CN103140639A - A building structure - Google Patents
A building structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103140639A CN103140639A CN2011800314287A CN201180031428A CN103140639A CN 103140639 A CN103140639 A CN 103140639A CN 2011800314287 A CN2011800314287 A CN 2011800314287A CN 201180031428 A CN201180031428 A CN 201180031428A CN 103140639 A CN103140639 A CN 103140639A
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- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/165—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with elongated load-supporting parts, cast in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
- E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
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- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
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- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/867—Corner details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the construction of buildings as well as elements, structures and methods used in their construction. There is described a pre-fabricated formwork module (12) for a building portion. The module 12 includes two or more panels (14) each including a boundary portion (18) and one or more projecting structures (16). In the module (12) the panels are arranged such that their boundary portions (18) together define a first substantially continuous boundary for forming concrete and the projecting structures (18) project from the boundary into the concrete. The module (12) also include one or more reinforcing bars (30A) fixed, e.g. fixed to the projecting structures, in position relative to the boundary for transport and to reinforce the concrete.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the construction of concrete structure and element, structure and the method for using in its construction.The present invention will be described with respect to the construction of high-rise building.Yet singlestory building thing and low-rise building also can be constructed with many aspects of the present invention.
Background technology
Building with concrete element be with framework construct in order to create a foundry goods temporarily or permanently, concrete is poured in this foundry goods to form the structure of this building.Temporary frame work is removed after this concrete solidifies, and permanent framework after this concrete solidifies still as the part of this building structure.The method that concrete frame is provided at present is very labour-intensive and the workman is had potential danger.
Traditionally, use wooden frame.Build wood frame in the building site with timber by the carpenter, this carpenter uses timber to create the concrete mould that can be shaped therein.Typically, limit side and the bottom of these moulds with the polylith veneer, and with how solid wood frame and pillar, this veneer is held in place.The use wood frame has certain disadvantages, and for example, wood frame only can be reused very limited number of times, the intrinsic size that it is associated with natural prodcuts in addition and the scrambling of structure.In addition, because being on-site manual, installs this framework, so location tolerance is relatively loose.
Typically isolated plate forms the conventional wood frame that is used for vertical wall with wall thickness to be created by a pair of.These plates define the opposed surface of this wall.These plates are supported and prop in order to hold them in the position by timber beam and other pillars on its exterior lateral sides.These plates also are strapped in together with a plurality of intervals each other in order to keep the wall of this framework not to be moved apart under just by the concrete pressure in pouring into framework.These bindings place can or be arranged such that along location, the edge of this plate they stretch out the wall that passes this plate and arrive and face reciprocal plate.
For horizontal structure, floor for example, the downside of this floor is to be limited by one or more pieces timber (for example being made by veneer) that are supported on timber beam.For elevated floor, interim supporting structure need to just be straightened before the floor that this frame construction is installed.Such installation is very time-consuming and potential hazard arranged, and particularly wood panel is arranged on the bottom of frame part so that when making constitution water level land as floor or beam extend on these brace summers as the workman.
Around the edge of this wooden floor, a plurality of walls are straightened in order to limit a concrete volume that will be poured into.Yet before filling with concrete, need many other elements are spread in this framework, make like this them to be poured in concrete.Emphasis in these is reinforcing steel bar with the pipeline that is connected the after-drawing tendon, is used for perforate and connector and other servicing units (service) that pipeline connects.
The layout of each on-the-spot carrying out after forming this framework in these additional element, wherein each extra work all becomes more and more difficult and the workman is harmful to, because the working region is made more mixed and disorderly by other elements.For example, for pipe laying connector in floor, setter may be arranged a plurality of parts between other elements of the enhancing steel of many layers or this building.These elements will need equally carried or manipulation stride across one of this framework with reinforcing steel bar, be used for the ligature that is associated that these steel are kept together and other elements and intersect the surface that separates.
After this concrete solidifies, need this temporary frame work is removed.This is also time-consuming and potential hazard is arranged.In the case, the workman is in the support member and the structure that remove their overhead of position.
Recently, designed modular temporary frame work system.These comprise a plurality of panels, and these panels have the framework that typically is metal, in order to structural strength is provided.This panel surface defines the inboard of this concrete mold.These systems comprise a plurality of corner modules, flat panel etc., and can link together by these and produce desirable frame shape.These systems can arrange quickly than traditional wooden, because they can be pruned or be bolted together, and typically can use more times than traditional wood frame, but have in other respects similar shortcoming.
A kind of mode of work of partly avoiding being associated with temporary frame work is to use permanent framework.For example steel panel can be replaced the floor of framework on horizontal surface.These panels are located in the mode of the wooden floor panel that is very similar to conventional wood frame, but after do not need to be removed because they are formed in the concrete downside that creates with them.Yet in other respects, these system class are similar to conventional wood frame.
Also exist to be used for creating the frame system of upright wall, AFS system for example, this system comprises the board wall wall muscle of a series of vertical extensions, cement board is attached on every side of these board wall wall muscle in order to limit wall cavity.These wall constructions can be used as it is or with Concrete Filled in order to create a structural wall.If they are used as framework, at first these panels are erected at building site and supported.If need to strengthen, then as required many reinforcing steel bars inserted in this internal cavities.In the end can pass this wall before placing of concrete and insert servicing unit.Then, can carry out finishing to them as required.
A kind of mode of improving the complexity use framework as described above, cost and risk is at these concrete elements of precasting outside the venue, and in some cases, this is unique feasible.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to solve in these prior art systems one or more shortcomings and/or for they provide a kind of useful replacement scheme.
This do not admit in this manual any information priority date be common practise or can reasonably expect those skilled in the art it has been defined as or understand it, be considered as being correlated with or it is made up by any way.
Summary of the invention
The inventor has recognized that those structures of describing in the formerly patent application that is similar to the applicant can be used as permanent framework in the construction of concrete structure.For example, the frame module for building sandwich layer, space or structure can be formed by a plurality of elements that are similar in construction to these building units of describing at the applicant PCT/AU2009/001236 under one's name.In addition, if the frame module of precast frame module (for example being used for floor, beam, band beam (band beam), wall and sandwich layer), comprise the panel assembly that is similar to described in International Patent Application PCT/AU2011/000298, can also obtain special advantage.
Therefore, the present invention's different parts and method of multiple building and a plurality of partial building being provided and being used for building building at its different aspect.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of precast frame module for building part, and this module comprises:
Two or more panels, these panels comprise a boundary member and one or more structure of stretching out separately, these panels are arranged to make their boundary member to define together be used to concrete one the first continuous border basically that is shaped, and these stretch out structure and stretch out and stretch into this concrete from this border; And
One or more reinforcing steel bars, these reinforcing steel bars are fixed (for example being fixed to these stretches out on structure) in place to be used for transportation and to be used for strengthening this concrete with respect to this border.
These stretch out structure and preferably include one or more receptions spaces, and it is open in order to receive one or more reinforcing steel bar outwardly from this first border that these receive the space.These that define that these receive the space stretch out structure and are molded to a preset space length apart from this border and carry a reinforcing steel bar, or more preferably are molded to carry at least two reinforcing steel bars apart from least two of this first border different preset space lengths.
The preferred form of this module comprises that further a retention system (retaining structure) is used for that these reinforcing steel bars are captured in these and receives the space.This retention system preferably includes a plurality of perforates, and these perforates have in use contacted stretching out structure and passing these perforates of corresponding panel, and this retention system is soldered to these and stretches out on structure.This retention system or other structure preferably define one second continuous border basically, this border be used for the shaping concrete, with this first border be isolated.
These receive the space and are molded to and make these panels to be formed by the blank that downcuts from the public material plate, and described blank is arranged on this sheet material and at least one similar structure of stretching out of stretching out structure division and an adjacent blanks of making a compact material is in these receptions that stagger and that be positioned in another blank spaces.
This module may further include two or more isolated beams that support these panels.
These beams preferably have a profiled-cross-section, and this cross section comprises this concrete face of shaping that is arranged to.This section bar can be but be not limited to L, a C or S or Z-shaped section bar.
Preferably, each stretches out at least a portion of structure across the space between these beams.These stretch out structure can (but being not limited to) have L, a C, S or Z-shaped profile.
These stretch out structure can comprise a plurality of perforates of carrying these reinforcing steel bars.Randomly, each stretches out structure and stops being locked into concrete to be used for key with hook-shaped form.These stretch out structure and may further include the mobile perforate of a plurality of concrete, pass these perforates, and concrete can stretch out the part of structure around this and stretch out structure in order to engage this.
Preferably, each has stretched out structure qualification and has carried a supporting structure of a reinforcing steel bar.Preferably, this supporting structure comprises a passage.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of precast frame module for building part, and this module comprises:
Define be used to the concrete feature on continuous border basically that is shaped; And
One or more structures of stretching out;
These stretch out structure and stretch out from this border and stretch into this concrete and define a supporting structure of carrying a reinforcing steel bar.
This supporting structure can comprise a passage.Preferably, this supporting structure and its reinforcing steel bar that carries are oriented to strengthen this concrete lower floor.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of floor, and this floor comprises one or more modules and concrete.In comprising the floor with a plurality of modules of stretching out structure, these boundary members can be positioned such that flatly that these stretch out protruding and this concrete of structure and can cover the extension, top that these stretch out structure.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of wall, and this wall comprises one or more modules and the concrete between these modules.In comprising the wall with a plurality of modules of stretching out structure, these stretch out the correspondence that structure can be connected to another module separately and stretch out on structure in order to these modules are held together each other.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of precast frame module for partial building, and this module comprises:
Define the one or more features be used to the concrete space that is shaped; And
Location structure, by this location structure, this module can be located with respect to a vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks.
Randomly, this location structure comprises a setting element, and this setting element comprises a bonding part, is fixed with respect to these features by this setting element of this bonding part; And a lead-in portion, be used for this vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks of location.These features with this similar module when preferably, these features are on being installed on this similar module top are complementary.This module may further include an internal feature and a surface.This surface can be at least in part around this internal feature in order to limit this space around this internal feature, in this case, each in these features can be all tubulose, thus, described limited space is tubulose.
Wherein the part of one of these features can be stretched out the another part over these features up, in order to form the internal edge of a concrete structure on this another characteristic.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of setting element, and this setting element comprises: a bonding part, this bonding part are configured in use engage with a frame module; And a lead-in portion, be used in use locating a vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks.
This bonding part can comprise can insert so that of insertion who engages flange of a frame module and be used for limiting this flange stops part.This lead-in portion stops with this respective side that part can form a gable.This gable can be tubulose.
This module preferably includes one or more reinforcing steel bar, and these reinforcing steel bars are fixed in place to be used for transportation and to be used for strengthening this concrete with respect to these features.
At least one in these features can comprise two or more panels.Each panel can comprise that a boundary member and these stretch out the one or more of structure.Each panel is preferably at least mainly integrally formed by sheet material.Most preferably, these panels in each feature are arranged to make their boundary member to define together for this concrete continuous border basically that is shaped.
Each panel can comprise a marginal portion of this sheet material, this marginal portion be with respect to this boundary member deflection stretch out structure in order to form one, this stretches out structure and stretches out and stretch into this concrete from this border.
The zone of the marginal portion of this deflection of vicinity can be with respect to the displaying surface of this sheet material be recessed in order to receive an a marginal portion similar adjacent panels, opposite with the deflection edge of this adjacent panels, thus, the displaying of these adjacent panels surface substantial alignment.
These receive the space and can be formed as for forming these panels by the blank that staggers.These stretch out structure, define these a plurality of parts that receive the space and can be molded to a preset space length apart from this border and carry a reinforcing steel bar.These stretch out structure, define these parts that receive the space and can be molded to carry at least two reinforcing steel bars apart from least two of this border different preset space lengths.
Each stretches out the supporting structure that structure can limit a reinforcing steel bar of carrying.This supporting structure can comprise a passage.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of building part, and this building part comprises with the module of location structure and concrete.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of panel for partial building, and this panel comprises:
Be used for being shaped a concrete boundary member, and
Stretch out structure, this stretches out structure and stretches out and stretch into this concrete and comprise be used to a plurality of perforates that receive many reinforcing steel bars from this border; And
At least mainly integrally formed by sheet material;
Each stretches out structure and can stop being locked into concrete to be used for key with hook-shaped form.
A marginal portion of this sheet material can this stretches out structure in order to be shaped with respect to this boundary member deflection.The zone of the marginal portion of this deflection of vicinity can be with respect to the displaying surface of this sheet material be recessed in order to receive a marginal portion similar adjacent panels, opposite with the deflection edge of this adjacent panels, thus, the displaying of these adjacent panels surface substantial alignment.
These stretch out structure and preferably include the mobile perforate of a plurality of concrete, pass these perforates, and this concrete can stretch out the part of structure around this and stretch out structure in order to engage this.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of assembly, and this assembly comprises two or more these panels, and these panels are arranged to make their boundary member to define together for this concrete continuous border basically that is shaped.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of beam for building, and this beam comprises one or more be used to being shaped concrete feature and by the concrete of these feature formed therebies.This beam can comprise that with at least one in the module of one or more reinforcing steel bar and these features be the form of this module.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of panel for partial building, and this panel comprises:
Be used for being shaped a concrete boundary member, and
One or more structures of stretching out, these stretch out structure and stretch out and stretch into this concrete and limit one or more receptions spaces from this boundary member, and it is open in order to receive one or more reinforcing steel bars outwardly from this border that these receive the space.
In some instances, this or these stretch out structure can be by moulding in order to allow this border to stretch out structure perpendicular to these of this panel and folded.In order to allow this point, this or these stretch out structure and can have therein a plurality of notches.It is folded in order to create a depression, for example depression of a channel shape in this panel that these panels (or before or after being connected on adjacent panels) can pass these notches.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of partial building, and this partial building comprises:
One or more panels and by the concrete of these panel formings;
Each panel comprises:
A boundary member; And
Stretch out structure, this stretches out structure and stretches out and enter this concrete from this boundary member.
Another face of the present invention provides a kind of Prefabricated block for wall, and this module comprises:
Two isolated features, each feature define the corresponding border be used to the concrete space that is shaped;
Each feature comprises one or more structures of stretching out, and these stretch out structure and stretch out and enter this space from this border.
Wherein these stretch out the correspondence that structure is connected to another feature separately and stretch out on structure in order to pinion these features.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method for building a partial building, and the method comprises: a building site, the one or more in order to create at least a portion of a concrete frame structure of above-mentioned these modules are installed; Fill this concrete frame structure with water-bearing concreae; Allow this concrete to solidify.Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method for building a partial building, and the method is included in that a building site is installed with the module of location structure in order to provide a frame construction at least a portion of building; Fill this concrete frame structure with water-bearing concreae; On this module is pushed up, a similar module is installed.
Preferably, allow this concrete to solidify at least in part in order to strengthened this partial building before this similar module is installed.Randomly, can keep somewhere this module in place in order to protect the concrete of this curing at the life period of this building.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of precast frame module for partial building, and this module comprises: define be used to the concrete feature on continuous border basically that is shaped; And one or more reinforcing steel bar, these reinforcing steel bars are fixed in place to be used for transportation and to be used for strengthening this concrete with respect to this feature.
This precast frame module preferably includes one or more structures of stretching out, and these stretch out structure and stretch out from this border and stretch into this concrete and define a supporting structure of carrying a reinforcing steel bar.
In aspect other one, provide a kind of Prefabricated block for wall, this module comprises two isolated features, and each feature defines the corresponding border be used to the concrete space that is shaped; At least one in these features comprises one or more stretching out from this border and enters the structure of stretching out this space; Wherein these stretch out structure at least some be connected on another feature in order to pinion these features.
Various aspects of the present invention are complementary.It should be understood that each aspect can be in conjunction with about the described feature in one or more other aspects.
As used herein, except context requires in addition, term " comprises (comprise) ", and the variant of this word, the additive, component, complete things or the step that for example " are comprising (comprising) " and " having comprised (comprises) " and " including (comprised) " be not intended to get rid of other.
Description of drawings
Only in the mode of limiting examples, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described now with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the phantom drawing of the building of a part construction;
Fig. 2 is the plan view of building of the part construction of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the phantom drawing that cuts away of the different piece of the building in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition view of post;
Fig. 5 is the cross sectional view of post;
Fig. 6 is a phantom drawing that is used for the Prefabricated block of shaping floor;
Fig. 7 is one and is used for the phantom drawing with the Prefabricated block of beam that is shaped;
Fig. 8 A is the cross sectional view of a panel;
Fig. 8 B is the phantom drawing of a panel assembly;
Fig. 9 is the close up view from the details A of Fig. 8 A;
Figure 10 is the close-up perspective view of a part of the building of Fig. 1;
Figure 11 is the longitudinal cross-section view of floor;
Figure 12 is the transverse sectional view of the floor in Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the longitudinal cross-section view with beam;
Figure 14 is the transverse sectional view with beam in Figure 13;
Figure 15 is a decomposition view that is used for the module of a building sandwich layer of shaping;
Figure 16 is the plan view of the module in Figure 15;
Figure 17 is a plan view that is used for another module of a building sandwich layer of shaping;
Figure 18 is the close-up illustration of the details B in Figure 16;
Figure 18 B is the close-up illustration of the details 18B in Figure 18;
Figure 19 is the phantom drawing of the part of the building in Fig. 1; And
Figure 20 is the close-up perspective view of a part of the module of the building sandwich layer that be used for to be shaped;
Figure 21 to 31 has showed that embodiment assembling according to another preferred is for the series of steps of the frame module of a building sandwich layer;
Figure 32 A to 32D shows according to one embodiment of the invention from a flat board be shaped the series of steps of a panel;
Figure 33 has showed a kind of arrangement that strengthens steel in the substituting turning for Figure 21 to 31 arranges.
Figure 34 A to 34D has showed according to one embodiment of the invention and has been used for assembling and locates four steps of a plurality of vertical adjacent wall processes partly that formed by frame module;
Figure 34 E is the amplification of the details 34E in Figure 34 A;
Figure 35 shows the lateral view for the protection part of the panel of another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 36 showed Figure 35 carrying the panel of many reinforcing steel bars;
Figure 37 A to 37F more detail display use these panels that Figure 35 and 36 shows to be used to form the process of frame module;
Figure 38 has showed the cross section of the frame module of constructing according to Figure 35 to 37;
Figure 39 has showed the panel section bar that another one substitutes, and this section bar is adapted to especially for shaping floor slab in one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 40 has showed the another one panel section bar that is similar to Figure 39, lacks approximately 20% the concrete slab that is shaped in need to the embodiment than Figure 39 except this section bar;
Figure 41 has showed the part of module, and this part comprises a plurality of panels of the type of showing in Figure 40;
Figure 42 is the cross sectional view of a part of using the formed slab of these panels of Figure 40;
Figure 43 shows the details according to the frame assembly of two wall modules of one embodiment of the invention and a slab module;
Figure 44 has showed and is forming according to a series of panels before the frame module of another embodiment of the invention manufacturing;
Figure 45 has showed the end-view of these panels of Figure 44; And
Figure 46 has showed the phantom drawing of the part of the frame module of completing in Figure 44 and 45.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the building 1 of a part construction.This building will finally comprise several floors, but only show two-layer in Fig. 1.In Fig. 1, the structure of this part building 1 is comprised of a plurality of Prefabricated blocks, and these Prefabricated blocks are assembled is carrying the external frame structure of many concrete reinforcing steel bars in order to strengthen this concrete (in case words that concrete is watered) in order to limit one.Do not show concrete in Fig. 1.The structure of the building that Fig. 1 shows is (can or be constructed routinely with the method that is similar to the higher floor of showing) in the building site, on suitable ground by a plurality of precast frame modules to assemble, as described below.
Building 1 comprises different partial buildings, and these partial buildings comprise floor 2, beam 4, post 6, wall 8 and a central core layer 10.As shown in Figure 2, sandwich layer 10 is made of two sandwich layer part 10A and 10B.
As describing, these floor parts 2 and beam part 4 have similar structure.As best illustrated in Fig. 3, these floor parts 2 and beam part 4 define a slab surfaces 2A together.These beam parts 4 are darker and stretch out following certain distance of downside of these adjacent floor parts 2 in order to structurally support other parts of this floor 2 and this building than these floors part.In this example, a plurality of beam parts are extended across the floor adjacent with sandwich layer 10 around girth extension and two extra parallel girders of each floor of this building.
These floors 2 are to be formed by a plurality of precast floor slab modules corresponding to floor part 2.1 to 2.9.Similarly, these beams 4 are to be formed by a plurality of precast beam modules corresponding to beam part 4.1 to 4.4.These sandwich layer part 10A and 10B be formed by a plurality of precast frame modules of separating and by beam module 4 by separately.These posts (for example 6A to 6C) are also to be formed by a plurality of independent precast frame modules.Although show in Fig. 1, the outer circumference or the monoblock floor that are limited by the external margin of these beam modules have comprised a upright boundary line, and this boundary line is for concrete is included in this framework.Concrete can be poured in the framework that is created by this modular assembly in order to create the final structure of each floor.This concrete can once or with a plurality of part pourings enter in this whole floor.
Process following the carrying out generally of a part that is used for the building of construction this type:
1. needed a plurality of frame modules of prefabricated this building.These frame modules will typically be included in pre-determined bit in them, needed whole or most of concrete reinforcements of construction that this is completed.The pipeline of other elements that are used for that carrying need to be passed or extend along this final concrete form (for example the tendon (post tensioning tendon) adjusted of after-drawing, etc.) preferably by pre-installation in these precast frame modules.A plurality of perforates or the accessory that extend through final concrete form are also preferably prepositioned in these frame modules in manufacture process.
2. these modules are transported to the building site.In order to raise the efficiency, to send and preferably to be undertaken by erection sequence.
3. these frame modules are placed on-site so that this desired frame construction of construction.Installation can require some the temporary supporting things to frame module.
4. a plurality of frame modules are connected to (if asked) on a plurality of adjacent blocks.Can connect by welding, bolt or other suitable mechanical fasteners mode, alternatively, a plurality of adjacent blocks can be configured to interlock very fully in order to do not need extra fastening before placing of concrete.As will be described, certain module is designed to cooperate so that by the permanent interlocking of the concrete of a continuous phase.
5. with a plurality of reinforces, servicing unit, pipeline or connect (if asked) at a plurality of other elements between module.
6. a concrete part connect partially or water once in the framework that enters this assembling for whole floor, and as requested concrete being carried out finishing.
7. after this concrete fully solidifies, remove temporary supporting spare.
That other steps in the construction of a building will be carried out in conventional generally mode as will be recognized.
In the example of the building of Fig. 1, having made for after these frame modules of this bottom floor, can on-site they be assembled.This is to begin by the module that layout is used for bottom band beam 4 and sandwich layer 10.Floor frame module 2.1 to 2.9 is placed between these band beams in order to complete this floor frame.Then can water for the concrete of this floor slab at least.The pillar module 6 of bottom then can be installed.Also maybe advantageously the post of this point pouring lower horizontal and sandwich layer or etc. after top floor slab is watered.
On this sandwich layer and column top, after framework is in place, then it is installed the band beam frame module of top floor.These may be in this concrete solidification process from below support.These floor frame modules can be placed between these beams in order to complete floor frame for this top floor.This floor frame also may need interim support.Then concrete casting can be entered in this top floor frame and bottom pillar and sandwich layer framework.This process may continue in order to create extra level.
Showed the construction of exemplary floor modules 12 in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9.That each module 12 comprises is a plurality of (in this case for a pair of) beam 28 spaced, that extend in a longitudinal direction.A plurality of panels 14 laterally extend so that across the space between beam 28.As will be described, these panels 14 are adjacent with each adjacenting panel to be laid in order to present the concrete continuous border basically that is used for being shaped, and, there is no remarkable hole or the gap that can escape for concrete that is.In this embodiment, these panels be coiled material that the galvanized steel by about 1.6mm thickness forms be shaped and a plurality of panels that adjoin be connected.That this module 12 is left on original position in order to form a permanent part of this building structure with what describe.Consider, these panels 14 can be formed by thicker material in order to strengthen this permanent structure.In a preferred form, this precast frame module is to be similar to the panel assembly of describing in PCT/AU2011/000298 generally.Yet, revised this structure and concretely flowed and in order to support and locate strengthening steel in this module in order to promote.
These panels can use any suitable technology (such as rolling formation, compacting, bending or molded etc.) to be shaped.In addition, these panels can be preliminarily forming in order to have the shape (for example by molded or extrude) of deflection, or can be by planar materials) begin to take shape, it is bent this planar materials subsequently in order to form the shape of this deflection, for example in the operation of bender or rolling formation.
In this embodiment, this panel 14 is rolled into shape and stretches out structure 16 for comprising a planar boundary part 18 and one.This stretches out structure 16 and extends one of along these long marginal portions of this panel 14.In the module of this assembling, this panel is arranged such that this stretches out structure 16 and puts in this concrete.Each stretches out the web 16A that structure 16 comprises vertical (that is, perpendicular to this boundary member 18), and this web extends to the horizontal flanges part 16B that stretches out away from this boundary member 18 from this boundary member 18.This horizontal flanges 16B terminates in a short downward return phase 16C.This flange 16B and return phase 16C have consisted of a hook-shaped form together.
This boundary member 18 comprises 3 stiffening ribs 20 that extend along the length of this panel 14.In this embodiment, each rib 20 is a shallow pit pattern that approximately the wide 2mm of taking advantage of of 50mm the is dark distortion of the concrete side of this panel 14 (that is, towards).These stiffening ribs 20 are used for putting more energy into and anti-ringing to this boundary member 18.
This boundary member 18 comprises a displaying surface 18A on the non-concrete side of this panel 14.In this embodiment, the surperficial 18A of this displaying be relatively flat and only comprise a plurality of micro-strains that are these dolly dimple forms that are associated with these ribs 20.
As best illustrating in Fig. 9, panel 14 comprises an engaging zones 22, and this engaging zones extends and to stretch out structure 16 closely adjacent with this along the length of panel 14.This engaging zones 22 has been recessed into approximately 2mm.This depression is wide and be adapted to and trail part 24 for the corresponding length that receives a similar adjacent panels for about 50mm.Use such structure, when a plurality of similar panels are overlapped into the afterbody that makes a panel and are arranged in the engaging zones of another panel, the displaying of these panels surface 18A substantial alignment.Showed a panel assembly 26 with three panels 14 that arrange in this way in Fig. 8 B.In this assembly 26, a plurality of adjacent panels 14 be interconnected with one another and be maintained in relative position, for example by carrying out spot welding along overlapped material 22,24 elongate area.
To recognize, it is surperficial that the panel 14 of this assembly 26 has presented an attractive public displaying together.In completed building, this surface can be stayed or accept as requested different surfacings by former state.
The structure 16 of stretching out of each panel 14 has consisted of the purlin integrally formed with panel 14, in order to strengthen this panel in order to avoid bend around an axis perpendicular to its length axis of the length that is parallel to module 12 (that is, around).Therefore, these panels 14 and this assembly 26 are more intense on this direction.This stretch out structure 16 ideally its size be to make this stretch out structure to provide enough intensity to this panel, make like this frame module that combines this panel 14 can self-sustained.
Return to Fig. 6, in module 12, this has carried the free end of these panels 14 to longitudinal beam 28.These beams 24 form (that is, this beam has a pair of vertical arm in the cross section) by L shaped cross section.One of arm of every beam is positioned at the following of these panels 14 in order to provide support, and another arm of every beam protrudes upward to approximately stretching out the identical height of structure 16 (that is, protruding upward at concrete square) with this.
These beams 28 have double action.They bend around an axis perpendicular to this module by opposing and strengthen this module and an edge is provided so that the shaping concrete, as will be described in more detail below.Figure 11 and Figure 12 are the cross sectional view that combines the floor 2 of module 12 and concrete 34.The variant of the module 12 of showing in these accompanying drawings does not comprise return phase 16C.
Each web 16A comprises along the isolated a series of perforates 30 of its length (that is, across this module 12).The reinforcing steel bar 30A of a correspondence has been carried in each perforate 30.Therefore, stretch out structure 16 perforate 30 determining positions the position of these reinforcing steel bars 30A in this concrete 34.As demonstrated, in floor 2, these perforates 30 are positioned in the downward lower position place of this web 16A, make like this these reinforcing steel bars 30A carry in order to resist the tension force that is associated with the weight of carrying on floor 2 towards the bottom of concrete 34.
The mobile perforate 32 of a series of concrete is arranged along the length of this web 16A.In this embodiment, the mobile perforate 32 of these concrete comes spaced apart and staggers with it with the spacing identical with these perforates 30.These perforates 32 have a triangular form separately, and the summit of this triangular form refers to downward.Like this, these perforates 32 are relative narrower, thereby stay more materials around these perforates 30 in the bottom of this web 16A.These concrete flow perforate be relatively large in case allow water-bearing concreae to flow to pass wherein and when water-bearing concreae solidifies so that the solid concrete of shaping continuous phase.Therefore, these concrete flow perforate 32 allow to be sent to stress between a plurality of parts of the concrete floor that passes this web 16A and allow this part of stretching out structure 16 by the concrete ring of continuous phase around in order to this concrete and this are stretched out structure 16 interlockings.In Figure 11 in the horizontal flanges part 16B of this variant and Fig. 8 A these hook-shaped form 16B, 16C of this variant also strengthened this and stretched out engaging of structure 16 and concrete 34.Should also be noted that many reinforcing steel bars can be installed on these panels by a plurality of intermediate members, or can be placed and be retained in these in some cases and stretch out on structure, rather than (or additionally) is retained in wherein formed perforate.
As already described, the downside of floor 2 has represented a surperficial 18A of quite attractive displaying, thereby has formed a ceiling of the bottom floor of this building.
This module 12 is prefabricated, that is, be and building site that can be transported to this building that make at the manufacturing facility place.In this embodiment, these reinforcing steel bars 30A is fixed to be used for transportation by coordinating with these perforates 30 with respect to these panels 14.Every side of these perforates 30 goes out greatly approximately 1mm than the outer dia of these reinforcing steel bars 30A.Although this often is considered to suitable loose fit usually, but the rough grain character that relies on reinforcing steel bar with and the tolerance of straight degree, when a reinforcing steel bar engages with a plurality of perforates 30 along the length of this module 12, enough fixation that discovery exists between these reinforcing bars 30A that is used for the module 12 to the building site to be transported and these panels 14, wherein these reinforcing bars 30A has acceptable mobile degree.If the slippage of this reinforcing steel bar is excessive, can they be bonded on one or more extensions 16 of these panels with line, its mode is that many reinforcing steel bars are bonded to the mode on other these type of reinforcing bars or ligature routinely.Also considered other reinforcing bar fastening structure.
Engaging between these reinforcing steel bars 30A and these perforates 30 in use also provides an effect.When these reinforcing steel bars 30A was positioned in a plurality of somes place along its length, they were restricted and outside flexing under being placed in compression the time.Like this, these perforates 30 have replaced these ligatures consuming time that strengthen the structurally associated connection with prior art.
By provide this module 12(to comprise its panel 14, reinforcing bar 30A and beam 28 to the building site) formed floor 2 as a pre-assembled unit.This module 12 is placed on original position.For larger span, in the building 1 in Fig. 1, can provide more structural support to this module 12.For example, one or more pillars or support member can be placed on the downside of module 12 and the lower between floor so that this module 12 of temporary supporting.These end portion of module 12 can be by a FRAME COMPONENTS cap seal that separates, or as can cooperating mutually with another frame module of will being described.Then concrete casting is entered in module 12, these height that stretch out structure 16 of its depth ratio are slightly darker, make so the concrete surperficial 2A that completes not be extended desirably that framework is uglified and make like this these reinforcing steel bars have desired coverage scale to obtain durability.In this embodiment, these stretch out structure 16, and high and concrete 34 is for approximately 130mm is dark for about 100mm, and making like this these upper extent of stretching out structure 16 is to hang down approximately 30mm than this surface 2A.
To recognize, the panel construction of preferred form of the present invention can form a protection cortex around concrete.Particularly, this cortex can be relatively fluid-tight and help thus to prevent that this concrete from degenerating in time, for example divide by diminishing to be penetrated in this concrete.Another advantage is that this metal cortex can prevent the contraction that moisture runs off and reduces normally to be associated with concrete structure from this concrete.
Beam module 12 ' in Fig. 7 is similar to floor modules 12, yet it is of different sizes in order to extra intensity is provided.It stretch out structure 16 ' compare this floor modules to stretch out structure slightly darker.In this embodiment, these stretch out structure 16 ' for approximately 300mm is dark.As best illustrated in Figure 13 and Figure 14, the perforate 32 of flowing of these concrete presents along the form of the isolated larger hexagonal hole of the length of this web 16A '.Reinforcing steel bar perforate 30 ' is spaced apart along the upper and lower of this web 16A '.These bottom reinforcing steel bar perforates are to carry a plurality of reinforcing steel bars with the same mode of the opening 30 of this wall module.A plurality of reinforcing steel bars have also been carried in these top reinforcing steel bar perforates 30 ', and these reinforcing steel bars are positioned in concrete upper strata in order to resist tension force in this zone.
Unlike the L shaped beam 28 of floor modules 12, this beam module 12 ' comprises more complicated " Z-shaped " beam 28 ' that extends along its both sides.Every beam 28 ' comprises a L shaped part that arranges in the mode that is similar to L shaped beam 28, and comprises a horizontal flanges part 28A ', and this horizontal flanges part is protruding on the either side of this module 12 '.Slightly arranging these horizontal flanges 28A ' lower than these At The Heights that stretch out the upper extent of structure 16 '.These flanges 28A ' has consisted of with another module (such as floor modules 12) but the structure of co-operate.
In use, floor modules 12 can be arranged on direction perpendicular to this beam module 12 ', and wherein its end is seated on one of these flanges 28A '.Like this, the concrete of the opening of floor modules 12 receives the concrete reception zone that regional opening enters the opening of this beam module 12 '.When filling with water-bearing concreae, this concrete can flow between these modules in order to form a continuous coagulation soil phase.Stretch out structure 16 and 16 ' and the respective heights of these flanges 28 ' be selected such that when mounted these upper extent of stretching out structure 16 and 16 ' are in approximately identical At The Height and the two and are embedded in approximately 30mm of this concrete surperficial 2A below.
Figure 10 is the view of an excision, has showed a plurality of floor modules 12, and be arranged to for beam module 12 ' co-operate.As can be seen, these floor modules 12 are separately across between two adjacent beams modules 12 ' and be supported on by mode described above on the top of flange 28 ' of these beam modules 12 '.
Figure 15 to Figure 20 has showed a plurality of example modules of the sandwich layer that is used to form a building.
Figure 15 has showed the total structure of these sandwich layer modules.These modules 36 have comprised an internal framework 36A, this internal framework by external frame structure 36B around being used for receiving concrete tubular space 40(and seeing Figure 16 in order to limiting of being between them).When using Concrete Filled, these modules have formed the wall of a tubulose, and this wall has consisted of the part of the sandwich layer 10A of this building.The wall of this tubulose has with the corresponding height of building 1 level and for example can limit elevator well, inflammable ladder or other core structures of this building.By a plurality of suitable walls are provided in this framework, can also pass this frame construction and form door, window or other perforates.Inner frame 36A and external frame 36B structure are to be formed by a plurality of panel assemblies that use in the frame module of floor that are similar to, and the corner angle by a plurality of vertical extensions keeps each other.But will recognize, can use other attachment arrangements.
Figure 18 has showed how the details of two walls part of module 36 and they are focused at together a corner.This part 38 comprises a pair of relative panel assembly 26 ', and this counter plate defines between them be used to receiving a concrete space 40.These panel assemblies 26 ' stretch out structure 16 " put in this space 40.In this embodiment, each stretches out structure 16 " put in halfway in this space 40 and in abutting connection with the corresponding structure 16 of stretching out of another panel assembly 26 ' ".These adjacency stretch out structure 16 " to be connected to one another resist in order to pinion these panel assemblies 26 ' bulging that weight by the water-bearing concreae in space 40 causes.
As best illustrated in Figure 18 B, these stretch out structure 16 and can connect by the clip 42 that is the C section form of simply extruding, thus surround these correspondences stretch out structure 16 ' A ' return to flange 16C ".Clip 42 can with these flanges 16B " or return phase 16C " one or both of engage.A series of other types of attachment are possible.
Also consider, these stretch out the degree that structure puts in concrete on each panel assembly 26 ' can be along with its paired extension 16 " the complementation of corresponding size change and change, make like this in the paired structure 16 of stretching out " between the relative position of connection change from a pair of to a pair of.By this way, can not align along the length of this wall with the weak spot of this join dependency connection.As in embodiment before, form stretching out structure and can having a plurality of a plurality of perforates for the carrying reinforcing steel bar of of this sandwich layer module or these two wall constructions.
Figure 18 has also showed vertical L shaped beam 48A and 48B, and also referred to as corner angle, these corner angles are connected the panel assembly 26 ' of internal feature 36A and surface 36B respectively.
Figure 17 has showed the second pre-fabricated one 50 that is used for building sandwich layer part.In this case, this module 50 is used to construct a stair well, for example as an inflammable ladder.As can be seen, except this outer tubular structure, be similar to the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer module 36 in Figure 16, this module 50 comprises a plurality of interior walls (for example 52).These walls are formed the part of this sandwich layer module, maybe can provide by a plurality of independently wall modules.In either case, these frame partss that are used to form wall comprise with certain fastening means many counter plates assembly 26 ' of the complementation of bondage each other, for example connect stretching out structure by will be corresponding with mode described above many.
A plurality of independent wall frame modules can in conjunction with or can be not in conjunction with many pre-assembled reinforcing steel bars.A plurality of wall modules can be configured for the part that forms a simple plane wall, maybe can form a kind of more labyrinth (for example being used to form the module 50 of building sandwich layer).Use a plurality of on-plane surface wall parts of this frame construction also can make crooked wall.
Figure 20 shows the top of a sandwich layer frame module in position.This internal feature 36A extends to higher than this surface 36B.Be horizontal flanges 28A " form, be used for the structure that cooperates mutually with other modules and stretch out from the top water level land of this surface 36B.This flange 28A " frame module (typically, beam module 12 ') that is configured for a upper floor cooperates mutually, cooperating between the flange 28A ' that its mode is similar to module 12 ' and floor modules 12 described above.In use, beam module 12 ' is seated at this flange 28A " on; make like this its open concrete receive regional opening and enter in the space 40 of module 36; make like this this beam module 12 ' and module 36 to fill with water-bearing concreae simultaneously; this water-bearing concreae defines the solid concrete of a continuous phase when solidifying, this solid concrete closely is connected these walls of this building sandwich layer 10A with the beam 4 that forms by module 12 '.Thus, this feature 36A defines the internal range of beam 4.
In this embodiment, the upper extent of this internal feature 36A ends in the location structure 46 of its top periphery.In this embodiment, location structure 46 presents the form of a part of outwards opening with an angle, imports part (lead in) in order to limit one, is used for being positioned at the position that a similar module booting on its top is extremely alignd.The bottom scope of the internal feature 36A of this similar module 36 will have the importing part of a moulding accordingly, when making like this this top sandwich layer module be lowerd, force it to align with this module 36.By this module 36 space 40 that limits and the space complementation that is formed by adjacent in the above similar module 36, as cooperation with it.In this embodiment, these spaces cooperate to form one around the continuous tubular structure of these elevator wells.
It is in place and spaced apart with another building block 50 that defines stair well 54 that Figure 19 shows this building block 36.This module 36 is spaced apart in order to limit a corridor 52 with module 50.Beam 4 ' defines the ceiling (part of the floor slab structure of adjacent building level in the above) in corridor 52 and structurally interconnects with these sandwich layer part 10A and the 10B that are limited by module 36 and 50 respectively.
Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 has showed the preferred form of frame module post 58.This post comprises an outer cover that protrudes upward 56 of many reinforcing steel bars that surrounded by sleeve-shaped module 58.
This outer cover 56 comprises, many piece reinforcing steel bars 57 that vertically extend that surround by one group of ligature 59.These vertical reinforcing bars 57 are tied up on these ligatures 59 in a usual manner in order to resist outside flexing.
This tube-in-tube structure 58 comprises a pair of sleeve wall part 12 that is similar to floor modules part 12 " these reinforcing steel bars of ', except the relative positioning of these perforates in this web 16 has been reversed in order to move this module 12 towards the center of this post 6 " '.This module 58 further comprises a pair of long narrow panel assembly 26 " the L shaped part of the extension of ', these panel assemblies and these module sections 12 " ' cooperates mutually in order to form a continuous sleeve that has carried many reinforcing steel bars.Notice, the reinforcing steel bar of the perforate of these webs and module 58 is not presented in Fig. 4.
The height that these outer covers 56 have is corresponding with the height of building level, but the spacing with half departs from, making like this in the connection between a plurality of vertically adjacent outer covers is to occur near the floor of each self-corresponding building level and the mid point between ceiling, the mid point of this mid point and this screw thread is corresponding, make like this with these outer covers between the weak spot of tie point intersecting chain be with and vertically the weak spot that is associated of the tie point between adjacent module 58 depart from.Like this, when forming the floor of each building floor, the part of outer cover 56 protrudes upward from below.
To observe in Fig. 3, the upper extent of module 58 stops in a plurality of outward extending flanges, and these flanges closely are similar to about other module aspects described these flanges 28A.This flange is configured for these beam modules that form the top floor and cooperates mutually, and it is integrally formed making like this concrete of post 6 and top floor and continuous phase.
Figure 21 shows another embodiment of panel 2100, and this panel can be used to form the part of wall or other structures of building.Yet, panel in these embodiments before this panel 2100 is similar to, rather than have a plurality of holes of being in its extension or a reception space of open-cellular form, many reinforcing steel bars are inserted in these holes or perforate in manufacture process, panel 2100 stretch out structure comprise a plurality of open-ended reception spaces in case make many reinforcing steel bars can laterally inserted this building block in.As can be seen, panel 2100 comprises one planar boundary part 2102 and one stretches out structure 2104 generally.This stretches out structure 2104 and comprises a plurality of upright extensions (for example 2106 and 2108).This stretch out structure 2104 with respect to the boundary member 2102 of panel 2100 basically with a plurality of normal deflections.In use, stretching out structure 2104 will be surrounded by the concrete that pouring enters in this framework.As being clear that from following further description, these stretch out structure division (for example, 2106 and 2108) and are molded to restriction a pair of notch 2110,2112, and in use this is used to keep and locate many reinforcing steel bars to notch.
Figure 22 has showed more than 2200 panel 2100, and these panels have been joined together in order to form a microscler border structure, and this border structure can form the part of frame module.As described in embodiment before, these panels 2100 are preferably connected to one another by welding.The structure division (for example 2108 and 2106) that stretches out of these panels is to stretch out structure alignment so that the structure of stretching out that is used for supporting reinforcing steel bar that provides a row to align is showed as Figure 23 with the corresponding of each other panel.The frame module 2300 of a part assembling has been shown in Figure 23.
This assembly 2300 comprises from a plurality of panels 2200 of Figure 22 and also comprises in addition the enhancing steel of the form of the grid 2302 that is in the enhancing bar.These bars that strengthen grid 2302 are welded in network 2302 in advance, and this network can laterally be inserted in a plurality of adjoining and stretch out between structure division (for example 2106 and 2108) and be lowered and make and strengthen grid 2302 and be suspended in these and stretch out on structure division 2106,2108.Preferably, this enhancing grid 2302 can be soldered on this panel construction 2200 in order to respect to this module, it is clamped in the tram.As will be recognized, many independent reinforcing steel bars can be inserted in this panel construction 2100 in a plurality of suitable positions, rather than use the grid of welding in advance.
Figure 24 shows structure 2400, and this structure comprises the assembly 2300 of Figure 23 and similar frame construction 2402 placed adjacent one another.These two panels 2300 and 2402 have formed an inboard wall right angle, frame module corner shape.Two structures 2300 and 2402 can be welded together at 2404 places downwards along the vertical edge of its adjacency.These reinforcing steel bars that keep by these two framework faceplate parts 2300 and 2402 can use the part of L shaped reinforcing steel bar, and for example 2500(is as shown in Figure 25) effectively be connected to each other.To recognize as those skilled in the art, these L shaped reinforcing steel bars 2500 are placed with respect to the enhancing grid of these panels 2300 and 2402, make their overlapping desired degree of building acts that reaches.When forming wall, it may be necessary at the preset space length place apart from these boundary members of this frame construction, the multilayer reinforcing steel bar being set.Figure 26 shows a more complicated result 2600, and this structure comprises that in addition the second layer strengthens steel 2602.This is suspended in stretching out in outermost layer notch in structure division of these panel constructions 2300 and 2402, shows as Figure 27, and the reinforcing steel bar 2602 of these two panels 2300 can connect by the L shaped corner fittings that strengthens steel 2700, shows as Figure 27.
Then, when forming wall, it is necessary providing the second boundary part or cortex to this frame module.The starting stage of this process is illustrated in Figure 28.The frame module 2800 of this part assembling has been shown in Figure 28, and this module has the first flat 2802 on a part that is applied to panel 2402.This sheet material 2802 be structurally rectangle and be smooth generally, and have a plurality of perforate or holes 2804 that form therein.Each hole 2804 aligns with the corresponding respective flanges of stretching out structure division of the panel that it will be installed.In assembling process, these of this panel construction 2402 stretch out structure division and are soldered on the inside edge of these perforates 2804 in order to sheet material 2802 is mechanically connected on this panel construction 2402.Repeat this process and show as Figure 29, an outer skin is provided on this frame module thus.These sheet materials 2802 can be positioned such that they are overlapping in a zone along these longitudinal edges (for example 2900).In order to promote this point, these panels (for example 2802) can be equipped with a little 2mm step in order to allow a plurality of adjacenting panels overlapping and make and produce an external surface on plane basically along this overlapping edge.
Then show as Figure 30, the turning of module 3000 can be completed by being welded on corner panels 3002.In general this corner panels is a L shaped panel that is used for the turning of these adjacent surface plated constructions of covering simply.
Figure 31 shows the frame module 3100 of completing, and this module can be by stair well or the similar portions with a building.This building frame module 3100 comprises the two cortex walls that used the structure of showing in conjunction with Figure 21 to 30 and has carried enhancing steel between two cortexes.Show as embodiment before, door and other holes of passing this wall construction may be provided in this type of frame module.This typically the panel of a plurality of suitable moulding by being provided for constructing this opening complete.
Figure 32 A to Figure 32 D has showed the four-stage that forms a panel, and this panel is similar to and uses in the drawings in the embodiment of Figure 20 to 31.In initial step shown in Figure 32 A, provide a flat board that for example is formed from steel 3200.Then, go out two panel blanks 3202 and 3204 from each sheet material 3200.These panel blanks 3202 and 3204 are identical and are molded to the reception space that the extension that makes one of these panels 3202 is positioned at the opening of another panel 3204.In this way, two panels 3202 and 3204 can in the situation that the minimal losses amount formed by single sheet material 3200.Each panel blank shown in Figure 32 C (for example 3206) be extract from this centering and these section bar extensions folded, as shown in Figure 32 D.This panel is along the extension 3208 of this panel blank 3208 and the junction between boundary member 3210 is folding and form a upset flange 3212 on the far-end of extension 3208.This folding process can be undertaken by using bending press, folding brake (pan break press) or a similar folding apparatus, or alternatively can be shaped with a kind of roller head machine.At least some of these folding operations are carried out before can separating from this panel 3200 at these independent blanks 3206 or go out in an alternative embodiment.
Figure 33 has showed the details at the turning that is similar to two walls that Figure 31 shows.Yet the turning design part of describing before the part of the frame module 3300 that Figure 33 shows is different from is that the layout of this enhancing steel is different.This frame part 3300 comprises an outer skin 3302, and this cortex defines one and is used for being shaped concrete the first border; An inner cortex 3304, this cortex have formed and have been used for being shaped concrete another border.These cortexes 3302 and 3304 are to form by being similar to a plurality of panel described above.This inner cortex 3304 comprises a plurality of structures of stretching out, such as 3306,3308,3310 etc., in these structure upper supports reinforcing steel bar 3312,3314,3316 and 3318.Reinforcing steel bar 3322 with a pair of U-shaped basically strengthens this turning.Overlapping in its bend office at these U-shaped muscle of this corner.These enhancing parts 3320 and 3322 define together 3324, reinforcing steel bars 3326 that vertically extend of a circle and can insert in this circle.The mode that to know with those skilled in the art is bonded to these reinforcing steel bars on adjacent reinforcing steel bar.As the skilled person will recognize, can use in embodiments of the invention a series of other reinforcing steel bar configurations.
How Figure 34 A to Figure 34 D can make a plurality of vertical adjacent walls that comprise frame module in use be stacked on each other to go up if showing.Generally speaking, Figure 34 A to Figure 34 D has showed with lower component:
A lower frame module 3400,
A upper frame module 3402,
A pair of similar setting element 3404 and 3406.
These frame modules 3402 and 3400 are similar each other, normally this situation when formation has the building of a plurality of floors.As described in embodiment before, these frame modules have the first and second cortexes (for example 3400A and 3400B).Each module comprises a plurality of structures (for example 3400C) of stretching out in addition, in this case, these stretch out structure one tunnel and extend across the concrete forming space in this frame module and be adapted to for the mode of being showed with Figure 34 B to Figure 34 D and carry a plurality of reinforcing steel bars.The top of stretching out structure 3400D of topmost comprises line of rabbet joint 3400E and 3400F, the flange to downward-extension of the correspondence of each setting element 3404 and 3406 can be inserted in these lines of rabbet joint.The bottom margin that stretches out structure 3402A of the foot of frame superstructure 3402 comprises a pair of groove 3402B and 3402C, and this is formed as for the upwardly extending lead-in portion that receives these setting elements 3404 and 3406 groove.
Figure 34 E shows setting element 3404 in greater detail.These setting elements 3404 and 3406 are designed to be positioned in of this two modules and the lead-in portion of a taper are provided, and they are brought to a time-out and assist the adjacent module in location with box lunch.In this example, these setting elements are by a kind of plastics or metal material forms and it is microscler to be structurally, and help in addition to form sealing between these vertical adjacent frame modules, make like this concrete can not spill between the tie point between these adjacent frame modules.
Forward now Figure 34 B to, the figure shows this upper frame module 3402 and be lowered downwards towards this lower frame module 3400.In this diagram, these frame modules 3400 and 3402 of carrying reinforcing steel bar 3402D and 3400G have been showed.These setting elements 3404 and 3406 are inserted in the groove 3400E and 3400F of this lower frame module 3400.Show as Figure 34 C, in the situation that being brought to together, these frame modules 3402 and 3400 do not line up, on the groove 3402B that these setting elements 3404,3406 lead-in portion 3404A and 3406A are resisted against this upper frame module 3402 and the angled surface of 3402C and when they are brought to a time-out with these two frame modules 3402 and 3400 alignment.Their last alignment and position that be connected is illustrated in Figure 34 D.
Figure 35 to Figure 38 has showed another example of panel construction available in a frame module according to one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 35 shows a kind of alternative profile shapes available in the panel according to one embodiment of the invention.Panel 3500 has generally the structure identical with before embodiment, yet this stretches out profile that structure has and is adapted to for receiving and many reinforcing steel bars of clamping apart from a plurality of spacings of the boundary member of this panel places.In this respect, this stretch out structure 3502 have one be as general as zigzag section bar and comprise a plurality of betwixt with depression 3508, be essentially foursquare extension.Top end at these extensions (for example 3502) has been located notch 3504 and 3506.These notches are adapted to for receiving in the manner described below many reinforcing steel bars.These depressions 3508 and the section bar between adjacent extension (for example 3502) also are adapted to for receiving many reinforcing steel bars at the first interval apart from the boundary member of this panel.
Figure 36 has showed the example of placing reinforcing steel bar with the panel of the type of describing in Figure 35.As can find out in this example, reinforcing steel bar 3600 and 3602 the upper and lower are supported by panel 3500.The reinforcing steel bar 3604 of horizontal expansion and 3606 can also be attached on these panels and reinforcing steel bar 3602 in order to complete this enhancing structure.In this example, can be pre-formed before inserting this panel construction be a grid to these reinforcing steel bars 3602 and 3604.Yet they can alternatively be placed as a plurality of independent bars.Similarly, bar 3600 and 3606 can be formed a grid or place individually.In one form, these bars 3604 and 3606 be soldered on section bar 3500 and the enhancing bar 3602 that extends as fixing device so that with these quadratures and 3600 maintenances in this frame module.
Use combines the described panel of Figure 35 to Figure 37 and the frame module that forms can be particularly advantageous for forming the beam of concrete structure.To know as those skilled in the art, and may need the beam of different depth in building, and therefore, the height of these extensions (for example 3502) can be longer than what show in the present embodiment.And the interval between a plurality of extensions can be different, and this depends on the requirement of the partial building that stand-by frame construction formation is arranged.
It should be noted that, these bottom reinforcing steel bars 3600 and 3606 are positioned in a position in this frame module, make like this them will be positioned at the bottom of the partial building that forms with this frame module.This means, these reinforcing steel bars will typically be under tension force in this building.The thickness that depends on the beam that is forming, these top reinforcing steel bars 3602 and 3604 also can be in tension force.Clearly, by this profile shapes being changed to the reinforcing steel bar that extra level to a certain degree can be provided.
Figure 37 A to Figure 37 F has showed six stages that the panel of the type that use Figure 35 and 36 shows is made a frame module.At first, a sheet material 3700 has been shown in Figure 37 A, can have formed two panels by this sheet material.Then, flat board 3700 is cut into the blank 3702 and 3704 of complementary shape in step 37B.Showed blank 3702 in Figure 37 C.Then, blank 3702 is by this blank being folded into that its desirable shape forms in order to provide a upright extension and other structures in this panel 3702 in Figure 37 D.Then, show as Figure 37 E, a plurality of panels are welded together (in the described mode in this paper other places) in order to form a panel construction 3706.One side of this panel construction 3706 or many sides typically will be by a plurality of side walls to define in this mode of being showed elsewhere, in order to be provided for being shaped concrete a plurality of side.At last, panel construction 3706 has been loaded many reinforcing steel bars in Figure 37 F, is to be the form that the upper and lower strengthens grid 3708 and 3710.These can be attached on this module by welding or other mechanical fasteners modes.
Figure 38 has showed to combine the greater part of the frame module 3800 that the described mode of Figure 37 A to Figure 37 F makes.Yet in this example, this enhancing steel is placed as a plurality of independent reinforcing bars.In this respect, thus reinforcing bar 3802 is arranged at the concrete that is arranged in lower floor in a lower floor.Then, provide the reinforcing steel bar on upper strata, for example 3804.Can find out, these rest in these notches at place, section bar top of extension of these panels.At last, provide many horizontal reinforcing steel bars 3806, they cover on the reinforcing steel bar 3804 on upper strata and assist they are fixed in module 3800.And as demonstrated, a side of this module is equipped with wall 3808 so that in use along a side shaping concrete of this module.
Figure 39 has showed an other panel section bar with the cross section, and this panel section bar can be used for embodiment of the present invention.For example, the panel that has a section bar of showing in form of the present invention can be particularly advantageous for the being shaped slab part of building.As what describe in embodiment before, panel 3900 comprises be used for being shaped concrete boundary member 3902 and an extension 3904, and in use this extension extends upward in the concrete forming space of this frame module and is used for fixing many reinforcing steel bars.In this example, these extensions 3904 comprise a supporting structure 3906, this supporting structure is the recess of a horizontal orientation in the upwardly extending web of extension 3904 in this case, but can form alternatively (for example by go out a tag splice sheet from this web).This structure 3906 is used to maintenance and supports one or more reinforcing steel bar, and these reinforcing steel bars extend on the direction that is arranged essentially parallel to this extension 3904.As in embodiment before, these extensions 3904 will comprise a plurality of perforates or space, and in use concrete can pass these perforates or space and flows.The upper flange of these extensions 3904 comprises a plurality of holes 3108 that allow air to overflow below this flange in the process of placing of concrete.
As recognizing, these that are kept by retention system 3906 strengthen bars and are positioned in the concrete lower floor that is shaped by this frame construction, make so in use when this slab of the shaping bottom of this panel construction and importantly its these reinforcing steel bar of fixing be to be under tension force.Be understood that, the concrete lower floor of discussing is a concrete part that forms this partial building, this part is arranged in below the center line of this concrete, and this center line defines being under tension force or being in these parts under pressure when being loaded of this structure conceptive.
Figure 40 has showed a variant on the panel of Figure 39.This panel 4100 is similar to Figure 39 on profile, the exception part is that it comprises a step-like boundary member 4102.This boundary member 4102 comprise one large to upper notch 4104, this recess is used for reducing the concrete amount that is used to form a slab when using the panel of this type.Figure 41 has showed a fragment of frame module, and this frame module is to use the panel of the type that Figure 40 shows to make.As can be seen, frame module 4300 comprises a plurality of panels 4302,4304,4306.Each panel comprises boundary member (for example 4302A) and an extension (for example 4302B) of a correspondence.Each extension has supported one group of reinforcing steel bar 4308, and these reinforcing steel bars extend across a plurality of panels.These stretch out the reinforcing steel bar that also provides and supported many horizontal expansions in the retention system of web of structure (for example 4310).These reinforcing steel bars can be spot-welded on these extensions 4302 or on the reinforcing steel bar of adjacent contact.Before being placed on this module, these reinforcing bars 4308 and 4310 can form a grid.Then, can also be arranged on the top of these reinforcing steel bars 4308 and 4310 also being arranged at many root systems muscle (tie bar) in grid (for example 4312).Adjacent reinforcing steel bar be that muscle partly contacts part, for example the point 4314 places, the part of lacing wire grid or similar reinforcing material 4320 can be positioned and by colligation to this reinforce.In addition, the lower floor of this slab (being positioned at the below of slab center line) is in case just be formed and can be enhanced by the reinforcing steel bar of arranging horizontal expansion, as 4322 show.In use, when placing of concrete, this concrete slab will extend upwardly at 4324 indicated points.As in embodiment before, the top flange of these extensions 4302A comprises one or more holes 4106 in order to allow air to overflow in the concrete casting process.Figure 41 shows the exemplary part of the partial building of a permanent frame module formation using the panel that comprises the type that Figure 40 shows.
Figure 43 has showed the cross section that can use the framework of the building that frame module forms according to various aspects of the present invention and embodiment.The fragment of showing shows the junction between the wall 4404 and 4406 of slab 4402 and two one storey buildingDans.Correspondingly, Figure 43 has showed the junction between three frame modules.The frame module that forms wall 4404 is to be identical with combining the described frame module of Figure 30 to 32 basically, and slab 4402 is to use with substantially the same frame module described in conjunction with Figure 42 to form.This lower walls wall part 4406 is that use is similar to the frame module in Figure 30 to Figure 31 and forms.Yet, on its top, provide an extra enhancing structure 4408 to support the weight of this slab 4402.In order to hold this enhancing structure 4408, the top of the inboard cortex 4410 of this lower frame module 4406 comprises an outwardly directed support component 4408.The enhancing bar 4416 that uses one " question mark shaped " to strengthen the enhancing frenulum 4414 of 4412 and U-shapeds of circle and horizontal expansion provides the continuous enhancing between this slab 4402 and bottom wall 4406.A plurality of lines of rabbet joint that provide in these walls of associated frame members module are provided for these.As can be seen, this upper frame module 4404 is lowered on lower frame module 4406 and locates in place to be similar in conjunction with the method for the described process of Figure 34 A to Figure 34 D with setting element 4418 and 4420.Concrete casting is entered in the frame module of this assembling by at first watering this slab and lower walls wall part.Subsequently this top wall portion is divided and isolate pouring, or carry out in a similar fashion thereon in slab part of pouring.
Figure 44 to Figure 46 has showed the manufacturing of the alternatively embodiment of frame module, and thus, the framework that is used for making beam or other structures can be formed by the panel of type described here.Figure 44 and Figure 45 have showed an identical shaped panel 4500 generally that has with the panel of Fig. 8 A.In this embodiment, these panels fold the extension of this border perpendicular to this panel being formed as permission.In a preferred form, these stretch out structure and have therein a plurality of notches.It is folded in order to create a depression, for example depression of channel shape in this panel that these panels (before or after being connected on adjacenting panel) can pass these notches.
It is to comprise that a flat boundary member 4518 and one stretch out structure 4516 that this panel 4500 is formed (for example rolling formation, compacting or other modes).This stretches out structure 4516 and extends one of along these long marginal portions of this panel 4500.Each stretches out structure 4516 and comprises vertical (for example, perpendicular to this boundary member a 4518) web 4516A, and this web extends to the horizontal flanges part 4516B that stretches out away from this boundary member 4518 from this boundary member 4518.This horizontal flanges 4516B terminates in short downward return phase 4516C.This boundary member 4518 can also comprise a plurality of stiffening rib (not shown)s of extending along the length of this panel.This panel 4500 also comprises engaging zones 4522 extending along the length of panel 4500 and to stretch out structure 4516 closely adjacent with this.This engaging zones 4522 has been recessed into about 2mm and has been that approximately 50mm is wide and be adapted to and trail part 4524 for what receive a similar adjacent panels when completing this frame module.
This panel 4500 comprises that in addition a pair of this stretches out notch 4510 and 4512 in structure 4516 by incision.These notches 4510 and 4512 shape are triangle and with approximately 90 degree cuttings generally.
It is folded so that with the be shaped frame module of a channel shape of mode shown in Figure 46 that these notches allow panels 4500 to pass the summit of these notches 4510 and 4512.These notches 4510 and 4512 edge (being brought to together by this folding operation) can be welded to one another in order to strengthen the frame module of this channel shape.
Therefore, the final frame module 4600 showed of Figure 46 are stalks that stretch out strengthening structure with a plurality of inside around channel shape.This module can be arranged to carry in above-described mode or with more conventional cover structure and be carried on these and stretch out reinforcing steel bar 4602 on structure 4616.
As can be seen, this embodiment allows the single panel of type described here to be formed the frame module of channel shape, and these frame modules are suitable for floor, beam, band beam, but does not preferably need the vertical side walls of attached a plurality of separation.Formed structure can also be straightened and close in order to limit a frame module that is used for the part of wall or wall in its open side.
As will be recognized, these a plurality of panels 4500 can be joined together, in case then form a panel assembly make its sidewall folded, or each panel 4500 can be formed a passage before it being connected on next similar panel 4500.
Any amount of notch can by in the extension 4516 of incision panel 4500, make a plurality of shapes that can form except rectangular channel like this.In addition, these notches can be cut in order to allow to form different wall angles by any shape or angle.
In an alternative form, can produce discretely with floor these side walls of the frame module that is similar in Figure 46.These walls of this module and floor can be welded together along the longitudinal edge of its adjacency.Connection along this edge can be reinforced (if necessary), as being by a plurality of angle parts or a plurality of support in other embodiments.As recognizing, in this case, be not that the extension with these panels carries out otch, but the outer end of these extensions can be molded to and be used to form a suitable angle, make like this they with correct angle in abutting connection with its adjacenting panel.
To recognize, various aspects of the present invention allow prefabricated different parts in industrial manufacturing environment, and this may present aobvious advantage.For example can improve safety, because the site work that need to carry out still less.Particularly, exempted major part aloft or aerial work.Cost also can reduce, because can adopt automatic technology in manufacture process, has reduced the delay that causes due to the building site wet weather, and has increased the speed that install in the building site.The layout of the element of installing is simplified because the layout of reinforce, pipeline and servicing unit can be undertaken by machine, if or carry out by hand, these can be carried out on ground line at comfortable working depth place and in the mode of safety by the workman.
In addition, for most conventional framework (particularly wood frame), can improve the tolerance of framework, because the tolerance in manufacturing environment can be more controlled better than manual framework constructive process.Finally, this may transmit improved construction quality.
These Prefabricated blocks can be transported and be placed on the building site rapidly and with comparalive ease.A floor that is contemplated that building can be shaped and water at 2-3 days, and adopted suitable back support, added extra floor with similar speed.
For simplicity, run through this paper as used herein the term concrete refer to a kind of constructional materials, this constructional materials is sent with flowable form but is formed the part of building with after coagulation.As will recognize, many aspects of the present invention can with use together with the material conventional concrete and therefore, " concrete " should make an explanation on wide meaning, to contain diversified this type of flowable, coagulable constructional materials.
Will be appreciated that in this manual and to disclose and the present invention of definition expands to mentioned or obvious all alternative combinations of two or more independent features from context or accompanying drawing.All these are different has constituted different alternative aspect of the present invention.
Claims (46)
1. precast frame module that is used for partial building, this module comprises:
Two or more panels, these panels comprise a boundary member and one or more structure of stretching out separately, these panels are arranged to make their boundary member to define together be used to concrete one the first continuous border basically that is shaped, and these stretch out structure and stretch out from this border and stretch into this concrete; And
One or more reinforcing steel bar, these reinforcing steel bars are fixed in place to be used for transportation and to be used for strengthening this concrete with respect to this border.
2. module as claimed in claim 1, wherein, each panel is at least mainly integrally formed by sheet material.
3. module as described in any one in claim 1 or 2, wherein, these stretch out structure and comprise one or more receptions spaces, and it is open in order to receive one or more reinforcing steel bar outwardly from this first border that these receive the space.
4. module as claimed in claim 3, wherein, these stretch out structure, define these a plurality of parts that receive the space and be molded to a preset space length apart from this border and carry a reinforcing steel bar.
5. module as claimed in claim 3, wherein, these stretch out structure, define these a plurality of parts that receive the space and be molded to carry at least two reinforcing steel bars apart from least two of this first border different preset space lengths.
6. as claim 3,4 or 5 described modules, wherein, this module comprises that further a retention system is used for that these reinforcing steel bars are captured in these and receives the space.
7. module as claimed in claim 6, wherein, this retention system comprises a plurality of perforates, these perforates in use contacted corresponding panel these stretch out structure and pass these perforates, this retention system is soldered to these and stretches out on structure.
8. module as described in claim 6 or 7, wherein, this retention system defines one second continuous border basically, this border be used for the shaping concrete, with this first border be isolated.
9. module as described in any one in claim 1 to 7, comprise defining one the second other structure on continuous border basically, this border be used for the shaping concrete, with this first border be isolated.
10. module as described in any one in claim 3 to 9, wherein, these receive the space and are molded to and make these panels to be formed by the blank that downcuts from the public material plate, and described blank is arranged on this sheet material and at least one similar structure of stretching out of stretching out structure division and an adjacent blanks of making a compact material is in these receptions that stagger and that be positioned in another blank spaces.
11. module as described in any one in claim 1 to 10, wherein, these reinforcing steel bars are fixed to these and stretch out on structure.
12. module as described in any one in claim 1 to 11 further comprises two or more isolated beams that support these panels.
13. module as claimed in claim 12, wherein, these beams have a profiled-cross-section, and this profiled-cross-section comprises this concrete face of shaping that is arranged to.
14. module as described in claim 12 or 13, wherein, each stretches out at least a portion of structure across the space between these beams.
15. module as described in any one in claim 1 to 14, wherein, each stretches out structure and stops being locked into concrete to be used for key with hook-shaped form.
16. module as described in any one in claim 1 to 15, wherein, each has stretched out structure qualification and has carried the supporting structure of a reinforcing steel bar.
17. module as claimed in claim 16, wherein, this supporting structure comprises a passage.
18. a precast frame module that is used for partial building, this module comprises:
Define be used to the concrete feature on continuous border basically that is shaped; And
One or more structures of stretching out;
These stretch out structure and stretch out from this border and stretch into this concrete and define a supporting structure of carrying a reinforcing steel bar.
19. module as claimed in claim 18, wherein, this supporting structure comprises a passage.
20. module as described in claim 18 or 19, wherein, this supporting structure and its reinforcing steel bar that carries are oriented to strengthen this concrete lower floor.
21. a precast frame module that is used for partial building, this module comprises:
Define the one or more features be used to the concrete space that is shaped; And
Location structure, by this location structure, this module can be located with respect to a vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks.
22. module as claimed in claim 21, wherein, this location structure comprises a setting element, and this setting element comprises:
A bonding part, by this bonding part, this setting element is fixed with respect to these features; And
A lead-in portion is used for this vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks of location.
23. module as described in claim 21 or 22, wherein, these features are complementary with these features of this similar module on being installed on this similar module top the time.
24. module as described in any one in claim 21 to 23 comprises an internal feature and a surface, this surface at least in part around this internal feature in order to limit this space around this internal feature.
25. module as claimed in claim 24, wherein, each of these features is all tubuloses, and described limited space is tubulose thus.
26. module as described in any one in claim 21 to 25, wherein, the part of one of these features protrudes upward over another part of these features so that the internal edge of the concrete structure that is shaped on this another characteristic.
27. module as described in any one in claim 21 to 26 comprises one or more reinforcing steel bar, these reinforcing steel bars are fixed in place to be used for transportation and to be used for strengthening this concrete with respect to these features.
28. module as described in any one in claim 21 to 27, wherein, at least one in these features comprises two or more panels; And each panel:
Comprise that a boundary member and these stretch out one or more in structure; And
At least mainly integrally formed by sheet material;
These panels in this or each feature are arranged to make their boundary member to define together for this concrete continuous border basically that is shaped.
29. a partial building comprises the described module of any one and concrete in claim 1 to 28.
30. a setting element comprises:
A bonding part, this bonding part are configured in use engage with a frame module; And
A lead-in portion is used in use locating a vertical adjacent similar or similar modular blocks.
31. setting element as claimed in claim 30, wherein, this bonding part comprises:
Can insert in order to engage a flange of a frame module; And
One stops part, is used for limiting the insertion of this flange.
32. setting element as claimed in claim 31, wherein, it is a plurality of respective side of a gable that this lead-in portion stops part with this.
33. setting element as claimed in claim 32, wherein, this gable is tubulose.
34. panel that is used for partial building; This panel comprises:
Be used for being shaped a concrete boundary member, and
One or more structures of stretching out, these stretch out structure and stretch out and stretch into this concrete and limit one or more receptions spaces from this boundary member, and it is open in order to receive one or more reinforcing steel bar outwardly from this border that these receive the space.
35. panel as claimed in claim 34, this panel are at least mainly integrally formed by sheet material.
36. panel as described in claim 34 or 35, wherein, a marginal portion of this sheet material is to stretch out structure with respect to this boundary member deflection in order to form this.
37. panel as claimed in claim 36 comprises:
A marginal portion opposite with the marginal portion of this deflection;
Surperficial from the displaying that this concrete is outside;
The zone of the marginal portion of this deflection of vicinity, this zone with respect to this displaying surface be recessed in order to receive the opposite edges part of a similar adjacent panels, thus, these of these adjacent panels are showed surperficial substantial alignment.
38. panel as described in any one in claim 34 to 37, wherein, these receive the space and are formed as for these panels that formed by the blank that staggers.
39. panel as described in claim 34 to 38, wherein, these stretch out structure, define these a plurality of parts that receive the space and be molded to a preset space length apart from this border and carry a reinforcing steel bar.
40. panel as described in claim 34 to 39, wherein, these stretch out structure, define these a plurality of parts that receive the space and be molded to carry at least two reinforcing steel bars apart from least two of this border different preset space lengths.
41. panel as described in claim 34 to 40, wherein, each has stretched out structure qualification and has carried the supporting structure of a reinforcing steel bar.
42. panel as claimed in claim 41, wherein, this supporting structure comprises a passage.
43. a method that builds a partial building comprises:
A building site, one or more modules as described in any one in claim 1 to 28 are installed, in order to create at least a portion of a concrete frame structure;
Fill this concrete frame structure with water-bearing concreae;
Allow this concrete to solidify.
44. a method that builds a partial building comprises:
Module as described in any one in claim 21 to 28 is installed, in order to provide a frame construction at least a portion of a building building site;
Fill this concrete frame structure with water-bearing concreae;
A similar module is installed on the top of this module.
45. method as claimed in claim 44 wherein, allows this concrete to solidify at least in part in order to strengthened this partial building before this similar module is installed.
46. as claim 43,44 or 45 described methods, comprise this module is kept somewhere in place, in order to protect the concrete of this curing at the life period of this building.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| AU2010901944A AU2010901944A0 (en) | 2010-05-06 | A building structure | |
| AU2010901944 | 2010-05-06 | ||
| AU2010905671A AU2010905671A0 (en) | 2010-12-24 | A building structure | |
| AU2010905671 | 2010-12-24 | ||
| PCT/AU2011/000525 WO2011137496A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | A building structure |
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| CN103140639A true CN103140639A (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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| CN2011800314287A Pending CN103140639A (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | A building structure |
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| US (1) | US20130047539A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2567033A4 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20130113315A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103140639A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR081461A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2011250662A1 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG185132A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201144541A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011137496A1 (en) |
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| CN105986675A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-10-05 | 山核桃设计有限责任公司 | Method of constructing a concrete wall in a multi-storey building |
| CN108222356A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 建屋发展局 | For the devices, systems, and methods of preproduction modularization house |
| CN109415893A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-03-01 | 波立宝公司 | Building structure attachment device and its application method |
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- 2011-05-06 EP EP11777036.2A patent/EP2567033A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201144541A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
| EP2567033A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
| EP2567033A4 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| SG185132A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 |
| AU2011250662A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
| WO2011137496A9 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
| KR20130113315A (en) | 2013-10-15 |
| US20130047539A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| WO2011137496A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| AR081461A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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