CN103155801A

CN103155801A - Method for producing oyster mushroom culture medium by using blue-green algae and sawdust to serve as main raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN103155801A
Application number: CN 201110430333
Authority: CN
Inventors: 詹文圆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-16
Filing date: 2011-12-16
Publication date: 2013-06-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an oyster mushroom culture medium by using blue-green algae and sawdust to serve as main raw materials and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method can be applied to production of the oyster mushroom culture medium. The method comprises the following steps of conducting extruding dehydration on the blue-green algae, mixing the blue-green algae with the broad leaf tree sawdust with the moisture content of about 20% according to the proportion of 1:1.5, using special microbial population aerobic fermentation to conduct detoxification processing, adding about 1% of glucose, 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate, 1% of gypsum and 0.1% of magnesium phosphate, and producing the oyster mushroom culture medium. Effects of increasing 10-20% of the production are achieved on the basis of reducing compost raw material cost by more than 50%. The method solves the problem that the blue-green algae and the broad leaf tree sawdust are low in using rate, environmental pollution is serious and the like at present, turns waste into wealth and is high in social and economic benefits.

Description

A kind of method take blue-green algae and wood chip as main material production flat mushroom medium

Technical field

This patent is a kind of technology for production high-quality flat mushroom medium in field of agricultural production technologies.Belong to the technical field of edible fungi production in agrotechnique

Background technology

Flat mushroom is under the jurisdiction of the white mushroom of Eumycota Basidiomycetes Agaricales section Pleurotus, formal name used at school in biosystematics: [Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummer], Chinese trade name: flat mushroom, local name: Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, oyster bacterium etc.It is to cultivate edible mushroom widely.

Flat mushroom contains abundant nutriment, and every hectogram contains protein 20-23 gram in product, and the aminoacid ingredient A wide selection of colours and designs, and content of mineral substances is very abundant.The flat mushroom nature and flavor are sweet, warm.The effect of have wind-evil dispelling and cold-evil expelling, stimulating the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax.With the dried illnesss such as lumbocrural pain, numb in every limb, grain is obstructed of controlling.

Proteoglycan body in flat mushroom has very strong inhibitory action to cancer cell, can the enhanced machine body immunity function.Normal food flat mushroom can not only play the metabolism that improves human body, the effect of regulating plant nerve, and to reducing the human serum cholesterol, reducing blood pressure and prevent and treat hepatitis, stomach ulcer.Duodenal ulcer, hypertension etc. have obvious effect.In addition, to pre-anti-cancer, regulate climacteric metancholia of women, improve human body metabolism, certain benefit of building up health.

Blue-green algae is prokaryotes, cries again blue-green alge, cyanobacteria; The colloid clothing is arranged outside the cell wall of most of blue-green algaes, therefore be again Myxophyceae.In all algae bios, blue-green algae is simple, the most original a kind of.Blue-green algae is unicellular organism, there is no cell nucleus, but nuclear matter is contained in cell central authorities, usually is graininess or netted, and chromatin and pigment are evenly distributed in cytoplasm.This nuclear matter does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has the function of core, therefore be called protokaryon (or nucleoid).Also have a kind of cyclic DNA---plasmid in blue-green algae, taken on the effect of carrier in gene engineering.The same with bacterium, blue-green algae belongs to " prokaryotes ".

The blue-green algae nutritive value is abundant, ether acid blue algae is example, obtain it through check and contain protein (40%), mainly by isoleucine (isoleucine), leucine (leucine), lysine (lysine), methionine (methionine), phenyl alanine (phenylalanine), threonine (threonine), tryptophan (tryptophane), the compositions such as valine (valine).In addition, also fatty (content is at 4%-4.5%), carbohydrate (16%-17%), chlorophyll, carotenoid, phycocyanobilin, vitamin (vitamin) A, B1.B2.B6.B12.E, nicotinic acid (nicotinic acid), creatine (creatine), gamma-Linolenic acid (γ-linolenic acid), calcium pantothenate, folic acid (folic acid) and calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium etc.

But simultaneously because the microcystis kutz in blue-green algae contains Microcystin (MC.), the class ring-type seven peptide hepatotoxin that Anabaena, Oscillatoria and Nostoc produce, can be by the activity of Profilin phosphatase, the acute poisoning that causes domestic animal and the mankind, the blue-green algae of therefore using in the composts or fertilisers of cultivating production process at first must be through detoxification treatment.

Because flat mushroom belongs to wood decay fungi, decompose the raw fiber ability stronger, so carbon source is take the leaf wood wood chip as main, nitrogenous source is provided by the high protein blue-green algae.

Summary of the invention

the present technique main contents are take dewater pretreated blue-green algae and leaf wood wood chip as raw material, after mixing, certain proportion adopt pseudomonas aeruginosa genus and Sphingomonas to process as main specified microorganisms population carries out aerobic fermentation, and the nutrition required according to all kinds of edible mushrooms is different after fermentation is completed, add multiple constant and micronutrient element, production can use with wooden rotten edible mushroom production field in high-quality flat mushroom medium, substitute traditional culture medium of edible fungus raw materials for production (being mainly cotton seed hulls and wheat bran etc.), reducing on the basis of culture medium raw material cost more than 50%, shorten incubation time 10～20%, reach the effect of volume increase 10～20%.Turn waste into wealth thereby reach, increase social and economic benefits, the purpose of environmental contamination reduction.

For example: after blue-green algae process dehydration processing, mixing after fermentation with wood chip with the ratio of 1: 1.5 processes, ferment approximately after 15-20 days, adjust its C/N ratio and reach the optimum C/N ratio of mushroom growth 40: 1, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the salts substances such as superphosphate, be used for flat mushroom production, its cost of material reduces by 50%, and incubation time reduces 10%, and output increases by 20%.

Embodiment

The concrete implementation and operation step of present technique is as follows:

Pretreatment of raw material:

By belt extrusion dehydration mode, blue-green algae moisture is reduced to 65%.

Blue-green algae after dehydration processing mixes with the leaf wood wood chip that water content is 20% left and right, the C/N ratio required according to the flat mushroom medium, determine that mixed proportion is 1: 1.5, add pseudomonas aeruginosa genus and Sphingomonas specified microorganisms population and carry out the aerobic fermentation processing, determine fermentation time according to the real attenuation effect, generally at about 10-20 days.

Add lime in fermentation process, the pH value of raw material controls to 7 left and right with fermenting afterwards.

The configuration of flat mushroom composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom

With raw material after pretreatment, measure index of correlation (C/N ratio, fat, raw fiber, required trace element etc.), and required according to the growth of flat mushroom, add the glucose of 1% left and right, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% gypsum.0.1% magnesium phosphate.

The preparation of medium, packing

To through the mixed material after upper two step process, adopt the modes such as machinery or artificial pack that raw material is filled into and make culture medium of edible fungus packaging bag (being generally the bacterium bar form).

Claims

Claimed with blue-green algae and leaf wood wood chip two class raw materials as the use of raw material in the flat mushroom medium.
Claimed with blue-green algae and leaf wood wood chip two class raw materials as raw material in making the flat mushroom medium separately preparation and mix using method.