CN102768540A

CN102768540A - Method for controlling elevation angle and azimuth angle of solar cell panel

Info

Publication number: CN102768540A
Application number: CN2011101191587A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚福来
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-05-05
Filing date: 2011-05-05
Publication date: 2012-11-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling an elevation angle and an azimuth angle of a solar cell panel. The control for the elevation angle and the azimuth angle is realized in a way that a two-position action element with two staying positions is adopted, and the corotation, the inversion and the suspension of a ratchet wheel are realized to control the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the solar panel through alternation of the two-position action element on the two staying positions. More than one solar panel facing the same direction and having the same elevation angles and the same azimuth angle are regularly arranged in a photovoltaic plant, so that only an overall controller and a common control circuit, a control gas circuit or a control oil circuit can control the elevation angles and the azimuth angles of all the solar panels in one photovoltaic plant.

Description

Be used for the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method

Affiliated technical field the present invention relates to be used for a kind of elevation angle and azimuthal control method, the especially a kind of solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method of being used for.

Background technology is present, and along with the growing tension of the energy, the application of solar water heater, solar cooker, solar power plant becomes more and more widely; In order to improve the generated energy of solar energy photovoltaic generator, just must keep the incident angle of solar panel and sunshine to keep vertical as far as possible, class methods are that the detection sunshine is in the several grid vertical with solar panel or the projection under the vertical rod; Solar panel continuity or discontinuity are rotated, change the elevation angle and the position angle of solar panel, to reduce the area of sunshine projection; Area hour, the solar panel just in time optical fiber with sunshine is vertical, the shortcoming of this method is; If there is cloud to cover the sun; Then the light at clearance place possibly cause the tracking orientation of solar panel to misplace, and another kind of method is according to earth autobiography speed and seasonal variations, and every day is all according to fixing program; The elevation angle and the position angle of continuous or intermittent adjustment solar panel; Just in time the optical fiber with sunshine is vertical to keep solar panel, need program in advance, deposits in the control system of solar panel.

No matter be which kind of solar energy tracing method; All must control at last the elevation angle and the position angle of solar panel; Modal method is; Position angle employing AC motor, direct current motor, stepping motor or servomotor and mechanical mechanism are formed the position angle control device of rotation mode, and the elevation angle adopts AC motor, direct current motor, stepping motor or servomotor and mechanical mechanism to form the elevation angle control device of rotation mode, also have plenty of the electric pushrod of employing composition rotation mode and carry out elevation angle control; These methods all need complicated control system and realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control; So, causing in the present solar power station, the shared cost of solar energy tracking device is very high.

Summary of the invention is in order to reduce the cost of solar energy tracking device, and the present invention provides a kind of solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal simple control method of being used for.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method of being used for; The two bit motion elements that have only two stop places are adopted in the control at the elevation angle; Two bit motion elements with two stop places comprise electromagnet, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, corrugated tube and bellows; Through control two bit motion elements on two stop places alternately, realize ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop three actions, that realizes the sour jujube bar advances, retreats and stop three actions; Be used for the elevation angle of solar panel is controlled; The control line of each electromagnet only needs two, and the control gas circuit of the cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel, and the control oil channel of the oil cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel; The two bit motion elements that have only two stop places are adopted in azimuthal control; Two bit motion elements with two stop places comprise electromagnet, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, corrugated tube and bellows; Through control two bit motion elements on two stop places alternately, realize ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop three actions, that realizes the sour jujube bar advances, retreats and stop three actions; Be used for the elevation angle and the position angle of solar panel are controlled; The control line of each electromagnet only needs two, and the control gas circuit of the cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel, and the control oil channel of the oil cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel; Regularly arranged in photovoltaic plant towards identical solar panel more than one; Their elevation angle is identical with the position angle; Can use a master controller and public operation circuit, control gas circuit or control oil channel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant.

By the two bit motion elements that two stop places are arranged that electromagnet is formed, the control ratchet and pawl has a power electromagnet and a directed electromagnetic component; The coils from parallel connection of coils of power magnet spool and directed electromagnetic component or series connection provide direct current supply with two power lines, and the suction of power electromagnet is put rotating torque to ratchet is provided; The power electromagnet is a spring reset, when directed electromagnetic component inserts the forward dc power supply or inserts reverse direct supply, can produce and attracts or repel two actions; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two power line power supplies, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two power line power supplies; Need four power lines just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four power lines; By the two bit motion elements that two stop places are arranged that electromagnet is formed, control sour jujube bar and ratchet have a power electromagnet and a directed electromagnetic component; The coils from parallel connection of coils of power magnet spool and directed electromagnetic component or series connection provide direct current supply with two power lines, and the suction of power electromagnet is put thrust to the sour jujube bar is provided; The power electromagnet is a spring reset, when directed electromagnetic component inserts forward dc power supply or reverse direct supply, can produce attraction or repel two actions; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thereby control the working direction of sour jujube bar, so just can realize advancing, retreat and stopping to control of a sour jujube bar; Moving forward and backward of sour jujube bar can realize the control to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two power line power supplies, moving forward and backward of sour jujube bar also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two power line power supplies; Need four power lines just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four control lines; First limit switch is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed contact of first limit switch is connected with first diode and formed first branch road, second limit switch of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normally closed contact of second limit switch is connected with second diode and is formed second branch road, is concatenated into after first branch road and second branch road are connected in parallel in two power lines controlling at the elevation angle and goes, and the conducting direction of first diode and second diode is opposite; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time; The normally closed contact of the normally closed contact of first limit switch and second limit switch is all closed, no matter two power lines apply forward voltage or apply reverse voltage, always a conducting is arranged in first diode and second diode; When the elevation angle upwards turns to topmost; The normally closed contact of first limit switch is opened, and first branch road breaks off, and has only second branch road to be serially connected in two power lines; The direction of second diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this, the supply voltage that rotates can be applied on two power lines, when the elevation angle upwards turns to bottom; The normally closed contact of second limit switch is opened; Second branch road breaks off, and has only first branch road to be serially connected in two power lines, and the direction of first diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, the supply voltage that upwards rotates can be applied on two power lines; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 3rd limit switch, and the normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch is connected with the 3rd diode and formed the 3rd branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 4th limit switch; The normally closed contact of the 4th limit switch is connected with the 4th diode and is formed the 4th branch road, is concatenated into after the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch road are connected in parallel in two power lines controlling at the position angle and goes, and the conducting direction of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode is opposite; When the position angle is in regional between low order end and the high order end; The normally closed contact of the normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch and the 4th limit switch is all closed, no matter two power lines apply forward voltage or apply reverse voltage, always a conducting is arranged in the 3rd diode and the 4th diode; When the position angle turns right low order end; The normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch is opened, and the 3rd branch road breaks off, and has only the 4th branch road to be serially connected in two power lines; The direction of the 4th diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again, the supply voltage that turns left can be applied on two power lines, when the position angle turns left high order end; The normally closed contact of the 4th limit switch is opened; The 4th branch road breaks off, and has only the 3rd branch road to be serially connected in two power lines, and the direction of the 3rd diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, the supply voltage that turns right can be applied on two power lines.

The two bit motion elements of forming by cylinder that two stop places are arranged; The control ratchet and pawl has an actuating cylinder and a directed cylinder, and actuating cylinder is a spring reset; The air admission hole of actuating cylinder connects first gas circuit and second gas circuit respectively through two retaining valves; Any one tunnel gas circuit has air pressure can get into actuating cylinder, and the vent port of actuating cylinder is through vent valve emptying, and two pores of directed cylinder connect first gas circuit and second gas circuit respectively; Have first gas circuit and the second gas circuit two-way gas circuit air feed, actuating cylinder and directed cylinder can adopt straight line cylinder also can adopt rotary cylinder; When actuating cylinder and directed cylinder all adopt rotary cylinder, the rotation of actuating cylinder and return rotating torque to ratchet is provided, directed cylinder is by the first gas circuit air feed or the second gas circuit air feed; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; Actuating cylinder adopts straight line cylinder, when directed cylinder adopts rotary cylinder, and the release of actuating cylinder and return to ratchet rotating torque is provided; The first gas circuit air feed or the second gas circuit air feed of directed cylinder can produce two actions of forward or reverse, change the direction of ratchet with this action; Thereby the sense of rotation of control ratchet; So just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop control, ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle, need to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether, regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant towards identical more than one solar panel; Their elevation angle is identical with the position angle, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; When actuating cylinder and directed cylinder all adopt straight line cylinder; Directed cylinder becomes rectilinear motion through rack-and-pinion and rotatablely moves, the release of actuating cylinder and return to ratchet and rotating torque is provided, the first gas circuit air feed of directed cylinder or the second gas circuit air feed; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse of gear; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; The first stroke valve is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve is connected with first retaining valve and formed first branch road, the second stroke valve of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normal open pipeline of the second stroke valve is connected with second retaining valve and is formed second branch road, is concatenated in first gas circuit of elevation angle control to go first retaining valve and second retaining valve in the opposite direction after first branch road and second branch road are connected in parallel; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve and the second stroke valve are no matter be that the first gas circuit air inlet, second gas circuit is given vent to anger; Still give vent to anger can both conducting for the second gas circuit air inlet, first gas circuit, a conducting is always arranged, in first retaining valve and second retaining valve when the elevation angle upwards turns to topmost; The normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve breaks off, and first branch road breaks off, and has only second branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit; The flow direction of second retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this, the source of the gas that rotates can be applied on the gas circuit, when the elevation angle is pivotally lowered into bottom; The normally closed pipeline of the second stroke valve breaks off; Second branch road breaks off, and has only first branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit, and the flow direction of first retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, the source of the gas that upwards rotates can be applied on the gas circuit; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the third trip valve, and the normally closed pipeline of third trip valve is connected with the 3rd retaining valve and formed the 3rd branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed fourth line journey valve; The normal open pipeline of fourth line journey valve is connected with the 4th retaining valve and is formed the 4th branch road, is concatenated in the 3rd gas circuit of position angle control to go the 3rd retaining valve and the 4th retaining valve in the opposite direction after the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch road are connected in parallel; When the position angle was in regional between low order end and the high order end, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of third trip valve and fourth line journey valve were no matter be that the 3rd gas circuit air inlet the 4th gas circuit is given vent to anger; Still give vent to anger can both conducting for the 4th gas circuit air inlet the 3rd gas circuit, a conducting is always arranged, in the 3rd retaining valve and the 4th retaining valve when the position angle turns right low order end; The normally closed pipeline of third trip valve breaks off, and the 3rd branch road breaks off, and has only the 4th branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit; The flow direction of the 4th retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again, the source of the gas that turns left can be applied on the gas circuit, when the position angle turns left high order end; The normally closed pipeline of fourth line journey valve breaks off; The 4th branch road breaks off, and has only the 3rd branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit, and the flow direction of the 3rd retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, the source of the gas that turns right can be applied on the gas circuit.

The two bit motion elements of forming by hydraulic cylinder that two stop places are arranged; The control ratchet and pawl; A power hydraulic cylinder and an oriented liquid cylinder pressure are arranged, and power hydraulic cylinder is a spring reset, and the air admission hole of power hydraulic cylinder connects first oil circuit and second oil circuit respectively through the retaining valve of two reversal connections; Any road binders road has pressure can get into power hydraulic cylinder; Two oilholes of oriented liquid cylinder pressure connect first oil circuit and second oil circuit respectively, have first oil circuit and the second oil circuit two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, and power hydraulic cylinder and oriented liquid cylinder pressure can adopt the straight line hydraulic cylinder also can adopt the rotating hydraulic cylinder; When power hydraulic cylinder and oriented liquid cylinder pressure all adopt the rotating hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; Power hydraulic cylinder adopts the straight line hydraulic cylinder; When the oriented liquid cylinder pressure all adopts the rotating hydraulic cylinder, the release of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; When power hydraulic cylinder all adopts the straight line hydraulic cylinder; The release of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, oriented liquid cylinder pressure become rectilinear motion through rack-and-pinion and rotatablely move the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of gear forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; The first hydraulic stroke valve is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve is connected with first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and formed the first hydraulic pressure branch road, the second hydraulic stroke valve of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normal open pipeline of the second hydraulic stroke valve is connected with second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and is formed the second hydraulic pressure branch road, is concatenated in first oil circuit of elevation angle control to go first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve in the opposite direction after the first hydraulic pressure branch road and the second hydraulic pressure branch road are connected in parallel; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve and the second hydraulic stroke valve are no matter be that the first oil circuit oil-feed, second oil circuit is fuel-displaced; Still the second oil circuit oil-feed, first oil circuit is fuel-displaced can both conducting; A conducting is always arranged in first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve, and when the elevation angle upwards turned to topmost, the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve broke off; The first hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the second hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit, the flow direction of second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this; The oil circuit that rotates can conducting; When the elevation angle was pivotally lowered into bottom, the normally closed pipeline of the second hydraulic stroke valve broke off, and the second hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the first hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit; The flow direction of first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, and the oil circuit that upwards rotates can conducting; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve, and the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve is connected with the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and formed the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 4th hydraulic stroke valve; The normal open pipeline of the 4th hydraulic stroke valve is connected with the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and is formed the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road, is concatenated in the 3rd oil circuit of position angle control to go the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve in the opposite direction after the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road and the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road are connected in parallel; When the position angle was in regional between low order end and the high order end, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve and the 4th hydraulic stroke valve were no matter be that the 3rd hydraulic circuit oil-feed the 4th oil circuit is fuel-displaced; Still the 4th oil circuit oil-feed the 3rd oil circuit is fuel-displaced can both conducting; A conducting is always arranged in the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve, and when the position angle turned right low order end, the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve broke off; The 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit, the flow direction of the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again; The oil circuit that turns left can conducting; When the position angle turned left high order end, the normally closed pipeline of the 4th hydraulic stroke valve broke off, and the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit; The flow direction of the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, and the oil circuit that turns right can conducting.

Because form the mechanism of way traffic by ratchet or sour jujube bar and ratchet, can under the situation of outage, remain on original position, so relatively power saving.

A kind of solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method of being used for; Stepping motor is adopted in the control at the elevation angle, and conducting and outage combination through control step motor line loop current make stepping motor just change, stop and the operation of reversing; Stepping motor is adopted in azimuthal control; Conducting through control step motor line loop current and outage combination make stepping motor just change, stop and the operation of reversing, and the just commentaries on classics of two stepping motors, stop and reversing; Just can accomplish a solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can realize the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant are controlled with a master controller and two power cables.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows through use has two bit motion elements of two stop places or uses two-phase stepper motor, changes the elevation angle and the position angle of solar panel, simple in structure, realizes easily.

Hereinafter combines accompanying drawing and embodiment, and the present invention is further specified.

Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the 4th embodiment of the present invention.

Among the figure, 1. power electromagnet, 2. directed electromagnetic component, 3. rocking bar, 4. sleeve pipe, 5. ratchet; 6. ratchet, 7. first power line, 8. second power line, 9. take-off lever, 10. spring, 11. connecting rods; 12. spring, 13. actuating cylinders, 14. directed cylinders, 15. levers, 16. vent valves, 17. retaining valves; 18. retaining valve, 19. first gas circuits, 20. second gas circuits, 21. first ratchets, 22. connecting rods, 23. permanent magnets; 24. second ratchet, 25. connecting rods, 26. permanent magnets, 27. master controllers, 28. elevation angle power lines, 29. position angle power lines; 30. first solar panel, 31. elevation angle control step motor, 32. position angle control step motor, 33. second solar panels, 34. elevation angle control step motor, 35. position angle control step motor; 36. the 3rd solar panel, 37. elevation angle control step motor, 38. position angle control step motor, 39. first limit switches, 40. first diodes, 41. second limit switches; 42. second diode, 43. first stroke valves, 44. first retaining valves, 45. second stroke valves, 46. second retaining valves.

Embodiment Fig. 1 is the elevation angle control section of solar panel, the coils from parallel connection of coils of the coil of power electromagnet 1 and directed electromagnetic component 2, and first limit switch 39 is installed in the top at the elevation angle, and second limit switch 41 is installed in the elevation angle bottom; First power line 7 and second power line 8 connect direct supply, and first power line 7 connects the negative pole that second power line 8 of dc power anode connects direct supply, and after the energising, power electromagnet 1 produces and attracts action; After the dead electricity, power electromagnet 1 is resetted by spring 10, and the suction of power electromagnet 1 is put; Rotating torque is provided for ratchet 6 through take-off lever 9, directed electromagnetic component 2 inserts the forward dc power supply, is just changeing 180 °; Through the direction of sleeve pipe 4 change ratchets 5, the direction of ratchet 5 makes ratchet 6 drive the solar panel elevations angle and rotates up, along with the connecting and disconnecting of direct supply; The elevation angle of solar panel raises step by step, and when arriving topmost, the normally closed contact of first limit switch 39 breaks off; Second diode 42 breaks off direct supply, and the coil of

power electromagnet

1 and 2 outages of directed electromagnetic component stop operating; First power line 7 connects the positive pole that second power line 8 of dc power cathode connects direct supply, and after the energising, power electromagnet 1 produces and attracts action; After the dead electricity, power electromagnet 1 is resetted by spring 10, and the suction of power electromagnet 1 is put; Rotating torque is provided for ratchet 6 through take-off lever 9, directed electromagnetic component 2 inserts the negative sense direct supply, reverses 180 °; Through the direction of sleeve pipe 4 change ratchets 5, the direction of ratchet 5 makes ratchet 6 drive the solar panel elevations angle and rotates down, along with the connecting and disconnecting of direct supply; The elevation angle of solar panel descends step by step, and when arriving bottom, the normally closed contact of second limit switch 41 breaks off; First diode 39 breaks off direct supply, and the coil of

power electromagnet

1 and 2 outages of directed electromagnetic component stop operating; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is all identical towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and two control lines.

Fig. 2 is the position angle control gear of solar panel, and actuating cylinder 13 is a straight line cylinder, and directed cylinder 14 is a rotary cylinder; The air admission hole of actuating cylinder 13 connects retaining valve 17 and retaining valve 18, and actuating cylinder 13 is the spring reset cylinder, when first gas circuit 19 or second gas circuit, 20 air feed; The release of actuating cylinder 13, when first gas circuit 19 and second gas circuit 20 did not have air pressure, actuating cylinder 13 returned; The release of actuating cylinder 13 and return to ratchet 6 rotating torque is provided; Directed cylinder 14 drives sleeve pipe 4 rotations, the direction of sleeve pipe 4 rotations change ratchet 5

Directed cylinder 14 is during by first gas circuit, 19 air feed, second gas circuit, 20 return-airs, and directed cylinder 14 produces and just changeing 180 °, changes the direction of ratchets 5 through sleeve pipe 4, and ratchet 6 allows just to change; First gas circuit 19 stops air feed, and actuating cylinder 13 resets, and turns right a step in the position angle of solar panel; So back and forth, when the position angle of solar panel continues just to forward low order end to, 43 actions of the first stroke valve; Gas circuit is broken off, and second retaining valve 46 is also blocked air-flow, and ratchet 6 stops just to change; Directed cylinder 14 is during by first gas circuit, 19 return-airs, second gas circuit, 20 air feed, and directed cylinder 14 produces 180 ° of counter-rotatings, changes the direction of ratchets 5 through sleeve pipe 4; Ratchet 6 allows counter-rotating, and second gas circuit 20 stops air feed, and actuating cylinder 13 resets; Turned left a step in the position angle of solar panel, so back and forth, and when the position angle of solar panel continues to be inverted to high order end; 45 actions of the second stroke valve, gas circuit is broken off, and first retaining valve 44 is also blocked air-flow; Ratchet 6 stops just to change, and the just commentaries on classics of ratchet 6, reverses and stops to realize to the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that also can realize to the solar panel elevation angle, need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, need four tunnel gas circuits just realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits.

In Fig. 3, have on first ratchet 21 connecting rod 25 and permanent magnet 26 are arranged on connecting rod 22 and permanent magnet 23, the second ratchets 24; The coils from parallel connection of coils of the coil of power electromagnet 1 and directed electromagnetic component 2, first power line 7 and second power line 8 connect direct supply, and first power line 7 can be connected direct supply forward or backwards with second power line 8; After the energising, power electromagnet 1 produces and attracts action, after the dead electricity; Power electromagnet 1 is resetted by spring 10, and the suction of power electromagnet 1 is put, and rotating torque is provided for ratchet 6 through take-off lever 9; When directed electromagnetic component 2 inserted the forward dc power supply, inhaled with the magnetic field that directed electromagnetic component 2 forms mutually in the magnetic field of permanent magnet 23, and permanent magnet 23 is towards directed electromagnetic component 2 directions motion; First ratchet 21 is raised, and repels each other in the magnetic field that the magnetic field of permanent magnet 26 and directed electromagnetic component 2 form, and permanent magnet 26 is towards moving away from directed electromagnetic component 2 directions; Second ratchet 24 is crushed on the tooth of ratchet 6, and second ratchet 24 has determined ratchet 6 along counterclockwise rotating, when directed electromagnetic component 2 inserts reverse direct supply; Repel each other in the magnetic field that the magnetic field of permanent magnet 23 and directed electromagnetic component 2 form; Permanent magnet 23 is towards moving away from directed electromagnetic component 2 directions, and first ratchet 21 is depressed, and inhale with the magnetic field that directed electromagnetic component 2 forms mutually in the magnetic field of permanent magnet 26; Permanent magnet 26 is towards directed electromagnetic component 2 directions motion; Second ratchet 24 is raised, and first ratchet 21 is crushed on the tooth of ratchet 6, and first ratchet 21 has determined ratchet 6 to rotate along clockwise direction; Change the switching repeatedly of positive voltage, negative voltage and the no-voltage of DC voltage on first power line 7 and second power line 8; Just can realize ratchet 6 just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop, rotating and reverse of ratchet 6 can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, and be regularly arranged towards identical more than one solar panel in the photovoltaic plant; Their position angle is all identical, just can control the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and two control lines.

In Fig. 4; Have three regularly arranged and towards identical solar panel; First solar panel 30, second solar panel 33 and the 3rd solar panel 36; Elevation angle control step motor 31 and position angle control step motor 32 are arranged on first solar panel 30; Elevation angle control step motor 34 and position angle control step motor 35 are arranged on second solar panel 33; Elevation angle control step motor 37 and position angle control step motor 38 are arranged on the 3rd solar panel 36; Elevation angle control step motor 31, elevation angle control step motor 34 and elevation angle control step motor 37 are two-phase stepper motor, and position angle control step motor 32, position angle control step motor 35 and position angle control step motor 38 are two-phase stepper motor, and the power line of each stepping motor is four; Elevation angle power line 28 is the four-core power cable; Position angle power line 29 is the four-core power cable, and four lines of three elevation angle stepping motor two phase coils are all received on the elevation angle power line 28, and controller 27 drives elevation angle control step motor 31, elevation angle control step motor 34 and elevation angle control step motor 37 simultaneously; Four lines of three position angle stepping motor two phase coils are all received on the position angle power line 29, and controller 27 is driven square parallactic angle control step motor 32, position angle control step motor 35 and position angle control step motor 38 simultaneously.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should be realized that, under the situation that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make many modifications, as use other form of presentation, change the title of term; Change the profile of two bit motion elements, the position that changes diode with seal in a little, as directly diode being sealed in power magnet, seal in directed electromagnetic component etc.; Increase the quantity of power electromagnet, increase the quantity of directed electromagnet, change the modes of emplacement of two bit motion elements, ratchet or ratchet; Change the quantity of two bit motion elements, change the form of rocking bar, change spring configuration; Change connecting rod, spring, ratchet, ratchet the orientation and about order, change the structure of electromagnet, change the profile of cylinder; Change the profile of hydraulic cylinder, change the quantity of retaining valve, change the quantity of limit valve; Changing two bit motion elements is other two bit units manner of execution such as corrugated tube, bellows or piston, or the like, obviously; Those skilled in the art does not break away from design of the present invention can other form embodiment of the present invention, thereby other embodiment is also in the scope of claim of the present invention.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method; It is characterized in that: the two bit motion elements that have only two stop places are adopted in the control at the elevation angle; Two bit motion elements with two stop places comprise electromagnet, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, corrugated tube and bellows; Through control two bit motion elements on two stop places alternately, realize ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop three actions, that realizes the sour jujube bar advances, retreats and stop three actions; Be used for the elevation angle of solar panel is controlled; The control line of each electromagnet only needs two, and the control gas circuit of the cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel, and the control oil channel of the oil cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel; The two bit motion elements that have only two stop places are adopted in azimuthal control; Two bit motion elements with two stop places comprise electromagnet, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, corrugated tube and bellows; Through control two bit motion elements on two stop places alternately, realize ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop three actions, that realizes the sour jujube bar advances, retreats and stop three actions; Be used for the elevation angle and the position angle of solar panel are controlled; The control line of each electromagnet only needs two, and the control gas circuit of the cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel, and the control oil channel of the oil cylinder of band spring reset only needs one the tunnel; Regularly arranged in photovoltaic plant towards identical solar panel more than one; Their elevation angle is identical with the position angle; Can use a master controller and public operation circuit, control gas circuit or control oil channel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant.

2. the solar panel elevation angle and the azimuthal control method of being used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by the two bit motion elements that two stop places are arranged that electromagnet is formed, and the control ratchet and pawl; A power electromagnet and a directed electromagnetic component are arranged, and the coils from parallel connection of coils of power magnet spool and directed electromagnetic component or series connection provide direct current supply with two power lines; The suction of power electromagnet is put rotating torque to ratchet is provided; The power electromagnet is a spring reset, when directed electromagnetic component inserts the forward dc power supply or inserts reverse direct supply, can produce and attracts or repel two actions; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two power line power supplies, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two power line power supplies; Need four power lines just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four power lines; By the two bit motion elements that two stop places are arranged that electromagnet is formed, control sour jujube bar and ratchet have a power electromagnet and a directed electromagnetic component; The coils from parallel connection of coils of power magnet spool and directed electromagnetic component or series connection provide direct current supply with two power lines, and the suction of power electromagnet is put thrust to the sour jujube bar is provided; The power electromagnet is a spring reset, when directed electromagnetic component inserts forward dc power supply or reverse direct supply, can produce attraction or repel two actions; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thereby control the working direction of sour jujube bar, so just can realize advancing, retreat and stopping to control of a sour jujube bar; Moving forward and backward of sour jujube bar can realize the control to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two power line power supplies, moving forward and backward of sour jujube bar also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two power line power supplies; Need four power lines just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four control lines; First limit switch is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed contact of first limit switch is connected with first diode and formed first branch road, second limit switch of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normally closed contact of second limit switch is connected with second diode and is formed second branch road, is concatenated into after first branch road and second branch road are connected in parallel in two power lines controlling at the elevation angle and goes, and the conducting direction of first diode and second diode is opposite; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time; The normally closed contact of the normally closed contact of first limit switch and second limit switch is all closed, no matter two power lines apply forward voltage or apply reverse voltage, always a conducting is arranged in first diode and second diode; When the elevation angle upwards turns to topmost; The normally closed contact of first limit switch is opened, and first branch road breaks off, and has only second branch road to be serially connected in two power lines; The direction of second diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this, the supply voltage that rotates can be applied on two power lines, when the elevation angle upwards turns to bottom; The normally closed contact of second limit switch is opened; Second branch road breaks off, and has only first branch road to be serially connected in two power lines, and the direction of first diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, the supply voltage that upwards rotates can be applied on two power lines; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 3rd limit switch, and the normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch is connected with the 3rd diode and formed the 3rd branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 4th limit switch; The normally closed contact of the 4th limit switch is connected with the 4th diode and is formed the 4th branch road, is concatenated into after the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch road are connected in parallel in two power lines controlling at the position angle and goes, and the conducting direction of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode is opposite; When the position angle is in regional between low order end and the high order end; The normally closed contact of the normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch and the 4th limit switch is all closed, no matter two power lines apply forward voltage or apply reverse voltage, always a conducting is arranged in the 3rd diode and the 4th diode; When the position angle turns right low order end; The normally closed contact of the 3rd limit switch is opened, and the 3rd branch road breaks off, and has only the 4th branch road to be serially connected in two power lines; The direction of the 4th diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again, the supply voltage that turns left can be applied on two power lines, when the position angle turns left high order end; The normally closed contact of the 4th limit switch is opened; The 4th branch road breaks off, and has only the 3rd branch road to be serially connected in two power lines, and the direction of the 3rd diode should be able to be turn-offed the electric current of the direct supply of two power lines; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, the supply voltage that turns right can be applied on two power lines.

3. the solar panel elevation angle and the azimuthal control method of being used for according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the two bit motion elements of forming by cylinder that two stop places are arranged; The control ratchet and pawl has an actuating cylinder and a directed cylinder, and actuating cylinder is a spring reset; The air admission hole of actuating cylinder connects first gas circuit and second gas circuit respectively through two retaining valves; Any one tunnel gas circuit has air pressure can get into actuating cylinder, and the vent port of actuating cylinder is through vent valve emptying, and two pores of directed cylinder connect first gas circuit and second gas circuit respectively; Have first gas circuit and the second gas circuit two-way gas circuit air feed, actuating cylinder and directed cylinder can adopt straight line cylinder also can adopt rotary cylinder; When actuating cylinder and directed cylinder all adopt rotary cylinder, the rotation of actuating cylinder and return rotating torque to ratchet is provided, directed cylinder is by the first gas circuit air feed or the second gas circuit air feed; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; Actuating cylinder adopts straight line cylinder, when directed cylinder adopts rotary cylinder, and the release of actuating cylinder and return to ratchet rotating torque is provided; The first gas circuit air feed or the second gas circuit air feed of directed cylinder can produce two actions of forward or reverse, change the direction of ratchet with this action; Thereby the sense of rotation of control ratchet; So just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop control, ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle, need to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether, regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant towards identical more than one solar panel; Their elevation angle is identical with the position angle, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; When actuating cylinder and directed cylinder all adopt straight line cylinder; Directed cylinder becomes rectilinear motion through rack-and-pinion and rotatablely moves, the release of actuating cylinder and return to ratchet and rotating torque is provided, the first gas circuit air feed of directed cylinder or the second gas circuit air feed; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse of gear; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way gas circuit air feed, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way gas circuit air feed; Need four tunnel gas circuits just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four tunnel gas circuits; The first stroke valve is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve is connected with first retaining valve and formed first branch road, the second stroke valve of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normal open pipeline of the second stroke valve is connected with second retaining valve and is formed second branch road, is concatenated in first gas circuit of elevation angle control to go first retaining valve and second retaining valve in the opposite direction after first branch road and second branch road are connected in parallel; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve and the second stroke valve are no matter be that the first gas circuit air inlet, second gas circuit is given vent to anger; Still give vent to anger can both conducting for the second gas circuit air inlet, first gas circuit, a conducting is always arranged, in first retaining valve and second retaining valve when the elevation angle upwards turns to topmost; The normally closed pipeline of the first stroke valve breaks off, and first branch road breaks off, and has only second branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit; The flow direction of second retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this, the source of the gas that rotates can be applied on the gas circuit, when the elevation angle is pivotally lowered into bottom; The normally closed pipeline of the second stroke valve breaks off; Second branch road breaks off, and has only first branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit, and the flow direction of first retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, the source of the gas that upwards rotates can be applied on the gas circuit; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the third trip valve, and the normally closed pipeline of third trip valve is connected with the 3rd retaining valve and formed the 3rd branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed fourth line journey valve; The normal open pipeline of fourth line journey valve is connected with the 4th retaining valve and is formed the 4th branch road, is concatenated in the 3rd gas circuit of position angle control to go the 3rd retaining valve and the 4th retaining valve in the opposite direction after the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch road are connected in parallel; When the position angle was in regional between low order end and the high order end, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of third trip valve and fourth line journey valve were no matter be that the 3rd gas circuit air inlet the 4th gas circuit is given vent to anger; Still give vent to anger can both conducting for the 4th gas circuit air inlet the 3rd gas circuit, a conducting is always arranged, in the 3rd retaining valve and the 4th retaining valve when the position angle turns right low order end; The normally closed pipeline of third trip valve breaks off, and the 3rd branch road breaks off, and has only the 4th branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit; The flow direction of the 4th retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again, the source of the gas that turns left can be applied on the gas circuit, when the position angle turns left high order end; The normally closed pipeline of fourth line journey valve breaks off; The 4th branch road breaks off, and has only the 3rd branch road to be serially connected in the gas circuit, and the flow direction of the 3rd retaining valve should be able to turn-off the air-flow of gas circuit; Can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, the source of the gas that turns right can be applied on the gas circuit.

4. the solar panel elevation angle and the azimuthal control method of being used for according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the two bit motion elements of forming by hydraulic cylinder that two stop places are arranged; The control ratchet and pawl; A power hydraulic cylinder and an oriented liquid cylinder pressure are arranged, and power hydraulic cylinder is a spring reset, and the air admission hole of power hydraulic cylinder connects first oil circuit and second oil circuit respectively through the retaining valve of two reversal connections; Any road binders road has pressure can get into power hydraulic cylinder; Two oilholes of oriented liquid cylinder pressure connect first oil circuit and second oil circuit respectively, have first oil circuit and the second oil circuit two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, and power hydraulic cylinder and oriented liquid cylinder pressure can adopt the straight line hydraulic cylinder also can adopt the rotating hydraulic cylinder; When power hydraulic cylinder and oriented liquid cylinder pressure all adopt the rotating hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; Power hydraulic cylinder adopts the straight line hydraulic cylinder; When the oriented liquid cylinder pressure all adopts the rotating hydraulic cylinder, the release of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; When power hydraulic cylinder all adopts the straight line hydraulic cylinder; The release of power hydraulic cylinder and reset and to ratchet rotating torque is provided, oriented liquid cylinder pressure become rectilinear motion through rack-and-pinion and rotatablely move the first oil circuit fuel feeding of oriented liquid cylinder pressure or the second oil circuit fuel feeding; Can produce two actions of gear forward or reverse; Change the direction of ratchet with this action, thus the sense of rotation of control ratchet, so just can realize a ratchet just commentaries on classics, reverse and stop to control; Ratchet rotate and reverse the control that can realize to the solar panel elevation angle; Need to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding, rotating and reverse of ratchet also can realize the azimuthal control of solar panel, needs to use two-way oil circuit fuel feeding; Need four road binders roads just to realize the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control altogether; Regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant their elevation angle is identical with the position angle towards identical more than one solar panel, just can control the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant with a master controller and four road binders roads; The first hydraulic stroke valve is installed in the top of rotating at the solar panel elevation angle, and the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve is connected with first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and formed the first hydraulic pressure branch road, the second hydraulic stroke valve of installation bottom that rotates at the solar panel elevation angle; The normal open pipeline of the second hydraulic stroke valve is connected with second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and is formed the second hydraulic pressure branch road, is concatenated in first oil circuit of elevation angle control to go first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve in the opposite direction after the first hydraulic pressure branch road and the second hydraulic pressure branch road are connected in parallel; When the elevation angle be in topmost and bottom between regional the time, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve and the second hydraulic stroke valve are no matter be that the first oil circuit oil-feed, second oil circuit is fuel-displaced; Still the second oil circuit oil-feed, first oil circuit is fuel-displaced can both conducting; A conducting is always arranged in first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve, and when the elevation angle upwards turned to topmost, the normally closed pipeline of the first hydraulic stroke valve broke off; The first hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the second hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit, the flow direction of second hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee the elevation angle rotation that can not make progress again like this; The oil circuit that rotates can conducting; When the elevation angle was pivotally lowered into bottom, the normally closed pipeline of the second hydraulic stroke valve broke off, and the second hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the first hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit; The flow direction of first hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this elevation angle can not rotate again, and the oil circuit that upwards rotates can conducting; The low order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve, and the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve is connected with the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and formed the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road, and the high order end that rotates at the solar panel position angle is installed the 4th hydraulic stroke valve; The normal open pipeline of the 4th hydraulic stroke valve is connected with the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and is formed the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road, is concatenated in the 3rd oil circuit of position angle control to go the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve in the opposite direction after the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road and the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road are connected in parallel; When the position angle was in regional between low order end and the high order end, all conductings of normally closed pipeline of the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve and the 4th hydraulic stroke valve were no matter be that the 3rd hydraulic circuit oil-feed the 4th oil circuit is fuel-displaced; Still the 4th oil circuit oil-feed the 3rd oil circuit is fuel-displaced can both conducting; A conducting is always arranged in the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve and the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve, and when the position angle turned right low order end, the normally closed pipeline of the 3rd hydraulic stroke valve broke off; The 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit, the flow direction of the 4th hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn right again; The oil circuit that turns left can conducting; When the position angle turned left high order end, the normally closed pipeline of the 4th hydraulic stroke valve broke off, and the 4th hydraulic pressure branch road breaks off; Have only the 3rd hydraulic pressure branch road to be serially connected in the oil circuit; The flow direction of the 3rd hydraulically-controlled one-way valve should be able to turn-off oil circuit, can guarantee that like this position angle can not turn left again, and the oil circuit that turns right can conducting.

5. one kind is used for the solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control method; It is characterized in that: stepping motor is adopted in the control at the elevation angle; Conducting and outage combination through control step motor line loop current; Make stepping motor just change, stop and the operation of reversing, stepping motor is adopted in azimuthal control, through the conducting and the outage combination of control step motor line loop current; Make stepping motor just change, stop and the operation of reversing; The just commentaries on classics of two stepping motors, stop and reversing, just can accomplish a solar panel elevation angle and azimuthal control, regularly arranged in the photovoltaic plant towards identical more than one solar panel; Their elevation angle is identical with the position angle, just can realize the elevation angle and the position angle of all solar panels of a photovoltaic plant are controlled with a master controller and two power cables.