CN106575126A - Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers - Google Patents

Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106575126A
CN106575126A CN201580039808.3A CN201580039808A CN106575126A CN 106575126 A CN106575126 A CN 106575126A CN 201580039808 A CN201580039808 A CN 201580039808A CN 106575126 A CN106575126 A CN 106575126A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hydraulic cylinder
pedestal
rotating mechanism
hinged
piston rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580039808.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106575126B (en
Inventor
X·莱库韦·因乔斯蒂
E·比利亚罗埃尔·皮内多
J·M·拉塔·佩雷斯
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Sener Ingenieria y Sistemas SA
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Sener Ingenieria y Sistemas SA
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Publication of CN106575126A publication Critical patent/CN106575126A/en
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Publication of CN106575126B publication Critical patent/CN106575126B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/422Vertical axis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/428Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis with inclined axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F24S30/452Vertical primary axis
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10Special components
    • F24S2030/11Driving means
    • F24S2030/115Linear actuators, e.g. pneumatic cylinders
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers comprising a vertical pedestal (1) on which a rotating support (2) holding the solar panels (7) is mounted, which is actuated by means of at least three hydraulic cylinders (4, 5 and 6) located in the same horizontal plane and articulated through the casing to the rotating support (2) by means of a first movable vertical shaft (18), while the piston rods of the three cylinders pass through the wall of the rotating support and are articulated at the same height to the pedestal by means of a second fixed vertical rotation shaft (21).

Description

The azimuth rotating mechanism of sun tracker
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of azimuth rotating mechanism of the sun tracker by vertical pedestal structure types, described vertical The device that rotationally supports with the axle rotatory power around pedestal is installed, the device that rotationally supports keeps solar cell on pedestal Plate and the hydraulic cylinder of the supporter and pedestal is hinged to by means of corresponding vertical pivot activates.
More specifically, the mechanism of the present invention is used for the sun tracker of T-shaped, it is as the motion of structure is relative to fixed base Seat is maintained at its reflecting surface in azimuth and lifting shaft (elevator shaft).
Background technology
Many supportings for sun tracker structure and rotating mechanism are currently, there are, what it can be provided according to them Angle stroke, foundation are maintained for and activate its load capacity and foundation for both and track its precision in terms of the sun to be classified.And And all hard objectives in them are for required feature lowers its manufacture, assembling and maintenance cost.
The azimuth rotating mechanism is that especially hardly possible is done and expensive, in this regard, based on the actuating of two hydraulic cylinders Patent US6123067 and WO2013/178850A1 can be cited and make background technology.
The theme of the mechanism of patent US6123067 includes a kind of rotation activated by two hydraulic cylinders, around pedestal rotation Turn frame.The mechanism is problem that is complicated, expensive and showing the wide arc gap for needing Jing often to safeguard.
Patent application WO2013/178850A1 discloses one kind and attaches to identical common axis but in not by means of two With the azimuth hydraulic actuating unit that height is realized so as to its hydraulic cylinder that will not interlock, it allows solar cell panel structure phase For supporting base rotates complete 360 °.For the problem of the azimuth mechanism is that its load capacity is too variable and at it It is uneven during circumferential mobile, so that the load in order to absorb the wind that supporting structure can be received in any direction, for making structure Its load of actuation ability needed for motion and both wind is resisted in the case of no motion of, it needs the whole of notable oversized dimensions Mechanism.
Except the load by produced by the length moved along the azimuth of tracker by the actuating of two hydraulic cylinders not Outside balance (in view of they are with regard to the relative position of each other and they are generally optimized by the angular separation by about 90 °), by In the extra bending moment that the end of cylinder is arranged on top of the other and is caused on axle using it, so Another kind of imbalance is generated on cylinder attachment common axis thereon.On the one hand the uneven of the load close from two cylinders In the relative position of each other, and on the other hand source on the fact that:The end of the cylinder is attached on identical common axis But a top at another, this needs in its end for attaching to these cylinders in axle there is spherical ball-and-socket type to connect Head.These spherical ball-and-socket type joints are configured to by being introduced into uneven and off-centered load come the change in absorption system Shape deviation with prevent cylinder rupture or cylinder and its attach to azimuth mechanism remainder annex durability it is notable Lower, the spherical ball-and-socket type joint is costliness and occupies big quantity space.Equally, the moving part of sun tracker and Mechanical rotate element (it is typically ball bearing) between fixed pedestal to the common axis that it is attached because of cylinder due to being transmitted not The load of balance have also undergones much larger load, so as to need the size for increasing the mechanical rotate element to attempt it in behaviour Bigger abrasion in work is minimized and obtains acceptable durability degree, and the mechanical rotate element is usually ball bearing or axle Journal bearing.
In the solar thermal power plants of center pylon and heliostat field (heliostat field), cost of electricity-generating is reduced Large-scale production, causes to generate gradually bigger power plant, and it needs thousands of big heliostats and result in around pylon 360 ° of sun field structure.For such solar farm, heliostat is (especially for the solar plant positioned at the Northern Hemisphere of the earth Region to the south in heliostat) needed for azimuth axis in angle stroke be it is at a relatively high, height to its needs one turn over degree Stop work to track the sun always and to avoid in factory's run duration.In the wide angle stroke azimuth mechanism with limit switches In, the rotation of effective azimuth can be about 350 °, it is, almost but be not a turn over.In such cases and For heliostat field to the south, occur two kinds of singularitys when heliostat tracks the sun in the run duration of power plant.One of them It is the singularity that can be referred to as azimuth blind spot singularity, this is due to turning over turn over so that when heliostat reaches its limit When, although it must be turned round have lost it can align itself to the tracking sun again so as to take part in the strategy Availability may continue about 30 minutes.However, shut-down of another defect to the heliostat in field to the south has bigger shadow Ring, it is because the heliostat in field to the south positions itself to track too with the very little elevation angle (it is, too level) Sun and reflected with tracking velocity (it must be low enough to and track the sun with correct precision) and can be transmitted to positioned at tower The receiver of the highest point of frame and there is failure.In this case, heliostat must be by starting urgent speed (it is fast a lot) To reset itself to seek its accurate tracking position and stopped work to minimize.
The shut-down (can be turned by the offer when lifting rotation scope is usually restricted to 90 ° or bigger with turn over is turned over Cross 360 °) ability azimuth mechanism minimizing, to avoid causing the actuating on lifting shaft by unnecessarily complexization And high cost.
Based on the hydraulic actuation in the azimuth axis of hydraulic cylinder because its reliability is with low cost and due to its high load capacity Ability is very attracting;However, its materialization (materialization) physically is to obtain high rotatory power (to turn Cross 360 °) and worked with balance load capacity along the length that it rotates with optimize mechanism and thus hydraulic cylinder size It is crucial.
The content of the invention
As provided above, the mechanism of the present invention is provided with including vertical pedestal type on the vertical pedestal The ability rotated with the axle around pedestal rotationally supports device, and the device that rotationally supports keeps solar panel and pass through The hydraulic cylinder for being hinged to supporter and pedestal by means of corresponding vertical pivot is activated.
According to the present invention, the mechanism includes at least 3 hydraulic cylinders for being located at same horizontal plane.This 3 hydraulic cylinders by It is hinged to through housing (casing) in the first movable vertical rotary shaft and rotationally supports device, the described first movable vertical rotation Rotating shaft is located at the profile exterior of pedestal.On the other hand, the piston rod of 3 cylinders is passed through by respective openings and rotationally supports device Wall, and pedestal is hinged at identical height by means of the second vertical rotary shaft fixed, described second fix it is vertical Rotary shaft is located at the contoured interior of the pedestal.
Configuration as above allow sun tracker fully perform its azimuth move and its on lifting shaft from The movement of 90 ° (vertical orientation) at least 0 ° (horizontal orientation).The mechanism of the present invention allows to along 360 ° of azimuth transport Move and obtain much better optimum balance, not only for its hydraulic cylinder, but also for the entirety of its supporting structure so that it is more Cheaply.The more preferable balance provides much higher adjustment capability when the sun is tracked for its azimuthal movement then.
In addition, the arrangement of three cylinders in same level will not produce extra bending motion (if three cylinders (at least three Two in individual cylinder) arranged at the top of another by one, then bending fortune will be produced on the common axis attached by it It is dynamic);This way it is possible to avoid to each cylinder its relative to the end of the interface of common axis spherical ball-and-socket type joint together with Three cylinders are with the needs of 120 ° of configuration.Equally, the more preferable balance of load allow movable tracker and its fixed pedestal it Between use simpler and less expensive ball bearing as interface machinery rotate element, it is or or even enough needed for do not affect Friction bearing is used in the case of durability degree.
Preferably, hydraulic cylinder should be arranged on etc. in the position of angular separation.According to preferred embodiment, the mechanism includes 3 hydraulic cylinders for relative to each other arranging by 120 ° of angle ground.
Other relative position groupings between these cylinders can within the scope of the invention, if they allow to limit For sun tracker has the greater compactness of mechanism of further freedom of motion in the range of azimuth and elevating movement, Even when losing some load balancing, it is anyway always accessible more than only having two azimuthal cylinders It is good.In the case of 3 cylinders, a kind of typical situation can be by the positioning of 3 cylinders from the equidistant of 120 ° between the cylinder Position is modified as the position of 60 ° between them, reserves when sun tracker rises when court of institute from 0 ° (level) to 90 ° is (vertical) It is idle and unencumbered to its region moved, so that compressing azimuth mechanism possibly also with it.
In order to the piston rod of 3 hydraulic cylinders is attached to into the second vertical pivot, and the piston rod is set to be in identical height Degree, is provided with the structure that can be coupled to each other in its end at the top of piston rod, by the structure, the piston rod is by identical The second vertical pivot is hinged at height.
The shape of overlapping fork can be adopted in two at least in the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder of said structure, it surrounds the 3rd liquid The end of the piston rod of cylinder pressure.
The device that rotationally supports can be made up of the housing of cylindrical wall, and the housing of cylindrical wall is included for 3 The opening that the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder passes through.The cylindrical wall is closed at its base portion by means of the parallel-plate of 2 triangles, institute State triangular parallel plate at least to stretch out relative to cylindrical wall in its angled portion, define the shell of hydraulic cylinder by the One vertical pivot is hinged to the protuberance pair between it, lower panel according at least to cylindrical wall profile be open, it is therefore an objective to permit Perhaps the second vertical pivot passes through, and the piston rod of three cylinders is articulated at identical height.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing shows the possibility embodiment of the azimuth mechanism of the invention as non-limiting examples.
- Fig. 1 shows the side view of sun tracker, with the solar panel in vertical position, including this Bright mechanism.
- Fig. 2 shows the view similar to Fig. 1, with the solar panel being horizontal.
- Fig. 3 shows the mechanism of the present invention from higher perspective rate.
- Fig. 4 is the side view of same mechanism.
- Fig. 5 shows the rotary support of the mechanism of the present invention from higher perspective rate.
- Fig. 6 shows three hydraulic cylinders configuration of a part for the mechanism as the present invention with perspective.
- Fig. 7 is the decomposition diagram of the different parts of the mechanism of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 A to 8F show the plan of the continuous position of the mechanism obtained by the actuating by three hydraulic cylinders.
Specific embodiment
The sun tracker being made up of fixed vertical pedestal (1) is figures 1 and 2 show that, rotation is installed on vertical pedestal Supporter (2) and the device that rotationally supports can rotate around vertical pivot, the vertical pivot is consistent with the axle of vertical pedestal (1).Institute State rotationally support the rotation of device (2) by means of be preferably provided in equidistant Angle Position and in same horizontal plane three The joint of individual hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5) is activated and obtained.
The device (2) that rotationally supports is held on being provided with the structure (6) of reflective mirror (7), and the reflective mirror receives the sun The direct effect of ray.With the actuating of lift cylinders (9), the structure (6) can be in the vertical position of Fig. 1 and the horizontal position of Fig. 2 Pivot around trunnion axis (8) between putting, the housing (casing) of the lift cylinders is hinged on the supporter (2) being coupled together Protuberance between.
By means of lift cylinders (9), reflective mirror (7) can occupy arbitrary between the vertical position of Fig. 1 and the horizontal level of Fig. 2 Position.On the other hand, activated by means of the joint of three hydraulic cylinders (3,4 and 5), mechanism can move to any from the position of Fig. 8 A Azimuthal centre position, as described in hereinafter with reference to Fig. 8 A to 8F.
Fig. 3 shows by cylinder (10) and attaches to the vertical pedestal (1) that the head (11) on cylinder (10) is constituted, It has generally formed vertical pivot pedestal (1).
Rotationally support device (2) to be installed on pedestal (1) and with by means of any of rotating bearing system (example Such as by insertion slewing bearing (12), Fig. 4 and 7) around the pedestal vertical pivot rotate ability.
The rotation of supporter (2) is realized by means of the actuating of hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5).
In the embodiment of the example shown in Fig. 4,5 and 7, it is by cylindrical wall (13) and in match bit to rotationally support device Put and be attached to the cylindrical wall and at least put down from two triangles that the cylindrical wall is projected at angled portion (16) place What andante (14 and 15) was constituted, the angled portion has the opening of the vertical positioning of the passage as the first vertical pivot (18) (17), first vertical pivot plays the housing of cylinder (3,4 and 5) to the work for being hinged (articulate) device for rotationally supporting device With.Three vertical pivots (18) are positioned at the outside of the profile of pedestal (1) and can be along angularly moving perpendicular to the direction of the axle.
Two outwardly portion (19) be attached to cylindrical wall (13), the housing of hydraulic cylinder (9) be hinged to them it Between.
The cylindrical wall (13) penetrates rotation with three openings (20), hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5) by the opening Hold in device (2) that the end of its piston rod is hinged to into the be coupled together with pedestal (1) second fixation at identical height Vertical rotary shaft (21).Contoured interior of the second vertical rotary shaft (21) fixed positioned at pedestal.
As being best shown in Fig. 6 and 7, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5) has at top can be coupled to each other together Structure, the structure can also adopt Y-piece (22) shape.For arrangement as above, device is at least rotationally supported (2) lower panel (15) should wherein heart district opening with allow the second vertical rotary shaft (21) by and it is attached for it It is connected to pedestal (1).Equally, upper board (14) can schemed as shown in (3 and 7) heart outs open wherein.
Preferably, hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5) should be arranged in the isogonism spaced position in same horizontal plane, so that The cylinder should be separated from each other 120 ° in the case of three cylinders.
Fig. 8 A to 8F depict the different Angle Position for rotationally supporting device (2) by the actuating of hydraulic cylinder (3,4 and 5).
Fig. 8 A depict 0 ° of azimuth position, and continuous azimuth position is depicted on the basis of it.60 ° in Fig. 8 B , in Fig. 8 C 120 °, in Fig. 8 D 180 °, in Fig. 8 E 240 ° and 300 ° in Fig. 8 F.
In all situations, the second vertical pivot (21) is at same location, because it is attached to pedestal (1), but cylinder (3,4 and 5) change and (and first vertical pivot (18)) in terms of length changes in terms of position, so as to promote to keep the framework (6) the rotation for rotationally supporting device (2), the framework keeps reflective mirror (7) for orienting purpose.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of azimuth rotating mechanism for sun tracker, the azimuth rotating mechanism includes vertical pedestal, described Being provided with vertical pedestal can rotationally support device around what the axle of the pedestal rotated, and the device that rotationally supports keeps solar energy Cell panel and by means of corresponding vertical pivot be hinged to it is described rotationally support the hydraulic cylinder of device and the pedestal to activate, it is special Levy and be, the azimuth rotating mechanism includes:
- at least three hydraulic cylinders being located in same horizontal plane;
- at least three hydraulic cylinder is passed through by means of the first movable vertical rotary shaft of the profile exterior positioned at the pedestal Housing and be hinged to and described rotationally support device;
The piston rod of-at least three hydraulic cylinder passes through the wall for rotationally supporting device by respective openings, and by The pedestal is hinged at identical height in the rotary shaft of the second fixation of the contoured interior positioned at the pedestal.
2. azimuth rotating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the piston rod of at least three hydraulic cylinder End have and be coupled to each other structure together, and these hydraulic cylinders are located in same horizontal plane, by the structure, institute State piston rod and the second vertical pivot is hinged at identical height.
3. azimuth rotating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder by etc. angular separation ground cloth Put.
4. the azimuth rotating mechanism according to claim 1 and 3, it is characterised in that the azimuth rotating mechanism includes Three hydraulic cylinders relative to each other arranged with hexagonal angle degree.
5. the azimuth rotating mechanism according to claim 1 and 3, it is characterised in that at least two in the hydraulic cylinder The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder surrounds the end of the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder in shape of the top in the Y-piece that can be overlapped.
6. azimuth rotating mechanism according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described rotationally support device include it is columnar The parallel-plate of wall and two triangles, the columnar wall includes that the piston rod at least three hydraulic cylinder passes through Opening, the parallel-plate is attached in the position overlapped with the base portion of the columnar wall, described relative to the position The parallel-plate at least projection in its angled portion, between the angled portion, the housing of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the first vertical pivot It is hinged, lower panel is according to the profile opening of the columnar wall for being hinged with the piston of at least three hydraulic cylinder Second vertical pivot of bar passes through.
CN201580039808.3A 2014-06-30 2015-06-02 Azimuth angle rotating mechanism of solar tracker Active CN106575126B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201430983 2014-06-30
ES201430983A ES2495590B1 (en) 2014-06-30 2014-06-30 Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers
PCT/EP2015/062223 WO2016000895A1 (en) 2014-06-30 2015-06-02 Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106575126A true CN106575126A (en) 2017-04-19
CN106575126B CN106575126B (en) 2021-04-06

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Country Status (10)

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US (1) US10488080B2 (en)
CN (1) CN106575126B (en)
AU (1) AU2015283198B2 (en)
CL (1) CL2016003352A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2495590B1 (en)
IL (1) IL249746A0 (en)
MA (1) MA39639B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2017000093A (en)
SA (1) SA516380623B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016000895A1 (en)

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CN109698669A (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 Sener工程系统私人控股公司 Azimuth and elevation angle rotating mechanism for sun follower
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US10488080B2 (en) 2019-11-26
WO2016000895A1 (en) 2016-01-07
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AU2015283198A1 (en) 2017-01-19
CN106575126B (en) 2021-04-06
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AU2015283198B2 (en) 2019-10-24
CL2016003352A1 (en) 2017-06-02

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