CN103148798A - Method and device for measuring three fields independently and synchronously in real time by using three-dimensional digital speckle pattern interferometry - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring three fields independently and synchronously in real time by using three-dimensional digital speckle pattern interferometry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring three fields independently and synchronously in real time by using three-dimensional digital speckle pattern interferometry. The measurement device comprises three independent digital speckle pattern interferometric light paths. The method comprises the following steps of: synchronously acquiring three images of a measured object which is undeformed as reference images and three real-time images of the measured object which is deformed by using the three independent digital speckle pattern interferometric light paths, and subtracting the reference images from the corresponding real-time images to obtain three real-time speckle pattern interferometric fringe patterns; accurately acquiring a plurality of speckle pattern interferometric fringe patterns with equal phase shift, and extracting three phase images of the measured object which is deformed by using a phase shift algorithm; unpacking the three phase images by using a computer to further obtain three continuous phase unwrapping patterns; and calculating three-dimensional displacement components of the measured object by using the phase unwrapping patterns respectively. Three displacement sub-fields can be measured synchronously and independently in real time, and the method and the device are applied to dynamic problems as well as the accurate phase measurement of three-dimensional displacement sub-fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt 3-dimensional digital speckle interference technology that object dimensional is out of shape
,
With
Carry out method and apparatus independent, synchronous and that measure in real time Deng three displacement branches, belong to digital speckle interference 3 D deformation field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Therefore the distortion that occurs due to object is all 3 D deformation usually, adopts the digital speckle interference technology to carry out method and apparatus research that 3 D deformation measures and has important academic significance and using value widely.
Digital speckle interference 3 D deformation measuring technique mainly contains two classes at present: the coplanar three light-beam digital speckle interference measuring techniques of first kind right and wrong, three displacement branches that this technology obtains intercouple, not independent, therefore need could separate three displacement branches by subsequent calculations, this technology tends to the larger error of generation; Equations of The Second Kind is the combination of a peacekeeping two-dimensional digital speckle interference measuring technique, the frequent handover measurement light path of this Technology Need just can obtain the three-D displacement branch, and the acoplanarity displacement branch is not independent, needs the later stage separating treatment yet, just can obtain independently acoplanarity displacement branch.
In sum, prior art all can not be accomplished the independent, synchronous of three displacement branches and measured, thereby seriously hindered in real time the application of digital speckle interference technology in 3 D deformation is measured.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that prior art all can not be accomplished the independent, synchronous of three displacement branches and measure in real time.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: three independences of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference, synchronous and real-time measurement apparatus, and described device comprises three digital speckle interference light paths; Digital speckle interference light path I: comprise a CCD imaging system, laser instrument and beam splitter, described beam splitter and a CCD imaging system coaxial arrangement point-blank, the back side of the reference surface of beam splitter is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter; Digital speckle interference light path II: comprise the 2nd CCD imaging system, two sides plane mirror, right angle triangular prism that is all-trans, the two sides plane mirror is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 2nd CCD imaging system horizontal direction respectively, one side in the plane mirror of two sides, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter; Digital speckle interference light path III: comprise the 3rd CCD imaging system, two sides plane mirror, right angle triangular prism that is all-trans, the two sides plane mirror is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 3rd CCD imaging system vertical direction respectively, one side in the plane mirror of two sides, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter; Aforementioned three equal coaxial arrangement of CCD imaging system point-blank, and three CCD imaging systems all are connected with image pick-up card; Described piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter is connected with computing machine by D.C. regulated power supply.
If the measured object picture that receives in two plane mirrors in digital speckle interference light path II and digital speckle interference light path III overlaps, can realize the measurement of in-plane displacement level, vertical direction component; If the measured object picture that receives staggers slightly, can realize the disposable measurement of acoplanarity displacement component level, vertical direction derivative; The present invention can carry out testee respectively by three digital speckle interference light paths are set
,
With
Deng the independent, synchronous of three displacement branches with measure in real time; And the reference surface translation slight distance that drives plane mirror and beam splitter by computer control electroceramics phase-shifter produces phase shift, and the accuracy of experimental result improves greatly.
For guaranteeing the visual field in the same size of three CCD imaging systems, aforementioned CCD imaging system includes a CCD and a variable focus imaging lens, and variable focus imaging lens is attached thereto by the interface of CCD front portion.
A kind of three independences of described 3-dimensional digital speckle interference, the 3-dimensional digital speckle interference measuring method that synchronous and real-time measurement apparatus is realized of adopting, comprise following process: A) before the measured object load deflection, three CCD imaging system synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images are as the reference image; B) after the measured object load deflection, then synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images and the reference picture corresponding with it subtract each other in real time, obtains three width real time speckle interference fringe pictures; C) utilize computer control piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter accurately to gather the speckle interference fringe pattern that several such as have at phase-shift phase, extract three amplitude phase diagrams after the measured object distortion by phase shift algorithm; D) by computing machine, above-mentioned three amplitude phase diagrams are made respectively the solution parcel and process, can further obtain the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution; E) utilize the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution to calculate respectively the three-D displacement component of measured object.
Advantage of the present invention is: can carry out the synchro measure of three displacement branches, not need revision test; Can carry out the independent measurement of three displacement branches, not need later separation; Can carry out the real-time measurement of three displacement branches, be applicable to dynamic problem.In addition, this technology is by adopting the phase shift interference technology can also carry out the precise phase measurement of three-D displacement branch.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference of the present invention measurement mechanism structural representation.
In figure: 1 is laser instrument, and 2 to 4 is the CCD imaging system, and 5 is plane mirror, and 6 are the right angle triangular prism that is all-trans, and 7 are the beam splitter with phase changer, and 8 is measured object.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, device of the present invention comprises three digital speckle interference light paths:
Digital speckle interference light path I: comprise a CCD imaging system 2, laser instrument 1 and beam splitter 7, described beam splitter 7 and CCD imaging system 2 coaxial arrangement point-blank, the back side of the reference surface of beam splitter 7 is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter.
Digital speckle interference light path II: comprise the 2nd CCD imaging system 3, two sides plane mirror 5, right angle triangular prism 6 that is all-trans, two sides plane mirror 5 is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 2nd CCD imaging system 3 horizontal directions respectively; One side in two sides plane mirror 5, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter.
Digital speckle interference light path III: comprise the 3rd CCD imaging system 4, two sides plane mirror 5, right angle triangular prism 6 that is all-trans, two sides plane mirror 5 is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 3rd CCD imaging system 4 vertical directions respectively; One side in two sides plane mirror 5, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter.
Aforementioned three equal coaxial arrangement of CCD imaging system point-blank, and three CCD imaging systems all are connected with image pick-up card;
Described piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter is connected with computing machine by D.C. regulated power supply.
The course of work of digital speckle interference light path I is: incide beam splitter from the light of laser instrument output and be divided into two bundle coherent lights, wherein light beam shines tested object plane, and another Shu Guangzhao is mapped to the beam splitter reference surface.The object light that reflects from tested object plane and jointly enter into a CCD imaging system through beam splitter from the reference light that reference surface reflects.Digital speckle interference light path I is positioned at the plane
In, can obtain separately acoplanarity displacement
Component.
The course of work of digital speckle interference light path II is: the two bundle object lights of returning from tested object plane diffuse reflection are through plane mirror, and reflection then enters into the 2nd CCD imaging system through right angle face total reflection triangular prism jointly to right angle face total reflection triangular prism.Digital speckle interference light path II is positioned at the plane
In, can obtain separately in-plane displacement
Component.
The course of work of digital speckle interference light path III is: the two bundle object lights of returning from tested object plane diffuse reflection are through plane mirror, and reflection then enters into the 3rd CCD imaging system through right angle face total reflection triangular prism jointly to right angle face total reflection triangular prism.Digital speckle interference light path III is positioned at the plane
In, can obtain separately in-plane displacement
Component.
Article three, separate between digital speckle interference light path, do not interfere with each other.
The method step that uses said apparatus to test is as follows:
Step 1: before measured object 8 load deflections, regulate aperture and the focal length of a CCD imaging system 2, the 2nd CCD imaging system 3, the 3rd CCD imaging system 4, make measured object imaging clearly on computer screen, be of moderate size;
Step 2: the symmetrical plane mirror 5 of placing in fine setting digital speckle interference light path II, digital speckle interference light path III, two pictures of measured object 8 in the 2nd CCD imaging system 3 and the 3rd CCD imaging system 4 are overlapped, the laser beam that digital speckle interference light path II, digital speckle interference light path III midplane catoptron receive with
The angle that axle becomes is respectively
With
At this moment, three CCD imaging system synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images are as the reference image;
Step 3: make measured object 8 load deflections, at this moment, synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images and the reference picture corresponding with it subtract each other in real time, obtain three width real time speckle interference fringe pictures; Described measured object 8 load deflections namely by the phase shift of piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter application time, and are inputted result in computing machine by image pick-up card, finally with Digital output; Described time-phase displacement refers to that driving beam splitter 7 or the plane mirror 5 bonding with it by the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter realizes the change of phase place along its normal direction translation slight distance separately; Owing to all being pasted with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter on beam splitter 7 reference surface, plane mirror 5, drive this piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter by D.C. regulated power supply, can drive the phase shift of bonding with it beam splitter 7 and plane mirror 5.
Article three, in digital speckle interference light path, the phase place that measured object 8 surface deformations cause changes and can be expressed as:
（2）
In formula,
The acoplanarity displacement component of expression measured object 8,
With
Expression measured object 8 in-plane displacement level and vertical components,
The wavelength of laser used,
,
Expression
,
Receive the angle of light and measured object 8 surface normals in.
Resulting like this three width digital speckle interference bar graphs are respectively measured object 8
,
With
The field interference fringe picture.
Step 4: utilize computer control piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter accurately to gather the speckle interference fringe pattern that several such as have at phase-shift phase, select three amplitude phase diagrams after suitable phase shift algorithm is accurately extracted measured object 8 distortion.
Step 5: above-mentioned three amplitude phase diagrams are done respectively separated the parcel processing, can further obtain the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution.
Step 6: according to formula (1)-(3), utilize the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution to calculate respectively the three-D displacement component of measured object 8
,
With
The symmetrical plane mirror 5 of placing in fine setting light path II, III staggers two pictures of measured object 8 in the 2nd CCD imaging system 3 and the 3rd CCD imaging system 4 a little; At this moment, can obtain pure acoplanarity displacement component by three independences of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference provided by the invention, synchronous and method for real-time measurement and device
And the derivative on level, vertical direction
,
The real time speckle interference fringe picture.
Advantage of the present invention is: (1) can realize the independent, synchronous of three-D displacement component and measure in real time; (2) need not complicated light-dividing device; (3) control the precise displacement of piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter by computer program, regulate thereby reach accurate phase shift; (4) except can realizing the independent, synchronous of 3-D displacement field and measuring in real time, can also realize independent, synchronous and real-time measurement of the derivative on acoplanarity displacement and level thereof, vertical direction; (5) measuring method of the present invention and device have multi-usage, whole audience noncontact, and measurement mechanism is simple, and automaticity is high, the measuring accuracy advantages of higher.
Claims (3)
1. three independences of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference, synchronous and real-time measurement apparatus, is characterized in that, described device comprises three digital speckle interference light paths;
Digital speckle interference light path I: comprise a CCD imaging system, laser instrument and beam splitter, described beam splitter and a CCD imaging system coaxial arrangement point-blank, the back side of the reference surface of beam splitter is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter;
Digital speckle interference light path II: comprise the 2nd CCD imaging system, two sides plane mirror, right angle triangular prism that is all-trans, the two sides plane mirror is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 2nd CCD imaging system horizontal direction respectively, one side in the plane mirror of two sides, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter;
Digital speckle interference light path III: comprise the 3rd CCD imaging system, two sides plane mirror, right angle triangular prism that is all-trans, the two sides plane mirror is the symmetrical both sides that are placed on the 3rd CCD imaging system vertical direction respectively, one side in the plane mirror of two sides, its back side is provided with the piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter;
Aforementioned three equal coaxial arrangement of CCD imaging system point-blank, and three CCD imaging systems all are connected with image pick-up card;
Described piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter is connected with computing machine by D.C. regulated power supply.
2. three independences of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference according to claim 1, synchronous and real-time measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that, aforementioned CCD imaging system includes a CCD and a variable focus imaging lens, and variable focus imaging lens is attached thereto by the interface of CCD front portion.
3. one kind is adopted three independences of the described 3-dimensional digital speckle interference of any one in claim 1-2, the 3-dimensional digital speckle interference measuring method that synchronous and real-time measurement apparatus is realized, it is characterized in that, comprises following process:
A) before the measured object load deflection, three CCD imaging system synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images are as the reference image;
B) after the measured object load deflection, then synchronous acquisition three width digital speckle interference images and the reference picture corresponding with it subtract each other in real time, obtains three width real time speckle interference fringe pictures;
C) utilize computer control piezoelectric ceramics phase-shifter accurately to gather the speckle interference fringe pattern that several such as have at phase-shift phase, extract three amplitude phase diagrams after the measured object distortion by phase shift algorithm;
D) by computing machine, above-mentioned three amplitude phase diagrams are made respectively the solution parcel and process, can further obtain the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution;
E) utilize the phase unwrapping figure of three width continuous distribution to calculate respectively the three-D displacement component of measured object.
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| CN103673912A (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-03-26 | 中国民航大学 | Image correcting system for deformation measurement of speckle correlation methods |
| CN103727891A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Synchronous three-dimensional speckle interferometric measurement system and method |
| CN105203501A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-30 | 大连理工大学 | Device for measuring erosion and redeposition of Tokamak wall materials |
| CN105716536A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-29 | 盐城工学院 | Three-dimensional digital speckle pattern interferometry synchronous measurement method and device |
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| CN110530714A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-03 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of tubular pile concrete crack detection method and its device |
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| CN103453850B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-10-21 | 北京理工大学 | Based on transparent liquid level micromorphology measuring method and the system of Digital Speckle Correlation Method |
| CN103453850A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Method and system for measuring transparent liquid level micro-features based on digital speckle related technology |
| CN103673912A (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-03-26 | 中国民航大学 | Image correcting system for deformation measurement of speckle correlation methods |
| CN103727891A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Synchronous three-dimensional speckle interferometric measurement system and method |
| CN103727891B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-08-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Synchronize three-dimensional speckle interferometer measuration system and measuring method |
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| CN105203501A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-30 | 大连理工大学 | Device for measuring erosion and redeposition of Tokamak wall materials |
| CN105716536B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of 3-dimensional digital speckle interference method for synchronously measuring and device |
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| CN106840015A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-13 | 东华大学 | A kind of three camera digital speckle sensors and method for being applied to universe shape changing detection |
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| CN108168441B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2023-12-12 | 北京科技大学 | Speckle interference three-dimensional dynamic detection system based on time division multiplexing |
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