CN103147433A - Construction method and structure of wind-prevention and sand fixation brick array - Google Patents
Construction method and structure of wind-prevention and sand fixation brick array Download PDFInfo
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- CN103147433A CN103147433A CN2013100001283A CN201310000128A CN103147433A CN 103147433 A CN103147433 A CN 103147433A CN 2013100001283 A CN2013100001283 A CN 2013100001283A CN 201310000128 A CN201310000128 A CN 201310000128A CN 103147433 A CN103147433 A CN 103147433A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method and structure of a wind-prevention and sand fixation brick array. According to the annul prevailing wind direction and the maximal wind speed of a desert in the area to be subjected to wind prevention and sand fixation, cuboid clay bricks taking clay as a main material are made, the clay content of each brick is not lower than 70% of the total size of the brick, a plurality of vertical through holes are formed in each brick along a height direction, the clay bricks are paved on the surface of a sand field in a staggered configuration manner to form a multi-row multi-line brick array, the length direction of each brick is rightly opposite to the annular prevailing wind direction of the area, the maximal distance of two adjacent bricks is not more than 7 times the length of each brick, the sum of the ground contact area of the bricks is not more than 50% of the area of the covered sand field, and the minimal value of the width of the brick array is 1.2 times more than the maximal wind speed. According to the construction method and structure disclosed by the invention, by means of paving the sand field with the clay brick array, an effective wind prevention and sand fixation effect is achieved, the local ecological and soil environment in a desert area can be further improved, and a role of promoting the increase of the natural growth of plants in the desert region is played.
Description
Technical field
[0001] the present invention relates to a kind of job practices technical field of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, especially relate to a kind of job practices and structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.
Background technology
In traditional desert afforestation engineering, often adopt the deserts such as straw checkerboard barrier, the gauze grid method of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, these methods can play the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand really, but these methods can only play the physics windbreak function, do not change the characteristic that desert soil is difficult for preserve moisture and fertility, therefore be difficult to play the effect that promotes that vegetation is invaded naturally.
Also there is the human clay to pile windproof dam, or makes with soil mixed fertilizer, vegetable seeds and be beneficial to the improvement soil that vegetation grows up, the comprehensive bedding of sand ground.Can play the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, can improve again the growth conditions of vegetation, thereby increase natural vegetation.But these methods need a large amount of soil, and the small size bedding is possible, but the transportation of large tracts of land bedding and construction cost are all very high, and because the desert is dry, the soil of loose shape easily is blown away.
How can be low-cost on desert or sandy land, the movement of large-area fixedly sand and dust, can promote that again in the desert, the natural hyperplasia of vegetation is the problem that the present invention will solve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the movement of sand and dust in fixing desert, promote vegetation nature hyperplasia in the desert.
The present invention is a kind of job practices and structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, and the step of the job practices of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is:
(1) add fertilizer in loam brick, the content of fertilizer is not more than 30% of fragment of brick cumulative volume.
(2) add vegetable seeds in loam brick, the cumulative volume of the vegetable seeds that adds be not more than the loam brick block long-pending 3%.
(3) the staggered sandy land surface that is bedded in of loam brick, form the brick battle array of many row's multiple rows; The direction at the length L place of brick is over against prevailing wind direction between the year of this area;
(4) the maximum longitudinal pitch x1 of adjacent two fragments of brick, maximum transversal spacing x2, maximum oblique spacing x3 be all less than 7xL, x=(x1+x2+ x3)/3, L is the length of loam brick;
(5) the contact area summation of brick battle array is no more than the brick battle array and covers 50% of sand ground area, and namely 50% of brick battle array width Lw * brick array length degree Lh, the minimum value of brick battle array width Lw is greater than 1.2 * local maximum wind velocity Vmax.
The brick battle array structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, the height H of its loam brick is relevant to maximum wind velocity, and its value is 20mm ~ 200mm, and the width W of loam brick is 1 ~ 1.5 with the ratio of its height H, and the length L of loam brick is 1.0 ~ 5.0 with the ratio of its height H.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In the desert, vegetation is difficult to Natural Survival a lot of reasons, wherein two main causes: the one, and the movement of the sand table soil that strong wind causes makes the not soil environment of stable growth of plant; The 2nd, desert climate is dry, the soil seepage of water is strong, poor water retention property, and is extremely dry near the earth's surface, makes plant lack the most basic growth conditions.If can improve these two ecological conditions in desert, to the natural increase of plant, great facilitation will be arranged.Effect of the present invention has following aspect, can solve this two ecological problems.
(1) effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.Be arranged in loam brick on sandy land surface with certain even density, its height can play the earth's surface windbreak function, thereby has reduced the movement of earth's surface sand and dust.Due to the impact of brick wall height, square one-tenth eddy current in face of brick wall, the eddy current of formation have further been upset near the flow field brick, form a wind speed deceleration area above brick, thereby have reduced the wind speed on earth's surface.The earth's surface wind speed is the reason that the grains of sand move, and no matter a day aerial wind speed has muchly, as long as below the earth's surface wind speed can be reduced to a certain degree, huskyly just can not flow.
Can complete windproof mission after (2) two years.There is one to two predominant wind in general desert, due to attacking of outside dust storm, the fragment of brick at predominant wind rear is easy to buried, as long as but determined the brick battle array minimum area or along the construction regional predominant wind minimum length, they will produce the reduction effect to the earth's surface wind speed, thereby have progressively delayed the buried time of follow-up fragment of brick.In case do not buried by external dust storm in 2 years from being kept by the nearest fragment of brick in brick battle array protection target area, just can leave the certain self-sow time of plant in the brick battle array for.After natural vegetation had certain height and density, the windproof mission of brick battle array just can have been completed.
(3) aquation of brick battle array, weathering can promote the vegetation hyperplasia.The brick battle array, can be fallen by weathering or aquation under the effect of dust storm or rainwater through after the regular hour.Weathering and aquation are the form that changes brick equally, but it is different to the effect in desert.In the hydration process of loam brick, the additive in brick can as fertilizer sources or vegetable seeds penetrate into brick near, and become the reason that vegetation increases naturally.Additive is more, and nutrient or vegetation hyperplasia that brick brings sand ground promote that composition is more, and the promotion strength of plant growth is also larger.But these adding ingredients are too high, and the adhesion stress between the brick endoparticle just easily reduces, and fragment of brick is easily fallen by weathering.The material that fragment of brick splits away off in efflorescence is blown away very soon, and the hyperplasia of peripheral vegetation is not had any facilitation.And, also may reduce due to the early stage weathering of part fragment of brick the whole windbreak function of brick battle array.In addition, the clay ratio is low, and loam brick easily damages, and is difficult for carrying, also is not easy to carry out the construction of arranging in the desert.
(4) through hole can be created the microenvironment of the good growth of vegetable seeds.Be provided with a plurality of through holes perpendicular to ground plane in loam brick, through hole can be in inner calm a, water conservation, the sun-proof vegetable seeds primary growth microenvironment made of fragment of brick, and what this microenvironment can increase plant survives probability naturally.If but the through hole aperture is excessive, the time that sunlight shines directly at the bottom of the hole is long, and above-mentioned microenvironment just is difficult for realizing.Therefore, the diameter of each through hole can not surpass 1/2 of brick thickness, and at the bottom of guaranteeing that 90% of sunshine between local year can not shine directly into the hole.
(5) brick battle array input cost is low, protection of the environment.By the optimization to brick battle array arrangement method, the desert that can realize with the minimum earth volume maximum area effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, thereby cost that can the anti-Wind Engineering in decrease desert.Because clay is differentiation material out from the desert, after the loam brick differentiation, stay any side effect can for local soil on view or material, so the present invention is also the method for very environmental protection again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of brick battle array in the present invention, in figure, arrow refers to wind direction, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fragment of brick, Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of brick structure and local solar angle, Fig. 4 is the effect schematic diagram of checking winds and fixing drifting sand of brick battle array in the present invention, Fig. 5 is the another kind of brick battle array in the present invention effect schematic diagram of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, and Fig. 6 is that the present invention comes dust storm to the covering schematic diagram of brick battle array at home and abroad, and Fig. 7 is the inner husky loss schematic diagram of brick battle array in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Job practices and the structure of a kind of brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand of the present invention, its feature part comprises the steps:
(1) according to a slice needs check winds and fix drifting sand the zone the desert the year between prevailing wind direction and maximum wind velocity Vmax, as shown in Figure 2, the loam brick of the cuboid that making is made take clay as main material, the length of loam brick, wide, height is used respectively L, W, H represents, loam brick height H and maximum wind velocity are linear, its value is 20mm ~ 200mm, the width W of loam brick is 1 ~ 1.5 with the ratio of its height H, the length of loam brick is 1.0 ~ 5 with the ratio of its height H, the diameter of loam brick medium clay soil particulate component is not more than 0.002mm, for guaranteeing the fragment of brick constructability, and can keep the windproof function of physics of certain hour (more than 2 years), clay component is no less than 70% of fragment of brick cumulative volume.Loam brick is shaped with a plurality of vertical through holes along the height H direction, and the diameter of through hole is not more than 50% of loam brick height, also can add the fertilizers such as compost, stalk in loam brick, and content is not more than 30% of fragment of brick cumulative volume.
The brick battle array structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, the height H of its loam brick is relevant to maximum wind velocity, and its value is 20mm ~ 200mm, and the width W of loam brick is 1 ~ 1.5 with the ratio of its height H, and the length L of loam brick is 1.0 ~ 5.0 with the ratio of its height H.
(2) with the staggered sandy land surface that is bedded in of loam brick, as shown in Figure 1, form the brick battle array of many row's multiple rows.The arrangement form of brick battle array can freely be determined according to landform and the wind direction characteristics of locality, but the brick battle array need to have suitable density.The density of arranging of brick is high, and the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand can increase, as shown in Figure 4; But the loam brick seepage of water is poor, if husky surface all is booked by loam brick, in rainfall or when manually spraying water, rainwater will stay in the brick surface, is evaporated very soon.So the brick battle array need to have certain voidage, allow the part rainwater fall sand ground and to permeate the ground.If two brick spacings are long, although the eddy current that forms before brick wall can be protected near its husky indicated airspeed degree, the sand table wind speed in the middle of two bricks can not get enough reductions, does not just have the effect of mutually keeping out the wind between two bricks.As shown in Figure 5, so require largest interval between brick must not surpass 7 times of brick maximum length.
Therefore, the length L direction of brick is over against prevailing wind direction between the year of this area, the maximum spacing of adjacent two bricks (x1, x2, x3) is not more than 7 times of the long L of brick, the contact area summation of brick is no more than the brick battle array and covers 50% of sand ground area Lw * Lh, the minimum value of brick battle array width Lw is greater than 1.2 * Vmax, wherein, maximum wind velocity unit is m/s, the brick battle array width m of Lw unit.
(3) complete the bedding of brick battle array after, can suitably broadcast sowing the suitable local growing plants seeds such as some wheats, beans and grass seeds, content be not more than the loam brick block long-pending 3%.If some moisture can be suitably sprayed in two years in the area of local amount of precipitation below 200mm, help on the one hand the hydrolysis of fragment of brick, promote on the one hand the natural increase of vegetation.If local amount of precipitation below 200mm, sprays moisture in two years, make that soil moisture content is not less than 6% below loam brick.
As shown in Figure 3, θ is the angle of incidence of local sunlight in fragment of brick, along on the height H direction of loam brick, offer a plurality of vertical through holes on loam brick, and the diameter d of through hole is not more than 50% of loam brick height H.
To need to the check winds and fix drifting sand desert in zone of a slice, at first this area is carried out climatological observation, or according to the historical meteorological record in this area, predominant wind and maximum wind power between the year of investigation this area.Then determine the scope of loam brick bedding, the height of brick and the density of brick according to these meteorological datas.
Work progress can be divided into three phases:
Phase I: construction stage at initial stage.Can carry out Construction Specifications according to following benchmark during initial construction: the minimum scope of construction item of brick battle array must not be in the predominant wind direction 1.2 times less than the maximum possible wind speed.From the angle of windproof battle array function, the thickness of fragment of brick is more thick better, but blocked up brick brings a lot of difficulties can for production, carrying, construction etc.So the thickness of fragment of brick should be produced and the execution conditions decision according to the locality.
The density of brick battle array and brick spacing are determined according to thickness and the wind speed of fragment of brick.The condition of decision initial stage brick battle array density mainly contains 2 points: the first, guarantee that whole brick battle array has enough infiltration abilities, and namely the area summation of the ground plane of fragment of brick is no more than 50% of brick battle array area coverage.The second, follow the total face of covering preferential, the principle of density second.But the maximum block spacing is no more than 7 times of the brick longest edge.Because the corollary system of concrete engineering is different, the brick supply of goods, time and form of construction work, machinery, namely speed is had nothing in common with each other, because the essence of the brick tactical deployment of troops is " linking work at selected spots with that in entire areas, take face as main ".Before arriving the season of mainly blowing in the locality, completing large as far as possible overlay area is criterion.
Second stage: rationalize the construction stage.After finishing in strong wind season, according to the brick battle array of observing after preparatory works by dust storm bury with the brick battle array in husky wastage, determine rational bedding scope and bedding density.
External blown sand meeting cover part brick battle array, wind-force can be taken away again in part brick battle array husky simultaneously.The coverage speed of external blown sand is fast, and coverage mode should extend the bedding scope of brick battle array on predominant wind as shown in Figure 6 as far as possible.If the amount that the sand in the brick battle array is pulled away is more, husky loss mode needs to increase the bedding density of brick as shown in Figure 7.It is impossible stoping husky covering and movement fully, as long as can guarantee that the rationalization construction finishes 2 years upper surfaces with interior brick battle array and do not covered just passable by dust storm comprehensively.
Phase III: management phase after the brick battle array.After completing the bedding engineering of brick battle array, can suitably disperse some to be fit to local vegetable seeds of growing up, in addition, if local amount of precipitation is below 200mm, can suitably spray in two years some moisture, help on the one hand the hydrolysis of fragment of brick, promote on the one hand the natural increase of vegetation.After brick battle array construction 2 years, in the checking winds and fixing drifting sand and making under the microenvironment of sun-proof minimizing evaporation of brick battle array, have many plants nature hyperplasia.
Meanwhile, loam brick is understood decomposed, distortion under the effect of rainwater or artificial water spray, and in the part of clay brick, entrained nutrient also can penetrate near sandy soil, thereby has improved the soil environment in the brick battle array, and this can further promote the growth of plant again.
After construction formally began 3 years, the form of brick battle array just no longer existed, and clay component can penetrate in sandy soil and play the effect of surface layer of desert preserving soil moisture improvement, and provided than better life condition before Construction State to endemic plant.Even so there is no later on the labor management of continuation, also have more plant nature hyperplasia on the soil here.
Claims (5)
1. the job practices of brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, the steps include:
(1) add fertilizer in loam brick, the content of fertilizer is not more than 30% of fragment of brick cumulative volume;
(2) add vegetable seeds in loam brick, the cumulative volume of the vegetable seeds that adds be not more than the loam brick block long-pending 3%;
(3) the staggered sandy land surface that is bedded in of loam brick, form the brick battle array of many row's multiple rows; The direction at the length of brick (L) place is over against prevailing wind direction between the year of this area;
(4) the maximum longitudinal pitch (x1) of adjacent two fragments of brick, maximum transversal spacing (x2), maximum oblique spacing (x3) be all less than 7xL, x=(x1+x2+ x3)/3, L is the length of loam brick;
(5) the contact area summation of brick battle array is no more than the brick battle array and covers 50% of sand ground area, and namely 50% of brick battle array width (Lw) * brick array length degree (Lh), the minimum value of brick battle array width (Lw) is greater than 1.2 * local maximum wind velocity (Vmax).
2. the job practices of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after completing the bedding of brick battle array, can broadcast sowing suitable local growing plants seed in the brick battle array.
3. the job practices of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand according to claim 1, is characterized in that if local amount of precipitation below 200mm, sprays moisture in two years, makes that soil moisture content is not less than 6% below loam brick.
4. the brick battle array structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, it is characterized in that: the height of loam brick (H) is relevant to maximum wind velocity, its value is 20mm ~ 200mm, and the width of loam brick (W) is 1 ~ 1.5 with the ratio of its height (H), and the length of loam brick (L) is 1.0 ~ 5.0 with the ratio of its height (H).
5. the brick battle array structure of the brick battle array of checking winds and fixing drifting sand according to claim 4, is characterized in that offer a plurality of vertical through holes on loam brick, and the diameter of through hole being not more than 50% of loam brick height on height (H) direction along loam brick.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104314065A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-28 | 兰州大学 | Brick array sand barrier for preventing and blocking sand |
| CN108797555A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-13 | 永嘉湖庄农业科技有限公司 | Desert ecological brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN110130308A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 西南民族大学 | Slow-release fertilizer sand brick and the sand-protecting barrier that fixes the sand |
| CN112655446A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-04-16 | 广州博雅园林生态建设有限公司 | Method for constructing garden on hardened ground |
| CN113678670A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-23 | 西昌市巴汝国有林场 | Surface flow wetland purifier |
| CN116104071A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-05-12 | 兰州理工大学 | Array meadow windproof system, windproof etching analysis method and construction method |
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| JPH0870706A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-03-19 | Maeda Okugai Bijutsu Kk | Block for planting grasses |
| CN1580417A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 丁荣吾 | Nutrient-component-containing composite biological brick, and its manufacture method and use |
| CN1910986A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-14 | 中国农业大学 | Biological turf brick with nutritious soil, prepn. tech. and use thereof |
| CN2928950Y (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-08-01 | 武汉市海格尔科技有限公司 | Sand fixing greening brick containing water retaining agent |
| CN201789818U (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-04-13 | 安徽省文胜肥业有限责任公司 | Square grass cultivation block containing nutrition elements |
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| JPH0870706A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-03-19 | Maeda Okugai Bijutsu Kk | Block for planting grasses |
| CN1580417A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 丁荣吾 | Nutrient-component-containing composite biological brick, and its manufacture method and use |
| CN1910986A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-14 | 中国农业大学 | Biological turf brick with nutritious soil, prepn. tech. and use thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104314065A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-28 | 兰州大学 | Brick array sand barrier for preventing and blocking sand |
| CN108797555A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-13 | 永嘉湖庄农业科技有限公司 | Desert ecological brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN108797555B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2024-02-20 | 永嘉湖庄农业科技有限公司 | Desert ecological brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN110130308A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 西南民族大学 | Slow-release fertilizer sand brick and the sand-protecting barrier that fixes the sand |
| CN112655446A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-04-16 | 广州博雅园林生态建设有限公司 | Method for constructing garden on hardened ground |
| CN113678670A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-23 | 西昌市巴汝国有林场 | Surface flow wetland purifier |
| CN116104071A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-05-12 | 兰州理工大学 | Array meadow windproof system, windproof etching analysis method and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |