CN102929298A - Tower-type solar heat collection heliostat field control system based on multi-layer architecture - Google Patents
Tower-type solar heat collection heliostat field control system based on multi-layer architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tower-type solar heat collection heliostat field control system based on a multi-layer architecture. The system is composed of three control levels including a heliostat field scheduling and controlling layer, a heliostat sub-group controlling layer and a sun tracking device layer from top to bottom, wherein the heliostat field scheduling and controlling layer consists of five parts including a heliostat field controlling machine, a weather monitoring device, a field observation device, a communication interface and a light spot checking device; the heliostat sub-group controlling layer is composed of a controller adopting the two-computer backup redundancy technique, and the controller has the function of a bottom-layer heliostat; and the sun tracking device layer consists of the bottom-layer heliostat used for open-loop control and open-loop/closed-loop mixed control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tower type solar collecting system, industrial automatic control field, particularly a kind of tower type solar thermal-arrest heliostat field control system based on multi-layer framework.
Background technology
Along with the demand of market to clean energy resource constantly increases, the solar energy thermal-power-generating field has occurred in a large number to follow the tracks of running track from sun as main solar follow-up device.Wherein, the tower type solar collecting system all is being higher than the other systems such as slot type system and butterfly aspect tracking complexity and the accuracy requirement.And the tower type solar collecting system has demonstrated fully its superior economy and technical development prospect, and is significant for the development that promotes regenerative resource.
Tower type solar collecting system technology and equipment are in the early stage of the marketization, industrialization.Its present stage technology main direction will be the raising system performance, reduce the cost of system, can large batch of production and participate in fierce market competition.
Problems of the prior art:
1, also large and small hot spot combination heliostat field is not implemented the system of regulation and control in the prior art;
2, the heliostat controller usually uses expensive and has bottom control unit and the device of general utility functions present stage, and majority is the unwanted function of heliostat control procedure, has caused the waste of resource, is not suitable for commercial production and market competition;
3, the heliostat subgroup controller performance in the heliostat field is higher, and the space of development and use is still arranged.Only make it as special subgroup controller in the prior art, caused the waste of resource;
4, existing Open-closed-loop based on light sensor mixes the control heliostat device because its light sensor direction pointed can not be regulated in real time, some dot projections of Jing Chang can't be realized scheduling and control to the heat collector surface temperature field to the diverse location of heat collector.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize tower type solar collecting system technology and the requirement that is equipped in low cost/high-performance industrialization and marketability developing stage, solve above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of tower type solar thermal-arrest heliostat field control system based on multi-layer framework.
The present invention realizes according to following proposal:
A kind of tower type solar thermal-arrest heliostat field control system based on multi-layer framework is made of three control levels: the level scheduling of mirror field and key-course, heliostat subgroup key-course and solar follow-up device layer from top to bottom; The level scheduling of mirror field is comprised of mirror field controller, weather monitoring device, field observation device, communication interface, hot spot calibration equipment five parts with key-course; Heliostat subgroup key-course is made of the controller of the redundancy that has adopted dual-host backup, and this controller has bottom heliostat function concurrently; The solar follow-up device layer is comprised of the bottom heliostat that open loop control and Open-closed-loop mix control;
The level scheduling of described mirror field has following related with key-course and other two-layer affiliated control device:
(1) calculating the mirror place locates geographic position, observation running track from sun related data and sends to each heliostat subgroup;
(2) relevant information of sending instruction and receiving its feedback to each heliostat subgroup control device;
(3) receive instruction and the feedback-related information that tower collecting system is controlled platform;
(4) according to demands such as period, photo-thermal converting system change of temperature field, determine the mirror field treatment measures of relevant heliostat subgroup, heliostat and the extreme climate of tasks such as carrying out dot projection, defocus, and relevant heliostat subgroup control device is sent in instruction;
(5) work that calibrates for error of the mechanical damage of finishing one by one heliostat by heliostat subgroup control device;
(6) running status of monitoring Jing Chang and report related data to tower collecting system control platform;
Described heliostat subgroup level key-course comprises at least two and has heliostat bottom group control function concurrently and from the controller of motion tracking sun operation function, one when breaking down, automatically switches to another controller.
The open ring control device of described solar follow-up device layer is to comprise communication interface circuit, the extension storage unit, manually control key circuit, watchdog circuit, power-fail detection circuit, the control chip of real time clock circuit and alerting signal receiving circuit, the built-in calculating of control chip, the program of control heliostat position angle and elevation angle electric machine rotation, the outer monitoring computing machine by communication interface to these control chip sending controling instruction and data, after control chip receives the steering order of supervisory control comuter transmission, carry out analyzing and processing, then control elevation angle and azimuth motor and rotate, and then the control heliostat moves according to the mode of appointment; The angle value that elevation angle motor and the azimuth motor scrambler by separately turns over self feeds back to control chip, the angle value of control chip storage motor feedback also calculates the current angle value of heliostat accordingly, and then the current angle value with heliostat feeds back to supervisory control comuter;
The Open-closed-loop heliostat of described solar follow-up device layer comprises reflective mirror (7), column (1), reflective mirror position angle and elevation angle driving mechanism (3), (4), heliostat controller (2), light sensor and pole thereof (8), light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism (5), little reflective mirror (6), heliostat pillar (1) is established in ground, heliostat position angle angle adjusting mechanism (3) and elevation angle adjusting mechanism (4) are installed in heliostat pillar (1) top, aperture is left at reflective mirror (7) center, little reflective mirror (6) minute surface is towards light sensor (10), pass the aperture at reflective mirror (7) center with the light sensor pole (8) of arc, be connected with light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism (5), heliostat controller (2) is fixed on heliostat pillar (1) side, built-in control program.
Compared with prior art, heliostat field dispatching method of the present invention and device are more reasonable, and well balance the production efficiency of heliostat field and the relation between the production cost.
The present invention can reduce production costs, and prevents the communication obstructing problem in the communication process, realizes High Precision Automatic tracking running track from sun, improves mirror field work efficiency.
Less and can not all cover the All Ranges of heat collector the time when the projected spot of heliostat, the present invention can regulate light sensor transfer heliostat and flare be beaten the assigned address that need to heat at receiver, flexible dispatching and control heat collector surface temperature field, thus make heliostat device more flexible.
Control accuracy of the present invention is high, and controller response speed is fast; Cost of the present invention is low, adapts to the demand of the high-power collecting system marketization of sun power, industrialization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scheduling of heliostat field level and key-course installation drawing; Among the figure: 8-heliostat field top layer Control and Schedule device; The 1-main frame; 2-weather monitoring device; The 3-host communication interface; 4-thermal camera, 5-high precision video camera; The receiving target of 6-flare; 7-flare target; Message exchange between 9-heliostat field top layer Control and Schedule device and the tower collecting system control platform; Message exchange between 10-heliostat field top layer (totally) Control and Schedule device and the heliostat subgroup.
Fig. 2 is the redundancy-type heliostat subgroup control device work synoptic diagram that has heliostat control function concurrently; Among the figure: 2-1. list and steering order; 2-2. have the subgroup control device of heliostat control function concurrently; 2-3. incident sunshine; 2-4. the subgroup control device that has heliostat control function concurrently for subsequent use; 2-5. heliostat subgroup; 2-6. heat collector; 2-7. reflected sunlight.
Fig. 3 is that Open-closed-loop of the present invention mixes control heliostat structure and work synoptic diagram; Among the figure: the 3-1. heliostat pillar; 3-2. heliostat controller; 3-3. heliostat position angle adjusting mechanism; 3-4. heliostat elevation angle adjusting mechanism; 3-5. light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism; 3-6. little reflective mirror; 3-7. heliostat reflective mirror; 3-8. light sensor pole; 3-9. heliostat incident ray; 3-10. light sensor; 3-11. heliostat reflection ray; 3-12. heliostat reflection ray receiving target (target surface of present embodiment is divided into A B C D E F G H I nine parts, can as required target surface be divided arbitrarily in the practical application); 3-13. tower type solar collecting system monitoring equipment;
Fig. 4 is that described Open-closed-loop mixes control heliostat workflow synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation block diagram of open loop heliostat controller of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is open loop heliostat controller control principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is invention open loop heliostat controller monolithic processor resetting and clock circuit module circuit theory
Fig. 8 is invention open loop heliostat controller microcontroller power supply modular circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is invention open loop heliostat controller serial communication module circuit theory diagrams;
Figure 10 invention open loop heliostat controller is power down protection modular circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 11 invention open loop heliostat controller is limit switch modular circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 12 invention open loop heliostat controller is the real-time clock module circuit theory diagrams;
Figure 13 invention open loop heliostat controller is servocontrol output module circuit theory diagrams;
Figure 14 invention open loop heliostat controller is the manual control module circuit theory diagrams.
Embodiment
Level scheduling and control device as shown in Figure 1, heliostat field Control and Schedule device (8) comprises main frame (1), weather monitoring device (2), host communication interface (3), thermal camera (4), high precision video camera (5).
Main frame (1) function is: the instruction and the feedback-related information that receive tower collecting system control platform; The relevant information of sending instruction and receiving its feedback to each heliostat subgroup control device; Calculate place, mirror place geographic position observation running track from sun related data and send to each heliostat subgroup; According to demands such as period, photo-thermal converting system change of temperature field, determine the relevant heliostat subgroup of tasks such as carrying out dot projection, defocus and the mirror field treatment measures of heliostat and extreme climate, and relevant heliostat subgroup control device is sent in instruction; The work that calibrates for error of the mechanical damage of finishing one by one heliostat by heliostat subgroup control device; Monitor the running status of Jing Chang and report related data to tower collecting system control platform.
The weather information in zone, place, weather monitoring device (2) Real-Time Monitoring mirror place comprises the weather conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, weather and sunshine, and collected weather information is uploaded to main frame (1) in real time by communication interface (3).
The temperature field on thermal camera (4) Real-Time Monitoring receiving target (6) surface, and the temperature conditions that monitors is uploaded to main frame (1) in real time by communication interface (3).
High precision video camera (5) target (7) that aims at the mark, open loop control heliostat carries out mechanical damage when calibrating for error, use this high precision video camera (5) to obtain the image information of heliostat flare, and by communication interface (3) image information is uploaded to main frame (1).
Main frame (1) carries out exchanges data by communication interface (3) and tower collecting system control platform and heliostat subgroup controller.Heliostat subgroup level key-course uses a kind of redundancy-type heliostat subgroup control device that has heliostat bottom control function concurrently, and this device is worked by mode shown in Figure 2:
Under the condition of abundance at sunshine, the descending position of sun data of industrial computer (2-1), weather data, heat collector temperature data are to the heliostat group control device (2-2) that has heliostat bottom control function concurrently, and resolve the list receive, at first, the heliostat group control device (2-2) that has heliostat bottom control function concurrently carries out polling communication to every heliostat device of heliostat group (5), judges heliostat running status among the heliostat group (2-5) according to feedback signal.Secondly, the list after resolving is come downwards to every table apparatus of heliostat group (2-5).When incident sunshine (2-3) is radiated among the heliostat group (2-5), can reflected sunlight (2-7) to heat collector (2-6), finish reception and the storage of sun power.
(2-2) breaks down when the device that has subgroup control function concurrently, subgroup level scheduling can in time detect its fault-signal with the industrial computer (2-1) of key-course, and enable the device that has subgroup control function concurrently (2-4) replacement for subsequent use, continue heliostat group (2-5) scheduling and control task.
It is as follows that the described Open-closed-loop of this patent mixes control heliostat device figure:
1) as shown in Figure 3, a kind of Open-closed-loop control heliostat structure with the real-time adjustable function in flare position: heliostat pillar (3-1) is established in ground, supports heliostat.Heliostat position angle angle adjusting mechanism (3-3) and elevation angle adjusting mechanism (3-4) are installed in heliostat pillar (3-1) top, be used for driving reflective mirror (3-7) and change angle, light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism (3-5) is installed in the heliostat pillar top.Light sensor pole (3-8) shape as shown in the figure.Light sensor pole (3-8) is rigidly connected with light sensor (3-10).Heliostat controller (3-2) is fixed on heliostat pillar (3-1) side.Heliostat incident ray (3-9) is radiated at reflective mirror (3-7) surface, produces reflection ray (3-11).Heliostat controller (3-2) is adjusted light sensor (3-10) indication orientation, make its specific region of pointing to receiving target (3-12) surface (as, point to the a-quadrant).Light sensor (3-10) is towards reflective mirror (3-7), and produces corresponding feedback signal according to the reflection ray that receives (3-11) direction.The feedback signal that light sensor (3-10) produces is passed to heliostat controller (3-2), and the driving mechanism of control reflective mirror (3-7) was adjusted heliostat after heliostat controller (3-2) calculated by analysis elevation angle and position angle make flare project the surperficial appointed area of receiving target (3-12).
Connected mode between light sensor and heliostat pillar and the reflective mirror: aperture is left at reflective mirror (3-7) center.Little reflective mirror (3-6) minute surface is towards light sensor (3-10), and is fixed on the reflective mirror (3-7) by connecting link, and places the aperture center.Light sensor pole (3-8) is passed the aperture at reflective mirror (3-7) center, and (3-5) is connected with the light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism.Light sensor (3-10) is rigidly connected with light sensor pole (3-8).
This installs workflow as shown in Figure 4:
1) temperature on tower type solar collecting system monitoring equipment Real Time Monitoring heliostat flare receiving target surface, and judge whether need to adjust heliostat flare position by this temperature information;
2) if heliostat flare position needs to adjust, then monitoring equipment finally is sent to the heliostat controller with control signal;
3) the heliostat controller is controlled the light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism after receiving upper layer signal, adjusts the light sensor angle, makes it aim at the appointed area on heat collector receiving target surface;
4) light sensor is sent to the heliostat controller with feedback signal;
5) the heliostat controller judges according to the feedback signal of light sensor whether reflection ray angle exists deviation, if bias free is then no longer adjusted the reflective mirror angle, if there is deviation, then sends a control signal to the heliostat angle-adjusting mechanism;
6) after the heliostat angle-adjusting mechanism receives the control signal of heliostat controller transmission, drive reflective mirror and adjust angle.
Open loop heliostat controller is as follows in the solar follow-up device layer:
1) as shown in Figure 5:
In the master control borad single-chip microcomputer master control program is housed.Single-chip microcomputer receives control signal and the data that supervisory control comuter sends with interrupt mode.
Manually the signal of control button generation is processed by single-chip microcomputer as the external interrupt of single-chip microcomputer.The FLASH storage unit is used for the memory headroom of expansion single-chip microcomputer, and the FLASH storage unit of this expansion can carry for single-chip microcomputer, also can expand for the outside.
Azimuth motor control module and elevation angle motor control unit are used for receiving the pulse signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, simultaneously according to received pulse signal control electric machine rotation.
Power-fail detection circuit is used for detecting the magnitude of voltage of power supply that controller accesses, and when voltage was lower than certain value, this circuit thought that single-chip microcomputer sends power-off signal, and this signal is received by single-chip microcomputer with the form of external interrupt.
The effect of real time clock circuit is to follow the tracks of the sun for heliostat to provide the precise time value.Supervisory control comuter is calibrated the current time of real-time clock by single-chip microcomputer regularly to single-chip microcomputer transmitting time calibration command.
Watchdog circuit is used for preventing that the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program race from flying.
2) as shown in Figure 6:
Supervisory control comuter by communication interface to heliostat controller sending controling instruction and data, after the heliostat controller receives the steering order of supervisory control comuter transmission, carry out analyzing and processing, then control elevation angle and azimuth motor and rotate, and then the control heliostat moves according to the mode of appointment.The angle value that elevation angle motor and the azimuth motor scrambler by separately turns over self feeds back to the heliostat controller, the angle value of heliostat controller storage motor feedback also calculates the current angle value of heliostat accordingly, then the current angle value with heliostat feeds back to supervisory control comuter, improves the control accuracy of system.
3) shown in Fig. 7 to 14, provided respectively each control module circuit diagram of open loop heliostat controller circuitry.
Claims (5)
1. the tower type solar thermal-arrest heliostat field control system based on multi-layer framework is made of three control levels: the level scheduling of mirror field and key-course, heliostat subgroup key-course and solar follow-up device layer from top to bottom; The level scheduling of mirror field is comprised of mirror field controller, weather monitoring device, field observation device, communication interface, hot spot calibration equipment five parts with key-course; Heliostat subgroup key-course is made of the controller of the redundancy that has adopted dual-host backup, and this controller has bottom heliostat function concurrently; The solar follow-up device layer is comprised of the bottom heliostat that open loop control and Open-closed-loop mix control.
2. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the level scheduling of mirror field and receiving target (2-6), the flare target (2-7) of key-course by main frame (2-1), weather monitoring device (2-2), host communication interface (2-3), thermal camera (2-4), high precision video camera (2-5), flare form, main frame (2-1) plug-in, mainly finish following task:
(1) calculating the mirror place locates geographic position, observation running track from sun related data and sends to each heliostat subgroup;
(2) relevant information of sending instruction and receiving its feedback to each heliostat subgroup control device;
(3) receive instruction and the feedback-related information that tower collecting system is controlled platform;
(4) according to demands such as period, photo-thermal converting system change of temperature field, determine the relevant heliostat subgroup of tasks such as carrying out dot projection, defocus and the mirror field treatment measures of heliostat and extreme climate, and relevant heliostat subgroup control device is sent in instruction;
(5) work that calibrates for error of the mechanical damage of finishing one by one heliostat by heliostat subgroup control device.
3. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that heliostat subgroup level key-course comprises at least two and has heliostat bottom group control function concurrently and from the controller of motion tracking sun operation function, one when breaking down, automatically switch to another controller.
4. control system as claimed in claim 1, the open ring control device that it is characterized in that the solar follow-up device layer is to comprise communication interface circuit, the extension storage unit, manually control key circuit, watchdog circuit, power-fail detection circuit, the control chip of real time clock circuit and alerting signal receiving circuit, the built-in calculating of control chip, the program of control heliostat position angle and elevation angle electric machine rotation, the outer monitoring computing machine by communication interface to these control chip sending controling instruction and data, after control chip receives the steering order of supervisory control comuter transmission, carry out analyzing and processing, then control elevation angle and azimuth motor and rotate, and then the control heliostat moves according to the mode of appointment; The angle value that elevation angle motor and the azimuth motor scrambler by separately turns over self feeds back to control chip, the angle value of control chip storage motor feedback also calculates the current angle value of heliostat accordingly, and then the current angle value with heliostat feeds back to supervisory control comuter.
5. control system as claimed in claim 1, the Open-closed-loop heliostat that it is characterized in that the solar follow-up device layer comprises reflective mirror (3-7), column (3-1), reflective mirror position angle and elevation angle driving mechanism (3-3), (3-4), heliostat controller (3-2), light sensor and pole thereof (3-8), light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism (3-5), little reflective mirror (3-6), heliostat pillar (3-1) is established in ground, heliostat position angle angle adjusting mechanism (3-3) and elevation angle adjusting mechanism (3-4) are installed in heliostat pillar (3-1) top, aperture is left at reflective mirror (3-7) center, little reflective mirror (3-6) minute surface is towards light sensor (3-10), pass the aperture at reflective mirror (3-7) center with the light sensor pole (3-8) of arc, (3-5) is connected with the light sensor angle-adjusting mechanism, heliostat controller (3-2) is fixed on heliostat pillar (3-1) side, built-in control program.
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| CN105241092A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Concentrator field control system of photothermal power station and implementation method of concentrator field control system |
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