CN103172422B - The horizontal Reciprocatory of the broken last waste of a kind of stalk stirs equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal reciprocating mixing equipment for straw scraps and wastes, which is suitable for ingredient stirring and fermentation stirring in the resource utilization production of horticultural straw scraps and waste, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Including silo, belt feeder, mixing working bin, spiral mixing device, auxiliary feeder and humidifier. The invention controls the conveying speed and time of the belt feeder and weighs the stirring work chamber for the straw waste in the silo, and quantitatively feeds the stirring work chamber; the auxiliary feeder controls the rotation speed of the screw shaft and The corner is used to add quantitative auxiliary materials to the mixing chamber; the humidifier increases the humidity of the material through timing control of the metering pump; the horizontal spiral stirring device is driven to perform reciprocating stirring work by controlling the stirring control of the motor; The device rotates forward, so that the material after stirring in the mixing chamber is discharged quantitatively. The invention has high stirring efficiency, low power consumption, and integrated stirring and discharging.

Description

A horizontal reciprocating mixing equipment for straw waste

technical field

The invention relates to the engineering field of resource utilization of straw waste, in particular, it is suitable for batching stirring and fermentation stirring in production of horticultural straw waste substrate resource utilization, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Horticultural straw, especially tall cane straw, is particularly difficult to crush, decompose and absorb. Currently, there is a lack of on-site processing and utilization technology for horticultural straw, especially the technology and equipment to achieve substrate fertilizer through composting and fermentation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the utilization technology of horticultural straw in situ, develop special equipment suitable for substrate fertilizer processing of rattan high-stalk and high-moisture straw, improve the processing environment, reduce labor intensity, improve processing efficiency, reduce production costs, and promote Clean and efficient production and sustainable development of facility horticulture.

An important part of the on-site processing and utilization technology of straw scrap waste is fermentation treatment, including stacking fermentation and rapid fermentation in fermentation bins. Regardless of the kind of fermentation treatment, efficient and rapid stirring treatment is required. At present, there are very few researches on straw fermentation and agitation at home and abroad. The relevant research and achievements mainly include two aspects: one is the liquid fermentation agitation device. For many years, radial flow turbine agitators have been traditionally used at home and abroad. Since the 1980s, developed countries in the world have begun to study axial flow agitators and have achieved success. The second is the solid material turning and throwing machine. With the development of livestock and poultry manure composting technology, the market has developed a batch of special turning and throwing machines suitable for the treatment of livestock and poultry manure in my country. The turning and polishing machine is mainly divided into two types: trough type and non-groove bar stacking type. The trough turning and throwing machine is mainly composed of a frame, a walking system, a turning and throwing device, a transmission system and a power system, and is generally driven by electricity. Because the trough fermentation system has the advantages of small footprint, high compost depth and fast heating, the trough turning machine is widely used in Europe, and it is also the main turning equipment for livestock and poultry manure composting in my country. According to the different turning and throwing devices, it can be divided into drum type, spiral type and rotary cutting type. The non-slot stacking machine is mainly used for composting large-scale off-site stacks such as large farms. It does not need to build a fermentation tank, but the composting depth is low, the temperature rises slowly, and it takes up a lot of space. The factory environment is dirty and poor, and there are no slots. The stack turning machine is mainly composed of a walking drive tractor, a turning device and a transmission system, and is generally driven by an internal combustion engine. According to the different throwing devices, it can be divided into straddle type, spiral side type and lifting belt type.

The above mixing and throwing technologies and equipment are used for the fermentation and mixing of straw scrap waste, all of which have shortcomings such as large equipment footprint, high equipment cost, high energy consumption cost, large vibration, poor working environment, incomplete and uneven mixing, etc. , which limits the application and promotion of on-site processing and utilization of straw scrap waste. For this reason, there is an urgent need to research and develop small, efficient, time-saving and labor-saving special equipment for fermenting and mixing straw scrap waste.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a small, efficient, time-saving and labor-saving straw powder, aiming at the shortage of special mixing equipment and the problems of large power consumption, high use cost, incomplete and uneven mixing of general-purpose mixing equipment in the current resource utilization of straw waste. Horizontal reciprocating mixing equipment for waste fermentation.

The technical solution adopted by the horizontal reciprocating mixing equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention is: including a feed bin, a belt feeder, a mixing work bin, an auxiliary feeder, a humidifier, a horizontal spiral stirring device, and the like. The positional relationship of each component is: the silo is located above the belt feeder, the belt feeder is between the silo and the mixing working bin, and connects the outlet of the feeding bin with the main feeding port of the mixing working bin; above the mixing working bin There are main feeding port, auxiliary feeding port and humidifying port, the mixing working chamber is connected with the auxiliary feeding machine through the auxiliary feeding port, and the mixing working chamber is connected with the humidifier through the humidifying port; the lower part of the stirring working chamber is provided with a humidity detection port and residual liquid The mixing chamber is connected to the humidity detection device through the humidity detection port, and the mixing chamber is connected to the residual liquid storage through the residual liquid discharge port; the left end cover of the stirring work chamber is equipped with a stirring control motor; the lower part of the right end cover of the stirring work chamber is set There is a discharge port and a discharge door.

The belt feeding machine of the present invention adopts the drive servo motor to drive the belt quantitative feeding device for feeding, the lower end feeding port is set at the lower end of the feeding port of the silo, the upper end feeding port is aligned with the main feeding port of the mixing working chamber, and the upper end feeding port passes through The soft pipe communicates with the main feeding port of the stirring working chamber.

The stirring working chamber of the present invention adopts a horizontal reciprocating stirring working mode, and is supported on the frame by four weighing sensors, and a horizontal spiral stirring device is arranged inside it, and the horizontal spiral stirring device drives the main shaft by driving a servo motor and drives The stirring blades installed on the main shaft rotate; the forward and reverse rotation of the motor is controlled by stirring, and the reciprocating stirring work is performed. The lower part of the right end cover of the mixing chamber is provided with a discharge port and a discharge door. When the discharge door is opened, the stirring control motor rotates forward to realize the discharge of the stirring work chamber.

The auxiliary feeder of the present invention comprises an auxiliary feeder, a screw quantitative feeding device and its drive servo motor, etc., the auxiliary feeder is installed above the screw quantitative feeder, and the screw quantitative feeder is connected to the auxiliary feeder port of the working chamber through its outlet. connect.

The humidifier of the present invention includes a water tank, a water mist metering pump, and a water mist nozzle. On the humidification port of the stirring working chamber, the water mist nozzle is inserted into the working chamber.

The horizontal spiral stirring device of the present invention includes stirring blades, a driving servo motor, a main shaft and the like.

The working process of the horizontal reciprocating mixing equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention is characterized in that: for the straw scraps and wastes in the silo, the conveying speed and time of the belt feeder are controlled, and the weighing of the stirring working bin is carried out. Quantitative main feeding to the mixing chamber; the auxiliary feeding machine adopts the screw quantitative feeding method, by controlling the screw shaft speed and rotation angle, quantitative auxiliary feeding such as solid fermentation bacteria material and manure and other organic fertilizers is carried out to the mixing chamber; the humidifier is based on the working chamber The humidity detection information of the internal material, using the water mist metering pump, through the timing control of the metering pump, increases the humidity (moisture) of the material; by controlling the stirring to control the forward and reverse of the motor, it drives the horizontal spiral stirring device to perform reciprocating stirring work; finally Open the discharge door, and control the forward rotation of the horizontal spiral stirring device, so that the material after stirring in the stirring working chamber is discharged quantitatively, so as to further carry out composting and fermentation processing.

Compared with the existing mixers and turning machines, the horizontal reciprocating stirring equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention is small in size and high in automation, and has the advantages of organic wastes such as straw scraps, solid fermentation bacteria and feces. It has functions such as quantitative batching of fertilizers and humidification, and has high mixing efficiency, low power consumption, integrated mixing and discharging, and a good working environment. It is suitable for various farmers to realize on-site straw matrix production, and has high application and promotion value.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the horizontal reciprocating stirring equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial view of A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a view from direction B in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a left view of the stirring working chamber in Fig. 1 .

In the figure, 1 is the silo, 11 is the outlet of the silo; 2 is the belt feeding machine, 21 is the feeding port of the belt feeding machine, 22 is the quantitative feeding device of the belt, 23 is the servo motor of the belt feeding machine, and 24 is Frame of the belt feeder, 25 is the outlet of the belt feeder, 26 is the soft pipe; 3 is the mixing chamber, 31 is the main feeding port, 32 is the humidifying port, 33 is the auxiliary feeding port, 34 is the humidity detection 35 is the residual liquid discharge port, 36 is the humidity detection device, 37 is the load cell, 38 is the residual liquid storage, 39 is the left compartment cover, 310 is the right compartment cover, 311 is the discharge door, 312 is the discharge port , 313 is the rack of the stirring work chamber; 4 is the spiral stirring device, 41 is the stirring control motor, 42 is the main shaft, 43 is the stirring blade, 44 is the adjusting thimble; 5 is the auxiliary feeder, 51 is the auxiliary feeder, 52 is the screw Quantitative feeder, 53 is the auxiliary feeder outlet, 54 is the stepper motor of the auxiliary feeder; 6 is the humidifier, 61 is the water tank, 62 is the water mist metering pump, and 63 is the water mist nozzle.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the horizontal reciprocating stirring equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention includes a feed bin 1, a belt feeder 2, a stirring working bin 3, a spiral stirring device 4, an auxiliary feeding Machine 5 and humidifier 6 etc. are formed. The positional relationship of each component is: silo 1 is located above the belt feeder 2, and the belt feeder 2 is between the silo 1 and the mixing chamber 3. Port 31 is connected; in addition to the main feeding port 31, an auxiliary feeding port 33 and a humidifying port 32 are provided on the top of the stirring work chamber 3. The stirring work chamber 3 is connected with the auxiliary feeder 5 through the auxiliary feeding port 33, and the stirring work chamber 3 is connected to the humidifier 6 through the humidifying port 32; the stirring working compartment 3 includes a left compartment cover 39, a right compartment cover 310 and a horizontal spiral stirring device 4, and the left compartment cover 39 and the right compartment cover 310 are respectively connected with the horizontal spiral stirring device The left and right ends of the device 4 are connected, a stirring control motor 41 is arranged on the left compartment cover 39, and the stirring control motor 41 drives the stirring blade 43 in the stirring working compartment 3 to rotate through the main shaft 42, and a discharge port 312 is arranged at the bottom of the right compartment cover 310 And the discharge door 311, the opening and closing of the discharge port 312 is controlled by the discharge door 311; three humidity detection ports 34 and a residual liquid discharge port 35 are arranged below the stirring work chamber 3, and the humidity detection port 34 is connected to the humidity detection device 36 , the residual liquid outlet 35 is connected to the residual liquid storage 38 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the belt feeder 2 of the present invention adopts a drive servo motor 23 to drive the belt quantitative feeding device 22 to feed, the lower end feed port 21 is connected to the feed bin 1 discharge port 11, and the upper end discharge port 25 pairs The main feeding port 31 of the quasi-stirring working bin 3, and the upper discharge port 25 communicates with the main feeding port 31 of the mixing working bin 3 through a flexible pipe 26.

As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the stirring work chamber 3 of the present invention is supported on the frame 313 by four load cells 37, and the top of the stirring work chamber 3 is provided with a main feeding port 31, an auxiliary feeding port 33 and a humidification system. port 32, the mixing work chamber 3 is connected with the belt feeder 2 through the main feeding port 31, the stirring work chamber 3 is connected with the auxiliary feeding machine 5 through the auxiliary feeding port 33, and the stirring work chamber 3 is connected with the humidifier 6 through the humidifying port 32; A residual liquid discharge port 35 and a humidity detection port 34 are arranged below the stirring work chamber 3, the stirring work chamber 3 is connected with the residual liquid storage 38 through the residual liquid discharge port 35, and a humidity detection device 36 is installed through the humidity detection port 34; 3. The stirring control motor 41 is arranged on the left compartment cover 32, and the stirring control motor 41 is connected with the screw stirring device 4 in the stirring working compartment 3 through the main shaft 42; The material door 35 and the discharge door 35 are used for the opening and closing of the discharge port 311; the inside of the mixing chamber 3 is provided with a spiral stirring device 4, and the spiral stirring device 4 includes a main shaft 42, a stirring blade 43 and a stirring control motor 41 thereof, The spiral stirring device 4 drives the main shaft 42 through the stirring control motor 41 and drives the stirring blade 43 arranged on the main shaft 42 to rotate. When the discharge door 311 of the stirring working chamber 3 is closed, the stirring control motor 41 rotates forward and backward to make the spiral stirring device 4 Realize the reciprocating stirring and mixing of straw waste. When the discharge door 311 is opened, the stirring control motor 41 rotates forward, and the spiral stirring blade 43 pushes the evenly mixed straw waste out of the mixing chamber 3 through the discharge port 312 .

As shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary feeder 5 of the present invention includes an auxiliary feeder 51, a screw quantitative feeding device 52 and its auxiliary feeder stepping motor 54, etc., the auxiliary feeder 51 is installed above the screw quantitative feeding device 52, and the screw The quantitative feeding device 52 is hard connected with the auxiliary feeding port 33 of the stirring working chamber 3 through its discharge port 53 .

As shown in Figure 4, the humidifier 6 of the present invention includes a water tank 61, a water mist metering pump 62 and a water mist nozzle 63, etc., the humidifier 6 is located above the mixing chamber 3, and the water outlet at the bottom of the water tank 61 is connected to the water spray The mist metering pump 62 and the water mist metering pump 62 are installed on the humidifying port 32 of the mixing chamber 3 through a soft water pipe, and the water mist nozzle 63 is inserted into the stirring chamber 3 .

The working process of the horizontal reciprocating stirring equipment for straw scraps and wastes of the present invention is as follows:

The first step is to carry out quantitative and main feeding of the straw waste in the bin by controlling the speed and time of the belt feeder and weighing the mixing bin;

In the second step, by controlling the rotation speed and rotation angle of the screw shaft of the auxiliary feeder, quantitative auxiliary feeding such as solid fermentation bacteria material and manure and other organic fertilizers is carried out to the mixing chamber for quantitative batching;

The third step is to increase the humidity (moisture) of the material through timing control of the metering pump according to the humidity detection information of the material in the mixing chamber, and at the same time control the stirring speed and direction of the stirring rotation of the spiral stirring device in the working chamber according to the amount of straw waste and mixing time, so that the straw waste is evenly stirred back and forth, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of mixing;

The fourth step is to open the discharge door of the mixing chamber, and control the rotation speed and rotation angle of the screw shaft of the screw stirring device, so that the materials in the mixing chamber can be discharged quantitatively for further composting and fermentation treatment.

Claims (1)

1. the horizontal Reciprocatory of the broken last waste of stalk stirs equipment, it is characterized in that, comprises feed bin (1), belt material-feeding machine (2), stirring working bin (3), spiral agitator (4), auxiliary charging machine (5) and humidifier (6), described feed bin (1) is positioned at belt material-feeding machine (2) top, described belt material-feeding machine (2) is positioned at feed bin (1) and stirs between working bin (3), and the discharge port (11) of feed bin (1) and the main charging opening (31) stirring working bin (3) couple together by described belt material-feeding machine (2), described main charging opening (31) is arranged on stirs working bin (3) top, described stirring working bin (3) top is also provided with auxiliary charging opening (33) and humidification port (32), stir working bin (3) to be connected with auxiliary charging machine (5) by auxiliary charging opening (33), stir working bin (3) and be connected with humidifier (6) by humidification port (32), stir working bin (3) and comprise left Cang Gai (39), right Cang Gai (310) and horizontal spiral whipping appts (4), described left Cang Gai (39) is connected with the two ends, left and right of horizontal spiral whipping appts (4) respectively with right Cang Gai (310), left Cang Gai (39) arranges mixing control motor (41), mixing control motor (41) is connected with stirring working bin (3) internal screw whipping appts (4) by main shaft (42), mixing control motor (41) is driven by main shaft (42) and stirs working bin (3) interior agitating vane (43) rotation, discharge port (312) and discharge door (311) is provided with in right Cang Gai (310) bottom, discharge door (311) controls the keying of discharge port (312), stirring working bin (3) below is provided with residual liquid discharge port (35) and three Humidity Detection mouths (34), and described Humidity Detection mouth (34) is connected with humidity detector (36), and residual liquid discharge port (35) is connected with raffinate holder (38), described stirring working bin (3) is supported in frame (313) by 4 LOAD CELLS (37), described auxiliary charging machine (5) comprises auxiliary feed bin (51), spiral quantitative feeding device (52) and auxiliary charging machine stepper-motor (54) thereof, described auxiliary feed bin (51) is arranged on spiral quantitative feeding device (52) top, and spiral quantitative feeding device (52) is by its discharge port (53) and auxiliary charging opening (33) Hard link stirring working bin (3), described humidifier (6) comprises sump (61), atomized water spray volume pump (62) and waterfog head (63), humidifier (6) is positioned at and stirs working bin (3) top, the water outlet of sump (61) bottom connects atomized water spray volume pump (62), atomized water spray volume pump (62) is arranged in the humidification port (32) of stirring working bin (3) by hose, and waterfog head (63) inserts and stirs in working bin (3), described spiral agitator (4) comprises main shaft (42), agitating vane (43) and mixing control motor (41) thereof, described main shaft (42) horizontal cross is arranged, spiral agitator (4) is by mixing control motor (41) drive shaft (42) and agitating vane (43) rotation on main shaft (42) is located in drive, when stirring working bin (3) discharge door (311) and being closed, by mixing control motor (41) rotating, make back and forth being uniformly mixed of spiral agitator (4) straw refuse, when discharge door (311) is opened, rotated forward by mixing control motor (41), the straw refuse mixed is released by discharge port (312) and is stirred working bin (3) by helical mixing blade (43), described belt material-feeding machine (2) adopts and drives servomotor (23) to drive belt dosing device (22) to feed in raw material, lower end opening for feed (21) is arranged at discharge port (11) lower end of feed bin (1), upper end discharge port (25) is aimed at and is stirred working bin (3) main charging opening (31), and upper end discharge port (25) is connected with stirring working bin (3) main charging opening (31) by soft pipeline (26).