections dry under differing temps, the leading portion bake out temperature is controlled at 220 ℃, the back segment bake out temperature is controlled at 120 ℃.After the invention process, department chemically examines through third party's metering test, can obtain net calorific value is the final briquette prod of upgraded brown coal of 21.88 million Jiao/kilograms, total water 5.5%, ash content 14.45%, volatile matter 35%, its thermal value has improved 63.28%, reduced the dust pollution of transportation, spontaneous combustion time extended to more than 12 months.

Claims

1. A lignite molding and upgrading method is characterized in that: comprising molding and drying process, the molding process is carried out first, and then the drying process is carried out; the molding process first pulverizes the lignite to less than 6 millimeters in particle size, and removes its moisture The mass percentage content is adjusted to between 20-45%, and then pressure-molded to become briquettes; in the drying process, the formed briquettes are sent to the dryer for drying, and the dryer is divided into two sections before and after , drying briquettes at different temperatures, the front section of the dryer is a high temperature section, the drying temperature is controlled between 180-240°C, the back section of the dryer is a low temperature section, and the drying temperature is controlled between 100-140°C .

2. A lignite molding and upgrading method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the molding process, after the lignite is pulverized, an adhesive is added, mixed and stirred evenly, and pressure molding is carried out.

3. A lignite molding and upgrading method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pulverized lignite has a particle size of 6 mm or less.

4. A lignite molding and upgrading method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the drying heat source of the dryer is furnace flue gas.

5. A method for molding and upgrading lignite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the dryer is a mesh belt dryer or a chain plate tunnel kiln dryer; the mesh belt dryer Dryer or chain-plate tunnel kiln dryer is divided into front and rear two groups arranged in series, the front mesh belt dryer or chain plate tunnel kiln dryer is the high temperature section, and the rear mesh belt dryer Or the chain plate tunnel kiln dryer is the low temperature section.