CN103147067A - 低压化学气相淀积装置及其薄膜淀积方法 - Google Patents

低压化学气相淀积装置及其薄膜淀积方法 Download PDF

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CN103147067A
CN103147067A CN2011104025803A CN201110402580A CN103147067A CN 103147067 A CN103147067 A CN 103147067A CN 2011104025803 A CN2011104025803 A CN 2011104025803A CN 201110402580 A CN201110402580 A CN 201110402580A CN 103147067 A CN103147067 A CN 103147067A
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王训辉
吴啸
过奇钧
范建超
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Wuxi China Resources Huajing Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种化学气相淀积(LPCVD)装置及其薄膜淀积方法,属于半导体薄膜制备技术领域。该LPCVD的反应炉的炉口部分处和炉尾部分处均设置有反应气体输入管路,在薄膜沉积时,每种反应气体同步地从所述炉口部分处的输入管路和所述炉尾部分处的输入管路通入所述反应炉内。使用该LPCVD装置制备的同批次晶圆的薄膜的一致性好,特别是晶粒尺寸一致性好,同时生产效率高、生产成本低。

Description

低压化学气相淀积装置及其薄膜淀积方法
技术领域
本发明属于半导体薄膜制备技术领域,涉及一种低压化学气相淀积(Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition,LPCVD)装置。尤其涉及一种在反应炉的炉口和炉尾均设置反应气体输入管路的LPCVD装置以及使用该LPCVD装置进行薄膜淀积的方法。
背景技术
    LPCVD装置在半导体薄膜制备中广泛应用,例如,在DMOS的制备中,采用LPCVD装置沉积多晶硅薄膜层。
    图1所示为现有技术的LPCVD装置的基本结构示意图。如图1所示,LPCVD 10包括反应炉,其通常也称为炉管,需要沉积薄膜的晶圆置于反应炉中,通入反应气体后在一定工艺参数条件下生成各种特性的半导体薄膜。常规地,反应炉包括炉口部分110、炉尾部分130以及以上二者之间的炉身部分120;晶圆通过炉口部分110的开口进入反应炉中,具体地,以晶舟900承载晶圆910以方便地进出入反应炉中,如图1所示,在薄膜生长过程中,承载晶圆910的晶舟900置于炉口部分110和炉尾部分130之间(也即置于炉身部分段)。同时,在炉尾部分130处设置开口连接真空泵,以便在晶圆910置入反应炉后(通入反应气体前)抽取反应炉为真空状态;在炉口部分110处设置一个反应气体输入管路140,反应气体输入管路140上可以设置流量计141和气动阀142。在半导体薄膜生长过程中,从反应气体输入管路140源源不断地向反应炉内通入反应气体(以制备多晶硅为例,通入SiH4气体)。
    但是,使用图1所示的LPCVD沉积半导体薄膜时,会存在晶圆之间的薄膜特性不均匀的缺点,例如晶圆间的薄膜厚度不均匀、晶圆间的薄膜的晶粒尺寸不均匀。这是由于,多片晶圆相对于炉口部分110的距离是不均匀的,从炉口部分110处的导入的反应气体也难以相对每片晶圆均匀分布,从而导致晶舟900上的多片晶圆910之间的反应条件存在一定差异,最终导致产生以上所述缺点。
    为尽可能地避免以上缺点,存在两种方法:第一种是减小每批薄膜沉积的晶圆的数量(例如,每批定量为70片),从而,同批晶圆之间的薄膜特性差异会相对变小;第二种是设置炉尾部分与炉口部分之间的温度差(即调整炉管温度分布),例如,炉尾部分的温度相对比炉口部分的温度高20℃,这样能尽量缩小同批晶圆之间的薄膜厚度差异。
    以上第一种方法会大大制约LPCVD的薄膜沉积效率,通常只能达到75片/炉;以上第二种方法会导致同批晶圆之间的沉积薄膜的晶粒尺寸差异性更大(例如,多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸不一致)。
    有鉴于此,有必要提出一种新型的LPCVD装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提高同批次晶圆的薄膜生长的一致性。
为实现以上目的或者其它目的,本发明提供一种LPCVD装置,其包括反应炉,所述反应炉包括炉口部分和炉尾部分,所述炉口部分和炉尾部分之间用于置放多片晶圆;在所述炉口部分处和炉尾部分处均设置有反应气体输入管路。
按照本发明提供的LPCVD装置的一实施例,其中,所述化学气相淀积的反应气体为n种时,在所述炉口部分处和炉尾部分处均设置有n个反应气体输入管路,其中n为大于或等于1的整数。
优选地,每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置有气动阀。
优选地,每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置有流量计。
其中,所述反应炉还包括炉身部分,所述多片晶圆置放于所述炉身部分处。
优选地,所述晶圆通过晶舟承载。
优选地,所述多片晶圆的数量范围在150片至200片之间。
按照本发明的一方面,提供一种薄膜淀积方法,使用以上所述及的任一种低压化学气相淀积装置给多片晶圆淀积薄膜,并且,在薄膜淀积时,每种反应气体同步地从所述炉口部分处的输入管路和所述炉尾部分处的输入管路通入所述反应炉内。
按照本发明一实施例提供的薄膜淀积方法,其中,所述薄膜为多晶硅薄膜。
具体地,所述反应气体为SiH4
优选地,所述多片晶圆的数量范围在150片至200片之间。
具体地,通过每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置的气动阀来控制反应气体的流量。
本发明的技术效果是,通过在炉尾部分处也设置反应气体输入管路,可以避免由于反应气体的耗尽所导致的反应气体分布不均,提高反应炉内的反应气体条件的均匀性,使同批次晶圆的薄膜生产一致性得到提高;同时不需要采用反应炉温度分布调整的方式,反应炉内温度可以均匀设置,晶粒尺寸的一致性好。反应炉内的同批次晶圆的数量可以大大提高,因此生产效率高,生产成本低。
附图说明
从结合附图的以下详细说明中,将会使本发明的上述和其它目的及优点更加完全清楚,其中,相同或相似的要素采用相同的标号表示。
图1是现有技术的LPCVD装置的基本结构示意图。
图2是按照本发明一实施例提供的LPCVD装置的基本结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面介绍的是本发明的多个可能实施例中的一些,旨在提供对本发明的基本了解,并不旨在确认本发明的关键或决定性的要素或限定所要保护的范围。容易理解,根据本发明的技术方案,在不变更本发明的实质精神下,本领域的一般技术人员可以提出可相互替换的其它实现方式。因此,以下具体实施方式以及附图仅是对本发明的技术方案的示例性说明,而不应当视为本发明的全部或者视为对本发明技术方案的限定或限制。
图2所示为按照本发明一实施例提供的LPCVD装置的基本结构示意图。在该实施例中LPCVD装置20用于制备DMOS中的多晶硅薄膜层,但是,本领域技术人员理解的是,LPCVD可以用来制备多种半导体薄膜,其具体应用范围不受本发明实施例限制。如图2所示,LPCVD 20包括反应炉(其通常也称为炉管),其通常以卧式结构设置,多片需要沉积多晶硅的晶圆可以置于反应炉内,反应炉内形成薄膜沉积所需的气氛条件。反应炉进一步包括炉口部分210、炉尾部分230以及以上二者之间的炉身部分220。晶圆通过炉口部分110的开口进入反应炉中,具体地,以晶舟900承载晶圆910以方便地进出入反应炉中,如图2所示,在薄膜生长过程中,承载晶圆910的晶舟900置于炉口部分210和炉尾部分230之间(也即置于炉身部分段)。同时,在炉尾部分230处设置开口连接真空泵,以便在晶圆910置入反应炉后(通入反应气体前)抽取反应炉为真空状态。
继续如图2所示,在炉口部分210处设置反应气体输入管路240,同时,炉尾部分230处设置反应气体输入管路250。从而在薄膜沉积时,可以同时从反应气体输入管路240、250输入反应气体(例如,硅烷SiH4),这样避免了仅从炉口部分210一端输入反应气体时、相对靠近炉尾部分230的晶圆的反应气体浓度会相对较低(由于之前反应耗尽所导致)的问题,处于炉身部分的多片晶圆之间的反应气体浓度差大大缩小,内部气氛更加均匀一致,从而导致同一晶舟900上的多片晶圆910之间的薄膜一致性更好,例如,晶圆上沉积的多晶硅的薄膜厚度相对更均匀。这样,也可以增加反应炉内同一批次置放的晶圆的数量,同一批次置放的晶圆的数量范围在150片至200之间,例如,可以为180片,也可以达到200片,从而大大增加LPCVD的生产效率,降低每片晶圆的薄膜沉积成本。
需要说明的是,尽管分别从反应气体输入管路240和250所输入的反应气体是相同的,但是,其具体所流入的流量可以不相同,具体地,可以根据晶周相对炉口部分和炉尾部分的距离差异来选择设置反应气体输入管路240和250分别所流入的反应气体。气体,另外,在该实施例中,仅示意了一种反应气体(SiH4)通过一对管路(240和250)的情形,在反应气体为多种时,可以分别在炉口部分210和炉尾部分230分别设置多对相应的管路;例如,反应气体为两种时,在炉口部分210处设置两个反应气体输入管路,该两个管路分别输入两种反应气体,在炉尾部分230处设置两个反应气体输入管路,该两个管路分别输入两种反应气体。
具体地,在反应气体输入管路240上可以设置流量计241和气动阀242,流量计241用于控制反应气体输入管路240所输入的反应气体的流量,气动阀242用于控制反应气体输入管路240是否导通(决定是否通入反应气体至反应炉内)。同样地,在反应气体输入管路250上可以设置流量计251和气动阀252,流量计251用于控制反应气体输入管路250所输入的反应气体的流量,气动阀252用于控制反应气体输入管路240是否导通。
通过以上说明可以发现,使用LPCVD装置20沉积半导体薄膜时,可以使同批晶圆在基本同一温度条件下完成薄膜沉积过程,各个晶圆之间的薄膜的晶粒尺寸一致性也相对较好。
需要理解的是,在采用图2所示的LPCVD装置进行薄膜沉积时,其具体的工艺参数设置可以根据具体情况来设置,本发明的薄膜沉积方法的改进之处主要在于反应气体的输入方式,因此,在此不再对反应方法的具体工艺参数条件一一赘述。
以上例子主要说明了本发明的LPCVD装置以及使用该LPCVD装置进行薄膜淀积的方法。尽管只对其中一些本发明的实施方式进行了描述,但是本领域普通技术人员应当了解,本发明可以在不偏离其主旨与范围内以许多其他的形式实施。因此,所展示的例子与实施方式被视为示意性的而非限制性的,在不脱离如所附各权利要求所定义的本发明精神及范围的情况下,本发明可能涵盖各种的修改与替换。

Claims (12)

1.一种低压化学气相淀积装置,包括反应炉,所述反应炉包括炉口部分和炉尾部分,所述炉口部分和炉尾部分之间用于置放多片晶圆,其特征在于,在所述炉口部分处和炉尾部分处均设置有反应气体输入管路。
2.如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,所述化学气相淀积的反应气体为n种时,在所述炉口部分处和炉尾部分处均设置有n个反应气体输入管路,其中n为大于或等于1的整数。
3.如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置有气动阀。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置有流量计。
5.如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,所述反应炉还包括炉身部分,所述多片晶圆置放于所述炉身部分处。
6.如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,所述晶圆通过晶舟承载。
7.如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置,其特征在于,所述多片晶圆的数量范围在150片至200片之间。
8.一种薄膜淀积方法,其特征在于,使用如权利要求1所述的低压化学气相淀积装置给多片晶圆淀积薄膜,并且,在薄膜淀积时,每种反应气体同步地从所述炉口部分处的输入管路和所述炉尾部分处的输入管路通入所述反应炉内。
9.如权利要求8所述的薄膜淀积方法,其特征在于,所述薄膜为多晶硅薄膜。
10.如权利要求9所述的薄膜淀积方法,其特征在于,所述反应气体为SiH4
11.如权利要求8所述的薄膜淀积方法,其特征在于,所述多片晶圆的数量范围在150片至200片之间。
12.如权利要求8所述的薄膜淀积方法,其特征在于,通过每个所述反应气体输入管路上设置的气动阀来控制反应气体的流量。
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