Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost low, really can realize business-like tower type solar energy thermal power generation factory heliostat field control system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
Tower type solar energy thermal power generation factory heliostat field control system, comprises some host computers, some heliostat line control units, some heliostat group controllers, some heliostat controllers and some heliostats; Some heliostats are multirow arrangement, and often row is divided into some groups of groups, and often group comprises some heliostats; Often row heliostat correspondence arranges a heliostat line control unit, often organizes heliostat correspondence and arranges a heliostat group controller, the corresponding heliostat controller of each heliostat; Host computer connects all heliostat line control units, and heliostat line control unit connects the multiple heliostat group controllers in corresponding row, and heliostat group controller connects the multiple heliostat controllers in corresponding group, and each heliostat controller connects a corresponding heliostat; Heliostat is provided with altitude axis stepper motor and azimuth axis stepper motor, described heliostat controller connects altitude axis stepper motor and the azimuth axis stepper motor of corresponding heliostat.
The present invention further improves and is: the altitude axis of heliostat and azimuth axis are provided with honeywell switch sensor.
The present invention further improves and is: described heliostat controller is single-chip microcomputer.
The present invention further improves and is: described heliostat group controller adopts the DCS controller of nonredundancy configuration or middle-size and small-size PLC.
The present invention further improves and is: heliostat line control unit adopts DCS controller or the Large PLC of redundant configuration.
The present invention further improves and is: described host computer connects heliostat calculation server, solar azimuth calculation server, storage server, monitoring collecting device, GPS and meteorological parameter measurement equipment.
The present invention further improves and is: these heliostat optically focused data for calculating the heliostat optically focused data in each control moment in every face heliostat in appearance field same day, and are stored in storage server by heliostat calculation server; Host computer obtains heliostat optically focused data and issues heliostat steering order to heliostat line control unit from storage server.
The present invention further improves and is: before altitude axis stepper motor and azimuth axis stepper motor are installed, adopt photoelectric encoder to detect in advance the altitude axis stepper motor under heliostat loading condition and azimuth axis stepper motor, just install when only reaching the accuracy requirement of design.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention proposes and be applicable to the heliostat mirror station control system that quantity size reaches several ten thousand, whole net control structure can be optimized, reduce network data load, significantly reduce control system construction cost, the high precision being well positioned to meet extensive heliostat controls, maximum embodiment controls to disperse, manage the principle concentrated, there is high reliability and availability, can be used for the commercialization tower type solar energy thermal power generation unit building more than 50MW.By a large amount of for whole Jing Chang heliostat from entirety to local implementation hierarchical control, large area amount controller can be reduced; Use low cost monolithic machine to control one side heliostat, can effectively reduce and control cost; Control strategy is placed in the host computer of mirror field, reduces controller computational load, reduce network communication data volume; Heliostat stepper motor is detected in advance, to be substituted in every face heliostat, scrambler is installed, reduces costs; Honeywell switch sensor is installed in heliostat rotating shaft, can be used for detecting heliostat and whether adjust in fixed position.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
In commercialization tower type solar energy thermal power generation unit, the heliostat quantity of heliostat field can reach several ten thousand more than, and in order to realize optically focused process, every face heliostat all will not control its independently tracing positional and optically focused angle in the same time.If every independent control of face heliostat, need to use several ten thousand good controllers of operational performance, make whole mirror station control system construction cost sharply increase.Meanwhile, if a large amount of steering order directly issues heliostat controller by control host computer, network communication and transmission ability to bear can be exceeded, cause the serious consequence such as data congestion, loss.Therefore, the present invention, according to the principle controlling dispersion, management is concentrated, proposes the clustered control mode of distributed driving scheduling to control heliostat mirror field.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, tower type solar energy thermal power generation factory of the present invention heliostat field control system, comprise multiple host computer 1, multiple heliostat line control unit 2, multiple heliostat group controller 3, multiple heliostat controller 4 and multiple heliostat 5.When multiple host computer 1 normally works, only have a job, other is redundant configuration.Multiple heliostat 5 is divided into multirow, and often row is divided into many groups, and often group comprises multiple; Often row heliostat correspondence arranges a heliostat line control unit 2, often organizes heliostat correspondence and arranges a heliostat group controller 3, the corresponding heliostat controller 4 of each heliostat 5.Host computer 1 connects all heliostat line control units 2, heliostat line control unit 2 connects the multiple heliostat group controllers 3 in corresponding row, heliostat group controller 3 connects the multiple heliostat controllers 4 in corresponding group, and each heliostat controller 4 connects a corresponding heliostat 5.
Before heliostat 5 work starts, the heliostat calculation server connecting mirror field host computer 1 to calculate in appearance field each optically focused angle controlling the moment in every face heliostat 5 same day respectively, and the accurate Calculation of heliostat model and track has been unified in heliostat calculation server; Then the steering order of every row heliostat is issued to corresponding heliostat line control unit 2 by host computer 1, the control to heliostat group controller 3, heliostat controller 4 is completed by heliostat line control unit 1, when arriving this time adjustment, heliostat line control unit 2 issues steering order to corresponding heliostat group controller 3, heliostat group controller 3 issues steering order again to corresponding heliostat controller 4, and heliostat controller 4 drives heliostat 5 to rotate.
The present invention proposes to adopt the clustered control scheme of heliostat line control unit 2, heliostat group controller 3 that Jing Chang is controlled dispersion and implements, heliostat for extensive quantity controls, the model algorithm calculating process of complexity is transferred to heliostat calculation server carry out, avoid the heliostat controller that extensive use operational performance is high, greatly save cost.Meanwhile, use the server of computing power advanced person, can ensure that the self-movement track of each heliostat all obtains accurate Calculation.Meanwhile, program clear in structure, has high reliability and availability.Although mirror field heliostat 5 enormous amount, each heliostat 5 all, in the real-time control and intelligent management scope of control system, improves the reliability and stability of whole mirror station control system.In addition, heliostat 5 is capable according to mirror, the mode of mirror group is arranged, for the design of heliostat robotization cleaning process and management are provided convenience.
Heliostat controller
Heliostat controller 4 adopts single-chip microcomputer as control core, receive the control command from heliostat group controller 3, drive heliostat 5 electric machine rotation, and monitoring electric machine operation state and communication work state in real time, communicating with higher level's heliostat group controller 3, is the minimum control module of mirror station control system.
Heliostat group controller
Mirror group is made up of multiaspect heliostat, heliostat group controller 3 receives the control command from heliostat line control unit 2, resolve, forward the heliostat controller 4 of this order to this mirror group, realize the control to this group heliostat 5, and real-time monitoring communications duty, the DCS controller that nonredundancy can be adopted configure or middle-size and small-size PLC(siemens PLC series or same class) realization.
Heliostat line control unit
Mirror is capable is the maximum unit that heliostat is organized into groups, the multiple heliostat group of lower extension.Heliostat line control unit 2 accepts the monitoring that mirror field system controls host computer 1, receive the heliostat operational data from host computer 1, be connected with heliostat group controller 3, issue the control command of the capable heliostat of this mirror, and real-time monitoring communications duty, the DCS controller of redundant configuration or Large PLC (Siemens S7-400 series or same class) can be adopted to realize.The performance design of heliostat line control unit 2 is: 1. set heliostat adjustment in an every 3 minutes optically focused attitude, heliostat work 8 hours every day.5 mirror groups are hung, each mirror group 10 heliostats under each mirror is capable.Then heliostat line control unit 2 at every turn receives from host computer the data volume on the same day stored and reaches: 5 × 10 × 20 × 8 × 2=16000 byte, then heliostat line control unit must support Flash at least 64K extend out.2. heliostat line control unit should have real time GPS clock system, thus realizes heliostat accurate optically focused in real time.
Jing Chang controls host computer
Host computer 1 is the control core of mirror station control system, communicates with equipment such as heliostat calculation server, solar azimuth calculation server, storage server, monitoring collecting device, GPS, meteorologic parameter measuring equipment, heliostat line control units 2.
The present invention devises following several mirror fields PC control mode:
1, scheduling controlling: by control system, presets multiple scheduling mode, reasonable implementation heliostat optically focused scheduling operation.
2, optically focused controls: in heliostat calculation server, realize modeling computing by control system, obtain solar azimuth data and heliostat optically focused data, unified to be stored in storage server, and from storage server, to obtain heliostat optically focused data according to scheduling mode and issue heliostat steering order to mirror line control unit 2.
3, local parameter collection: by control system operation supervise and control collecting device, effective monitoring mirror field state; Use GPS by control system, full time unified by meteorologic parameter measuring equipment and gather real-time weather parameter, provide reference for switching mirror field mode of operation and fixing solar eyepiece scheduling.
4, administer and maintain: by control system, the full electric power station system work state information of Real-time Obtaining, receives the control command from power station control system, carries out full mirror field device simultaneously and administers and maintains.
5, communication scheduling: adopt the tdm communication scheduling mode based on exact time synchronization, realize PC control command.Jing Chang controls host computer and also monitors full mirror field communications status and Jing Chang and power station control system communications status in real time by monitoring collecting device, and guarantee communication work is normal.
Due to heliostat One's name is legion in mirror field, and require high and rate request is not high (100 ~ 200r/min can meet) for heliostat rotation precision, so adopt cost lower, control simple driving stepper motor heliostat twin shaft, namely every face heliostat 5 setting height(from bottom) axle, azimuth axis two stepper motors, realize heliostat elevation angle, azimuthal adjustment.Because heliostat contains the load-carrying members such as minute surface, mirror holder, rotating shaft, for avoiding motor desynchronizing, change in torque, the present invention's design is before motor is installed, photoelectric encoder is adopted to detect in advance the stepper motor under heliostat loading condition, only reach the accuracy requirement of design, be just allowed to install.Adopt the method detecting stepper motor transmission accuracy before installing under that loading condition, can avoid, on the heliostat of every face, scrambler is installed, save great amount of cost, be applicable to large-scale application.
In addition, in order to avoid heliostat long-time (night or off working state) is in unknown attitude, physical construction and Motor torque change, and affect tracking accuracy, and design heliostat adjusts heliostat in every day and is in fixing initial attitude (as zero-bit) after end-of-job.Meanwhile, heliostat rotating shaft is installed honeywell switch sensor be used for detect heliostat whether adjust in fixed position.Honeywell switch sensor is not by interference such as extraneous natural light, dusts, and cost is lower, is applicable to the extensive heliostat in field and uses.The present invention, in single heliostat, detects in advance the stepper motor driving heliostat to rotate and installs the method for Hall element additional, cost-saving, reduces cost.