CN103224802B - Biomass drying and carbonization system and application thereof - Google Patents
Biomass drying and carbonization system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103224802B CN103224802B CN201310151090.XA CN201310151090A CN103224802B CN 103224802 B CN103224802 B CN 103224802B CN 201310151090 A CN201310151090 A CN 201310151090A CN 103224802 B CN103224802 B CN 103224802B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass drying and carbonization system comprising a raw material crushing mechanism, a raw material delivery mechanism, a raw material chamber, a blower fan, a small combustion chamber, a carbonization furnace, a flue gas de-dust ash hopper, and a solid coke chamber. With the raw material crushing mechanism, a biomass raw material is cut and crushed; a small amount of the crushed raw material is delivered into the small combustion chamber by the raw material delivery mechanism, and most of the crushed raw material is delivered into the raw material chamber; high-temperature flue gas produced by complete combustion of the biomass raw material in the small combustion chamber is delivered into the carbonization furnace, and is used for heating and carbonizing the most of the biomass raw material blanked from the raw material chamber; solid coke produced by carbonization is delivered into the solid coke chamber; produced low-heat-value pyrolysis gas and low-temperature flue gas produced by heat exchange of the high-temperature flue gas and the biomass raw material requiring carbonization are delivered back to the small combustion chamber to be recovered; and produced liquid product is delivered into a chute through an orifice plate, and is collected through a collection pipe. With the biomass drying and carbonization system provided by the invention, a thermal efficiency during the entire biomass carbonization process is high, and a final solid coke yield reaches 50-60%.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device of bioenergy technical field, is specifically related to the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass.
Background technology
Biomass energy is a kind of renewable energy source, and the pollutents such as sulfur-bearing, nitrogen are few, and thermochemistry transforms and can not cause extra Carbon emission.Compared with the fossil oil such as coal, oil, biomass moisture content is high, and ash oontent is few, and energy density is low, and resource is disperseed and had a seasonal feature.
Because biomass moisture content is high, the tar content of direct gasification is high, and impact gasification gas synthesizes and combustion power generation in internal combustion turbine or oil engine at chemical industry.Can remove most of moisture by carbonization pre-treatment, and due to reactions such as decarboxylation, oxygen element content in solid Jiao is reduced, and low O/C be than the burning or the gasification reaction that are conducive to biomass char.
Chinese patent literature CN1673317A, open day 2005-9-28, record a kind of " carbonization of biomass and gasification and power generation assembly ", this device comprises carbonizer, gasifier and generating set, carbonizer is made up of multiple independently carbonizing chambers, and take turns to operate, carbonizing chamber adopts the mode of high-temperature flue gas indirect heating, its effect is to produce char-forming material.This device is to the carbonization temperature of biomass up to 600 DEG C, and time length 30 ~ 60min, because this Process Energy demand is large, must have high temperature heat source such as discharge of gas turbine tail gas just can reach higher economy.But, if too high for stalk biomass carbonization temperature, overlong time, cause too much volatile matter to discharge, the solid coke ratio rate obtaining is very low, records by patent CN1673317A, and as an example of China fir sheet example, after 500 ~ 600 DEG C of carbonizations, the burnt yield of solid is about 13%.Therefore carbonization process energy retention is very low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, the problem such as solid burnt yield low large for above-mentioned carbonization process biomass high temperature pyrolysis institute energy requirement, the high-temperature flue gas that proposes to adopt biomass self burning to produce supplies the required energy of carbonization process, actual carbonization temperature is controlled at 200 ~ 300 DEG C, to obtain the burnt yield of high as far as possible solid.And improve carbide furnace structure, guarantee that gaseous product, liquid product and the solid product of carbonization process effectively separates.
Know-why of the present invention
By carbide furnace structure is improved, transmit biomass material by feeding auger, in this process, continuing carbonization is pyrolysis.Under feeding auger, add orifice plate, under orifice plate, from feed(raw material)inlet to carbide furnace, outlet is provided with the skewed slot of 15 °, is beneficial to the collection of product liquid.Biomass material falls in carbide furnace from raw material cabin, under the drive of feeding auger, moves gradually to the burnt pipeline that falls, and the high-temperature flue gas from small combustion chamber in moving process heats carbonization to biomass.The liquid product that carbonization produces is that liquid tar and moisture flow in skewed slot by orifice plate, then being collected to collection pipeline collects, the high-temperature flue gas that the low heat value pyrolysis gas that carbonization produces and small combustion chamber pass into carbide furnace with biomass material heat exchange after the low-temperature flue gas that becomes all send into small combustion chamber and recycle via collecting the bypass duct that is provided with on pipeline and blower fan successively, solid Jiao that carbonization produces falls into solid coke bin from the burnt pipeline that falls of carbide furnace outlet.
Biomass material is after pulverizing, and small portion falls into small combustion chamber burning and produces high-temperature flue gas, and major part is sent into raw material cabin by ingredient conveyor structure, then falls into carbide furnace.High-temperature flue gas enters carbide furnace through flue gas fairlead and maintains 200 ~ 300 DEG C of the required temperature of biomass carbonization in carbide furnace in direct-fired mode in small combustion chamber.
Technical scheme of the present invention
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass, comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism, ingredient conveyor structure, raw material cabin, blower fan, small combustion chamber, carbide furnace, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper and solid coke bin;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism is electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber is provided with slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material entrance I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber;
The outlet of described blower fan is connected with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber, in order to extraneous air is sent in small combustion chamber;
The slag notch of small combustion chamber bottom is connected with residue outlet, the lime-ash and the balance small combustion chamber flue gas pressures that produce in order to discharge the burning of small combustion chamber endogenous substance;
The top of described raw material cabin is provided with raw material cabin entrance, and bottom is provided with raw material cabin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise belt conveyor obliquely and vertically downward fall pipe; one end of described belt conveyor obliquely is connected with raw material pulverizing mechanism; the biomass material crushing in order to accept raw material pulverizing mechanism; the other end is connected with raw material cabin entrance; described one end that falls pipe is vertically downward arranged on the centre of belt conveyor obliquely, and the biomass material entrance I at the other end and small combustion chamber top joins;
Described carbide furnace is provided with biomass material entrance II, high-temperature flue gas entry, bosom is provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger, one end of feeding auger is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace by auger bearing I, the other end of feeding auger is connected with the driving motor of the feeding auger that is positioned at carbide furnace outside after being fixed on the auger bearing II on carbide furnace, under feeding auger, be provided with horizontally disposed orifice plate, the orifice plate position of the end of corresponding feeding auger is provided with carbide furnace outlet, and carbide furnace outlet is directly connected with solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
The perforate aperture of described orifice plate is preferably 3mm, percentage of open area is preferably 60%;
In carbide furnace corresponding orifice plate under be provided with the skewed slot of downward-sloping 15 ° of level, on the skewed slot that approaches burnt pipeline, be provided with a funnelform collection pipeline, on funnelform collection pipeline, be provided with an other bypass duct in parallel with the air line at fans entrance place, pass in order to reclaim low heat value pyrolysis gas and the small combustion chamber that biomass carbonization process discharges the low-temperature flue gas becoming after the high-temperature flue gas of carbide furnace and biomass material heat exchange;
The biomass material entrance II of carbide furnace be positioned at raw material cabin under, be directly connected with raw material cabin outlet;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace through flue gas fairlead, is provided with flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper on flue gas fairlead, for the flue gas after the small portion biomass combustion of small combustion chamber is carried out to dedusting.
The dry carbonization system of above-mentioned a kind of biomass is produced the application in solid Jiao in biomass material carbonization, and step is as follows:
Raw material pulverizing mechanism is that electric hay cutter is by biomass material cutting and grinding and export belt conveyor obliquely to, belt conveyor is obliquely sent to raw material cabin by 75 ~ 82% of the biomass material total amount after cutting and grinding, and 18 ~ 25% of total amount drops into small combustion chamber by falling pipe;
Described biomass material is agricultural wastes or forestry processing waste, wherein said agricultural wastes are wheat straw, cotton stem, rice straw, corn stalk, Rape Straw, rice husk, bagasse or corn cob class processing waste, and described forestry processing waste is wood chip, wood chip, branch, leaf or wood shavings class processing waste;
Small combustion chamber is sent into air by blower fan and is struck sparks and will be dropped into the biomass material perfect combustion in small combustion chamber by falling pipe by ignition device, sends into carbide furnace after producing temperature and be the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper dedusting that the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C is provided with through flue gas fairlead.Carbide furnace is that the most of biomass material being fallen by raw material cabin is heated carbonization by the heat of the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C by means of this temperature;
Described heating carbonization is at feeding auger, the biomass material being fallen by raw material cabin to be delivered in the process of carbide furnace outlet to complete, only 200 ~ 300 DEG C of actual pyrolysis carbonization temperatures, and the time is 15 ~ 30min;
Solid Jiao who produces after carbonization falls into solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
The low heat value pyrolysis gas producing after carbonization is sent small combustion chamber back to through blower fan and is reclaimed after the pipeline bypass on funnelform collection pipeline, the recycling of burning;
The product liquid producing in carbonization process flows in skewed slot by orifice plate, is then collected to collection pipeline and collects;
Described product liquid comprises water and liquid tar;
The high-temperature flue gas that in carbonization process, small combustion chamber produces becomes low-temperature flue gas in carbide furnace with after biomass material heat exchange, the bypass duct and the blower fan that are provided with through funnelform collection pipeline are sent small combustion chamber back to, and the air that air directly mixes and heating blower is introduced of introducing with blower fan is to utilize all the other heat;
The slag dropping tube that lime-ash after the perfect combustion of small combustion chamber endogenous substance raw material is provided with through small combustion chamber bottom is discharged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
A kind of biomass of the present invention are dried carbonization system, the high-temperature flue gas that is 400 ~ 600 DEG C of left and right by the temperature of the small portion biomass material burning generation in small combustion chamber due to the required energy of most of biomass material carbonization in carbide furnace provides, or the pyrolysis gas being produced by the part biological raw material in small combustion chamber and carbonization process is recycled to, and to carry out temperature that common burning produces after small combustion chamber be that the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C of left and right provides, and only 200 ~ 300 DEG C of actual carbonization temperatures, time only needs 15 ~ 30min, therefore whole biomass carbonization process thermal efficiency is higher, final solid coke yield reaches 50 ~ 60%.And the dry carbonization system of biomass of the present invention is small and exquisite flexibly, is conveniently arranged in the biomass material place of production.
A kind of biomass of the present invention are dried carbonization system, under normal pressure, operate, and do not need vacuum, also do not need high pressure, and therefore it is easy to operate, safe and reliable, can be used for processing the different sorts biomass material such as agricultural wastes or forestry processing waste.
A kind of biomass of the present invention are dried carbonization system, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas that carbide furnace endogenous substance carbonization institute energy requirement is mainly produced by the small portion biomass combustion in small combustion chamber provides, also the heat that after the low heat value pyrolysis gas producing after the most of biomass carbonization in carbide furnace being reclaimed, burning produces in small combustion chamber is simultaneously required for the carbonization of carbide furnace endogenous substance, the high-temperature flue gas that passes into carbide furnace is dried carbonization in direct-fired mode to the biomass in carbide furnace, carrying out carbonization than biomass material in prior art adopts the heat exchange efficiency of indirect heating mode high.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation of the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of Fig. 1, embodiment 1;
The structural representation of the carbide furnace of the dry carbonization system of biomass in Fig. 2, embodiment 1;
In Fig. 3, Fig. 2, A-A is to the structural representation of analysing and observe.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is further set forth below by embodiment, but do not limit the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, only provide the dry carbonization system of biomass and produced the application in solid Jiao at biomass material cotton stem and wheat straw, produced the application in solid Jiao but do not limit the dry carbonization system of biomass of the present invention at other biological raw material.
embodiment 1
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass, its structural representation as shown in Figure 1, comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism 1, ingredient conveyor structure, blower fan 7, raw material cabin 3, small combustion chamber 4, carbide furnace 5, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper 9 and solid coke bin 13;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism 1 is electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber 4 is provided with slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material entrance I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber 4; The slag notch of bottom is connected with residue outlet 8, in order to discharge lime-ash and the balance gas fume of combustion chamber pressure of biomass material burning;
The outlet of described blower fan 7 is connected with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber 4, in order to the outside air of introducing by blast main 14 is sent into small combustion chamber 4;
The top of described raw material cabin 3 is provided with raw material cabin entrance, and bottom is provided with raw material cabin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise belt conveyor 2 obliquely and vertically downward fall pipe 15; one end of described belt conveyor obliquely 2 is connected with raw material pulverizing mechanism 1; the biomass material crushing in order to accept raw material pulverizing mechanism 1; the other end is connected with raw material cabin entrance; described one end that falls pipe 15 is vertically downward arranged on the centre of belt conveyor 2 obliquely, and the biomass material entrance I at the other end and small combustion chamber 4 tops joins;
Described carbide furnace 5, its structural representation as shown in Figure 2, comprise high-temperature flue gas entry 20, auger bearing I16, feeding auger 6, orifice plate 10, skewed slot 21, bypass duct 11, collect pipeline 12, the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, auger bearing II17, driving motor 18, biomass material entrance II19, its A-A to sectional view structural representation as shown in Figure 3.Be that carbide furnace 5 bosoms are provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger 6, one end of feeding auger 6 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry 20 of carbide furnace by auger bearing I16, the other end of feeding auger 6 is connected with the driving motor 18 of the feeding auger 6 that is positioned at carbide furnace 5 outsides after being fixed on the auger bearing II17 on carbide furnace 5, under feeding auger 6, being provided with horizontally disposed perforate aperture is 3mm, percentage of open area is 60% orifice plate 10, carbide furnace 5 is provided with carbide furnace outlet in the position of the orifice plate 10 of the end of corresponding feeding auger 6, carbide furnace outlet is that the burnt outlet of solid is directly connected with solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, under corresponding orifice plate 10, be provided with the skewed slot 21 of downward-sloping 15 ° of level, on the skewed slot that approaches burnt pipeline 22, be provided with the product liquid of a funnelform collection pipeline 12 in order to produce in biomass collection raw material carbonization process, on collection pipeline 12, be also provided with a bypass duct 11 air line 14 blower fan 7 that together enters in parallel with blower fan 7 ingress simultaneously, biomass material after this bypass duct 11 passes into carbide furnace 5 in order to the low heat value pyrolysis gas that reclaims biomass material carbonization process and discharge and the high-temperature flue gas that produces of small combustion chamber 4 and in carbide furnace 5 carries out the low-temperature flue gas becoming after heat exchange, the low heat value pyrolysis gas recycling of burning reclaiming, the air that the air that the low-temperature flue gas reclaiming is introduced with blower fan 7 directly mixes and heating blower 7 is introduced is to utilize all the other heat,
The biomass material entrance II19 of above-mentioned carbide furnace be positioned at raw material cabin 3 under, be directly connected with raw material cabin outlet;
Above-mentioned feeding auger 6 is carried the biomass material that falls into carbide furnace 5 from raw material cabin 3 through biomass material entrance II19 on one side, and solid Jiao who produces after carbonization in carbide furnace 5 being delivered to carbide furnace outlet is on one side to collect solid Jiao to solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls after the burnt outlet of solid;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber 4 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry 20 of carbide furnace 5 through flue gas fairlead, is provided with flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper 9 on flue gas fairlead, for the flue gas after the small portion biomass combustion of small combustion chamber 4 is carried out to dedusting.
The dry carbonization system of above-mentioned a kind of biomass is produced the application in solid Jiao in biomass material carbonization, and step is as follows:
Wherein raw material pulverizing mechanism 1 cuts into length by biomass material and approximately after the segment of 25 ~ 50mm, falls into ingredient conveyor structure 2, ingredient conveyor structure 2 is sent into small combustion chamber 4 by 18 ~ 25% of the biomass material total amount of gained by falling pipe 15, and 75 ~ 82% of total amount is sent into raw material cabin 3;
Small combustion chamber 4 is sent into air by blower fan 7 and is struck sparks the biomass material perfect combustion of sending in small combustion chamber 4 by ignition device, and the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C of left and right of generation is sent into carbide furnace 5 after 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper;
The biomass material entrance II19 blanking of the biomass material of sending into raw material cabin 3 by carbide furnace 5 is to carbide furnace 5, carbide furnace 5 is accepted, from the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C of left and right of small combustion chamber 4, the biomass material being fallen by raw material cabin 3 is carried out to carbonization by the high-temperature flue gas entry 20 on it, and it is that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls that solid Jiao who produces in carbonization process delivers to carbide furnace outlet through feeding auger 6; The product liquid producing in carbonization process falls into skewed slot 21 by orifice plate 10, is then pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 and collects; The low heat value pyrolysis gas producing in carbonization process is sent small combustion chamber 4 recycling of burning back to through blower fan 7 after via the pipeline bypass 11 on funnelform collection pipeline 12; The high-temperature flue gas that small combustion chamber 4 is passed into 400 ~ 600 DEG C of left and right in carbide furnace 5 with after the biomass material heat exchange of carbonization, become low-temperature flue gas, via sending small combustion chamber 4 back to and utilize the air of its waste-heat by blast main 14 through blower fan 7 after the pipeline bypass 11 on funnelform collection pipeline 12;
The residue outlet 8 that lime-ash after small combustion chamber 4 endogenous substance raw material perfect combustions is provided with through small combustion chamber 4 bottoms is discharged.
application Example 1
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass described in embodiment 1 carries out carbonization at biomass material cotton stem and produces the application in solid Jiao, and concrete steps are as follows:
Taking the cotton stem of natural air drying as raw material, in stalk after natural air drying, moisture content is only 2.0%, be that electric hay cutter cuts into the segment that length is 25mm left and right through raw material chopper 1, after cutting off, the cotton stem of total amount 18% is sent in small combustion chamber 4, the cotton stem of total amount 82% is sent into carbide furnace 5, in small combustion chamber 4, send into air by blower fan 7 and strike sparks and make to send into the cotton stem burning in small combustion chamber 4 by ignition device, the temperature producing is about the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C and after 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper, all sends into the cotton stem that carbide furnace 5 heats the total amount 82% being fallen by raw material cabin 3 and carry out carbonization, approximately 200 ~ 300 DEG C of actual carbonization temperatures, time is 15 ~ 30min.Cotton stem carbonization process obtains three kinds of products, is respectively gaseous product (low heat value pyrolysis gas), product liquid (moisture and liquid tar), solid product (solid Jiao).All gaseous product send through bypass ducts 11 heat release of again burning in small combustion chamber 4 back to, product liquid falls into skewed slot 21 after leaking down via orifice plate 10 and is pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 and collects, and solid product to deliver to carbide furnace outlet by feeding auger 6 be that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C that small combustion chamber 4 passes into carbide furnace 5 in and the low-temperature flue gas becoming after the biomass material cotton stem heat exchange of carbonization recycle via the bypass duct 11 on funnelform collection pipeline 12.The low-temperature flue gas reclaiming directly mixes and adds warm air in order to using its waste heat with the air of being sent here by blast main 14.
The cotton stem of 1kg after super-dry, wherein 0.18kg cotton stem is sent into small combustion chamber 4; 0.82kg cotton stem is sent into carbide furnace 5 and is carried out carbonization, finally obtains the burnt 0.52kg of solid, product liquid 0.04kg, gaseous product 0.26kg.Wherein in product liquid, moisture proportion exceedes 75%, and gaseous product is mainly CO
2with a small amount of CO, CO
2proportion exceedes 80%.Do not consider institute's heat content in product liquid, whole process energy productive rate approximately 60%.
application Example 2
The dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass described in embodiment 1 carries out carbonization biomass material wheat straw and produces the application in solid Jiao, and concrete steps are as follows:
Taking the wheat straw of gathering in rear natural air drying as biomass material, stalk moisture content after natural air drying is only 3.5%, be that electric hay cutter cuts into the segment that length is 25mm left and right through raw material pulverizing device 1, after cutting off, the wheat straw of total amount 25% is sent in small combustion chamber 4, the wheat straw of total amount 75% is sent into carbide furnace 5, in small combustion chamber 4, send into air by blower fan 7 and strike sparks and make to send into the wheat straw burning in small combustion chamber 4 by ignition device, producing temperature is about the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C and after 9 dedustings of dedusting ash dropping hopper, all sends into the wheat straw that carbide furnace 5 heats the total amount 75% being fallen by raw material cabin 3 and carry out carbonization, approximately 200 ~ 300 DEG C of actual carbonization temperatures, time is 15 ~ 30min.Wheat straw carbonization process obtains three kinds of products, is respectively gaseous product (low heat value pyrolysis gas), product liquid (moisture and liquid tar), solid product (solid Jiao).To be solid Jiao deliver to carbide furnace outlet by feeding auger 6 to solid product is that the burnt outlet of solid directly falls into solid coke bin 13 by the burnt pipeline 22 that falls, after the whole product liquids that produce leak down via the aperture of orifice plate 10, fall into skewed slot 21 and be pooled to funnelform collection pipeline 12 and collect, gaseous product is sent into small combustion chamber 4 recycling of burning through bypass duct 11, the high-temperature flue gas that small combustion chamber 4 passes into carries out heat recovery sending into small combustion chamber 4 with the low-temperature flue gas that becomes via the bypass duct 11 on funnelform collection pipeline 12 in carbide furnace 5 after the biomass material wheat straw heat exchange of carbonization.The air that the low-temperature flue gas reclaiming is sent here with blast main 14 directly mixes and adds warm air in order to using its waste heat.
After super-dry, the wheat straw of 1kg wherein has 0.25kg to burn at small combustion chamber 4, and 0.75kg sends into carbide furnace 5 and carries out carbonization, finally obtains solid burnt 0.36kg, product liquid 0.06kg, gas 0.33kg.Wherein in product liquid, moisture proportion exceedes 75%, and gaseous product is mainly CO
2with a small amount of CO, CO
2proportion exceedes 80%.Do not consider institute's heat content in product liquid, whole process energy productive rate approximately 52%.
In sum, the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass of the present invention carries out carbonization to biomass material and first biomass material is divided into two portions, the wherein small part generation high-temperature flue gas that is used for burning, the high-temperature flue gas producing by the burning of small portion biomass material is sent into the most of biomass material of direct heating in carbide furnace and is carried out carbonization, the primary product that most of biomass material carbonization in carbide furnace produces has gaseous product, burnt three kinds of liquid product and solid, wherein the burnt proportion of solid reaches 48 ~ 63%, gaseous product introducing small combustion chamber is burnt to be recycled again, the energy productive rate of whole carbonization process exceedes 50%.
Foregoing is only the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the dry carbonization system of biomass, is characterized in that the dry carbonization system of described biomass comprises raw material pulverizing mechanism, ingredient conveyor structure, raw material cabin, blower fan, small combustion chamber, carbide furnace, flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper and solid coke bin;
Described raw material pulverizing mechanism is electric hay cutter;
Described small combustion chamber is provided with slag notch and the exhanst gas outlet of gas inlet, biomass material entrance I, bottom, is provided with portfire at the gas inlet place of small combustion chamber;
The outlet of described blower fan is connected with the gas inlet of small combustion chamber, and the slag notch of small combustion chamber bottom is connected with residue outlet;
The top of described raw material cabin is provided with raw material cabin entrance, and bottom is provided with raw material cabin outlet;
Described ingredient conveyor structure comprise belt conveyor obliquely and vertically downward fall pipe; one end of described belt conveyor obliquely is connected with raw material pulverizing mechanism; the other end is connected with raw material cabin entrance; described one end that falls pipe is vertically downward arranged on the centre of belt conveyor obliquely, and the biomass material entrance I at the other end and small combustion chamber top joins;
Described carbide furnace is provided with biomass material entrance II, high-temperature flue gas entry, bosom is provided with horizontally disposed feeding auger, one end of feeding auger is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace by auger bearing I, the other end of feeding auger is connected with the driving motor of the feeding auger that is positioned at carbide furnace outside after being fixed on the auger bearing II on carbide furnace, under feeding auger, be provided with horizontally disposed orifice plate, the orifice plate position of the end of corresponding feeding auger is provided with carbide furnace outlet, and carbide furnace outlet is directly connected with solid coke bin by the burnt pipeline that falls;
The perforate aperture of described orifice plate is that 3mm, percentage of open area are 60%;
In carbide furnace corresponding orifice plate under be provided with the skewed slot of downward-sloping 15 ° of level, on the skewed slot that approaches burnt pipeline, be provided with a funnelform collection pipeline, on funnelform collection pipeline, be provided with an other bypass duct in parallel with the air line at fans entrance place;
The biomass material entrance II of carbide furnace be positioned at raw material cabin under, be directly connected with the outlet of raw material cabin;
The exhanst gas outlet of described small combustion chamber is connected with the high-temperature flue gas entry of carbide furnace through flue gas fairlead, is provided with flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper on flue gas fairlead.
2. the dry carbonization system of a kind of biomass as claimed in claim 1 is produced the application in solid Jiao in biomass material carbonization, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
Raw material pulverizing mechanism is by biomass material cutting and grinding and export belt conveyor obliquely to, and belt conveyor is sent 75 ~ 82% of the biomass material total amount after cutting and grinding into raw material cabin, and 18 ~ 25% of total amount falls into small combustion chamber by falling pipe;
Small combustion chamber is sent into air by blower fan and is struck sparks the biomass material perfect combustion of sending in small combustion chamber by ignition device, after producing temperature and be the flue gas ash removal ash dropping hopper dedusting that the high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C is provided with through flue gas fairlead, send into carbide furnace, carbide furnace heats carbonization by means of this high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C to the most of biomass material being fallen by raw material cabin;
Described heating carbonization is at feeding auger, the biomass material being fallen by raw material cabin to be delivered in the process of carbide furnace outlet to complete, and the time is 15 ~ 30min;
Solid Jiao who produces after carbonization falls into solid coke bin through the burnt pipeline that falls;
Bypass duct and blower fan that the low heat value pyrolysis gas producing after carbonization is provided with through funnelform collection pipeline are successively sent small combustion chamber back to;
The product liquid producing in carbonization process flows in skewed slot by orifice plate, is collected to funnelform collection pipeline and collects;
The high-temperature flue gas of 400 ~ 600 DEG C of sending into carbide furnace completes and becomes bypass duct and the blower fan that low-temperature flue gas is provided with successively on funnelform collection pipeline after heat exchange and send small combustion chamber back to biomass material in carbide furnace;
Described product liquid comprises water and liquid tar;
The slag dropping tube that lime-ash after the perfect combustion of small combustion chamber endogenous substance raw material is provided with through small combustion chamber bottom is discharged.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104456597B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-03-15 | 李建尧 | A kind of drying and crushing machine |
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