CN103187461A - Positioning device of solar energy receiving system - Google Patents
Positioning device of solar energy receiving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103187461A CN103187461A CN2011104433376A CN201110443337A CN103187461A CN 103187461 A CN103187461 A CN 103187461A CN 2011104433376 A CN2011104433376 A CN 2011104433376A CN 201110443337 A CN201110443337 A CN 201110443337A CN 103187461 A CN103187461 A CN 103187461A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a positioning device of a solar energy receiving system, which comprises a first hydraulic system and a second hydraulic system, wherein the first hydraulic system is arranged between a rotary frame and a bracing frame, is used for driving the bracing frame to rotate relative to the rotary frame by taking a side edge where the bracing frame is rotationally connected with the rotary frame as an axis, and comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder; the rotary frame and the bracing frame are articulated with the end parts of fixed parts and movable parts of the hydraulic cylinders, or a movable part and a fixed part of the first hydraulic system respectively; the second hydraulic system is used for driving the rotary frame to rotate by taking an axis of a rotary piece as an axle, comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, and is provided with fixing seats that correspond to the hydraulic cylinders respectively and are fixedly mounted on the ground or a roof; first ends of the hydraulic cylinders are articulated with the fixing seats respectively; and second ends of the hydraulic cylinders are articulated with the rotary piece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new energy field, in particular, relate to a kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system.
Background technology
In the disc type solar energy system, or carry out in the photovoltaic solar system of bidimensional tracking, positioner is the important factor in order that influences its operating efficiency and utilization results of energy to the tracking accuracy of solar azimuth.For example, compare with common fixed type photovoltaic solar energy system, if the solar energy photovoltaic panel of same area size can be perpendicular with sunray all the time, then its efficiency of energy utilization will increase greatly.For the disc type solar energy system, positioner is to the tracking accuracy of the position of sun basic premise of its work especially.
In at present common solar energy system, the method that drives (dish formula condenser or photovoltaic panel) rotation of the positioner real-time tracing sun has two classes usually:
1) motor that adopts adjustable-speed to save, send signal by logic control system to motor, the control motor speed, and then whole condenser or photovoltaic panel are rotated according to predetermined direction and speed, guarantee at any one time, condenser or photovoltaic panel can both improve the generating efficiency and generating total amount of system in this way perpendicular to sunray;
2) use hydraulic mechanism, the same logic control system that uses gives the hydraulic pressure drive system with the signal of telecommunication, stroke and the action of control hydraulic system, make whole system can both aim at the position at sun place at any one time exactly, the raising system is to the day tracking accuracy, thereby reaches the precision of raising system and the purpose of service efficiency.
Adopt motor-driven solar energy location device, want to realize that the high accuracy to sunlight follows the trail of, the motor transmission need be adopted complicated reducing gear and more powerful motor device, is being interrupted the power consumption that can increase motor under the tracking condition simultaneously.
And the positioner of the solar energy receiving system that existing employing hydraulic system drives, mostly be to adopt 2 or 2 above hydraulic cylinder controls, the wherein standing part of hydraulic cylinder fixed installation, action part and sunlight dash receiver are hinged, and the hydraulic cylinder by different length is also made different actions respectively by the different hydraulic cylinder of logical program control and acted accordingly according to the residing diverse location of the sun to order about the sunlight dash receiver.The defective of this positioner is:
1) rotation amplitude is limited, and when morning or at dusk sunray is near the time of level, the driving arm of force of hydraulic means is limited, makes the sunlight dash receiver be difficult to move to the relevant position, and the sunlight dash receiver is merely able to sun-tracing within limits;
2) namely allow to track sun position, be difficult to also guarantee that the sunlight of accepting incides on the sunlight dash receiver with vertical angle, the utilance of sunlight will be had a greatly reduced quality;
3) the mechanical operation precision of motor-driven positioner is lower, and steadiness is relatively poor;
4) power of motor is limited, for the solar energy system of large-size and weight, uses motor-driven unrealistic.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is: the positioner that a kind of solar energy receiving system is provided for the defective that solves the positioner in the described solar energy system of above-mentioned prior art.
The present invention provides a kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system for solving the defective of above-mentioned prior art, and described solar energy system comprises positioner and the sunlight dash receiver that is fixedly mounted on the described positioner, and described positioner comprises:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates;
Pivoted frame: fixedly connected with described revolving part, rotate with described revolving part, described pivoted frame drives described sunlight dash receiver when rotating and rotates thereupon;
Bracing frame: one side and pivoted frame are rotationally connected, and described sunlight dash receiver is fixedly mounted on the support frame as described above;
First hydraulic system: be arranged between described pivoted frame and the support frame as described above, the side that is rotationally connected with bracing frame and described pivoted frame for the driving support frame as described above is that axis rotates relative to described pivoted frame; Described first hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, and the standing part of described hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part are hinged with described pivoted frame and bracing frame respectively, and perhaps the action part of hydraulic system and standing part are hinged with described pivoted frame and bracing frame respectively;
Second hydraulic system: being used for ordering about pivoted frame serves as that axle rotates with the axis of revolving part; Described second hydraulic system comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, described second hydraulic system also respectively corresponding each hydraulic cylinder be provided with and be fixedly mounted on the ground or the holder on the roof, first end of described each hydraulic cylinder is hinged with each holder respectively, and its second end is connected by hinged mode with described revolving part respectively.
The side that support frame as described above is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame is D in the distance that short transverse and described hydraulic cylinder are hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame, the side that support frame as described above is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame is H with the distance that described hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame in the horizontal direction, the pin joint that described hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pivoted frame is L with the distance that bracing frame is rotatably connected on the side on the pivoted frame in the horizontal direction, then must satisfy following relation: 1≤H/L≤15 between the three; 1≤H/D≤15.
Preferably, described first hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: the 4th hydraulic cylinder and the 5th hydraulic cylinder:, and L:H:D=1:3:1;
Described the 4th hydraulic cylinder respectively on the plane at bracing frame place and the projection on the plane at pivoted frame place and described the 4th hydraulic cylinder form a plane, described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame place and pivoted frame place respectively;
Described the 5th hydraulic cylinder respectively on the plane at bracing frame place and the projection on the plane at pivoted frame place and described the 5th hydraulic cylinder form a plane, described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame place and pivoted frame place respectively.
Preferably, described positioner also comprises fixed installation on the ground or the circular guideway on the roof, and the center of circle of described guide rail and the axis coinciding of described revolving part, described pivoted frame comprise the individual at least guide wheel that is slidingly mounted on the described guide rail;
Described guide rail is circular groove, and described guide wheel is slidingly mounted in the guide rail of described circular groove; Perhaps described guide rail is circular platform, and described guide wheel rolls and is installed in the bottom of described pivoted frame and rolls and drive described pivoted frame on the guide rail of described circular platform again and rotate.
Preferably, positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof, and described pedestal is provided with and rotates the central shaft of installing, and described revolving part is described central shaft;
Perhaps positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof, and described pedestal is provided with hard-wired central shaft, and described revolving part is the axle sleeve that is rotatably installed on the described central shaft.
Preferably, the standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is b, and the holder corresponding with described hydraulic cylinder and the distance between the revolving part are c, and the length of the push rod that is connected with described hydraulic cylinder is a, a≤0.8b, and b≤c≤3b.
Preferably, described second hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: first hydraulic cylinder and second hydraulic cylinder, then satisfy following relation: a≤0.5b, 1.5b≤c≤2.5b between a, b, the c.
Preferably, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, and second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises first push rod and second push rod, and second end of described first hydraulic cylinder and second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with described first push rod and second push rod respectively;
Be installed with two holders on the described ground or on the roof: first holder and second holder, second end of described first hydraulic cylinder and second hydraulic cylinder are hinged with described first holder and second holder respectively.
Preferably, described second hydraulic system comprises three hydraulic cylinders: first hydraulic cylinder, second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, 1.8b≤c≤2.8b.
Preferably, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, and second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises first push rod, second push rod and the 3rd push rod, described three push rods evenly distribute, angle degree of being between any two, first end of described first hydraulic cylinder, second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is hinged with described first push rod, second push rod and the 3rd push rod respectively;
Be installed with three holders on the described ground or on the roof: first holder, second holder and the 3rd holder, second end of described first hydraulic cylinder, second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder are hinged with described first holder, second holder and the 3rd holder respectively.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention, control the running of whole solar energy system by being used the mutual independently hydraulic subsystem of two covers, they control the anglec of rotation of whole positioner on short transverse and horizontal direction respectively, in arbitrary moment of whole day, comprise very little morning of sun altitude and dusk, guarantee that the sunlight dash receiver can be perpendicular with the sunray of incident, make the operation of solar energy receiving plane no longer include the dead angle, can the longer time receive solar energy fully, guarantee to aim at the position at sun place exactly at sunlight dash receiver of arbitrary moment of whole day.
The range of operation of the hydraulic structure design of first hydraulic system of the positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention is wide, the simple putter type supporting construction of employing globe joint different from the past, this kind hydraulic structure can be so that the operating range of whole system surpasses 90 degree easily, and the unlikely anglec of rotation situation that the suffered thrust of push rod sharply increases when big that appears at.And first hydraulic system of the positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention is satisfying under the condition of L:H:D=1:3:1, can guarantee that bracing frame can rotate more than 135 ° relative to pivoted frame, can also drop to specification and the cost of first hydraulic system minimum, to having identical weight or producing the sunlight dash receiver of identical torque, less hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic stem can be used, the requirement that system is rotated in whole short transverse can be finished.
Second hydraulic system of the positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention has two kinds of embodiments in the present invention: comprise second hydraulic system of two hydraulic cylinders and comprise second hydraulic system of three hydraulic cylinders that it serves as that the axle rotation surpasses more than 180 degree with the axis of revolving part that this two kind of second hydraulic system can drive whole positioner.And each hydraulic cylinder can be controlled by different signalling channels.The hydraulic system cost of 2 concrete hydraulic cylinders is lower, controls more convenient.The hydraulic system of 3 hydraulic cylinders has then reduced the stroke range of each hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic system of having avoided hydraulic cylinder better is not that to contradict each other be exactly the situation of disconnection mutually when operation, and the power requirement of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system of relative 2 hydraulic cylinders of single hydraulic cylinder will hang down.
Concrete, satisfying a≤0.5b, during and b≤c≤3b, can realize that second hydraulic system comprises that it serves as that the axle rotation surpasses more than 180 degree with the axis of revolving part that the positioner of the solar energy receiving system of 2 hydraulic cylinders can drive whole positioner.Concrete, at 1.5b≤c≤2.5b, the hydraulic cylinder that the positioner that can also realize solar energy receiving system of the present invention can be avoided second hydraulic system is not that to contradict each other be exactly the situation of disconnection mutually when operation.
Concrete, satisfying a≤0.8b, during and b≤c≤3b, can realize that second hydraulic system comprises that it serves as that the axle rotation surpasses more than 180 degree with the axis of revolving part that the positioner of the solar energy receiving system of 3 hydraulic cylinders can drive whole positioner.Concrete, at 1.8b≤c≤2.8b, the hydraulic cylinder that the positioner that can also realize solar energy receiving system of the present invention can be avoided second hydraulic system is not that to contradict each other be exactly the situation of disconnection mutually when operation.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention by being used two cover hydraulic systems, is avoided the shortcoming of the similar hydraulic mechanism of existing what is called.Existing driving mechanism is when moving to some position, and the arm of force of hydraulic stem is minimum, causes required hydraulic thrust very big, and practical application need be disposed very big hydraulic system.And in this patent, because supporting construction rotation is in the horizontal direction separated with rotation at vertical direction, can design separately, avoided occurring such limitation.No matter be on short transverse or horizontal direction, the anglec of rotation of whole supporting construction and solar energy system can satisfy round-the-clock, even the azimuth changes the actual requirement above 180 °.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention, control the running of whole solar energy system by being used the mutual independently hydraulic subsystem of two covers, two cover hydraulic subsystems use the hydraulic cylinder that cooperatively interacts to drive pivoted frame and bracing frame action respectively respectively, the operating state of the hydraulic cylinder of every cover hydraulic subsystem can occur stretching simultaneously according to actual conditions, shrink simultaneously, or one stretch the operating state of a contracting, and can control the real work of each independent hydraulic cylinder respectively by different signalling channels.All multifactor location dresses of solar energy receiving system of the present invention that makes such as the power of hydraulic cylinder and cost thereof are applicable to the solar energy receiving system that size is big, weight is bigger.
The structure steadiness of the positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention is good, be different from aforementioned similar hydraulic mechanism, the supporting construction of the rotating base that adopts in this patent, strengthened the steadiness of whole solar energy system, particularly be positioned at the circular guideway design of bottom, making whole solar energy system impetus expanded range has on the ground increased the stability under bad weathers such as high wind greatly, and reason high wind etc. is former thereby cause whole system to shake even topple.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention one applied solar energy system;
Figure 2 shows that the specific embodiment of the invention one applied solar energy system has just come out or the sun has just been gone down the hill and the plan structure schematic diagram of one of them hydraulic cylinder when what corresponding push rod is positioned on the straight line at the sun;
Figure 3 shows that the plan structure schematic diagram of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
Figure 4 shows that the plan structure schematic diagram when second hydraulic cylinder of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment two and second push rod are positioned on the straight line;
Figure 5 shows that the plan structure schematic diagram when first hydraulic cylinder of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment two and first push rod are positioned on the straight line;
Figure 6 shows that the plan structure schematic diagram when second hydraulic cylinder of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment three and first push rod are positioned on the straight line;
The sunlight that Figure 7 shows that the sun has just risen or the sun sets when almost being parallel to the degree irradiation ground of horizontal plane, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
When Figure 8 shows that solar noon sun light vertical irradiation ground, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
Figure 9 shows that when sunlight and horizontal plane angulation are acute angle the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
Figure 10 shows that the structural representation of the solar energy location device of the specific embodiment of the invention four;
The specific embodiment four that Figure 11 shows that solar energy of the present invention location device has just come out or the sun when just having gone down the hill at the sun, and the plan structure schematic diagram that is in a straight line of second hydraulic cylinder and second push rod;
The sunlight that Figure 12 shows that the sun has just risen or the sun sets when almost being parallel to the degree irradiation ground of horizontal plane, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment four;
When Figure 13 shows that solar noon sun light vertical irradiation ground, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment four;
Figure 14 shows that thrust hydraulic cylinder and bracing frame and the pivoted frame angle curve relation figure of three kinds of first different hydraulic systems;
Figure 15 shows that hydraulic cylinder length and bracing frame and the pivoted frame angle curve relation figure of first hydraulic system that three kinds shown in Figure 14 are different.
Embodiment
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention can be applicable to the solar energy system of various sizes, realized the high precision tracking of solar energy system to the sun, make the sunlight dash receiver all to keep vertical with sunray at any time, to realize the maximized sunlight of accepting of solar energy system.Use the positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention can significantly improve the track positioning accuracy to the sun of solar energy system in operation process, the reception flat board of guaranteeing solar energy can whole day real-time tracing sun's motion position, to improve the utilance of solar energy system.Introduce the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In this specification:
1) control device does not belong to inventive point of the present invention, does not therefore do detailed explanation in this manual.
2) ground and roof mean the position of fixed installation solar energy system, are not limited thereto, only as teachings.
3) hydraulic cylinder comprises hydraulic cylinder cylinder sleeve and the piston or the guide rod that are slidingly mounted in the cylinder sleeve, and in this manual, cylinder sleeve is defined as standing part, and movable guide rod or piston are defined as action part.
4) horizontal direction: direction parallel to the ground; Short transverse: direction perpendicular to the ground.
5) dead point: the hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system and connected push rod are in a straight line.
In the solar energy system as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, solar system comprises solar energy location device and is fixedly mounted on sunlight dash receiver 2 on the positioner, and sunlight dash receiver 2 is provided with hard-wired solar energy acceptor 1 and sends to control device with signals such as the intensity of induction sunray and angles.Control device according to these feedback signals send again command adapted thereto to positioner with adjust sunlight dash receiver 2 the position.
In actual applications, Fig. 3-embodiment shown in Figure 13 be applied to solar energy system also can according to carry 1 and Fig. 2 shown in structure install and use, other parts of institute's abridged solar energy system and mounting means of the present invention are expected easily for those skilled in the art among Fig. 3-Figure 13, from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, also be easy to find out, in other accompanying drawings of this specification, repeat no more.
The invention provides four kinds of execution modes, the part-structure of four kinds of execution modes is identical, and same section is as follows:
As shown in figure 1 to figure 13, positioner comprises:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates.
Pivoted frame 4: fixedly connected with revolving part, rotate with revolving part, pivoted frame 4 drives sunlight dash receiver 2 when rotating and rotates thereupon.
Positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof 500, and pedestal 500 is provided with and rotates the central shaft of installing 5, and pivoted frame 4 is fixedlyed connected with revolving part, axle 5 centered by the revolving part.
Can also be that positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof 500, pedestal 500 is provided with hard-wired central shaft 5, pivoted frame 4 is fixedlyed connected with the axle sleeve on being rotatably installed in central shaft 5, and revolving part is the axle sleeve that is rotatably installed on the central shaft 5.This programme does not embody in the accompanying drawings, but those skilled in the art should learn the general configuration of this scheme according to above-mentioned character express.
In the present embodiment, central shaft 5 is rotatably installed on the ground or on the roof, as can be seen from the figure, on the ground or roof is provided with hard-wired pedestal 500 in the specific embodiments of the invention, and central shaft 5 is rotatably installed in the pedestal 500.The mounting means of specific embodiments of the invention is only for referencial use, and the concrete mounting means of central shaft 5 is not subjected to the restriction of specific embodiments of the invention.
Except of the present invention be the structure shown in the example, can also be that pivoted frame 4 is fixedlyed connected with the axle sleeve on being rotatably installed in central shaft 5 or pivoted frame 4 is provided with the forms such as axle sleeve of integrative-structure.The shape of pivoted frame 4 is not limit, can be polygonal also can be circular or other is irregularly shaped, can be that the connecting rod rack structure also can be tabular entity structure, it comprises at least three guide wheels.Guide wheel both can be to be slidingly mounted in the guide rail 9 of circular groove, also can be the roller that is rotatably installed in the leg bottom of pivoted frame 4, drove pivoted frame 4 and rotated at the guide rail 9 of circular platform.When guide rail 9 was platform, its shape was not limit, because the scope of activities of pivoted frame 4 is circular, so be called circular platform.When guide rail 9 is platform, suffered rotation friction when not only having reduced solar energy location device and rotating in the horizontal direction, and can be so that foreign matters such as sandstone are difficult for entering on the running orbit of roller, the failure risk when having reduced whole supporting construction operation.
Bracing frame 3: one side and pivoted frame 4 are rotationally connected, and sunlight dash receiver 2 is fixedly mounted on the bracing frame 3.
As shown in the figure, the bracing frame 3 of specific embodiments of the invention is the polygon steelframe, and a side of a side pivoted frame 4 of bracing frame 3 connects by the mode that is rotationally connected, and bracing frame 3 can be that axis rotates with the side that is rotationally connected relative to pivoted frame 3.The structure of the bracing frame 3 of specific embodiments of the invention is only for referencial use, and the concrete structure of bracing frame 3 is not subjected to the restriction of specific embodiments of the invention.
First hydraulic system: be arranged between pivoted frame 4 and the bracing frame 3, the side that is rotationally connected with bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 for driving bracing frame 3 is that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4; First hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, and the standing part of hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively, and perhaps the action part of hydraulic system and standing part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively.
In first hydraulic system, bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 are rotationally connected by side between the two, so that bracing frame 3 can be under the effect of first hydraulic system serve as that axle rotates with the side that is rotationally connected, keep motionless angle with plane, guide rail 9 place according to different solar light irradiation angles thereby drive the sunlight dash receiver, to guarantee the peak use rate of sunlight.
Concrete, first hydraulic system comprises the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 among the present invention.
Concrete, the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 is respectively on the plane at bracing frame 3 places and a plane of projection and 800 formation of the 4th hydraulic cylinder on the plane at pivoted frame 4 places, and described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame 3 places and pivoted frame 4 places respectively.
The 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 respectively on the plane at bracing frame 3 places and the projection on the plane at pivoted frame 4 places and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 form a plane, described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame 3 places and pivoted frame 4 places respectively.
Labour-saving mounting means when the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 are installed in a manner described, both working methods are for pushing away synchronously or drawing synchronously, and both models can be the same or different, and are more suitable for control and maintenance when model is identical.
The standing part of hydraulic system and action part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively in the specific embodiments of the invention, also can be that action part and the standing part of hydraulic system is hinged with described pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively in the practical application.Order about the sunlight dash receiver 2 that is fixedly mounted on the bracing frame 3 and turn on the plane vertical with sunlight according to the sun and ground level angulation by first hydraulic system is set between the bracing frame 3 that is rotationally connected and pivoted frame 4, and rotational angle can reach more than 90 degree, so just can obtain maximized sunlight utilance.
To be rotatably connected on side on the pivoted frame 4 with bracing frame 3 be that axis rotates 90 degree relative to pivoted frame 4 in order to guarantee first hydraulic system can to order about bracing frame 3 at least.As Fig. 8, shown in Figure 13, the side that is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame 4 with bracing frame 3 is D in the distance that short transverse and hydraulic cylinder are hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame, the side that bracing frame 3 is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame 4 is H with the distance that hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame in the horizontal direction, and the pin joint that hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pivoted frame is L with the distance that bracing frame 3 is rotatably connected on the side on the pivoted frame 4 in the horizontal direction.Must satisfy following relation: 1≤H/L≤15 between the three; 1≤H/D≤15.
Aspect the follow-up maintenance of considering solar energy system, bracing frame 3 is that the angular range that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4 need guarantee can reach at least 135 degree with the side that bracing frame 3 is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame 4.
When the moment that is rotatably connected on the side on the pivoted frame 4 with respect to bracing frame 3 when the sunlight dash receiver is 10000N.M, when the angle of bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 was the 90 degree left and right sides, hydraulic cylinder was to the active force minimum of bracing frame 3 as can be seen for experimental result by as shown in figure 14.When relative 90 degree of angle diminished or increase, hydraulic cylinder was to all exponentially growths of active force of bracing frame 3.And the type selecting of hydraulic cylinder is selected according to required maximum force.
As can be seen from the figure, when L, H constant, when D increases:
When the angle of bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 was the 0 degree left and right sides, the D more motive force of small cylinder was more little, and when bracing frame 3 was spent greater than 90 with the angle of pivoted frame 4, the D more pulling force of small cylinder was more big.Can find that in the curve of dotted line and solid line hydraulic cylinder appears on the dotted line the maximum force of bracing frame.Therefore D is more big, and the power of required hydraulic cylinder is also more big, if but D selects too smallly,, then the selectable length of hydraulic cylinder is more little, then causes finding suitable hydraulic cylinder.
When H, D constant, when L increases:
When the angle of bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 was the 0 degree left and right sides, the L more motive force of small cylinder was more big, and when bracing frame 3 was spent greater than 90 with the angle of pivoted frame 4, the L more pulling force of small cylinder was more big.If but H is excessive relatively for L, then the selectable length of hydraulic cylinder is more little, then causes finding suitable hydraulic cylinder.
Because hydraulic cylinder its length in the course of the work can stretch, be that action part is retracted in the standing part fully the most in short-term, it is the longest when the longest to be that action part extend out to from standing part fully.Can be understood as in conventional hydraulic cylinder, its maximum length can not surpass the twice of its minimum length.And as can be seen from Figure 15, the hydraulic cylinder minimum length of chain-dotted line representative is 1.41m(compression) stretch to maximum length 5.03m() state, be difficult to choose suitable hydraulic cylinder.Eaily in the curve, in conjunction with Figure 14 as can be known, the hydraulic cylinder type selecting of solid line representative is convenient and power is less relatively in the hydraulic cylinder type selecting.
Can find the hydraulic cylinder type selecting easily under the situation in the curve of Figure 14 and Figure 15, hydraulic cylinder appears on the solid line the minimum force of bracing frame, so the ratio of L, H, D is preferred value with the 1:3:1 of chain-dotted line representative.
Because of the power of hydraulic cylinder when more big, its cost is more high, and its size is also more big, safeguards that installation difficulty also increases thereupon.By above-mentioned evidence, and Comprehensive analysis results shows that the preferred value of the ratio of L, H, D is 2:3:1.
First hydraulic system: be arranged between pivoted frame 4 and the bracing frame 3, the side that is rotationally connected with bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 for driving bracing frame 3 is that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4; First hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, and the standing part of hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively, and perhaps the action part of hydraulic system and standing part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively
Concrete, revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, and second end of each hydraulic cylinder is connected by hinged mode with push rod respectively.
The standing part of hydraulic system and action part are hinged with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively in the specific embodiments of the invention, also can be that action part and the standing part of hydraulic system is hinged with described pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectively in the practical application.Order about the sunlight dash receiver 2 that is fixedly mounted on the bracing frame 3 and turn on the plane vertical with sunlight according to the sun and ground level angulation by first hydraulic system is set between the bracing frame 3 that is articulated and connected and pivoted frame 4, and rotational angle can reach more than 90 degree, so just can obtain maximized sunlight utilance.
Order about solar energy location device by different hydraulic cylinders because of first hydraulic system respectively with second hydraulic system and move to realize that in different azimuth solar energy system is to the accurate tracking of sunray.This navigation system both can be applied in the small-sized solar system, also can be applied in the ultra-large type solar energy system.Existing electric motor driven solar energy system just be not suitable for when solar energy system acquires a certain degree because of the limitation of motor power (output).And hydraulic cylinder needs only choosing to model, and its actuating force is changeable, does not limit to fully.And different hydraulic cylinders can be by the control of different holding wire, can be under the situation of simplifying action as far as possible sun-tracing light as soon as possible.
The difference of four embodiment of the present invention is:
Comprise two hydraulic cylinders as Fig. 1 to second hydraulic system shown in Figure 9: first hydraulic cylinder 700 and second hydraulic cylinder 701.
Wherein angulation is 0 ° ~ 180 ° between first push rod 600 and second push rod 601.Being angle between two push rods in the embodiments of the invention one is 90 °, and being angle between two push rods among the embodiment two is 180 °, and being angle between two push rods among the embodiment three is 0 °. Embodiment 1,2,3 difference only are this, and other parts are roughly the same.
Be installed with two holders on the ground or on the roof: second end of first holder 710 and second holder, 711, the first hydraulic cylinders 700 and second hydraulic cylinder 701 is hinged with first holder 710 and second holder 711 respectively.
In the time of concrete enforcement, the hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system can be simultaneously pivoted frame to be applied motive force, also can be simultaneously pivoted frame to be applied pulling force, can also be that push-and-pull is used, and specifically can implement according to the instruction of control device.
The standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system is b, and the holder corresponding with hydraulic cylinder and the distance between the revolving part are c, and the length of the push rod that is connected with hydraulic cylinder is a.Then satisfy following relation: a≤0.5b, b≤c≤3b between a, b, the c.For guaranteeing that second hydraulic system can drive the angle that pivoted frame 4 rotates and be not less than 180 degree, must satisfy above-mentioned condition between a, b, the c three, because of the relation between a, b, the c also with push rod between angle relevant, so b≤c≤3b can not satisfy all situations fully.1.5b during≤c≤2.5b, no matter angle is much between the push rod, can both guarantee during a≤0.5b that second hydraulic system can drive the angle that pivoted frame 4 rotates and be not less than 180 degree.
When all hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system all is in the dead-centre position, do not having under the situation of external force, second hydraulic system of solar energy location device can't turn round.And when at least one hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system be not during for the dead point state, what second hydraulic system all still can operate as normal.
All be in the situation of dead-centre position for all hydraulic cylinder of avoiding occurring second hydraulic system, when first hydraulic cylinder 700 and first push rod 600 were positioned on the straight line, second hydraulic cylinder 701, second push rod 601 and second holder 711 formed triangle with the line of revolving part; Perhaps when second hydraulic cylinder 701 and second push rod 601 were positioned on the straight line, first hydraulic cylinder 700, first push rod 600 and first holder 710 formed triangle with the line of revolving part.
The hydraulic cylinder that proportionate relationship scope between above-mentioned a, b, the c three has then avoided all hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system to be in dead point state or second hydraulic system simultaneously well contradicts each other in the course of the work.
Embodiment 4:
Comprise three hydraulic cylinders as Figure 10 to second hydraulic system shown in Figure 13: first hydraulic cylinder 700, second hydraulic cylinder 701 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702.
In the present embodiment, three push rods evenly distribute, and angle between any two is 120 degree.Not limited by present embodiment during concrete the use, just take equally distributed mode more favourable for the hydraulic cylinder type selecting.
Be installed with three holders on the ground or on the roof: second end of first holder 710, second holder 711 and the 3rd holder 712, the first hydraulic cylinders 700, second hydraulic cylinder 701 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702 is hinged with first holder 710, second holder 711 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 712 respectively.
In the time of concrete enforcement, the hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system can be simultaneously pivoted frame to be applied motive force, also can be simultaneously pivoted frame to be applied pulling force, can also be that push-and-pull is used, and specifically can implement according to the instruction of control device.
The standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system is b, and the holder corresponding with hydraulic cylinder and the distance between the revolving part are c, and the length of the push rod that is connected with hydraulic cylinder is a.Then satisfy following relation: a≤0.8b, b≤c≤3b between a, b, the c.For guaranteeing that second hydraulic system can drive the angular range of pivoted frame 4 rotations in 180 degree, must satisfy above-mentioned condition between a, b, the c three, because of the relation between a, b, the c also with push rod between angle relevant, so b≤c≤3b can not satisfy all situations fully.1.8b during≤c≤2.8b, no matter angle is much between the push rod, can both guarantee during a≤0.8b that second hydraulic system can drive angular range that pivoted frame 4 rotates in 180 degree.
When all hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system all is in the dead-centre position, do not having under the situation of external force, second hydraulic system of solar energy location device can't turn round.And when at least one hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system be not during for the dead point state, what second hydraulic system all still can operate as normal.
The hydraulic cylinder that proportionate relationship scope between above-mentioned a, b, the c three has then avoided all hydraulic cylinder of second hydraulic system to be in dead point state or second hydraulic system simultaneously well contradicts each other in the course of the work.
In the present embodiment, the action of these three hydraulic cylinders is carried out according to time sequencing, when the sun occurs in the morning, first hydraulic cylinder 700 comes into operation, when the action part of this hydraulic cylinder moves to certain position, and stop motion, then continuing to drive (push away or draw) whole pivoted frame 4 by second hydraulic cylinder 701 rotates in orbit, when second hydraulic cylinder 701 turns to certain position, stop action, then drive (push away or draw) pivoted frame 4 by the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702 and turn round in orbit.
In the present embodiment, the action of these three hydraulic cylinders is carried out according to time sequencing, when the sun occurs in the morning, first hydraulic cylinder 700 comes into operation, when the action part of this hydraulic cylinder moves to certain position, and stop motion, then continuing to drive (push away or draw) whole pivoted frame 4 by second hydraulic cylinder 701 rotates in orbit, when second hydraulic cylinder 701 turns to certain position, stop action, then drive (push away or draw) pivoted frame 4 by the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702 and turn round in orbit.
Pass in this specification between a of indication, b, the c is the corresponding holder of same hydraulic cylinder, push rod and the size of self.Be applicable to other hydraulic cylinders in the same embodiment.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the positioner of a solar energy receiving system, described solar energy system comprise positioner and are fixedly mounted on sunlight dash receiver (2) on the described positioner, it is characterized in that described positioner comprises:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates;
Pivoted frame (4): fixedly connected with described revolving part, rotate with described revolving part, described pivoted frame (4) drives described sunlight dash receiver (2) when rotating and rotates thereupon;
Bracing frame (3): one side and pivoted frame (4) are rotationally connected, and described sunlight dash receiver (2) is fixedly mounted on the support frame as described above (3);
First hydraulic system: be arranged between described pivoted frame (4) and the support frame as described above (3), the side that is rotationally connected with bracing frame (3) and described pivoted frame (4) for driving support frame as described above (3) is that axis rotates relative to described pivoted frame (4); Described first hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, the standing part of described hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part are hinged with described pivoted frame (4) and bracing frame (3) respectively, and perhaps the action part of hydraulic system and standing part are hinged with described pivoted frame (4) and bracing frame (3) respectively;
Second hydraulic system: being used for ordering about pivoted frame (4) serves as that axle rotates with the axis of revolving part; Described second hydraulic system comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, described second hydraulic system also respectively corresponding each hydraulic cylinder be provided with and be fixedly mounted on the ground or the holder on the roof, first end of described each hydraulic cylinder is hinged with each holder respectively, and its second end is connected by hinged mode with described revolving part respectively.
2. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the side that support frame as described above (3) is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame (4) is D in the distance that short transverse and described hydraulic cylinder are hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame (4), the side that support frame as described above (3) is rotatably connected on the pivoted frame (4) is H with the distance that described hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pin joint line on the pivoted frame (4) in the horizontal direction, the pin joint that described hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pivoted frame (4) is L with the distance that bracing frame (3) is rotatably connected on the side on the pivoted frame (4) in the horizontal direction, then must satisfy following relation: 1≤H/L≤15 between the three; 1≤H/D≤15.
3. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described first hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) and the 5th hydraulic cylinder: (801), and L:H:D=1:3:1;
Described the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) respectively on the plane at bracing frame (3) place and the projection on the plane at pivoted frame (4) place and described the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) form a plane, described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame (3) place and pivoted frame (4) place respectively;
Described the 5th hydraulic cylinder (801) respectively on the plane at bracing frame (3) place and the projection on the plane at pivoted frame (4) place and described the 5th hydraulic cylinder (801) form a plane, described plane is vertical with the plane at the plane at bracing frame (3) place and pivoted frame (4) place respectively.
4. according to the positioner of each described solar energy receiving system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described positioner also comprises fixed installation on the ground or the circular guideway on the roof (9), the center of circle of described guide rail (9) and the axis coinciding of described revolving part, described pivoted frame (4) comprise at least 3 guide wheels that are slidingly mounted on the described guide rail (9);
Described guide rail (9) is circular groove, and described guide wheel is slidingly mounted in the guide rail (9) of described circular groove; Perhaps described guide rail (9) is circular platform, and described guide wheel rolls and is installed in the bottom of described pivoted frame (4) and rolls and drive described pivoted frame (4) on the guide rail of described circular platform (9) again and rotate.
5. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof (500), described pedestal (500) is provided with and rotates the central shaft of installing (5), and described revolving part is described central shaft (5);
Perhaps positioner comprises fixed installation on the ground or the pedestal on the roof (500), and described pedestal (500) is provided with hard-wired central shaft (5), and described revolving part is for being rotatably installed in the axle sleeve on the described central shaft (5).
6. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is b, the holder corresponding with described hydraulic cylinder and the distance between the revolving part are c, the length of the push rod that is connected with described hydraulic cylinder is a, a≤0.8b, and b≤c≤3b.
7. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described second hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: first hydraulic cylinder (700) and second hydraulic cylinder (701), then satisfy following relation: a≤0.5b, 1.5b≤c≤2.5b between a, b, the c.
8. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, and second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises first push rod (600) and second push rod (601), and second end of described first hydraulic cylinder (700) and second hydraulic cylinder (701) is hinged with described first push rod (600) and second push rod (601) respectively;
Be installed with two holders on the described ground or on the roof: first holder (710) and second holder (711), second end of described first hydraulic cylinder (700) and second hydraulic cylinder (701) are hinged with described first holder (710) and second holder (711) respectively.
9. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described second hydraulic system comprises three hydraulic cylinders: first hydraulic cylinder (700), second hydraulic cylinder (701) and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder (702), 1.8b≤c≤2.8b.
10. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, and second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described second hydraulic system is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises first push rod (600), second push rod (601) and the 3rd push rod (602), described three push rods evenly distribute, angle is 120 degree between any two, and first end of described first hydraulic cylinder (700), second hydraulic cylinder (701) and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder (702) is hinged with described first push rod (600), second push rod (601) and the 3rd push rod (602) respectively;
Be installed with three holders on the described ground or on the roof: first holder (710), second holder (711) and the 3rd holder (712), second end of described first hydraulic cylinder (700), second hydraulic cylinder (701) and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder (702) are hinged with described first holder (710), second holder (711) and the 3rd holder (712) respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110443337.6A CN103187461B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system |
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| CN201110443337.6A CN103187461B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system |
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| CN103187461A true CN103187461A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
| CN103187461B CN103187461B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| CN201110443337.6A Active CN103187461B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104065333A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 苏州卫生职业技术学院 | Dual-control solar automatic positioning device |
| CN105790692A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 张建孝 | Combined automatic tracking solar photovoltaic power station |
| CN106575126A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-04-19 | Sener工程系统私人控股公司 | Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers |
| CN109698669A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | Sener工程系统私人控股公司 | Azimuth and elevation angle rotating mechanism for sun follower |
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| CN101403926A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-04-08 | 北京交通大学 | Hydraulic three-rod support type solar tracking apparatus |
| CN102109852A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-day automatic tracking system |
| CN102158132A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-dome hydraulic-drive solar tracking system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101403926A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-04-08 | 北京交通大学 | Hydraulic three-rod support type solar tracking apparatus |
| CN102109852A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-day automatic tracking system |
| CN102158132A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-dome hydraulic-drive solar tracking system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104065333A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 苏州卫生职业技术学院 | Dual-control solar automatic positioning device |
| CN104065333B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-09-14 | 苏州卫生职业技术学院 | A kind of dual control solar automatic positioning equipment |
| CN106575126A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-04-19 | Sener工程系统私人控股公司 | Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers |
| CN105790692A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 张建孝 | Combined automatic tracking solar photovoltaic power station |
| CN109698669A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | Sener工程系统私人控股公司 | Azimuth and elevation angle rotating mechanism for sun follower |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103187461B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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