CN103159526A

CN103159526A - Method for producing oyster mushroom adding compost by using vinegar residues and peanut shells to serve as raw materials after joint processing

Info

Publication number: CN103159526A
Application number: CN2011104301381A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 詹文圆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-16
Filing date: 2011-12-16
Publication date: 2013-06-19

Abstract

The invention relates to the technology for producing high-quality oyster mushroom adding compost by using peanut shells and vinegar residues to serve as raw materials after joint processing and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method can be applied to production of the oyster mushroom adding compost. The acid-alkali treatment, puffing drying processing and supplement nutrient adding processing are carried out on the two normal agricultural and food industrial leftovers including the peanut shells and the vinegar residues to produce the high-quality oyster mushroom adding compost, effects of increasing 5%-10% of the production are achieved on the basis of reducing compost raw material cost by more than 20%. The method solves the problem that the existing using ratio of the peanut shells and acid sludge is low, environmental pollution is serious and the like, turns waste into wealth and is high in social and economic benefits.

Description

A kind of method of producing flat mushroom interpolation culture material as main raw material take vinegar grain and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae after combination treatment

Technical field

This patent is a kind of technology of adding culture material for production high-quality flat mushroom in field of agricultural production technologies, belongs to the Edible Fungi technology category in agricultural technology field.

Background technology

Flat mushroom, be under the jurisdiction of the white mushroom of Mycophyta Basidiomycetes Agaricales section pleurotus in taxology, formal name used at school: [Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummer], Chinese trade(brand)name: flat mushroom, local name: Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, oyster bacterium etc. are to cultivate edible mushrooms widely.

Flat mushroom contains abundant nutritive substance, and every hectogram contains protein 20-23 gram in product, and the aminoacid component A wide selection of colours and designs, and content of mineral substances is very abundant.

Tradition flat mushroom substratum main raw material is cotton seed hulls (90%-95%), wheat bran or Semen Maydis powder (5%-10%), its raw materials cost is higher, and due to reasons such as weather, conditions of storage, has the defective of the aspects such as quality unstable (moisture high, go mouldy).

The vinegar grain refer to rice, wheat, Chinese sorghum etc. make after vinegar remaining residue, through check, its pH value is 3-4, and air-dry rear main component is: moisture 13%, crude protein 21%%, coarse ash 20% left and right, robust fibre 12%, nitrogen-free extract 40% left and right, its characteristics are that crude fiber content is low, crude protein, coarse ash (mineral element) content is high, and the relative merits that are applied in the flat mushroom production process are as described below:

Advantage: 1. acid-sludge is the product of processing by fermentation, through once degraded, is applied to be easy to be absorbed by mycelia in flat mushroom production in its main component macromolecular substance.

2. its crude protein content more than 30%, is more outstanding culture medium of edible fungus nitrogenous source higher than the major nitrogen source wheat bran of traditional culture material

3. foodstuffs industry tankage cheaply even can freely obtain.

Shortcoming: 1. acid-sludge pH value is less than normal, and being applied to needs through alkalinisation treatment in Edible Fungi

2. the acid-sludge crude protein content is high, and crude fiber content is too low, in the edible mushrooms culturing process, shows as vegetative growth phase too vigorous, and the consumption carbon source is too much, and the fruiting middle and later periods lacks of staying power, and output is on the low side.

3. material is meticulous, and after pack, the material ventilation property is poor.

Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is the shell of peanut.The peanut fruit is pod, and shape has silk cocoon shape, beading shape and hockey stick shape.The color of shell mostly is yellow-white, and tawny, brown or yellow are also arranged, and this kind and soil property with peanut is relevant.Its main component is: moisture 10%, crude protein 7.7%, crude fat (being mainly wax layer) 5.9, robust fibre 59.9, nitrogen-free extract 10.4, coarse ash 6%, its characteristics are that crude fiber content is high, wherein 40% is the xylogen of difficult degradation, and being applied to has following relative merits in the Edible Fungi process:

Advantage: 1. cheap, wide material sources, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae account for 40% of peanut weight, and national annual production is more than 1,000 ten thousand tons, and current processing mode mostly is burning.

2. crude fiber content is abundant, is applied in Edible Fungi, is embodied in the carbon source abundance, and has good fruiting reserve strength.

3. crude protein and crude fat content are all higher than traditional edible fungi raw materials cotton seed hulls.

Shortcoming: 1. in crude fiber content, macromole hard-degraded substance content of lignin is too high, accounts for more than 27% of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae dry weight.

2. the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae top layer is wax layer, and hypha of edible fungus infiltration growth is had inhibition.

3. the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae xylogen is in conjunction with tight, and Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose that edible mushrooms is easily absorbed tightly are included, and causes hypha of edible fungus field planting difficulty.

In sum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and acid-sludge are applied to the mushroom cultivation material field, all exist separately advantage and defective, therefore in the mushroom cultivation material production process, need to process with composite above two kinds of raw materials.

Summary of the invention

The present technique main contents are as described below:

The main summary of the invention of this patent is divided into three parts

1. after Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is pulverized in the acid-alkali pre-treatment, mix with acid-sludge, utilize the organic acid in acid-sludge to carry out acid treatment to Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, play the effect of preliminarily softened and lignin degrading, simultaneously by the water-absorbent of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, reduce the water content of bright vinegar grain, subsequently by admixing unslaked lime, mixture is alkalized, the robust fibre in the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae of further degrading and xylogen

2. expanded Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae-acid-sludge mixing raw material is carried out explosion puffing drying, make the raw material mix loose easy suction that becomes, simultaneously the raw material water content is reduced to below safety standards.

3. add the plain characteristic according to Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and vinegar grain that supplements the nutrients, add the nutritive ingredients such as vitimin supplement and trace element.

example: will be through the acid-alkali pre-treatment, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae after puffing and interpolation nutrient substance-acid-sludge mixture is applied in mushroom cultivation material production, balanced (the crude protein 9% of its nutritional sufficiency and all kinds of nutrition composition, crude fat 4%, robust fibre 45%, nitrogen-free extract 20%, coarse ash 9%), and physical behavior is loose, the water holding water retention capacity is strong, addition is 30%-40% in mushroom cultivation material, all the other can add the raw materials such as the corn cob of 60%-70% and cotton seed hulls, compare (cotton seed hulls 90% with traditional raw material, wheat bran 10%), cost is more than 20%, and output increases 5%-10%.

Embodiment

The concrete implementation and operation step of present technique is as follows:

1. raw material acid-alkali pre-treatment

1) the dry product peanut hull meal is broken to the particle of 1-2MM, sieves.

2) with the acid-sludge of water content 65% left and right with pulverize after peanut hull meal mixes according to the ratio of 1: 1, after standing 24 hours, admix the unslaked lime of 5%-6% after mixing, stir, raw material pH value is adjusted to about 8-9 standing 12-24 hour.

2. raw material puffed processing

Be about 30% through the pretreated raw material water content of acid-alkali, that material carries out expanded suitable humidity just, after material is sieved, (1-2mm) is expanded through special robust fibre extruder High Temperature High Pressure (200 ℃), and the discharge port granularity is 3-4mm, and moisture content is below 12.

3. add the element that supplements the nutrients

1. add a certain proportion of fat-soluble vitamin B group, vitamin-E and vitamins C, three biostearin total addition levels are 0.1%-0.2%.。

2. add a certain proportion of trace element (element such as calcium magnesium phosphorus, total amount is 3%).

Claims

Claimed with Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and acid-sludge two classes agriculturals and foodstuffs industry tankage as the use of raw material in flat mushroom interpolation culture material.
Claimed with Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and acid-sludge two classes agriculturals and foodstuffs industry tankage as the acid-alkali pretreatment process of raw material in making flat mushroom interpolation culture material.
Claimed with Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and acid-sludge two classes agriculturals and foodstuffs industry tankage as the explosion puffing drying treatment process of raw material in making flat mushroom interpolation culture material.
4. claimedly making the interpolation of flat mushroom in the adding culture material plain treatment process that supplements the nutrients with Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and acid-sludge two classes agriculturals and foodstuffs industry tankage as raw material.