Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost low, can really realize business-like tower type solar energy thermal power generation factory heliostat station control system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
Tower type solar energy thermal power generation factory heliostat station control system comprises some host computers, some heliostat line control units, some heliostat group controllers, some heliostat controllers and some heliostats; Some heliostats are multirow arranges, and every row is divided into some groups of groups, and every group comprises some heliostats; Every capable heliostat correspondence is provided with a heliostat line control unit, and every group of heliostat correspondence is provided with a heliostat group controller, the corresponding heliostat controller of each heliostat; Host computer connects all heliostat line control units, and the heliostat line control unit connects a plurality of heliostat group controllers in the corresponding row, and the heliostat group controller connects a plurality of heliostat controllers in the corresponding group, and each heliostat controller connects a corresponding heliostat; Altitude axis stepper motor and azimuth axis stepper motor are installed on the heliostat, and described heliostat controller connects the altitude axis stepper motor and the azimuth axis stepper motor of corresponding heliostat.
The present invention further improves and is: on the altitude axis of heliostat and the azimuth axis honeywell switch sensor is installed.
The present invention further improves and is: described heliostat controller is a single-chip microcomputer.
The present invention further improves and is: described heliostat group controller adopts the DCS controller or the middle-size and small-size PLC of nonredundancy configuration.
The present invention further improves and is: the heliostat line control unit adopts the DCS controller or the Large PLC of redundant configuration.
The present invention further improves and is: described host computer connects heliostat calculation server, solar azimuth calculation server, storage server, monitoring collecting device, GPS and meteorological parameter measurement equipment.
The present invention further improves and is: the heliostat calculation server is used for calculating every the heliostat in appearance field each control heliostat optically focused data constantly in the same day, and with this heliostat optically focused data storage in storage server; Host computer obtains heliostat optically focused data and issues the heliostat steering order to the heliostat line control unit from storage server.
The present invention further improves and is: before altitude axis stepper motor and the installation of azimuth axis stepper motor, adopt photoelectric encoder that altitude axis stepper motor under the heliostat loading condition and azimuth axis stepper motor are detected in advance, just install when only reaching the accuracy requirement of design.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention proposes and be applicable to that quantity size reaches several ten thousand heliostat mirror station control system, can optimize the The whole control network structure, reduce the network data load, significantly reduce control system construction cost, be well positioned to meet the High Accuracy Control of extensive heliostat, farthest embody the principle that control disperses, management is concentrated, have high reliability and availability, can be used for building the above commercialization tower type solar energy thermal power generation unit of 50MW.With a large amount of heliostats of whole Jing Chang from integral body to the local implementation hierarchical control, but large tracts of land reduces amount controller; Use low-cost monolithic machine control single face heliostat, can effectively reduce and control cost; Control strategy is placed in the host computer of mirror field, reduce the controller computational load, reduce the network communication data volume; The heliostat stepper motor is detected in advance, scrambler is installed, reduce cost to be substituted in every heliostat; In the heliostat rotating shaft, honeywell switch sensor is installed, is can be used for detecting heliostat and whether be adjusted at the fixed position.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In the commercialization tower type solar energy thermal power generation unit, the heliostat quantity of heliostat field can reach several ten thousand more than, and in order to realize the optically focused process, every heliostat all will be controlled its independently tracing positional and optically focused angle constantly in difference.If every independent control of heliostat needs to use several ten thousand operational performances controller preferably, whole mirror station control system construction cost is sharply risen.Simultaneously, a large amount of steering orders can surpass the network communication and transmission ability to bear if directly issue the heliostat controller by the control host computer, serious consequence such as cause data congestion, lose.Therefore, the present invention is according to the principle that control disperses, management is concentrated, and the cluster control mode that proposes distributed driving scheduling is controlled heliostat Jing Chang.
See also shown in Figure 1ly, tower type solar energy thermal power generation of the present invention factory heliostat station control system comprises a plurality of host computers 1, a plurality of heliostat line control unit 2, a plurality of heliostat group controller 3, a plurality of heliostat controller 4 and a plurality of heliostat 5.During a plurality of host computer 1 operate as normal, have only a job, other is a redundant configuration.A plurality of heliostats 5 are divided into multirow, and every row is divided into many groups, and every group comprises a plurality of; Every capable heliostat correspondence is provided with a heliostat line control unit 2, and every group of heliostat correspondence is provided with a heliostat group controller 3, each heliostat 5 corresponding heliostat controller 4.Host computer 1 connects all heliostat line control units 2, a plurality of heliostat group controllers 3 that heliostat line control unit 2 connects in the corresponding row, heliostat group controller 3 connects a plurality of heliostat controllers 4 in the corresponding group, and each heliostat controller 4 connects a corresponding heliostat 5.
Before heliostat 5 work beginnings, the heliostat calculation server that connects mirror field host computer 1 calculates the optically focused angle in every heliostat each control moment in 5 same day in the appearance field respectively, and the accurate Calculation of heliostat model and track is unified finishing in the heliostat calculation server; Host computer 1 is issued to corresponding heliostat line control unit 2 with the steering order of every capable heliostat then, finish control by heliostat line control unit 1 to heliostat group controller 3, heliostat controller 4, when arriving this adjustment during the moment, heliostat line control unit 2 issues steering order to corresponding heliostat group controller 3, heliostat group controller 3 issues steering order again to corresponding heliostat controller 4, and heliostat controller 4 drives heliostat 5 and rotates.
The present invention proposes to adopt the cluster controlling schemes of heliostat line control unit 2, heliostat group controller 3 that Jing Chang control is disperseed to implement, heliostat control for extensive quantity, complicated model algorithm calculating process is transferred to the heliostat calculation server to carry out, avoid the high heliostat controller of extensive use operational performance, saved cost greatly.Simultaneously, use computing power advanced person's server, can guarantee that the self-movement track of each face heliostat all obtains accurate Calculation.Simultaneously, this scenario-frame is clear, has high reliability and availability.Though mirror field heliostat 5 enormous amount, each face heliostat 5 all in the real-time control and intelligent management scope of control system, have improved the reliability and stability of whole mirror station control system.In addition, heliostat 5 is capable according to mirror, the mode of mirror group is arranged, for the design and the management of heliostat robotization cleaning process are provided convenience.
The heliostat controller
Heliostat controller 4 adopts single-chip microcomputer as the control core, reception is from the control command of heliostat group controller 3, driving heliostat 5 motors rotates, and monitor electric machine operation state and communication work state in real time, communicating by letter with higher level's heliostat group controller 3, is the minimum control module of mirror station control system.
The heliostat group controller
The mirror group is made up of the multiaspect heliostat, the control command that heliostat group controller 3 receives from heliostat line control unit 2, resolve, transmit the heliostat controller 4 of this order to this mirror group, realization is to the control of this group heliostat 5, and real-time monitoring communications duty, DCS controller or the middle-size and small-size PLC(Siemens S7-200 series or the same class that can adopt nonredundancy to dispose) realize.
The heliostat line control unit
Mirror is capable to be the maximum unit of heliostat marshalling, a plurality of heliostat groups of following extension.Heliostat line control unit 2 is accepted the monitoring of mirror field system control host computer 1, reception is from the heliostat operational data of host computer 1, be connected with heliostat group controller 3, issue the control command of the capable heliostat of this mirror, and real-time monitoring communications duty, can adopt the DCS controller of redundant configuration or Large PLC (Siemens S7-400 series or same class) to realize.The performance design of heliostat line control unit 2 is: 1. set heliostat and adjusted an optically focused attitude in per 3 minutes, every day, heliostat work was 8 hours.Capable 5 mirror groups, 10 heliostats of each mirror group hung down of each mirror.Then heliostat line control unit 2 reaches from the data volumes on the same day that host computer receives storage at every turn: 5 * 10 * 20 * 8 * 2=16000 byte, then the heliostat line control unit must support Flash at least 64K extend out.2. the heliostat line control unit should have real-time gps clock system, thereby realizes heliostat accurate optically focused in real time.
Jing Chang controls host computer
Host computer 1 is the control core of mirror station control system, communicates with equipment such as heliostat calculation server, solar azimuth calculation server, storage server, monitoring collecting device, GPS, meteorologic parameter measuring equipment, heliostat line control units 2.
The present invention has designed following several mirrors field PC control mode:
1, scheduling controlling: by control system, default multiple scheduling mode, reasonable implementation heliostat optically focused scheduling operation.
2, optically focused control: in the heliostat calculation server, realize the modeling computing by control system, obtain solar azimuth data and heliostat optically focused data, storage and uniform and is obtained heliostat optically focused data according to scheduling mode and is issued the heliostat steering order to mirror line control unit 2 in storage server from storage server.
3, local parameter collection: by control system operation supervise and control collecting device, effective monitoring mirror field state; Use GPS, meteorologic parameter measuring equipment to unify full time and gather real-time meteorologic parameter by control system, for switching mirror field mode of operation and arranging the heliostat scheduling that reference is provided.
4, administer and maintain: by control system, obtain full electric power station system work state information in real time, receive control command, carry out full mirror field device simultaneously and administer and maintain from power station control system.
5, communication scheduling: adopt tdm communication scheduling mode, realize PC control instruction transmission based on exact time synchronization.Jing Chang control host computer is also monitored full mirror field communications status and Jing Chang and power station control system communications status in real time by the monitoring collecting device, guarantees that communication work is normal.
Because heliostat One's name is legion in the mirror field, and require height and rate request not high (100~200r/min can satisfy) for the heliostat rotation precision, cost is lower, the simple step motor drive heliostat twin shaft of control so adopt, be every heliostat 5 setting height(from bottom) axles, two stepper motors of azimuth axis, realize heliostat elevation angle, azimuthal adjustment.Because heliostat contains load-carrying members such as minute surface, mirror holder, rotating shaft, for avoiding motor desynchronizing, change in torque, the present invention's design is before motor is installed, adopt photoelectric encoder that the stepper motor under the heliostat loading condition is detected in advance, only reach the accuracy requirement of design, just be allowed to install.Adopt the method that under loading condition, detects the stepper motor transmission accuracy before installing, can avoid on every heliostat, scrambler being installed, save great amount of cost, be fit to large-scale application.
In addition, be in unknown attitude for fear of heliostat long-time (night or off working state), physical construction and Motor torque change, and influence tracking accuracy, and the design heliostat is adjusted heliostat in every day behind the end-of-job and is in fixing initial attitude (as zero-bit).Simultaneously, the installation honeywell switch sensor is used for detecting heliostat and whether is adjusted at the fixed position in the heliostat rotating shaft.Honeywell switch sensor is not subjected to interference such as extraneous natural light, dust, and cost is lower, is fit to open-air extensive heliostat and uses.The present invention to driving the method that stepper motor that heliostat rotates detected and installed additional Hall element in advance, saves cost in single heliostat, reduce cost.