CN1045597A - Improve the active method of moulded coal - Google Patents

Improve the active method of moulded coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1045597A
CN1045597A CN 89101430 CN89101430A CN1045597A CN 1045597 A CN1045597 A CN 1045597A CN 89101430 CN89101430 CN 89101430 CN 89101430 A CN89101430 A CN 89101430A CN 1045597 A CN1045597 A CN 1045597A
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coal
volatile
low
moulded coal
moulded
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盛天义
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Abstract

The active method of a kind of raising moulded coal.This method will contain the high coal of the volatile matter coal low with containing volatile matter and mix by a certain percentage, and add tackiness agent etc., be pressed into activity through certain technology again and reach 80% moulded coal.This kind high reactivity moulded coal is applicable to especially producer gas generator of multiple industrial furnace, it can make stove have higher productivity to reach gas quality preferably, overcome that existing moulded coal activity is low, thermal value is low, can not fully satisfy problems such as industrial demand, to make full use of the coal resources of China's abundant, reduce production costs.

Description

Improve the active method of moulded coal
The present invention relates to a kind of solid fuel moulded coal, the active method of particularly a kind of raising moulded coal.The result of use of industrial furnace such as producer gas generator is relevant with the coal gas thermal value with fuel mass to a great extent at present.The producer gas generator of China, used moulded coal fuel active low, all very high as the melting rate of present glass melter, the highest 1400 kilocalories/mark rice that is no more than of thermal value that is produced with existing low activity moulded coal fuel 3Producer gas keep stable height fusing amount felt the difficulty.Thereby the producer gas generator of glass industry can only use gas production rate and the best Datong, Shanxi Province bituminous coal lump coal of gas quality at present, but need long-distance transport, and datong bitumite lump coal activity is low, coal cinder also contains the fine coal about 15-20%, as be used for glass industry and also will these fine coal be disposed with 50 yuan/ton reduced price, thereby enterprise will pay a considerable expense every year for this reason.Solve present present situation, if do not have condition to change the fuel of golf calorific values such as burning heavy oil or Sweet natural gas, just only take some technology to improve the thermal value of producer gas on the basis of existing producer, present adoptable method has preheating air blast and oxygen enriched blast.
One, preheating air blast.Can improve the thermal value and the productivity of producer gas, but needing increases equipment such as heat exchanger, pipeline, air blast is preheating to 200-260 ℃, and gasification is carried out just very stablely, the thermal value of coal gas and gasification efficiency just can be significantly improved, and glass industry at present etc. are seldom adopted.
Two, oxygen enriched blast.Though producer gas generator uses oxygen enrichmentization that its superiority is arranged, but the source of need aerobic, if be close to the facility of system oxygen such as Steel Plant are arranged, nitrogen equipment, the source of oxygen just makes things convenient for manyly, otherwise will build the oxygen station of certain scale according to the oxygen requirement of gas station, so oxygen-rich gasification just is restricted.
Between the thermal value of producer gas and the activity of used moulded coal confidential relation is arranged.The activity of used moulded coal is high more, and then the thermal value of producer gas is high more, and vice versa.Improving the moulded coal activity is to improve the important method of producer gas thermal value.
By the feature that production process in the producer gas generator is carried out, divide five layers from top to bottom: one, fuel drying layer; Two, destructive distillation layer; Three, reducing zone; Four, zone of oxidation; Five, ash bed.The preparation layer of one, two two-layer composition fuel wherein, third and fourth two layers are gasification layers.
Enter the gas of producer gas generator, at first by ash bed (layer five), in the preheating a little of this gas, enter the coke surface of red heat then, the oxygen in the gas reacts at this and charcoal, the thing of formation reaction simultaneously CO 2And CO, wherein CO 2Amount higher usually, in reaction is carried out, emit a large amount of heat.At the zone of oxidation end,, begin to produce CO along with exhausting of amount of oxygen 2And H 2The reduction process of O.Zone of oxidation and reducing zone interknit closely, in this is two-layer, generate the main combustibleconstituents CO and the H of producer gas 2
From bottom to top reaction is as follows in the gasification layer:
When coal gas is come out by the gasification layer, remove combustibleconstituents CO+H 2Also has H outward, 2O, CO 2With the N that brings by air in a large number 2, producer gas can proximately be used as the mixture of the gas that generates in zone of oxidation and the preparation layer (destructive distillation layer and drying layer).The thermal value of producer gas is obviously relevant with the thermal value and the content thereof of all gases of forming it.
When coal became coke after by the destructive distillation layer and enters reducing zone, the reactivity worth of coke had very big influence to gasification, and there, the mechanism system between gas and charcoal results from the whole thickness of coke briquette.So-called reactivity worth refers to carbon and oxygen in the aforementioned gasification layer reaction formula from bottom to top, carbonic acid gas, and the interactional speed of water vapour (reaching the speed of chemical equilibrium) is generally represented with the rate of decomposition promptly active (a%) of carbonic acid gas.
The active height of moulded coal has following advantage:
1, active high, the reactivity worth of coke is good, makes carbon and oxygen, carbonic acid gas, water vapour interaction speed fast, thereby can make stove that higher gas production rate is arranged, thereby make the raising of coal gas thermal value.Simultaneously, because interaction speed is fast, can reduce the demand that feeds the gas in the producer gas generator, the corresponding N that brings by bubbling air that reduced 2Deng the content of non-combustible gas, thereby improve gas quality, also helped improving the coal gas thermal value.
2, under the certain condition, the activity of coal raises along with the rising of temperature.But the moulded coal that the inventive method is made can be issued to higher activity in relatively low temperature, active in addition again high moulded coal, the reactivity worth of coke is good, consumption to steam and oxygen is reduced,, prevent the ash content slagging scorification so can under lower gasification layer temperature, carry out operation.
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, provide a kind of raising moulded coal active method, thereby provide a kind of producer that mainly gives gas to use, can make producer gas generator that higher gas production rate and gas quality are preferably arranged, be easy to the high reactivity moulded coal of processing and manufacturing, to make full use of China's various places abundant in coal resource, reduce production costs, satisfy industrial demand.
The present invention is achieved in that
The active method of a kind of raising moulded coal, with a kind of or several high volatile coals (be in the various coals volatile content by weight the percentage ratio meter be 38-65%, as follows) and a kind of or several low-volatile coal (be in the various coals volatile content by weight the percentage ratio meter be 6-22%, as follows), separated pulverizing (directly using if granularity has reached that requirement also can not pulverized) is to certain particle size, under certain temperature and pressure condition, mix through preheating, charing, compression moulding, cooling, or through batch mixing, compression moulding, stoving process is made moulded coal, add a certain amount of tackiness agent such as the pitch (comprising petroleum pitch and tar-bitumen) that does not reduce above-mentioned mixed coal powder ash fusion point in the manufacture craft, clay, the residual oil slag, humic acids, lime etc. also can add (also can not adding) a small amount of calcium salt such as rhombspar, lime, calcium chloride etc.It adds proportioning is (representing with weight percentage):
High volatile coal dust 10-80%
Low volatile coal dust 15-80%
Tackiness agent 5-20%
Or high volatile coal dust 10-80%
Low volatile coal dust 13-80%
Tackiness agent 5-20%
Solid calcium salt 2-10%
The volatile matter of coal is meant the part of overflowing through decomposition when coal heats under certain condition, and it is one of quality index of coal.Also exist the then active also corresponding high relation of volatile content height of coal between the volatile content of coal and the activity of coal.Its reason is that the high volatile coal part of overflowing through decomposition when heating under certain condition is many, so the porosity that stays in coal is also big more, this just makes the reaction table area increase, and speed of response is accelerated, and promptly the activity of coal is improved.But test result (referring to subordinate list 1) shows: the moulded coal that mixes coal dust that contains of the present invention: its volatile content is near the mean value of high volatile coal dust in the mixed coal powder and low volatile coal dust volatile content, but active (86.2%) substantially exceeds high volatile coal dust and the active mean value 70.65% of low volatile coal dust.
There also have employing to add calcium salt in the prior art at present to be active to improve moulded coal, because the add-on of calcium salt is big, just means that the ash oontent of moulded coal improves, and fixed carbon reduces, the thermal value reduction.And calcium salt add-on of the present invention little (2-10%) has overcome the shortcoming that above-mentioned add-on is brought more.
Improve outside the Pass the active tackiness agent that removes main and the mixed coal powder that adopts suitable proportioning and do not reduce the ash content fusing point of moulded coal has, the granularity of coal dust and calcium salt, forming pressure, the factors such as temperature of preheating mixing, charing, oven dry also have certain influence to the moulded coal activity.High volatile coal dust of the present invention and low volatile coal dust preferably all are crushed to below 40 orders, so that fully mix with tackiness agent.As add solid calcium salt, then calcium salt is crushed to the 100-180 order.Through preheating mixing, charing, compression moulding, when process for cooling is made moulded coal, preferably preheating temperature is 80-250 ℃, carbonization temperature 80-300 ℃, and forming pressure 100-250kg/cm 2, tackiness agent is preferably pitch; Through batch mixing, pressure forming, when stoving process is made moulded coal, preferably forming pressure is 200-300kg/cm 2, bake out temperature 100-150 ℃, the tackiness agent before the batch mixing behind the adding dilute with water.
High volatile coal of the present invention is preferably brown coal or long-flame coal, and low-volatile coal is preferably hard coal or meager coal.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, improved the moulded coal activity greatly, can make industrial furnace especially producer gas generator higher gas production rate and gas quality (thereby can improve the coal gas thermal value) are preferably arranged, and other quality index of moulded coal also can be near the index of high-quality datong bitumite lump coal.High volatile coal has high activity, and fixed carbon content is low, though and low-volatile coal is active low, but it is higher to have fixed carbon content, characteristics such as thermal value height.The present invention's method had both been drawn high volatile coal such as brown coal, advantage that the long-flame coal isoreactivity is high, had drawn low-volatile coal such as fixed carbon content height, thermal value advantages of higher such as hard coal, meager coal simultaneously again.Can find out from subordinate list 1 influence that activity improves.
From subordinate list 1 as can be seen, the activity of the present invention's the high reactivity moulded coal that method provided can reach more than 80%, not only substantially exceeded and formed the high-volatile coal of high reactivity moulded coal and the active mean value of low volatile coal, also be higher than the activity 53.6% that generally is used in the high-quality datong bitumite lump coal of producer gas generator at present, make its active high long-flame coal and active low meager coal etc. all can reach the activity index of State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB220-77 brown coal, promptly activity all can reach 80% in the time of 1100 ℃.
The present invention to the influence of briquet quality index referring to subordinate list 2.
From subordinate list 2 more as can be seen, the high reactivity moulded coal that the present invention's method is produced is under the situation that activity improves greatly, other quality index major part is all near the index of high-quality datong bitumite lump coal, have in addition surpass to some extent.
2, can make full use of local coal resources, reduce the transportation burden, reduce production costs.
3, can make full use of existing installation.Past is need design producer with coal, now can be according to high-volatile coal and low volatile coal reasonably combined, draw the desirable index of the activity, thermal value, fixed carbon etc. of the coal that used producer needs, design with what coal and proportioning thereof with the producer gas production rate.
4, the inventive method is very simple, is easy to apply.
5, be suitable for the various tackiness agent synthetic moulded coals that do not reduce mixed coal powder ash content fusing point, thereby a lot of tackiness agent can both be used.
6, the calcium salt add-on is few, and is minimum to the influence of moulded coal ash oontent and fixed carbon.
High reactivity moulded coal provided by the invention is mainly used in producer, also can be used for boiler, steam vehicle, fertilizer plant etc.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment one.Mi County's meager coal powder of 45% and 45% Yima long flame coal dust through preheating mix, charing, compression moulding, process for cooling make moulded coal.The preheating mixing temperature is 100 ℃, 150 ℃ of carbonization temperatures, forming pressure 250kg/cm 2, the binder pitch of adding 10% when charing.Coal dust all is crushed to 50 orders.
The quality index of this kind moulded coal is: active (a%) is 86.2% in the time of 1100 ℃, 70 kilograms of/balls of hot strength, 180 kilograms of/balls of cold strength, volatile matter 27.2%, moisture 0.8%, ash content 16.96%, 6550 kilocalories/kilogram of thermal values, fixed carbon 53.1%, cohesiveness 2,1400 ℃ of ash content fusing points.
Embodiment two.54% high volatile coal dust (comprising 14% Kaiyuan City, Yunnan brown coal powder and 40% Yima long flame coal dust) and 34% low volatile coal dust (comprising Mi County's meager coal powder of 24% and Jiaozhuo pulverized anthracite of 10%) are made moulded coal through preheating mixing, charing, compression moulding, process for cooling, 140 purpose lime powders of adding 2% are in mixed coal powder before preheating mixes, and other processing condition are same as embodiment one.
Quality index: active (a%) is 89.0% in the time of 1100 ℃, 70 kilograms of/balls of hot strength, 180 kilograms of/balls of cold strength, volatile matter 29.10%, moisture 0.8%, ash content 20%, 6300 kilocalories/kilogram of thermal values, fixed carbon 54.0%, cohesiveness 2,1250 ℃ of ash content fusing points.
Embodiment three.42% Mi County's meager coal powder, 43% Yima long flame coal dust and 15% tackiness agent wilkinite add the water batch mixing, and moulded coal, forming pressure 300 kilograms per centimeter are made in repressed again moulding, oven dry 2, oven dry is 20 minutes under 140 ℃ of temperature.Coal dust all is crushed to 60 orders.
Quality index: active (a%) is 84% in the time of 1100 ℃, 60 kilograms of/balls of hot strength, 165 kilograms of/balls of cold strength, volatile matter 24%, moisture 4%, ash content 32%, 5500 kilocalories/kilogram of thermal values, cohesiveness 2,1300 ℃ of ash fusion points, fixed carbon 47%.
Embodiment four.The 180 purpose ground dolomites that add 16% wilkinite and 3% in the mixed coal powder of Mi County's pulverized anthracite of 20% and Kaiyuan City, Yunnan brown coal powder of 61% add water and carry out batch mixing, and moulded coal is made in repressed again moulding, oven dry.Coal dust all is crushed to 80 orders.All the other processing condition are same as embodiment three.
Quality index: active (a%) is 89% in the time of 1100 ℃, 61 kilograms of/balls of hot strength, 175 kilograms of/balls of cold strength, volatile matter 29%, moisture 4%, ash content 34%, 5200 kilocalories/kilogram of thermal values, cohesiveness 2,1300 ℃ of ash content fusing points, fixed carbon 43%.

Claims (4)

1, the active method of a kind of raising moulded coal, raw coal is crushed to certain particle size, under certain temperature and pressure condition, mix through preheating, charing, compression moulding, cooling, or through batch mixing, compression moulding, stoving process is made moulded coal, add a certain amount of powder mixture in the manufacture craft, also can add calcium salt, it is characterized in that raw coal comprise a kind of or several high volatile coals (in the various coals volatile content by weight the percentage ratio meter be 38-65%, below identical) and a kind of or several low-volatile coal (in the various coals volatile content by weight the percentage ratio meter be 6-22%, as follows), tackiness agent is (representing with weight percentage) for its adding proportioning of tackiness agent (as follows) that does not reduce above-mentioned mixed coal powder ash content fusing point:
High volatile coal dust 10-80%
Low volatile coal dust 15-80%
Tackiness agent 5-20%
Or high volatile coal divides 10-80%
Low volatile coal dust 13-80%
Tackiness agent 5-20%
Solid calcium salt 2-10%.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that high volatile coal and low-volatile coal all are crushed to below 40 orders, calcium salt is crushed to the 100-180 order, take through preheating mixing, charing, compression moulding, when process for cooling is made moulded coal, 80-250 ℃ of preheating mixing temperature, carbonization temperature 80-300 ℃, forming pressure 100-250kg/cm 2, when charing, add binder pitch.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that high volatile coal and low-volatile coal all are crushed to below 40 orders, and calcium salt is crushed to the 100-180 order, takes through batch mixing, compression moulding, when stoving process is made moulded coal, and forming pressure is 200-300kg/cm 2, under 100-150 ℃ of temperature, dry the binder pitch before the batch mixing behind the adding dilute with water.
4, according to any one described method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described high volatile coal is brown coal or long-flame coal, low-volatile coal is hard coal or meager coal.
CN 89101430 1989-03-13 1989-03-13 Improve the active method of moulded coal Pending CN1045597A (en)

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CN 89101430 CN1045597A (en) 1989-03-13 1989-03-13 Improve the active method of moulded coal

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CN 89101430 CN1045597A (en) 1989-03-13 1989-03-13 Improve the active method of moulded coal

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103131493A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-06-05 苗若鹏 A kind of lignite forming and upgrading method
CN104841854A (en) * 2015-05-07 2015-08-19 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 Low-thermal-expansion molding sand and preparation method thereof
CN106833790A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-13 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of method for improving coal briquette for civillan use combustibility

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103131493A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-06-05 苗若鹏 A kind of lignite forming and upgrading method
CN104841854A (en) * 2015-05-07 2015-08-19 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 Low-thermal-expansion molding sand and preparation method thereof
CN106833790A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-13 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of method for improving coal briquette for civillan use combustibility

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